Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 187, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 December 1929 — Page 4

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Government by Gunmen The charge by an Indianapolis newspaper man that an effort had been made to assassinate him because of his insistence on federal investigation of crime in northern Indiana is too serious to be overlooked by the highest officials of the government. If true, it means that we have government by gunmen in this state and that any one who dares to demand an end to the reign of gangsters, election crooks and bootleggers invites execution by the new rulers. If it does nothing more than to call to the attention of very high authorities, and President Hoover would not be too high to take an interest, the peculiar conditions in the Calumet swiftly and may be remedied. The history of the investigation has not been such as to give confidence to the people who prefer a government of law to one by gangsters. Many months ago the charge was openly made that in the elections of 1926 and 1928 vast frauds had been perpetrated at the polls. It was charged specifically that in the 1928 election truck loads of colored voters had been imported from Chicago, carried from precinct to precinct, and voted repeatedly. The size of the vote in Lake county was such as to invite suspicion. It was many more thousands than the number of legal voters estimated by either party or reasonably expected from the census reports. When the grand jury met to make an investigation, the district attorney w r as on a vacation and returned only after widespread criticism of his absence. One jury listened to evidence. It recommended that the inquiry be continued. There was delay in calling anew jury. The statute of limitations was running against any possible exposures as to 1926. Finally there came a demand for special assistance. The government sent two or three special attorneys from Washington. One of them had an Indiana back ground of politics that gave little hope of real action. Another was heralded as the most expert man on the drawing of indictments. The jury listened to evidence, much evidence, and proceeded to indict the mayor of one city, the police force of another and numerous bootleggers. The jury indicted no one for an election fraud. But the dry raiders for the government were able to find hundreds of booze violators. There had been no raids for three years of any importance. The charge was openly made that immunity had been given to the bootleggers in return for votes at the elections. It is significant, and more than significant, that the local authorities apparently had made no effort to curb the activities of the criminal element, so easily found when public opinion forced attention to that locality. The record since then is even less assuring. At the first hearings, one big batch of alleged conspirators was turned loose because the court held that the indictment, the product of the government expert, was so faulty that even the poorest lawyers could find the flaws. Two men who appeared before the grand jury and gave, so it is reported, evidence against the gang, were killed. They were killed immediately after their testimony. The government ordered the marshal to put on a force to protect witnesses. But one citizen of that county prominent in forcing inquiries, has hired his own private guard to protect his life. Up to date the batting average of the gangsters has been nearly a thousand. Two witnesses against them have been killed. Another charges that an effort was made to murder him Decause he discovered evidence of frauds : nd corruption. There have been a tew small fines, a few short sentences and many suspended ones, for bootleggers who confessed to violation of the law. Thus far the government has indicted no one for election frauds. It has convicted no one of importance. It did not even send flowers to the funerals of its witnesses. Business and the Farmer The United States Chamber of Commerce, through its agricultural service department committee, has Indorsed the "principle” of co-operative marketing and the creation of the federal farm board. The conclusions of the committee, we are told, are the result of study since last October. But "at the same time attention is called to the fact that the national chamber advocates co-operative marketing and measures in support of it only insofar as they are not discriminatory against other business enterprise.” This conclusion is self-contradictory. Is the chamber’s conclusion a revelation of the attitude of business toward the farm relief program? The farm board has created a wheat marketing cooperative through which It is hoped the bulk of the country's crop eventually may be handled. Similar corporations will be organized for other commodities. inevitably will mean the displacement of some dealers —men, and others who col-

The Indianapolis Times (A BCRIPPB-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned and publlubed daily (except Sunday) by Tbe Indianapolis Tlmea Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis. Ind Price In Marion County, 2 cents a copy: elsewhere. 3 cents delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOYD CURLEY, ROY W. HOWARD. FRANK G. MORRISON, Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 5531 MONDAY. DEC. 16, 1929, Member of lulled Press, Bcrlppg-Howard Newspapet Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Assoelation. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

lect toll on every bushel of grain the fanner raises. It is the idea of the farm board that the growers themselves should market their produce, and put in their own pockets the money they have been paying others to do it for them. The farmers would control output, distribution own other processes. The government agreed to foster and advise cooperatives and supply them with funds when the equalization fee, the export debenture, and other 'suggested measures were turned down. The farm board has been doing what the law contemplated. The purpose of co-operative marketing is to eliminate some middle men in the interest of economy and efficiency. If the chamber accepts the principle of cooperative marketing, the chamber can not complain when co-operative marketing achieves its purpose. Solution of the farm problem will benefit the country as a whole. It is hoped that these business interests represented by the chamber will find it possible to go along with the farm board, even though a few toes are trod upon. Start In Right Place The Christmas season is a funny time of year, when you stop to think about it. For a brief two or three weeks we seem to step out of our ordinary characters. We take on a generosity and a thoughtfulness that we don’t exhibit very much at other times. We let other people’s poverty and misery bother us, and we try to do what we can to help. In every city in the land people are joining hands to bring happiness to the homes of the unfortunate. Coal, flour, meat and clothing are being got together for families that stand to be cold and hungry this winter. Newspapers, luncheon clubs, charitable organizations and other groups are collecting toys, boxes of candy and so on for children who are looking forward to a barren holiday. There will be turkey dinners for folks who haven’t had a good, square meal for weeks. All in all, people are really going to a good deal of trouble to see that those who are less lucky, less well supplied with this world’s goods get an even break on Christmas. This is mighty encouraging. No one can look on this spectacle—tlois sudden flare-up of generosity and kindness on the part of millions of people—without getting anew faith in human nature. But we’re a strange race, at that. For we tend to confine our generosity and our thoughtfulness to this one period of the year. Around Christmas time we get so that we’re bothered by the thought that there are people in our town who haven't got as much as we have. It makes us unhappy to think of them; so unhappy that we get I busy and do something about, it. But during the rest of the year it doesn’t worry j us. We don’t take time to think about it. The people i that we help at Christmas time can fight their own battles—and lose them, too—from January to December. Generosity is a beautiful thing. But why should we display it only on two weeks out of the whole year? We don't really amount to quite as much as we think we do. We’re not quite as good, or as kind, or | as noble, as we suppose. If we could only carry over. Into every-day life, the sensitiveness and consideration that we display around Chrismas, we could make this into a pretty fine sort of world. The job of building the city of God, right here on this trouble-stained earth, isn’t half as hard as it’s cracked up to be. It would be dead easy if we'd start in the right place. And where is that right place? Right in our own hearts, of course. Put into your daily life the anxiety about your fellow man’s welfaie that you display on Christmas, and you’ll have done your part. That’s al there is to it. Simple, isn’t it? One of these days, won’t we be able to do it? j Paying College Athletes College athletes should be paid, and college ath-. letics handled as a business proposition, in the opinion of Dr. George K. Carothers of the University! of Michigan. If a football star can swell gate re- j ceipts by his performances, he is entitled to SIO,OOO or $15,000 a year, the doctor thinks. Perhaps. The suggestion has at least the merit of recognizing the commercialism of college athletics, about which there has been so much complaint. It would make the whole thing above board. But it overlooks the fact that the business of colleges is to educate, a fact Dr. Carothers’ colleagues no doubt will be quick to bring to his attention. Football percentages would supplant academic achievement. Moreover, out-and-out commercialism would destroy much of the attraction of college athletics. There wouldn't be the thrill in watching a paid performer go through his paces that there is in the case of a youngster playing for love of the game and his school So with the suggestion of Dean James D. Hoskins of the University of Tennessee that credits be given for football. This would be in the nature of a reward, and the conferring of recognition for brawn rather than brains. Imagine a "doctor of football!” A Massachusetts professor says women teachers are feminizing the thought of the nation. There must be some reason why men smoke cigarets, at that. A hunting party has gone in search of the grylloblatta, an ir~ect that lives at the foot of glaciers. That's about the only thing not included in the tariff list. A Rochester professor says there are 507 known annoyances in the world. Wonder if there’s a place on the list for the dentist who smiles when he sticks that burr in your teeth. You probably have heard of Calvin Coolidge. He is.the father of John Coolidge. A man in Kansas married to get out of jail. Sometones you have to take what comes. Stories from Canada tell of the Doukhobors running around without any clothes on. That must be some kind of bathing beach society. One of these times tbe Russians are going to attack the Chinese on a day that is not their turn and that tembe news.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

As the Recent War Proved, It Is Becoming Harder and Harder for Nations Not to Take One Side or the Other. THE Haitian rumpus reaches this country, with 500 communists demonstrating in New York, and 50 in Washington. The communists | claiming that they were expressing ! their sympathy for Haiti. The way they went at It left the J impression that what really touched their hearts was the rumpus. Not pausing to argue that point, they blocked traffic, and if freedom of speech is desirable, so is freedom of movement. * * * President Hoover is right In believing that communists should not be exalted as martyrs by spending a night in jail. A better way should be merely to clear the streets and let them alone. A better way still, would be to set aside a park, or some other convenient place, where they could hold forth without being interfered with, or interfering with others. As things stand, free speech and free traffic are in constant conflict, of course, is unnecessary.

000 Think All Must Fight COMMUNISTS and the British government appear to have one idea in common. That is that we’re all going to become belligerents. Without analyzing the communist proposition, the British government reasons that the Kellogg pact ends neutrality. The reasoning rung something like this: Since all nations, or practically all, have signed a treaty outlawing war, it follows that any nation making war is an outlaw, and that the rest must be arrayed in opposition. Eventually, that may happen. Just now, we are betting on the hope that everybody will keep a contract, without any authority to enforce it. 0 0 0 If this hope turns sour, as it may, it will be time enough to think of something else. Until then, however, signatories of the Kellogg pact will look to public opinion for support, and evade the responsibility of flying to arms every time some government breaks it. Os course, the possibility of a country remaining neutral is shrivelling every day, not only because of the Kellogg pact, but because of the modern economic structure. e As the recent war proved, it is growing harder and harder for nations! not to take one side or the other. Still Switzerland remained neutral, though right in the center of the melee, and so did Holland, Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Spain. 0 It’s Stupendous Task IT will be a long time before every conflict will be accepted as a signal for general strife, or before we can dismiss the problem of ignoring neutral rights, on the ground that neutrality has become obsolete One can believe that the world is approaching a situation in which the great governments not are only willing to establish an international court, but. an international police force to back it up, and still realize that the accomplishment is centuries away. We are dealing with a stupendous conception, a conception that repeals many of our pet traditions and ideals. Nothing less than sheer idiocy supposes that it can be translated into effective action over night, 000 Under present conditions, the thought of such a super-sovereignty is too jarring for complete acceptance. Though great governments may be willing to bind themselves not to make war individually, and though public opinon may be against war in times of tranquility, even civilized nations have not arrived at a point where they are ready to pool interests for the sake of world-wide law enforcement. Wisely enough, they are attacking the problem cautiously—trying out methods and compacts in a tentative way. Some folks denounce this as hypocrisy, declaring that statesmen are doing merely no more than they must to keep the people quiet, and that their real purpose is to leave the peace movement so weak that it will crumble the first strain. 000 "Lay the ax to the root of the tree.” say these folks. "If the idea is good, let’s put it into effect; if hot, let’s abandon it.” Fine, but things are not done that way, especially big things. Once in a while human nature turns a complete somersault. The French did in 1789 and the Russians in 1917. The American revolution was better planned—and left far less to do over again.

Questions and Answers

What will b€ the cost of the new Internal Revenue building and the new Commerce building in Washington? The estimated cost of the Internal Revenue building is $17,500,000, and for the Department of Commerce building, $10,000,000. These costs include removal of the old buildings, and for the Commerce building $850,000 is included for the land. Is the Spanish almond different from the almonds grown in the United States? The Spanish almond is a type very similar to the American almond, although it is a trifle darker. There is little difference in the taste. Who are the American ambassadors* to Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Pern? Argentina, Robert Woods Bliss; Brazil, Edwin V. Morgan; Chile, William S. Culbertson, and Peru, jtftexander P. Moore, i

Who Says a Mans Home Is His Castle?

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Gerson Treatment Isn’t Sure ‘T.B. ’Cure

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of tbe American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. AMERICAN correspondents for the last few months have been sending from Europe encomiums for anew method of treating tuberculosis credited to Dr. Gerson, who, it seems, has been working with the famous Professor Sauerbruch, widely known for his discoveries in connection with surgery of the chest in tuberculosis. The Gerson diets have been studied in many institutions and results are beginning to appear which define their limitations. As was found to be the case with other methods of treating tuberculosis, such good effects as are reported seem to concern tuberculosis of the skin or lupus partic-

IT SEEMS TO ME * H, SS°

SOME little time ago a prison warden told me of a mutiny, or to be more precise, a mutinous mood which occurred in his penitentiary and of the manner in which it ended. It seemed to me a good newspaper story, and I asked him if I could use it. He said "No,” because he felt that it might appear as if he were starring himself. But I hate to see a good yam go to waste, and my friend can hardly object if I call him “A” and refer to the institution as “X” penitentiary. Nor will I attempt at this late date to give the story precisely in his own words, which i have forgottn. I remember better the impression which his tale created. For the sake of convenience we will pretend that “A” is speaking, the incidents are wholly his, the words are largely mine. 000 The Story “■w/’OU know there had been a A series of outbreaks during the summer at various places and so naturally I was looking for trouble," "Besides there’s always a good deal of excitement when the parole board meets. Late in the afternoon one of the guards told me things weren’t right. He couldn’t pin his thumb down on anything special, but the men were restless. “By night-time nobody needed to tell me that. My house is inside the walls and all night long there was a hum along the cell blocks. It meant the men were talking. Not loud, you understand, but we had them crowded in close. The funny thing about it was that all this detached whispering and husky muttering around seemed to work into a kind of a rhythm. I saw a place once that had natives way off in a jungle beating a tomtom and this was like that. “The night was sticky hot and I

House Plants

With fall here and winter around the corner, the lover of plants and flowers, turns to her house plants. Our Washington Bureau has ready for you a emprehensive bulletin on the successful growing and care "of house plants. It tells all about what varieties can successfully be grown in window boxes and pots, about 'Oil, about plant diseases, about watering and care. It contains everything you want to know about house plants. Fill out the coupon below and send for it: CLIP COUPON HERE _ HORTICULTURAL EDITOR, Washington Bureau, The Indianapolis Times, 1322 New York avenue. Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin HOUSE PLANTS, and enclose herewith five cents in coin, or loose, uncancelled United States postage stamps, to cover postage and handling costs: Name Street and No Cit* State l am a reader of The Indianapolis Times (Code No.)

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE.

ularly. Tire Gerson diets emphasize the taking of mineral salts and vitamins. Os special note is the final opinion just voiced by Professor Felix Klemperer, the well-known tuberculosis expert of Berlin, who has completed Dome studies of the Gerson diets. Professor Klemperer is willing to grant that the Gerson diet may have a favorable effect on lupus or tuberculosis of the skin, but he has not been impressed by the results in tuberculosis of the bones and joints and he has not been convinced that the method is of importance for treating tuberculosis of the lungs. The views of Professor Klemperer are supported, incidentally, by an announcement made by Dr. Schwalm, who is in charge of one of

didn’t sleep any better than the men in the cells and corridors. The jail throbbßd, all night. "In the morning I decided to do something about it and I told the guards to tell the prisoners that I’d. talk to them late in the afternoon in the mess hall. For some reason or other I got all shaved and bathed and put on a white shirt and white flannel pants. I was sorry about that later, but at the time I guess I had some feeling that maybe this was my last shave and I might as well do things right. tt tt tt All Alone W KEN I started for the mess * hall along about 4:30 o’clock a storm was coming down the valley and things were getting black. We had about two thousand men in the mess hall. I didn’t have any guards up there with me on the platform. You know, this was to be a sort of a man-to-man talk and besides if a crowd really wants to-start a rush a few guards are no use anyhow. “It was getting blacker all the time. Not exactly black, but that fish-belly yellow color that comes just before the storm breaks. The lights were switched on. I didn’t get any hand fthen I stepped forward to speak. “I’ll tell you that scared me some. Even a warden generally has a right to figure that he has some friends in the crowd. Just as I was starting there was a smash-bang crash any every light in the place went out. “A bolt had struck the wire from the death house and put the circuit out of business. “This was the time I began to be sorry about the white shirt and the white pants. The only light came through the windows behind me and it was all mixed up with black scum out of the storm. “And there I was, a fat man in

the largest sanitoriums for the tubercular in Beriin. Dr. Schwalm treated twenty patients with the Gerson diet. In not one of the twenty did he find any noticeable improvement in the tuberculosis of the lungs. The increases in weight were only such as were regularly seen in the sanitarium in patients on the usual diet. There were furthermore no signs of detoxication. The cod liver oil and phosphorus used in the Gerson diets have long been used in the treatment of tuberculosis. The final statement is: “We have not been able to discover that the Gerson diet is superior to the diet commonly used at German sanitariums, which also takes due account of the vitamins and includes plenty of milk, fruit and vegetables.”

Ideals and eoinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers, and are presented without regard to their agreement or disaereement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

white pants, silhouetted in front of a couple of thousand prisoners who hadn’t slept very well. And I knew I was a shining mark for a crowd that sat there and didn’t even shuffle feet. 000 Works Fast HAD to work fast. It wasn’t A the spot to begin any long talk about overcrowding and food and what we were going; to do about it. Instead of that, I told them a funny story. At least, I thought it was a funny story. And then I must admit I went a little whiter than my shirt. Nobody laughed. "It was so dark by now I couldn’t see mere than a row in front of me. And there wasn't anything to hear. If they didn’t laugh, what were they doing? What were they up to? I told another story and that sunk all 4he way down to the botttom of the same black pit. "Os course, I was desperate now and I did a thing maybe I didn't have any right to do. I told them another story, but this was a different kind of a story. "It was the sort of a story that oughtn’t to be told in a prison. It was the dirtiest story I knew. And they laughed. Not just a few of them; the whole crowd. It ran all the way up and down the room. "I knew now where we all stood. I took time out to mop my forehead and while I was mopping, the lights came on. After that I talked about food and things, and they cheered when I was done. "But, of course, it was the story that saved me from a jail break. A fellow I never met before or since told It to me on a train just pulling out of Utica.” A complete report of the incident ought to include the story, but the warden never told it to me. 'Copvrißht. 1929. bv The Times'

Daily Thought

Better it is that thou shouidest not vow, than that thou shouidest vow, and not pay.—Ecclesiastes 5:5. 000 Make no vows to perform this or that; it shows no great strength, and makes thee ride behind thyself —Fuller. Who are the authors of the books: “America Comes of Age” and “America Set Free?” "America Comes of Age” is by Andre Siegfried; "America Set Free’’ is by Herman Keyserling. Why is the flask of a thermos bottle silvered? To reflect radiation. Os what religious faith is Sir Esme Howard? Roman Catholic. How long and how wide Is the Ohio river? It is nearly 1,000 miles lpng and varies in width from 500 yards or less to 1,400 yards.

DEC. 16, 1929

SCIENCE By DAVID DIETZ

‘ Plutonic ’ Observatories Advocated for Studying the Problems of the Earth's Interior. Dr. HARLOW SHAFLEY. director of the Harvard observatory, whose own researches have dealt with the most distant stars and nebulae. come forward with a plan for studying the interior of the earth). He plans what he calls "plutonic” observatories, to do for the earth what astronomical observatories have done for the heavens. The suggestion is doubly interesting, since Professor Shapley is its author, for Shapley’s chief work to date has been pushing out the limits of the universe. Thanks to the work of Dr. Shapj ley. we know that the universe is at least 10,000 times as large as it was thought to be twenty years ago. Dr. Shapley began his work with the study of the so-called Magellanic clouds, two luminous patches of light in the southern hemisphere of the heavens. They look like pieces of the Milky Way which have broken loose. As in the case of the Milky Way. the telescope reveals that they are composed of thousands upon thousands of stars. He showed by his researches that these clouds were very much farther away than the Milky Way. He showed that the smaller cloud was 102,000 light-years away and the larger, 112.000. A light-year is the distance which a beam of light travels in a year, 6,000,000.000 miles. Subsequent work of Shapley and others showed that the spiral nebulae were yet farther away. 000 Shaft THE mast recent work of Shapley has been to show that these spiral nebulae, many of which are systems or galaxies of stars like our own Milky Way, are organized into groups. He calls them galaxies of galaxies. These in turn, he finds, are grouped into super-galaxies or "clouds of galaxies of galaxies.” And now Shapley suggests that science turn its attention to the interior of the earth. The contrast is amazing in many ways. We know more about the spiral nebulae, a million light-years away, than we do about the interior of the earth. One of the greatest mysteries in the whole universe lies right under your own feet. It is the structure and composition of the earth’s interior. It is 4,000 miles to the center of the earth. The deepest mine is a little more than a mile deep. Compared to the 4,000 miles to the center of the earth, it is a mere pin scratch. Professor Shapley suggests that a shaft be sunk into the rocks of the earth's crust and the laboratories be built into the rock at various levels along the shaft. He does not think that at present it would be possible to go very far down with the shaft. He does think, however, that a depth of two or three miles might be obtained. He would have the shaft sunk near some great university so that the study of the "plutonic” laboratories along the shaft could be correlated with the work of the geological, physical and chemical departments of the university. n a tt Millions SINKING a three-mile shaft would be extremely costly. However, many scientific endeavors have reached the stage where an investment of millions is required. The new 200-inch telescope now being designed for the California Institute of Technology will cost $12,000,000. Perhaps some great foundation, with millions at its disposal, will conclude that the shaft is of sufficient importance to the progress of knowledge to justify the cost. The difficulty of sinking the shaft can be visualized when it is remembered that the temperature in the earth increases one degree Fahrenheit for every seventy-six feet. At a depth of five miles, the temperature would be several hundred degrees. It is impossible to say exactly what the temperature would be, because there is no evidence as to what the rate of increase might be at lower depths. It might be more or less than that already observed in mines. Dr. Shapley suggests that great refrigeration plants be utilized to pump liquid air down into the shaft to counteract the high temperature. A second difficulty would be the air pressure. At a depth of several miles, the increase in pressure would be very great. There would undoubtedly have to be some way of controlling the pressure.

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BOSTON TEA PARTY December 16 ONE hundred and fifty-six years ago today, on Dec. 10. 1773, the famous ‘Boston Tea Party” took place. After an unavailing protest against the importation of tea as part of the policy of taxing the colonies without representation in parliament, a number of Bostonians, In Indian disguise, proceeded to three ships carrying cargoes of tea and began throwing tea into the harbor. For three hours the work went on, and 342 chests were emptied. Then, under the light of the moon, the “Indians” marched to the sound of fife and drum to their homes, and the vast throng of spectators melted away. Paul Revere, who is said to have been one of the “Indians,” was sent to Philadelphia with the news, which was announced at that place amid ringing of bells and general rejoicing. In retaliation for this action. th port of Boston was declared closed.