Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 196, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 December 1929 — Page 1
E^wjpi?^7/owutol
STATE’S SNOW FIGHT NEARLY REACHES END Warmer Weather Forecast for Today and Friday; Cost Mounts. 2,000 WORKERS HIRED $13,000 Daily Expended by Highway Body, Battling Traffic Menace. Hourly Temperatures 6 a. m 22 10 a. m 34 7a. m 23 11 a. m 37 8 a. m 26 12 inoon).. 42 9 a. m 30 1 p. m 45 Indiana’s battle against the snows, which has cost the state highway department more than $75,000 in addition to the thousands of dollars expended by municipalities, may be ended soon by warmer weather, forecast for today and Friday. For almost a week, the state highway department has worked to open )- 'hways. A total of 4,500 men h ve been employed, 2.000 extras b ng hired, at a payroll cost of v t.OOO daily by the highway der rtment. $15,000 for Chains Tn addition to this cost, the highv -y department spent $15,000 for a carload of chains for higirway t partment trucks to aid in the s ow battle. New snow removal equipment, c sting $50,000, was used by the site for the first time in its fight t gainst the snow. The highway workers still are employed widening the narrow cuts through snow drifts in northern Indiana, where conditions were worst. Christmas travel was reduced to a considerable extent, state officials reported, by ice on highways. Wrecker companies were busy over the holiday dragging cars from ditches and towing in disabled machines. Conditions Hazardous Especially hazardous conditions prevailed about Stilesvile, Seeleyville and Manhattan, on U. S. road No. 40 an don State Foad No. 41 north of Vincennes. The weather prediction for today and Friday promised Indianapolis mostly fair skies with rising temperatures. The rise, however, will be checked Friday night when colder w eather is expected. Southwestern Indiana will have Ho temperature rise today or tomorrow and the colder weather will strike southwestern Indiana by Friday night. Temperatures today were rising Steadily, the thermometer here going from 22 at 6 o’clock to 30 at 6 o’clock. PANTAGES IN HOSPITAL Theater Executive Is Believed Suffering Heart Attack. Pu United Pr xs lOS ANGELES, Dec. 26.—Alexander Pantages, the millionaire vaudeville executive, w’ho was convicted of assaulting 17-year-old Eunice Pringle, was removed to the hospital ward of the county jail today. after jailers had found him in his cell suffering from what they believed to be another heart attack. Pantages attorneys are trying to obtain his release on bond with the plea that his heart is so weak that he may die in confinement. The showman is under sentence to San Quentin, but remains in the county Jail pending an appeal from his conviction. MURDERS WIFE, SELF Staten Island Man Shoots Mate, Then Is Suicide. B j I'nitnl Prefix ARLINGTON, Staten Island. Dec. 26.—Three hours after his wife had been found dying; from three shots In the garden of their home. Otto Kohrman. 64, was found dead in a building of the old Downey shipyard, apparently a suicide. Police said he shot and killed his wife. Kohrman was found by a searching party in the abandoned foundry building at the shipyard half a mile from his home. AVIATORS IN HOSPITAL French Fliers Go to Rangoon; One Suffers Hip Fracture. Bu United Prefix RANGOON. Burma. Dec. 26.—The French flier, Joseph Lebrix, and his companion, Rossi, who were when their plane cracked up in India, were admitted to the General hospital today. It was reported Rossi had a fractured pelvic bone and would be in the hospital several Weeks. Received by Pope Bv United Prefix VATICAN CITY. Dec. 26.—The duke and duchess of Aosta, the duke of Spoleto. the count of Turin and the duke of Abruxzl visited the pope today. They were received with great pomp. French Deputies to Recess By United Prefix PARIS, Dec. 26.—Premier Andre Tardieu announced today that the chamber of deputies will recess Sunday night until Jan. 14.
Complete Wire Reports of UNITED PRESS, The Greatest World-Wide News Service
The Indianapolis Times Mostly fair tonight and Friday. Some cloudiness. Somewhat warmer tonight.
VOLUME 41—NUMBER 196
There’s Just One Thing You Can’t Exchange Today
BV ARCH STEINEL “HpAKE back! Take back! Oh, J take back those oversized pajamas from me.” Singing this ditty in variation of hosiery, table linen, and in keys as high as motor cars and diamond rings, Indianapolis today
traded this year’s Christmas presents for next year's practicality. It was exchange day in downtown department stores —and how they did exchange! Where one pair of hose graced a holly-wreathed box on Christ-
On the Frontier DES MOINES is the frontier of science for the next seven days. Leading scientists from all parts of the United States are congregating there for the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Latest discoveries—about the stars, about atoms, about disease germs, about the human mind, about dozens of fields of research —will be announced. David Dietz. Scripps-How-ard science editor, is The Times correspondent on the frontier of science. He will report the Des Moines meeting for readers of The Times. Watch for Dietz’s first dispatch from the frontier of science in Friday’s Times on the editorial page.
26 NOW OEAD OF MENINGITIS Three Are Disease Victims Over Holiday. With three additional deaths and five new cases reported today, the death roll from spinal meningitis here mounted to twenty-five in the last three weeks, according to Dr. Herman G. Morgan, city health commissioner. Deaths reported today: Wilbur Klingensmith, 20, of 1131 Woodlawn avenue; Myrtle Caricio, 6, of 2710 Oxford street, and John Myers, 56. of 3918 Graceland ''venue. Dr. William A. Doeppers, city hospital superintendent, admitted three other victims of the disease Christmas day, making the total cases thirty-seven, including the fatalities. Crawford Davis, 22, Franklin, Ind., was admitted from Long hospital, which was not equipped to combat the malady, Dr. Doeppers said. Walfred Prindle, Negro, 15, of 944 West Twentieth street, and Alfred Schutte, 31, of R. F. D. No. 3, Box 120, are the other two afflicted by the disease. Dr. Morgan and Dr. Doeppers warned police officers to discontinue the practice of “smeTng the breath” of prisoners held on liquor charges, thus avoiding the possibility of contracting the disease. CARDINAL IS DEAD Archbishop of Turin, 72, Succumbs to Illness. Bji United Prefix $ TURIN, Italy. Dec. 26.—Giuseppe Cardinal Gamba, archbishop of Turin, died today. He was 72. Cardinal Gamba was born at San Damianq D’Asti. He was made archbishop of Turin in 1923 and a cardinal in 1926. His death leaves eight vacancies in Cacred college. Cardinal Gamba was taken ill after celebrating midnight mass on Tuesday and died at 7 a. m. today. He was a great friend of Crown Prince Humbert. The pope expressed deep grief at the cardinal's death, and similar regret was voiced at the quirinal. BONUS DEADLINE NEARS Last Day for Filing World War Claims Set for Jan. 2. Ail claims for World war bonuses must be filed not later than next Thursday. American Legion. Veterans of Foreign Wars and Disabled Veterans' posts throughout the state are attempting to reach every ex-service man in the state In order that all will get applications filed before the deadline. Congressman Louis Ludlow has addressed letters to every American Legion post commander in the state calling attention to the time limit on applications for adjusted compensation. Gas Believed Death Cause Bu T'nited Prexx EVANSVILLE. Ind.. Dec. 26.—Apparently overcome by gas fumes from a half-opened oven jet in the kitchen, Clark P. White, 60. manager of a rock crushing business at Hopkinsville, Ky, was found dead in his home her*,
mas mom, two pair peep from it now. “You see, I can use the less expensive stockings much more easily. Really, clerk, if it wouldn’t be too much trouble I’d like to exchange this pair for two of the $1.98 kind. You know how men are! They never can buy women suitable hosiery,” pleaded shoppers in stores today. And so one pair of hose multiplied and with it the continuation of worries of already frazzled store clerks. Hair-combs became hair-dye,
STATE SCHOOL FUND MISUSED, LESLIE CLAIM Governor Cites Alleged Overpayment, Diversion of Money. Governor Harry G. Leslie today struck back at critics of his state school aid policy. He placed much of the blame for the present plight of state aid schools squarely on the shoulders of local officials. Producing voluminous correspondence, he cited instances where there has been wanton wastefulness of school aid funds and in some instances downright illegal expenditure, he charged. “We have been covering up this school aid situation too long,” the Governor declared. Bill Defeated “I am being criticised because I appointed a commission to get the facts rather than call an immediate session of the legislature. At the last session, I sponsored a bill to put the state aid funds under the board of accounts and it was defeated. “When the funds were being handled in that department, there was a surplus at the end of the year rather than a $1,000,000 deficit. I don’t mean to place the blame on the state department of education, but on the local officials. “Numerous counties have been getting state aid that do not need it if they confine themselves to necessary expenditures. “The state aid was created so that all teachers will be paid a minimum wage. Instead, the money often has been spent for supplies and the teachers permitted to go without their salary. “These are the facts that I want disclosed before taking any legislative action.” Feels Cost Too Great Governor Leslie stated 236 townships are receiving state aid at the present time. Charges for transporting pupils range from $lB to $64 a month for each pupil, he declared. The Governor said he feels this range in cost is too great. He cited an instance where a school bus driver gets an SBO weekly salary', which he thinks out of proportion for similar work in the district. Wife and son of one state aid school official each draws $l6O a month for transporting pupils, he asserted. “The most glaring example of misuse of school funds by a trustee,” the Governor asserted, “is that of a preacher w'ho has taken the money to buy baptismal founts for his church, choir gowns and an ascension window, “This same trustee has sent flowers to sick persons in the community and for social event and paid for them out of school funds, according to a report received by me. It is such cases that need investigation more than more state funds.” Governor Leslie refused to disclose the name of the preachertrustee, but his secretary' stated that action to recover the funds thus misused will be taken. Expenditure of SIOO for a globe “that could be bought from a catalog house for from $3 to $7” -was another “horrible example” cited. “Teachers have suffered because of the misdeeds of others.” Governor Leslie contended. “I am not perturbed by their threat of a strike, however. I feel that they will cooperate with this administration in solving the problem.” CO-OPERATION SOUGHT Postmaster Asks Help in Gaining Access to Rural Mail Boxes. Patron* of rural mail routes today today were asked by Postmaster Robert H. Bryson to remove snow from their rural mail boxes to facilitate work of the carriers. Bryson pointed out that the state highway department, in clearing roads, was forced to leave banks of snow at the roadside, making it difficult for carriers to reach boxes without loss of time.
HO! HUM! ANOTHER OF THOSE NEAR MIRACLE YARNS
Bu United Prexx NEW YORK, Dec. 26.—Anyone who believes that the itinerant German musicians who stroll the streets at Christmas have all gone Into the butcher business learned differently Wednesday night. They were blowing their horns from the Bat'cry to the Bronx, and some even ventured into Park avenue where thy were more likely to have ten-dollar gold pieces tossed out the windows in payment for the serenading. A crowd gathered quickly at Fifty-fourth street and Park avenue. “Play ‘Ach Du Lleber Augustin,’ ” someone shouted.
INDIANAPOLIS, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1929
gloves turned into globules of perfume, perfume into face powder. Aunt Mary’s bridge lamp now is the first payment on a radio that Santa didn’t bring. The kerchief show'er that Myrtle got from her soririty sisters bought a ducky cigaret case. But for prize exchanging, there’s a box of candy in a North Illinois street drug store that would put a six-day bicycle rider to shame in the number of circuits it has made from salescounter to “giftee.” It seems that in the apartment,
They’re Enjoying It While They May
3f anew medical school in France iff nust contribute an equal amount. frytY ffra- pipll vould permit the finest medical i DOG DEATH CAUSES STIR J, ji rorturer of Canine Is Sought by ' ; 1u T'nited Press • W*. v OHP T /’YTTTG ILTa
SCHOOL FUND OFFERED John D. Jr. Willing to Aid in Building French Medical College. Bu United Press PARIS, Dec. 26.—Georges Eugene Henri Roger, dean of the faculty of medicine, announced today that John D. Rockefeller Jr. had offered $6,000,000 for the construction of anew medical school in France The offer stipulates that France must contribute an equal amount. Professor Roger said the sum would permit the finest medical center in Europe to be built, capable of accommodating 10.000 students. DOG DEATH CAUSES STIR Torturer of Canine Is Sought by Irate St Louisans. Bu T'nited Press ST. LOUIS. Mo.. Dec. 26. The death of a fox terrier, that starved to deathe because someone sewed its mouth shut with wrapping cord, aroused widespread sympathy and indignation in St. Louis today. Rewards, totaling $230, with the figure mounting hourly were offered for information that might lead to the capture of the torturer. The dog, weak and emaciated, was found in the rear of Mullanphy hospital Wednesday sniffing in search of food that it could not open its mouth to eat. ROYALTY TO SEE POPE Belgian King and Queen to Be Received Before Marriage. Bu United Press VATICAN CITY, Dec. 26.—The king and queen of Belgium will visit the pope Jan. 7, the day before the marriage of Princess Marie Jose to Crown Prince Humbert. The same ceremony wall be used as at the recent visit of the king and queen of Italy. Prince Humbert and his bride will see the pope the next morning. Their reception will be strictly private. THREE DIE FROM GAS Identity of Victims in Brooklyn Apartment Is Unknown. Bu T'nited Prefix NEW YORK. Dec. 26.—Two men and a woman were found dead from gas today in a three-room apartment at 237 Forty-eighth street, Brooklyn. Another man in the same apartment was unconscious and was taken to Norwegian hospital, where it was said his condition was critical. The identity of the victims was not learned immediately. Leaves for United States By United Prefix LIMA, Peru., Dec. 26.—Dr. Herbert Williams of the University of Buffalo, who has been studying the corpses of mummies and ancient bones for the last two months, left for the United States Wednesday. Two Sets of Twins Born Bu United Profit CHICAGO, Dec. 26.—Christmas day saw the arrival in Chicago oi two sets of girl twins. Mr. and Mrs. William Siedler and Mr. and Mrs. Geraldine Goldman are the parents.
housing the store, resides a popular flapperette. A big red-ribboned box of candy was ensconced in the drug store window. Today the drug store clerk Is mournful. “It’s that box of cangy 'I had in the window. Three times I sold it, three times to three different men. and each time that popular little flapper upstairs brought it back. “And how she did trade it. .for playing cards, fags and whatnots.
While “Old Sol’s" melting smile today pleased road crews and snow shovelers. youngsters saw a danger to their sledding and snow-house building in the climbing temperatures. “Enjoy it while it lasts,” was the slogan of Donald Cassidy. Leßoy Miller and Dwane Cassidy, pictured above in the entrance to their big snow house. Three days, six wet feet and thirty numbed fingers and thumbs went into its construction in the back yard of the Cassidy home at 2014 Jones street. In the other photo, four “young mothers” have decided the warm sunshine would be good for their "Christmas babies.” They are, left, Dorothy June Arnole; center, Mary Louise Fisher; right, Dorothy Farrington, and, in front, Charlotte Syracuse, as they started for a jaunt with Patsy, the dog, and their Christmas dollies, from the home of R. W. Fisher, 2002 West Morris street.
START INQUIRY IN CUSTOMS SLAYING
Trio of Coast Guardsmen Are Under Arrest and Incommunicado. Bu United Press BUFFALO, N. Y., Dec. 26.—Three men comprising the crew of the coast guard cutter C-2245 today were placed under arrest by federal authorities in connection with the fatal shooting Wednesday night of ; Eugene F. Downey Jr., son of a | Buffalo police lieutenant, as a sus- ; pected narcotics smuggler. Coast guard authorities asserted i that Downey and an unidentified i man failed to stop their twenty-six-foot unlighted craft in the harbor when challenged. Six bullets were fired at the fleeing boat, which was suspected of smuggling contraband. Two of these bullets struck Downey, one entering the left lung. The craft was nosed into a dock by the pilot, who leaped from it and escaped. Downey, lying unconscious and bleeding profusely, was taken from the boat by coast guardsmen and sent to a hospital where he died from loss of blood. Examination of the boat revealed no contraband, coast guard heads said. Guy B. Moore, district attorney of Erie county, immediately telegraphed Urtfted States Attorneyj General William B. Mitchell, at Washington, protesting Federal Attorney Richard H. Templeton's action of refusing to allow state authorities to interrogate three
Herman timed up; Hans took off his gloves and Albert cleared his mustache away from his lips to give his comet free play. The music came clear and brassy. “The Watch on the Rhine" followed, then came “Silent Night.” “Play ‘Wearin’ of the Green,’ ” demanded a white-haired lady. Then the musicians demonstrated they were incorruptible. Neither gold nor silver could force them to play the Irish ballad. “It isn’t suitable to the season/’ Hans explained, and he and his colleagues marched off caroling “O Tannenbaum, My Tanuenbaum.”
Entered ns Second-Class Matter at Foetoffice. Indianapolis
“Late last night. I sold It to the fourth man. ’Now it’s gone for good,’ I says to myself. But it ain’t. There it is sitting over by the candy case. It came in today. Yes! The same woman. She got a cigaret lighter this time.” Nor does “exchange day” end in a span of twenty-four hours. Store managers say the last extra pair of socks or gaudy tie won’t find repose on a store shelf before the new year. In fact, the belief that the day will stretch itself into a week is so strong that the Exchange
coast guardsmen held under military arrest in connection with Downey’s slaying. All state and city authorities have been balked in their attempts to question the trio as a result of Templeton’s order. CHRISTMAS IS FIRELESS Electric Bulbs Use Cited Reason for Lack of Tree Blazes. In sharp contrast to “the good old days,” Indianapolis did not have a single Christmas tree fire Wednesday or Wednesday night. Use of electric bulbs for the lights is cited by fire department officials as the reason for lack of calls. Santa’s whiskers were not even singed in a single case, fire department records showed today. “Dares” Cause Serious Injury By United Press CLEVELAND. Dec. 26.—William McSherry, 28, accepted the “dare” of having a loaded gun placed in his mouth Wednesday night. The man holding the gun was “dared” to poll the trigger. He accepted, and part of McSherry’s cheek was blown away. Christmas Causes Death By T'nited Pres* CHICAGO. Dec. 26.—Overwork during the Christmas rush, which placed an added strain on his weakened heart, was believed responsible for the death Wednesday of James Ryan, 50 a mail carrier.
Club of Indianapolis is celebrating its Friday luncheon at the Lincoln with a truly “exchange” session. Each member will bring the most useless gift he received Christmas and trade it for something equally as useless. The bars are down. Yellow scarfs that would strangle “Strangler”
Do N’T FIT.'
Lewis, nonworkable cigar lighters and other nonsensical “doodads” are permitted in the arena of /exchange.” So you see everybody’s doing it. You can exchange anything, trade anything, but Last night’s headache today.
Ring Humor Tim McGrath for more than forty years has been known as the prize ring’s pre-eminent humorist. Even before the Sullivan-Corbett fight famous men of the ring knew and chatted with the San Francisco veteran. '"McGrath has written a series of thirty stories for NEA Service and The Times dealing with humorous and thrilling events of his career. These will run daily in The Times, in the Pink Editions only. The late “Tad,” immortal cartoonist of the ring, once said of McGrath, “No man ever lived who got the laugh out of prize fighters anci their doings as has Tim McGrath.” Buy a Pink today and read the second of Tim’s stories.
BLEND MOTHER HURT IN FIGHT Wounded Critically as Son and Father Struggle. Bu United Press DETROIT, Dec. 26.—Tragedy entered two Detroit homes on Christmas and today a 70-year-old blind mother was near death in a hospital, and a son was held charged with the murder of his father. Mrs. Marie Kizewski, 70, blind for thirty-three years, vas shot and critically wounded during a struggle between her son Joseph, 31, and her husband Peter. She was expected to die. The father told police that Joseph had threatened to shot himself after a family quarrel and the gun went off as he tried to wrest it from him. Patrolman Anthony Singer of the suburbs of Hamtramck was walking i his beat Wednesday night when John Szcervinski, 21, ran to him screaming: “Get a doctor, I've just killed my father.” The policeman found the body of the boy’s father Albert, 45, lying on the kitchen floor torn by a shotgun charge. Police said they had been called to the Szcervinski home earlier in the day to calm a violent quarrel which followed the father’s attempt to force John and his sisters to leave the home. BOOZE IS IMPROVING Five Die Over Holiday, but None From Poisoning. By t’nited Press Christmas drinking, although reported to have been as widespread as in other years, took only five lives, a United Press survey indicated today. Four men and one woman died from the effects of acohol imbibed to celebrate the holidays, but there was no evidence that the liquor was poisonous. All but one of the deaths were reported in the east. THREE KILLED IN PLUNGE One Injured Seriously When Car Topples Over Embankment. Bu T'nited Press CHIPPEWA FALLS. WLs., Dec. 26. —Three persons were killed and one was critically injured when their automobile plunged over a twenty-five-foot embankment today. The dead are Mrs. Bernice Barnes, Eau Claire, Mrs. Frank Jolliffe, Chippewa Falls and William R. Erickson, Eatr Claire. Edwai 3 #" De Rusha, Eau Claire, Is not expected to live at a hospital j here. The party was returning to' Eau Claire from a Christmas dance. gangster" is killed St. Louis Police Fear Revival of Feud, Following Slaying. Bn T nited Press ST. LOUIS, Dec. 26.—Authorities searched St. Louis’ ghetto today for the slayers of Frank Cosenteno, gangster, shot to death here Wednesday in what police believed was a revival of gang warfare. Cosenteno’s body, a bullet hole in the cheek, was found In a vacant lot, partially ceverad wltb bumL
HOME
TWO CENTS
MOVES TO AID ENFORCEMENT OF DRY LAWS Treasury Prepares Plan for Consideration of Congress. UNIFY PATROL AGENCIES Pact With Canada Is Goal; Suggestions Come as Criticism Answer. B’j United Prefix WASHINGTON, Dec. 26.—Plaas for more effective enforcement oi the Volstead act are being prepared by the treasury' for submission to congress, Undersecretary Mills said today. The announcement came after Attorney-General Mitchell anci Prohibition Commissioner Doran both had issued statements taking Issue sharply with a charge by Senator Borah (Rep., Ida.) that prohibition could not. be enforced successfully under the present dry personnel. The treasury's plans. Mills said, call for unification of the border patrol agencies and for limiting the ports of entry on both the Canadian and Mexican borders. He said an agreement with Canada would be necessary to accomplish this. Designate Roads “Instead of permitting persons to enter the United States from Canada at any point on the international boundary as we now do,” Mills said, “we should designate certain roads for entry purposes and prohibit persoas from crossing the border at any other point. Persons now are required to report at the nearest customs house, but we have to maintain a large patrol to see that they do so.” Mills said he felt that the joint congressional committee which President Hoover asked congress to appoint some months ago would be the logical agency to which the treasury should present its ideas on prohibition enforcement. The treasury’s plans, he added, practically are completed and only await i the committee’s selection for presentation. Charges of indifference and inefficiency among prohibition law enforcement officers, brought by congressional drys, notably Ssenator Borah, were answered in a counterstatement Issued here Wednesday night by Attorney-General Mitchell. “I can not for the honor of hundreds of devoted public servants allow to pass without protest, a wholesale charge of indifference to prohibition enforcement which has been leveled against United States attorneys, marshals and other officers of the department of justice j and appearing in the press this ' morning,” Mitchell said. His statement clearly was aimed 'at the -one issued Wednesday by Borah, in which the senator de- | dared that “with the present personnel. nothing will be accomplished.” Men of Integrity “These men generally are known in their own communities as men of itegrity and courage, doing their best to enforce the law,” he said. “There have been weak spots; we have been working hard to eliminate them. Prohibition Commissioner Doran likewise defended his dry agents and observed in a statement that Senator Borah’s charge “is most unfortunate and bound to have a disheartening effect upon the morale of the service.” Admitting that the enforcement organization had its weak spots, Doran said, “To say that prohibition can not be enforced with the present personnel comes perilously near to saying it can not be enforced at all.” Borah lunched with President Hoover today. It is known the President is much concerned over the present attack on the prohibition enforcement situation and it is thought he wished to get Borah’s views first hand. FLIERS’ BODIES FOUND French Aviators Apparently Were Killed Instantly, Reports Say. Bu United Prexg PARIS, Dec. 26.—The bodies of three French filers, missing for ten days in Africa, have been found on the Llbyian coast, the air ministry was advised unofficially today. The fliers apparently died instantly when their small plane crashed, the advices said. The three fliers were Victor Joseph Lassalle, Marcel Rebard and Raymond Saltot. Draws Sentence on Check Charge Thomas J. O’Brien, 45, was fined $25 and costs and sentenced to thirty days at the penal farm by Municipal Judge Paul Wetters today on charges of issuing fradulent checks. He is alleged to have passed two small checks while Intoxicated. Salvation Army Worker* Dine Employes of the Salvation Army Industrial home at 127 West Georgia street, were guests at a Christmas dinner Wednesday. Present* were distributed to the fifty attending.
Outside Marine County S Cents
