Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 183, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 December 1929 — Page 4

PAGE 4

% r ft t p p i -HOWARD

More Monopolies Business monopolies are of more value to the country that competition, according to Owen D. Young. That was dangerous heresy back in the trustbusting days. It is a commonplace today. The only qualification made by Young is that monopoly be regulated by the federal government. There again he speaks for enlightened business leaders and for public opinion. But the issue is not so simple in practice as in theory. Governmental regulation has broken down in many, if not in most, cases. Take the two great industries in which Young is a leader, the electrical and radio industries. The progressives in congress call General Electric and Radio Corporation of America monopolies. Young denies that his companies are monopolies, but would like to make them such. At any rate, it i3 only a matter of degree. Both companies already are large enough to be considered trusts in the language of the public. And It is significant that the government is not doing much to regulate those two powerful corporations. Indeed, the government is having trouble with them. The highly important investigation of the electric power industry by the federal trade commission is blocked by refusal of the Electric Bond and Share Company, a General Electric corporation, to produce its operating accounts. The Radio Corporation of America is violating the pnti-trust laws through its contracts with twentygeven manufacturers of receiving sets, according to a recent federal court decision. Not satisfied with the alleged monopoly already held by R. C. A., Young now proposes an American international communications combine or wire and wireless, embracing possibly R. C. A., International Telephone and Telegraph and'Western Union. Appearing before a senate committee Monday, Young presented the proposition brilliantly. Though an opponent of government monopoly, Young went so far as to say that a government combine would be better than continued private competition "If you have any hesitation about unifying our external communications in the hands of a private company under goverment control, then I beg you, in the national interest, to unify them under government ownership, so America may not be left, in the external communication field, subject to dictation of foreign companies or governments.” He went on, however, to dismiss the possibility of government control of communications, "inasmuch as there is no large public sentiment demanding it." We are not so sure. We believe that the public is coming to recognize with Young and other business leaders that wasteful competition must give way to unification of industries. We believe that the public recognizes with Young that there are only two eventual choices, government ownership or adequate government regulation of private monopoly. But we believe that the public is far more dissatisfied than Young and his kind seem to realize with the ineffectual system which now passes for government regulation of prh ite monopoly. Unless large corporations, like Electric Bond and Share, stop sabotaging legitimate federal investigation and effective federal regulation, they unwittingly will force government ownership of public utilities as the only way out.

The States Help Out The states seem to be getting the jump on the federal government in making the prohibition laws harsher. The much-debated queston of whether the buyer of liquor is guilty along with the seller has been settled in Alabama. The state supreme court has ruled that purveyor and customer are equally guilty. In Pennsylvania, an ancient statute providing a fine of SSOO or three years in jail or both for knowledge of a felony and failing to report it is being revived and tested in a liquor case. The state supreme court of lowa has established the rule that state search warrants no longer are necessary within its boundaries. , If this keeps up, there will be no necessity for congress to consider the various drastic measures now pending. There will be no limits to which the states already have not gone. Perhaps it is just as well, for federal prisons al4ready house twice as many men as they were built :ko accommodate. There would be no place to put s the prospective crop of new convicts, unless the alter- | native of capital punishment were resorted to. Overcrowded Prisons Attorney-General Mitchell in his annual report to Congress, forcefully calls attention to the federal government's problem in coping with tremendous increase in the number of federal prisoners. All institutions are overcrowded disgracefully, and prisoners are scattered throughout the country in county jails. Year by year the situation gets worse. Sanford Bates, superintendent of prisons, makes a number of recommendations for congressional action First and most important is the erection of additional prisons. He would employ specialists to handle various phases of the prison problem, provide convicts with work, develop the probation system, put drug addicts in special institutions, and attempt to rehabilitate prisoners so they will be useful citizens when they are freed. The prison problem is not new. A congressional committee, in fact, already has made a survey and prepared legislation for new buildings, on which action will be sought at this session. The department of justice now has offered a definite program with which few persons will disagree. There is no evidence of a desire to coddle prisoners, but rather a desire that they may be treated humanely. Bates says "more intelligence, more patience, more equipment, more personnel, and therefore more money” is needed to meet new conditions. Congress will do well to take this problem in hand before it gets any worse. At Last Yesterday, at Geneva, the United States signed the necessary protocols to make it a member of the world court. That is to say, it will be a member as soon as the senate ratifies the act of the American representative at Geneva. This the senate is expected to do, its reservations and objections having been met by the other world court members. Fox years this newspaper has urged this move be-

The Indianapolis Times (A SCKIPPS-HOWAKU NEWSPAPER) Owned nnd published daily (except Sunday) bj The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-1:20 ’.Vest Maryland Street, Indianapolis. Ind I’rire in Marion County, 2 cents a copy: elsewhere. 3 cents delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOYI) C.ritLEY, ROY W. HOWARD, FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager 7-HONR— RIIPy 5551 WEDNESDAY. DEC. 11. 1929. M< mber of I nited Press, Serippe-Howard Newspapei Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

cause, being so obviously a step in the direction of world peace which America has been in the vanguard in promoting, we were bound to join sooner or later, and delay made us appear hypocritical when we talked of our attachment to the cause of war abolition. Not only that, but the world court is largely of our own making. The United States has been advocating just such a tribunal for more than half a century, both Republican and Democratic presidents taking the lead in urging it upon other nations. After it had been created pretty much according to our specifications, it ill became us to be the only nation on earth of any consequence refusing to be a member. In fact, this country’s critical attitude toward the world court, under the circumstances, has been to blame for much of the criticism leveled at us from abroad. Since the world-wide adoption of the Kellogg treaty outlawing war, adherence to the world court has become, to all intents and purposes, imperative, even had it not been so before. Let us hope the senate acts promptly. Farmers and Their Market The federal farm board has encountered determined opposition to its basic policy almost at the outset of its effort to help agriculture, if Senator Nye of North Dakota is informed correctly. This policy is the fostering of co-operatives to market the farm crops. It is the heart of the whole farm relief program. The farm board will aid in the formation of co-operatives, advise them, and lend them money. The attack on the board’s policy, according to Nye, is coming from the grain commission men, who object to the handling of wheat through farmer-owned agencies sponsored by the board. They are fighting the recently formed Fanners’ National Grain Co-oper-ative, which is to be the master organization through which it is hoped the bulk of the country’s wheat crop may W sold. Naturally, the success of this undertaking would mean elimination of many commission men in the grain centers. Profits which they have been enjoying would go to the producers. The commission dealers, according to Nye, have been collecting toll on every bushel of grain raised, have manipulated prices, and controlled grading. They have, he asserts, grown rich while the farmers "were sweating blood and undergoing poverty.” Now they are bringing political pressure to block the board’s program, and Nye predicts “fear, sabotage, boycott, and threads.” The fight between private business and public grain projects is not anew one. In Nye’s own northwest it is a familiar story. It was an important factor in the Farmer-Labor Non-Partisan League, and other agrarian movements. Congress and the Coolidge and Hoover administrations continually have stressed the necessity for developing co-operatives as the first essential of farm relief. The government’s participation came in lieu of the equalization fee, the debenture plan, and other devices for which the farmers asked and which they were denied. The present plan can not be made effective without interfering with the business of grain commission men, Chicago grain gamblers, and others in private business. So we have the first evidences of a war between a well-organized business group and the mass of unorganized farmers. Chairman Legge of the farm board is represented as standing firm against the attack of the commission men. It well may be, as Senator Nye said, that the outcome will spell the success or failure not only of the farm relief program, but of the Hoover administration. in the eyes of the west and south.

REASON By FR LANDIS K

THE Russian Bear should feel much better, now that Secretary Stimson's note has given lrm the opportunity to unload the cargo of hatred he long has borne us on account of our refusal to recognize him as a nation. Whatever else comes of it. the incident is sure to defer our recognition of the Soviet for a long time to come. a tt e While it would have been cruelty to animals to compel the Bear to get along indefinitely with all of this hatred canned up inside of him, the Stimson note was an amazing folly. The minute that note was issued many a corn field sage saw that it exposed us to a solar plexus reply because we had not recognized Russia. a a But this does not necessarily mean that Secretary Stimson is to blame, since such steps are usually decided on only after a conference which the President holds with his advisers, the result of the conference going forth as the utterance of the secretary of state. Before other international matters present themselves, it is to be hoped that wiser sages will be summoned to contribute to theii solution. a o OF course, Russia's insistence that no nation which signed the Kellogg treaty has a right to complain when the treaty is violated, is just ordinary bunk. It is not necessary for the treaty to provide that the wronged parties may complain, for that is implied in the agreement. The ordinary legal contract between private citizens does not say that if the contract is violated, the injured party may not go to law about it, for that is not necessary. a a a Os course, it is pure rot for Russia to say the Stimson note was an unfriendly act,” when it merely reminded Russia that she and some fifty other nations had promised to abstain from war when they signed the Kellogg treaty. According to Russia, the only way to fill this world with friendships is to permit ail nations to violate their agreements when they sc desire. a a a THE nations which signed the Kellogg pact became partners in a firm engaged in selling world peace to all mankind; it was devoted to the grand objective of providing all peoples with doves. Then one of the partners, Russia, introducs the boa constrictor of war into the dove cote and when another partner; America, objects to the consumption of the doves by the boa constrictor, Russia regards that objection as “unfriendly." a an It is interesting, but not encouraging, to note that in presenting he:- case. Russia does not indulge in the venerable subterfuge of self-defense. Openly, frankly, she confesses that she is covered with the warts of imperialistic sin, but declares that the other powerful nations are in the same situation. It is a brazen avowal of duplicity, a cynical sneer at the idea of honor among nation*

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

The Worst Feature of U. S. Intervention in Haiti Seems to Bea Kind of Carpet Bag Ride Difficult to Avoid. IN disbarring Judge Ben B. Lindsey, the supreme court of Colorado says: “Unless one has the moral strength of character to stand unmovable in his fidelity to duty against the allurements of money, and to resist temptation to do those things that are prohibited by law and to the judge, then he no longer possesses that indispensable moral character which the good of society and the administration of justice demand bf an attorney and counselor-at-law.” A noble doctrine, and one could wish that Judge Lindsey were the only lawyer unable to qualify under it. a tt a Haitian students charge that instructors have been sent to teach them agriculture, who can’t speak French, but who command high salaries and fat expense accounts. If true, this reveals a kind of meddling that is singularly pernicious. While we may be justified in sending marines to maintain order, auditors to see that the customs accounts are correctly kept, it is not true that we need to impose the burden of unfit teachers on an impoverished country. The worst feature of intervention consists in a Ifind of carpet bag rule, which seems difficult, if not impossible to avoid. a a a Calls Ape Man a Myth Henry fairfield osborn, renowned zoologist and director of the American Museum of Natural History in New York changes his mind with regard to the genealogy of man. Though formerly a supporter of the theory that monkeys were at the root of the tree, he now is inclined to doubt it, even going so far as to characterize the “ape man” as a myth. Whatever else may be thought of Mr. Osborn’s view, it should be a relief to monkeys, who have suffered enough at the hands of evolutionists. n u st Sensible people will agree with Senator Borah that a recodifleation of sea law is essential to any material reduction in naval armament. As long as the sea remains open to control by selfish forces, governments hardly can do otherwise than protect themselves. Under existing conditions, the sea is a “no man’s domain.” Though all people have a common interest in it and common rights to employ, it has been left for the strongest to dominate. Before we solve the problem of a free sea, wg not only shall recodify laws governing it, but we shall establish an international police force to see that they are carried out, and there won’t be any naval reduction worth considering until we do.

Leads to Peace IT is to such end that a league of nations, a world court, a Kellogg pact and all other activities in the interest of orderly peace are leading. Shudder at is though we may, and wince at the surrender of sovereignty it involves, we might as well accept it as the one alternative essential to give international law a solid foundation. The land lends itself to division, because of the boundaries and barricades that can be established on it. The sea, however, can be parcelled out in no such way. We can zone it, define it and claim it in theory, but we can not destroy its unity. Even the air above a country can be apportioned to fit the land, but the sea is out yonder. The sea, and the sea alone, represents a common heritage and it is from the sea that we eventually shall learn to understand and solve the problem of common interests. a a a Shone for All IN this connection, it is interesting to recall that the lighthouse was perhaps the first human enterprise ever conceived for the common good. The lighthouse shines for every one. When the men of old Tyre lit beacons to guide mariners, just because there was danger, they expressed an Idea out of which has grown the sanest modern conception of those human relationships which transcend race or nationality. a a a A free sea is not only indispensable to prevention of war, but to safety. We can not hope to establish an adequate number of lighthouses, life-saving stations, or patrols without world-wide co-operation. Yesterday brought us news that sixty-nine vessels had been wrecked as the result of the European storm, with the loss of 163 lives; that pirates had attacked a British ship in Chinese waters; that the Republic entered New York harbor with eleven rescued sailors. Such things remind us that the sea still is perilous, and that much remains to be done to make it safe.

Questions and Answers

Does the Volstead act apply to the Philippines and are the Filipinos American citizens? The Volstead act does not apply to the Philippines. Filipinos are not American citizens, but are citizens of the Philippine islands. In international law, they are regarded as American nationals and are entitled to diplomatic and consular protection as such. What Is the origin of the expression. “Tell it to the marines—the sailors won’t believe it.” It is an old saying quoted by Scott in “Redgauntlet” Chapter 13. It is also found in Trollop’s “Small House at Ailing ton." A..

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DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Respiratory Diseases Hit Pupils Hard

BY DR, MORRIS FISIIBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. MODERN methods of school inspection and of the surveying of health of school children have offered opportunities for new knowledge regarding the illnesses of children. From 1920 to 1928 the authorities responsible for the elementary school of the University of Chicago kept careful records of the reasons for the absences of 400 children. After an absence the child examined by the school physician before it was readmitted. When the figures are studied it is found that respiratory diseasess, including the common cold, coughs, laryngitis, and bronchitis are responsible for more absences than all other causes combined. It is interesting to realize that practically the same condition obtains among adults in industries. Among the children the respiratory

IT SEEMS TO ME By BROUN

WHEN I awoke this morning. neither bright nor early. I found myseT past 40. Something will have to be done about it. At 39 there may still be time to frivol. At the age of the consciousness of a duty to posterity is seldom fully developed. Often I did things of light import when I was 39. Late hours, cards and general shiftlessness, once and so often, were included in the scheme of things. There have been speakeasies which knew me and would cash a check. And in the discharge of my newspaper duties it must be admitted that not all the words set down in every column were polished jewels, fashioned with care and industry. Twice, or maybe three times, I just jammed old odds and ends together saying with the cyncism of youth, “it will suffice.” But with this last birthday I have" definitely turned my back upon youth and its follies. If I am ever to amount to anything the time for sprinting has arrived. Hannibal took an army across the Alos long before he was 40 and Shelly was precocious. It’s up to me to get busy. a a a Gloomy THIRST of all my fortieth birthr day should signalize the bebinning of reform. Herewith, then, is the public announcement; No thank you, I do not drink. I am very much obliged, but I never smoke. Don’t be silly, I wouldn’t think of playing poker. In particular I must be careful to avoid the fallacy of the last fling. Too many people say, “Well, just one more round.” Before going straight they insist upon a final bender. But the time to start is now upon the instant. Voices do not rate the privilege of a romantic farewell. Suppose your brother, son or father was in the grip of an unworthy passion. Let us assume the woman in the case to be wholly evil and vicious. After protracted appeals you succeed in making the unhappy victim of her wiles aware of the fact that it has been a horrible mistake. But he says, “Let me go and see her just once more and then I'm done with her forever.” , What would you do in such a case? I’ll tell you what you ought to do, in fact, what I would do. Placing one hand, probably the right one, on the poor fellow’s

Daily Thought

Offer the sacrifices of righteousness and put your trust in the Lord.—Psalms 4:5. a a a You can not win without sacrifice. —Charles Buxon.

The Prison Problem

diseases comprised from 46.5 to 67.3 per cent of the total cases of illness. They also caused more days of absence than all the other groups together. During the yean some 440 children were enrolled in the elementary school. Among them there were 1,394 cases of respiratory disease, an average of three cases for the year for each child in the school. For the whold period of eight years, according to Dr. Charles C. Evans, the respiratory diseases caused an annual loss of from 3 to 6 per cent of the total possible days of attendance. Obviously one of the most important points of attack on all illness and particularly on illness causing absence from school is the attack on respiratory diseases. • Unfortunately w ? e have no specific method of preventing these conditions other than preventing contacts between the children, and this itself is practicaly an impossibility. Hence, we try to minimize the

shoulder, I would say, “No, no, Fred; enough is enough. Millicent is dead to you from this very moment, it’s three minutes past four by my watch.” And I think that you should jlo precisely the same except, of course, j there would be no particular point in calling him Fred, if that did not happen to be his name. tt St tt The Brave I’M all against the practice of quit- j ting a little at a time. If you were , held tight within the jaws of a j crocodile would you say, “I’ll get j out of this gradually. That’s the | best way.” In the Thanatopsis Poker Club they used to have a saying, “Tt all evens up at the end of year.” In reply to that I might borrow from another anecdote and say, “Now for a hell of a long putt.” But, though I had no faith in the theory of eventual annual equalization. i did apply the theory in part to my own life. The things undone could be completed in some sudden burst of energy. Already I see the folly of this. Even if I do succeed now in breaking through I have left things in a terrible mess for my biographer. The chapters which cover “Broun up to Forty— the Period of Incubation” are going to be mighty dull reading. In fact, if I may suggest, all that part could be dismissed in a brief introduction which might read about as follows: “Very little is known of Senator Broun during his early, middle and late 30s. He seems to have shown during this period no flickering of the genius which was later to flash forth in his great epic poem, ‘Man —Why?’ Nor had Dr. Broun as yet even begun the great American play or the great American novel. a' a o Rolling Along THE good gray professor, as we love to call him. was still to swim the English channel and balance twelve eggs in an hour. Indeed, at 40 the maestro had not yet built a single cathedral, nor composed one of his operas. “He was not ready. Even though no bubbles appeared upon the surface, somewhere inside him worked a ferment. But Proun himself, as a song of the period aptly put it, just kept ‘rolling along.’ ” At the age of 40 no fame attached itself to the name of Heywood Broun. That was the situation in Which I found myself yesterday. It is the situation in which I find myself today. But. nevertheless, something of great significance has happened. During the night I passed a milestone. I awoke to find myself 40. There was no public tumult. All that r‘S {

danger of coughing, spitting and sneezing and methods of spreading infection from one child to another. As might have beeen expected, the communicable diseases of childhood such as influenza, chickenpox, measles, whooping cough, mumps, German measles, scarlet fever, pneumonia and diphtheria caused the next largest number of absences. Especially significant is the fact that the infectious diseases most prevalent in the school were those also most prevalent throughout the city, except for diphtheria, of which there was only one case during the entire eight-year period, although there w r ere numerous cases throughout the city. The authorities explain this by the fact that carriers were promptly eliminated: children who had contact with cases outside of school, were controlled, and the Shick test and toxin-antitoxin for the prevention of dihptheria w r ere extensively -employed.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those of one of America’s most interesting writers and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

can w r aU. The important tumult is in my own heart. The advancing years have made a man of me. My whole perspective is altered. On the morning of my birthday a man called up and asked me to play poker that night. In the old days I would have accepted eagerly. But now I spoke to him sternly. “I can’t play one second after 3 o’clock,” I told him. (Copyright. 1929. by Th Times' VALLEY FORGE December 11 ON Dec. 11, 1777, General George Washington’s army went into winter quarters at Valley Forge, Pa. Occupation of Valley Forge came after the battles of Brandywine and Germantown and the encampment of the British in Philadelphia. Washington chose Valley Forge partly for its defensibility and partly to protect congress, then in session at York, Pa. Due to incapacity of the quarter-master-general and the commissary department, the men were left without adequate shelter, food or clothing and in consequence suffered terrible hardship, many dyh’g of cold and starvation. It was at Valley Forge, however, that Baron Steuben trained, disciplined, and reorganized the army and thus enabled it to fight with greater efficiency in later campaigns. About 450 acres of the original camp ground has been converted into Valley Forge park, containing Washington’s headquarters and other historic landmarks that have been preserved or restored.

Home-Made Yule Candies Our Washington Bureau has ready for you its comprehensive bulletin on how to make Fondants, Fudges and Bonbons—Christmas candies in great variety. Scores of different candies with plain and easily followed directions for making a*e contained in this bulletin If you want to make your own delic.ous Christmas candies at home, fill out the coupon below and send for this bulletin; CLIP COUPON HERE CANDIES EDITOR. Washington Bureau, 1322 New York Avenue, Washington, D C. I want a copy of the buletin FONDANTS, FUDGES AND BONBONS, and inclose herewith 5 cents in coin, or loose, uncanceled, United States postage stamps to cover postage and handling costs; NAME STREET AND NO CITY STATE I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times. (Code No.)

.DEC. 11, 1929’

SCIENCE By DAVID DIETZ

What Good Is Astronomy? Among Other Things, It Has Taught Us the Laics of Nature. THE astronomer, to a certain number of people, is a baffling mystery. Perhaps the group which can not understand him is large. This group can not understand why a man should devote his life to seeking knowledge of a sort which seems to have no immediate practical value. The question most frequently asked by its members is, “What’s the use of astronomy?” A correspondent writes, “I have been reading your recent article about the new $12,000,000 telescope. Don’t you think that the money could be put to many better uses?" My answer is “No.” I do not deny that the world needs more hospitals, more money for medical research, more schools, and so on. The world does need ail of these things. But it is getting them. There is probably not a city in the United States where some great charitable work is not in process, some hospital being built or some school being planned. Cleveland, for example, just has raised more than $4,000,000 in a Community Fund drive. This is an annual event in that city. But in addition to all these things the world needs the 200-inch telescope and it is a fine thing that there are organizations like the International Education board to furnish the funds. tt tt tt Practical Dr. GEORGE ELLERY HALE famous American astronomer and chairman of the observatory council supervising tha construction of the 200-inch telescope, discusses the use of astronomy in an article in Harper’s magazine. “Certain minds of the practical type, regardless of the attitude oi our greatest statesmen and industrial leaders and unconscious of the history of constructive thought, sometimes raise the old question,’ he writes. "What is the good of astronomy or, indeed, of any form of pure science? “look back over sixty centuries and see the Egyptian priests nightly observing the heavens from the summits of their temples. Like a vast clock, the celestial sphere burning from east to w 3 st, marked by the meridian passage of familiar stars, the hours for their devotions and essential calendar. From these crude beginnings arose the precise measurement of time and the regulation of the calendar, our accurate methods of surveying and mapping the face of the fearth. and our safe means of navigating both sea and air.” But our debt to astronomy is even greater than this, Dr. Hale maintains. To realize our larger debt to astronomy read Henri Poincaire's book, ‘The Value of Science,”’ he continues. "The basis of science is natural law and we owe the conquest of law to astronomy. Where would our modern civilization be, asks Poincaire, if the earth, like Jupiter, always had been enveloped in clouds?

Natural Law remote ancestors," Dr. Yy Hale goes on. “were creatures of superstition, surrounded by mysteries, startled at every display of incomprehensible forces, accustomed to attribute all natural phenomena to the caprice of good or evil spirits. “Today we no longer implore the aid of genii, but utilize natural laws of which wc. are constantly learning more. Reccgnizi'g, as we c’o, the unchangeably basis cf there laws, we do not foolishly demand th t they oe changed, but subnr.t ourselves to them, and use them for the advantage of mankind. “Astronomy taught us the existence of the law’s of nature.” Turning to the present, he says: “During cur own time spectrum analysis, initiated by Ki chhcff’s study of the sun, has reveal and the unity of terrestial and celestial substance and provided the means of tracing the evolution of stars and nebulae and the systems in which they are grouped. “Moreover, it has served as our guide to the true nature of matter and the advancement of the fundamental sciences of physics and chemistry. “The three most vital tests of the Einstein theory can be made only with the telescope. The transformation of matter into radiation, predicted by physical theory, is attested by stellar observations. “And now we may hope that the complex problem of the curvature of space will be settled by celestial measurements. “Can one doubt that a telescope powerful enough to carry all these studies fai beyond our present possibilities will prove profitable, not merely to the astronomer, but to the physicist, the chemist, and to ail who utilize the results of science in the many-sided problems of modem life?” * When did Jack Dempsey win the world’s heavyweight championship? He won it from Jess Willard In three rounds at Toledo, 0., July 4, 1919.