Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 195, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 December 1929 — Page 4

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Peace and Good Will At last the prophecy of Bethlehem draws nearer to reality. After twenty centuries of resistance, mankind appears to be ready to choose peace and good will as the basis of human relationships and lay aside the hatreds and the warfares which have marked the years. The world has been slow in coming to the manger to find its inspiration and its guide. To the devout, the coming of Christmas renews the faith which directs and guides. To the unbeliever, it must inevitably arouse a hope and a dream for a better world and a kindlier one. Even while Christian nations are giving themselves over to the celebration of this most sacred of days, the people of other faiths are being compelled to accept the philosophy of Him of whom the angels sang "On earth, peace, good will towards man." Only as good will replaces hate and peace supplants war, can nations or individuals attain either greatness or happiness. Every conference of nations at which agreements are reached for orderly and peaceful association, at w'hich treaties are drawn, limiting the armaments, has its inspiration in this great dream of peace. There is every reason to believe that very soon the statesmen of the world, expressing the demands of men and women who have grown weary of war, will discover means of making peace permanent and war impossible. Perhaps the spirit of good will may also, very soon, become the guiding light of all human relationships. There are still many barriers to be overcome. There is still greed and hate and selfishness. Men still struggle for advantage and too often forget the message of human brotherhood. But as life becomes kindlier and fuller, perhaps the causes of conflict between individuals may disappear as the causes of conflict between nations are going. The Christmas season speeds that day. It adds to the fund of kindness. It lifts the heart to higher levels. It brings a little nearer the great dream of good will, when men will no longer wage their bitter conflicts and when the brotherhood of man will be a reality, not a phrase.

Strip War of Glitter If we can ever succeed In stripping war of its false glamour we shall have done more for the cause of world peace than all the treaties in the world can ever do. War has a romantic glitter—provided you haven t seen it at close range. That glitter, that glamour, that romantic, drum-and-trumpet quality that invest the fighting man and the fighting ship with an aura more exciting and colorful than anything in our workaday world, are precisely the things that, make it easy for nations to go to war. Here is an example: Embedded in the sandy shore of Lake Erie, near the town of Vermillion, 0., are the decayed timbers of some long-forgotten ship. The timbers have been there since the boyhood of the town’s earliest inhabitant. No one knows what ship it was that drove upon the sands there, perhaps a century ago, and was ouried in them as the drifting years passed. No one knows —and, until recently, no one cared. But not long ago some antiquarian or other announced his belief that, this rotting hulk was the wreck of one of the British warships captured by Commodore Perry in the battle of Lake Erie. Perry, having captured his famous “two ships, two brigs, one schooner and one sloop," undertook to get them to American ports. One of the vessels, however, was so riddled by shot that it was not worth the effort. So, according to the antiquarian’s story, Perry removed its stores and equipment and let it go ashore, a total loss. When this story came out, interest in the old hulk was suddenly stimulated. Metropolitan papers wrote stories about it. People came to look at the old timbers, poke at them, and moon over them. An old wreck—that was nothing: but the hulk of an oldtime war vessel was something exciting, something worth going to see, something fit to be talked about and thought about. Why should a wrecked warship be more picturesque what a wrecked grain carrier? Why have we built up this false romance about war? Perry’s battle with the British squadron was exiting, to be sure. But it was no more exciting than the peaceful deeds of the early Great Lakes merchant seamen. The hardy sailors who took their clumsy brig and schooners up the lakes, exploring the unknown bays and islands and carrying the first of the cargoes that were to build up the whole middle west, surely did as much for their country as Perry’s fighters. Peace is infinitely more romantic than war, if you look at it in the right way. Once we realize that fact, world peace will be in eight. What Byrd Is Up Against The ordinary map fails to give one a true perspective on geography. Many people, for example, are unable to understand just why Comander Byrd's aerial explorations on the Antarctic continent should be such prodigious undertakings. It will help you to grasp the extent of Byrd’s job ts you realize that the Antarctic continent Is half again as large as the whole United States. Consider, an top of that, that the whole area is entirely uninnaWted and covered with ice and snow, criss-crossed bf high mountains and swept by terrific storms. hi that way you con see why Byrd's job is so

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tremendous. Suppose that the United States were a frost-bound, uninhabited wilderness, and that some daring aviator were to fly from Boston to a point in western Nebraska, under the necessity of getting back without landing anywhere en route. Then you can realize what Byrd is up against. Pushing Back the Veil Science pushes out its explorations in time as well as in space. While certain scientists are drawing up plans for a telescope to extend their knowledge of the heavens another trillion times a trillion miles, other scientists are seeking to penetrate the veil that hides the past history of the earth. The layman will be interested particularly in the attempts to piece together the early history of man. It is a paradox that it is easier to explore a star, twenty trillion miles aw’ay, than it is to explore our own earth. The star is in plain view. But who knows where to look within the earth for evidence of man’s past? Discoveries of ancient human or pre-human remains have been few and far between. A skull, jawbone and thigh bone found in Java, a skull and jawbone in Piltdown, Eng., a jawbone at Heidelberg, a few teeth near Peiping. This is the slender evidence upon which discussion of mans beginning hinges. There are, of course, plenty of skulls and skeletal remains of the cave man period, but these do not apply to the problem of the “missing link.” Scientists, therefore, are elated with the discovery of ten headless skeletons and one skull in the same quarry near Peiping where the two teeth were found. Perhaps these will throw light upon the question. As Dr. Gerrit S. Miller Jr., curator of the division of mammals of the United States National museum, points out in the report of the Smithsonian institution, there is a wide divergence of opinion on the subject of the "missing link.” He writes, “We should not hesitate to confess that in the place of demonstrable links between man and other mammals we now possess nothing more than some fossils so fragmentary that they are susceptible of being interpreted either as such links or as something else.” The Java skull is thought to be the oldest of the skulls. Dr. Miller points out that in 1896 the opinions of nineteen writers were divided, five regarded the skull as simian, seven as human, and seven as an intermediate or connecting link. “The controversy which thus began has not yet ended,” he adds, proceeding to list fifteen points of disagreement among modem authorities. He sums up the situation when he writes, “The things most needed now are more fossils and many of them.” Maybe the Peiping discovery will help answer the riddle.

The Boulder Dam Mess Tire government is in a mess over Boulder dam, and it need not have been if Secretary Wilbur had adopted the plan for handling power contemplated by congress and recommended by his predecessor in ifflee and most of the engineers and fact finders who studied the project. Congress expected the secretary of interior to build, equip and operate the Boulder dam power plant and sell power wholesale to cities, states or private power companies. It provided the necessary funds. As the house of representatives passed the bill, this procedure was mandatory. Senate amendments, however, provided alternative provisions for disposing of the power, if necessary, and Wilbur intends to proceed under these. He has divided the power rights at the dam between public and private agencies and will require them to equip the plant and operate it jointly. So he has come into conflict with all the proviso and safeguards congress wrote into the bill, to make sure that cities and states should have preference over private companies in getting power. There is grave doubt as to whether Los Angeles can meet all the conditions imposed upon her. And the fate of the great project which was to be a bulwark to the southwest against flood and drought is uncertain.

REASON B y FR I E = K

OINCE everybody else has submitted a cure for crime, we feel it is up to us to make it unanimous so here goes. We should rent all our criminal courts for garages, send all of our criminal lawyers to the gather all the technical pleas, all the lousy delays, all the red tape, all the fake insanity, all the rotten alibis, all the packed juries and all the perjured witnesses and dump them into the ash can. after which w r e should take the tariff off hemp and organize a vigilance committee in every' town and township. 808 The treasury reports that a lot of counterfeit SIOO bills are in circulation, but nobody but the bootleggers has seen any of them. B b a This recent crash in stocks is nothing alongside the fall in value of Pennsylvania voters on the hoof since Vare's physician has informed him that his health is such that he can not enter into a race with Grundy for the senatorial nomination. M B B BILLY SUNDAY declared in Kansas City that long skirts maan bondage for the ladies, from which we gather that Billy w’ould rather see their declarations of independence. m u n The society people of Washington are complaining because the Hoovers are not going to give many parties, but the rest of the country wall not lose any sleep if they extend the water pitcher rather than the loving cup. The Mrs. Gann episode was enough to cause them to become irresistibly fascinated by the simple life. bbb OF course. Mayor Kellogg of Lynhurst, Ind., was overenthusiastic when he drew a gun and threatened to shoot the common council, but at that it is a lot more refreshing than if the mayor had been caught cake-w3lking with graft. BUB Even if the council carries out its threat and impeaches the mayor, he should worry. He can engage a good ghost writer and sign syndicated articles for the newspapers and the magazines. 888 The Governor of Indiana would handle bandits by stationing sharpshooters in high towers to be built around our cities, but it would be a lot cheaper to put them on stilt*, or they could just sit up in trees. B -B B Something is radically wrong out in Los Angeles —since last month nobody lias sued Pan';ages for a million dollars.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Figure It as You Will, S'at More Than One-third of the World Can Be Considered as Civilized. HAITI symbolizes a universal problem. What our attitude Fhould be toward certain Latin American countries is submerged in the greater question of what the attitude of all civilized governments should be toward the semi-civilized world. Civilization believes In itself. Otherwise, it would have little excuse for existence. When civilization imposes Its ideas on other people, whether by missionaries or the sword, it does so with the conviction that it is benefiting them. Call it tyranny, imperialism or exploitation, as you prefer, but those people who know how to do things, who want to do them, and who need material with which to do them, will make others behave while they work. That is a basic law of progress, if not human nature. * * u It has led to abuses, of course, but what law of progress oV human nature has not? Out of it has developed the colonial system, the theory of title by conquest, the assumed right of peaceful penetration. Belief in their own peculiar ways, rather than greed, has inspired civilized countries to extend their trade, set up their standards, and take control of other lands. tt tt tt U. S. in Peculiar Position WE AMERICANS oppose the system, which is paradoxical, considering that our own country came into existence as one of its

by-products. We contend that all peoples should be allowed to govern themselves, regardless of condition, experience, or training, and that by some caprice of inscrutable fate, they are fit to do so. The irony of it is that we find ourselves compelled to deny some of them the privilege. Not only that, but we find it necessary to excuse other nations for doing the same thing on a much grander scale. tt m tt Though by inference we denounce England for remaining in India, or France for entering Morocco and Syria, or Italy for taking possession of Tripoli, w r e actually are glad, because it promises new raw material and new markets for our industries. What is more to the point, we encourage our industries to invest capital, establish branch houses, and do everything else that seems desirable for their expansion. We do this, moreover, with the certain knowledge that unless some responsible government exists in the countries where they operate, they will get into trouble and yell for protection.

Noble, but Puzzling ALL the while, however, we preach democracy, which is just another illustration of how civilized people persist in propagating their ideas. China, we say, must be let alone, no matter how much disturbance she creates, and the Philippines must be liberated as soon as we can fit them for self-government. All of which is very noble and very satisfying. But our marines are in Haiti and Nicaragua, and when it comes to naming a day for Philippine independence, we quibble. bbb One can not review the general setup without realizing that no matter what civilized countries pretend, they are unwilling to take the risk of permitting the semi-civi-lized world to run its own affairs, just as they are unwilling to take the risk of letting the mob run a city. Hitherto they have undertaken to maintain order through independent conquest and colonization, which has led to the development of vast empires, to a conflict of interests and to war. There seems no remedy for the system except some kind of substitute, which will permit civilized countries to run the world in concert, and that is where a League of Nations or a World Court comes in. nun One-Third Civilized Figure it as you will, by no stretch of the imagination can more than one-third of the world be regarded as civilized, whether from the standpoint of politics, religion. commerce, culture or science. By the same token, the one-third that is civilized can not be prevented from believing in its superior intelligence or exercising its superior power. That being so, we have little choice except to continue the old imperialistic system, or act together on an agreed set of principles. In other words, mandates as Wilson planned, or the old order of colonization, imperialism and conflict.

Daily Thought

Breach for breach, eye for eye. tooth for tooth; as he hath caused a blemish in a man, so shall it be done to him.—Leviticus 24:20. 808 Equality is the share of every one at their advent upon earth, and equality is also theirs when placed upon it.—Ninon de Lenclos. Has scientific zero, the complete absence of heat, ever been attained? The nearest approach to it was by Professor W. H. Keesom, chief of the cryogenic laborator, at the University of Leyden, Netherlands, in June. 1929. He accomplished the difficult and hazardous feat of solidifying helium gas. obtaining a temperature of 458.58 degrees below zero Fahrenheit, or 273.1 degrees below zero qfntrigrade.

“With a Song in Our Heart"

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The Good God Meant Her to Serve

DEAR Friend:—On a winter’s night a long time ago, when I was little tad, I had my face pressed to the winter pane, and was gazig in childish wonder at te aurora borealis display, and I asked my good mother what it was. She said that on one knew, but that she believed that the softly glowing fires were good deeds and human love sent out into the world to live forever. A beautiful expression. You ask me why I go to the country for my annual Christmas story? For one thing, simplicity and romance seern to grbw sweetest away from the pavements. I love the snow-covered cottages: the stillness of a frosty morning; the big barns and haystacks; the straggling fences: the old homes with rag carpets and fireplaces; the winding roads and ice-covered ponds. The laughter of children as they trudge along to the school house is the sweetest music in the world. Also, I love the big-souled people who open both their hearts and homes to you, once they discover that you are their kind. I was born in a country setting and, in spirit, I still belong to it. In fancy my feet carry me over the hill to the grove back of the old Auslin place. It is sparkling winter there now, and the place is populated by scolding bluejays and brilliant redbirds, while rabbits play in the snow beneath the evergreens. There, hidden in a thicket, I find my bag of tricks, just as I felt it a year ago. I untie the string and pour out the contents—pure gold—human love, tenderness, sympathy; helpfulness and understanding. From these I build my simple story and carry you, my friend, to a Christmas in 1881, and then to the bedside of Aunt Libby Whaley. You should know her. I’m certain that you do know her. Think of the woman whom you have loved and honored most; assemble her wonderful qualities of heart and mind; crowd your brain with memories of her good deeds and usefulness—and there you have Aunt Libby Whaley, aunt to every person in our little village and loved by all. att a THE Good God placed some women on earth to serve. They never give even a fleeting thought to self. They are present when babies arrive to bless us, and they are at the bedside of pain and suffering. They close the eyes of the dying in a final sleep and they have an especial brand of glorified love for children. Aunt Libby Whaley helped peop'e to live. She was a disciple of laughter. Men lift their hats when they speak of the Aunt Libbys of the world, and they should. Her home was a little white cottage on the edge of town, and well do I remember her morning glories, “pineys,” sweet williams and nasturtiums. Flowers loved her and bloomed for her. In winter the neighboring boys, of whom I was one, dug the paths in the snow, and ate caraway seed cookies in Aunt Libby’s spotless kitchen while warming our frosted toes at her wood fire. There came a day when she broke down, just went to pieces, like an old buggy. Old Dr. Brewster waggled his gray head and said that she might live on “for a spell.’’ but she never would get up again. Aunt Libby took the news smiling. “The Good Lord can have me when He wants me,” she said. “I'm a happy woman, rich in my friends and the love of the children.’’ But there was a dark side to the picture. Resting on the cottage with crushing weight was a $450 mortgage, and Squire Thorndyke held it. She had paid him 8 per cent interest, and both principal and interest was overdue. There was very little money in the cracked pitcher on the pantry shelf. That pitcher was Aunt Libby’s bank, and as long as there was money in the pitcher, it belonged to those who had greater need of it than she did. 808 SQUIRE THORNDYKE was the town money lender, and that means that he was hated as well as feared.- He was tall and spare and had tufted eyebrows that made him

BY A. M. HOPKIN

r look, when he had donned his spectacles, like an owl. He never set foot inside of the church, and that was sufficient to damn him forever in our estimation’. At night there seldom was a light to be seen in the gloomy Thorndyke mansion and we children, on the way home from prayer meeting, would hold hands and run past his home. We were afraid of something, and did not know what. The good women of our little church, always walling, were helpful. In relays they w r ere at Aunt Libby’s bedside and the farmers stocked the place with vegetables in abundance and filled the shed with hard maple firewood. The mortgage was a different. story and a tragic one. Four hundred and fifty dollars loom as high as the Alps in a community such as ours was. It was proposed to send a committee to Squire Thorndyke, but I think even the grown folks were afraid, and so the plan fell through. Christmas time came and ours was a white world. My! My! how it snowed, and umrd came from the cottage that Aunt Libby still was smiling; that she must see the children, and that all her life she had yearned for a Christmas tree of her very own; and that she was still convinced that God was in His heaven and that all was right with the world. To be sure, she should have her Christmas tree, and what fun we boys had when we went for it into the depths of Cochran’s woods. If it had been the only evergreen in the township, Aunt Libby w'ould have possessed it. The tree was set by her bedside, and she was like a child in her tremulous eagerness to see the candles placed on its branches. She wanted to help, and the best she could do was to lay on her pillow and smile. There was open house on Christmas day at the cottage. Every person who could walk or hobble paid their friend a visit, and old Mr. Alvord, who had not been out of hi.s home in years, limped in on crutches. Few' of the visitors came empty handed. Outside was cold and snowdrifts. Inside warmth and good cheer. Aunt Libby looked as sweet as a child in her lace cap. When some cautious person would have stopped the flow 7 of visitors, she said: “Let them all come in, especially the children. I must see them and touch them with my hands.’’ She knew all of the names, the Bobbies and Tommys; the Doras and Elizabeths, and she said: “If the Good Lord should call me tonight, it w'ould be like stepping from one heaven into another.” n tt NIGHT had come and the lamps were glowing and the candles on the tree had been lighted. I was standing by the bed and Aunt Libby had kissed me and was holding my hand. The door swung open, admitting a blast of cold air—and Squire Thorndyke. He Looked neither to the left nor right, and we shrank back as he approached the bed. He appeared bonier and thinner than usdal, and his great eyebrows fairly bristled. “Got you down at last, eh, Lib?” he said. “I’m a citizen of this community and while no one invited me, why shouldn't I come to your party?” No one spoke. I think we were dumb with astonishment. We felt that something tremendous was about to happen—and it did. From the depths of his long black coat he drew a paper, cleared his throat, and then began reading. I was too young to know that he was covering, in detail, line by line, a first mortgage that dated back I don’t know how many years; a mortgage on the white cottage and the woodshed and the morning glories in summer, and the very room in which the invalid was bedfast, and that it was in favor of Squire Thorndyke and signed by Elizabeth Josephine Whaley, spinster. I did understand, faintly, when he turned the paper over and read these words: “The notes secured by the within mortgage, both principal and interest, have beexf paid and

fully satisfied, and this mortgage Is hereby canceled of record,” and it was signed and witnessed. The old man laid the document on Aunt Libby’s breast, and then he did a most gracious thing: He lifted her hand and kissed it, and in a voice that was not harsh at all, he said: "Merry Christmas, Libby.” He strode to the doorway. The people about him might have been made of wood or stone for all the attention he gave them. He pulled the door open and then, in a voice that sounded like a trumpet, he fairly shouted: “Did you think that I w r as a damned Shylock, and that Christmas means nothing to ME?” He was gone, out into the night. O love and tenderness and sweetness of thought and deed! Is there a heart that can not be softened, or a soul so shriveled that it can not respond to the finer impulses? u u a T HEARD a sob and Aunt Libby was crying. I had to live many years before I knew that good women often weep when they are happiest. It is their tender means of expression. Perhaps you know about this, too. The last I saw of Aunt Libby—the last time I ever saw’ her—was as we left her bedside and she looked like a blessed saint as she lay in the gentle glow of the lights of her very own Christmas tree. Over her heart was the canceled mortgage, her certificate of liberty, a hallowed document that had served to iron the wrinkles out of a man’s heart. Thank God she lived for many more good and useful years; lived to prove that old Dr. Brewster had failed to reckon with that most wonderful of elixirs, human love pressed down and running over; lived to mother anew generation of children who would rise up and call her blessed. We tramped along in the snow under the stars, too dazed to talk, and soon we were in our own cottage with the fire blazing. Father went to the piano and struck a few vibrant chords. He was deeply moved by the events of the evening, and so, by the firelight w f e sang “Praise God From Whom All Blessings Flow’,” and we little folks scampered away to our beds in the cold room up under the eaves. Through the window I could see the northern lights, streaking the sky with color. Had another beautiful thought and evidence of human love been sent out Into the w’orld to shine forever and ever? Merry Christmas!

Questions and Answers

What is the value of a United States half dime dated 1838? From 6 to 15 cents. What does the name Alice mean? Noble, or noble cheer. What are the ages of Gilda Gray and Dolores Del Rio? Gilda Gray is 28 and Dolores Del Rio is 23. Do the marines belong to the army or the navy? The navy. What Ls the strongest muscle in the human body? The serratus magnus, the large muscle of the back. What Is the strongest species of bird? The ostrich is probably the strongest bird. It is noted for its ability to pull heavy loads and for its fleetness of foot. When brought to bay the ostrich uses its strong legs as weapons. How many persons were killed and injured by air raids on England during the World war? The number killed was 1,570 and injured 3,941. Os these, 4,750 were civilians. The raids were made by 110 dirigibles and airplanes.

DEC. 25, im

SCIENCE Bv DAVID DIETZ

IVar on Cancer on a Large Scale Will Be Launched by Surgeons S 7 cxt Year. PLANS for a war on cancer on a larger scale than ever before attempted are being made by the American College of Surgeons, the nation's most important surgical organization. The offensive against the dread disease will be launched in 1930. Clinics will be held in cities in all sections of the nation, according to Dr. Bowman C. Crowell, chairman of the organization's committee on the archives of malignant diseases. Sectional meetings of the American College of Surgeons will beheld at the same time. The organization has 9,000 members, including the leading surgeons of the United States. Members of the society will be asked to send their cases to the clinics. Complete records of all cases will be made at the clinics and sent to the organization’s department of clinical research in Chicago. Records indicate that death from cancer is on the increase. In 1920 the death rate from cancer in the United States was 834 per million people. In 1924 the rate had risen to 920. A large part of the increase probably is due to the keeping of better records and the more frequent diagnosis of the disease due to the increased attention being paid to it. It also is thought that cancer w appearing more frequently in old age because more people are living to old age. The death rate from childhood contagious diseases is being steadily reduced. a tt tt Increase MANY authorities, however, feel that even if after due allowance is made for all these causes which lead to an apparent increase in the cancer rate, that there still remains a small real increase in the rate. Cancer is a malignant growth. These growths show sufficient variety to lead most authorities to the opinion that cancer is not a single disease, but a group of diseases exhibiting similar features. The two chief types of cancers are the carcinomata, malignant growths of the skin and other epithelial tissues, and the sarcomata, malignant growths which appear in the connective tissues of the body. Cancers appear so frequently in the wake of chronic irritations of long standing that it is assumed—though it can not be proved—that there is a connection between the two. Thus the constant chewing of the betel nut in parts of Asia appear to lead to cancer of the inside of cheek. The constant smoking of a clay pipe appears to lead to cancer of the lip. The cause of cancer is not known. Attempts to show that certain organisms or bacteria play a role in the formation of cancer have not been proved. All that is known at the present time is that for some reason a group of cells in the body begins to grow wild. The factors which keep the cells at their proper size and number no longer seem to function. The cells multiply rapidly in size and number. At the same time, certain changes in the character of the cells take place. The result Is a cancer. tt a tt Surgery AT present, there are only three methods of treating cancersurgery, x-ray and radium. Blair Bell's method of treatment by injection of colloidal lead is still in the experimental stage. While it has brought striking results in certain cases, it still is considered highly dangerous. The successful treatment of cancer consists in an early diagnosis and treatment. As the cancer grows, cells break loose from it and are carried, chiefly by the lymph system oi me body, to other parts of the body. This result in the growth of secondary cancers or metastases in all parts of the body. Once the process of metastasis has set in, the case is incurable. Consequently, the ability of the medical man to save the life of the patient depends entirely upon the patient coming to him before metastasis has occurred. Many people are afraid to consult a physician for fear that he will diagnose a growth as cancer. Thy should realize that if it is cancer—and it should be remembered that every growth ts not necessarily cancer—their only hope of life lies in having it recognized and treated immediately. Authorities agree that the chance of perfect recovery are extremely good when early surgical treatment is given.

“It qoAVf i6^th£F

BLUEBEARD EXECUTED Dec. 25

ON DEC. 25, 1440, Baron Giles and Retz. the famous Bluebeard of France, was executed at Nantes on the order of the Duke of Brittany. He was burned alive. Historians relate that it was around the baron that the legend of Bluebeard and his seven wives has beer woven. As the story goes, Bluebeard married seven women—six of whom mysteriously disappeared and the seventh was given a test of obedience. She was given the keys to ail of the castle but was enjoined not to open a certain chamber. She disobeyed and discovered the bones of her predecessors. And barely escaped being murdered by her irate husband by the timely arrival of her brothers. De Retz’s castle, La Variere, still may be seen on the banka of the Erde, the Lower Loire.