Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 170, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 November 1929 — Page 4

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Just a Reminder City managers of nearly three hundied cities are meeting in convention this week, discussing the problems that aiise in the management of city business, comparing the conditions in big cities with those in small ones and planning schools for training youths in the technical tasks of government. The people will remember the reason for the absence from that meeting of a city manager for Indianapolis. They should not forget the long struggle to overthrow partisan government and abolish party politics from city affairs and its tragic fate. They can learn from this gathering that the supreme courts of at least twenty-two states found no limitation upon civil rights in the establishment of this form of government. And when twenty-two supreme courts assent to a system, it can be taken for grantr ed that it does not contain much that is foreign to Americanism. In Indiana the supreme court stepped in at a most significant moment and declared the law as passed by the legislature was unconstitutional and so, for at least four years, the old system will prevail in every city of the state. It is doubtful, of course, whether any law passed by the legislature would have been held to be within the Constitution. That is conjecture, however. What is certain is that very good lawyers who had examined the matter declared that the law contained no defects and that the three judges who rendered the decision were wrong in reasoning and more than wrong in their conclusions. The only happy people were professional politicians. One set of politicians is not so happy now\ They discovered that the people decided that those who had fought the city manager law should no longer be trusted to run the city affairs. However, it was a system and not merely one set of politicians at which .the city manager law was aimed. That system is a conjlstant invitation to partisan favoritism government. The people understand that. That invitation and constant threat must *be removed. When the legislature meets again, the law should be re-enacted. When a new supreme court is elected, that court should be remodeled and remade.

Stepdaughters of the American Revolution The turmoil within the ranks of the Daughters of the American Revolution has resulted in many a merry clash in recent years and has provided much good copy for the press. The high-light of the conflict has been the duel between Mrs- Helen Tufts Bailie, leader of the liberal revolt in the ranks, and Mrs. Alfred Brosseau, president of the organization and generalissimo of the conservative majority. Mrs. Bailie, who was expelled from the D. A. R„ now has published the documentary record of her case in a brochure entitled “Perverted Patriotism: a Story of D. A. R. Stewardship." The personal aspects of the controversy and the internal policies and politics of the organization may * be left wholly aside. The deeper issues are a matter of interest and import to all Americans. The Daughters of the American Revolution derive their special prestige and power from the assumption that they represent the physical and spiritual descendant* of the men who effected our separation from England and established our federal republic. The validity of their claim to physical descent from the Fathers may be conceded without argument. In any event, it is a matter for genealogical rather than editorial investigation. As to the logic and purity of their spiritual lineage, grave doubt has arisen of late. It is clear that they can invoke the prestige of the founding Fathers only if they substantially represent the spirit of the revolutionary age and perpetuate its ideals. There can be no doubt that the majority of the organization have forfeited their heritage and do not speak the language of 1776. The evidence of their earnest consorting with persons like Fred Marvin of tha Key Men of America—recently heavily penalized for his libelling of Madame Schwimmer—H. A. Jung of the American Vigilant Intelligence Federation; Joseph Cashman of the National Security League; Ralph Easley of the National Civic Federation; Lobbyist Shearer, and Mrs. Robinson of the Massachusetts Public Interests League, is simply overwhelming and incontrovertible. Now Messrs. Marvin, Easley. Cashman, Jung, et al, are scarcely men who would have made congenial bedfellows for Thomas Jefferson or Benjamin Franklin—or even for Alexander Hamilton or John Adams, for that matter. Tire D. A. R, far from promoting and encouraging the spirit of freedom, progress, and independence—to say nothing of revolt—has become the most active proponents of extreme reaction among the important women's organizations of the coun ry. The Stretch-Out System Any labor device intended to increase production by speeding up already overworked factory employes can be expected to create dissastisfaction. In the southern text.le industry a report by the United States labor department shows, introduction of the “stretch-out system" not only has caused dissatisfaction, but in some instances is increasing costs of production. This stretch-out system is said to be the basis of most of the strikes and industrial disorders in North Carolina. It consists in dividing work between spinner* and cleaners and in making them tend more machinery. While automatic devices cut down some labor, It generally is admitted that the amount of work required from each employe is increased. The net result has been a larger labor turnover,

The Indianapolis Times (A feCRIPPS-HOW AKD NEWSPAPER) J.t ue<l anti {.uMlsbed dally lexf-ept Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 West Maryland Street, Indianapolis, lnd. Price in Marion County, 2 cents a copy: elsewhere. 3 cents delivered by carrier. 12 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY. KOY W. HOWARD. FRANK O. MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager PHONE—Riley 53M TUESDAY. NOV, 26, 1929. Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newgpnper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

the taking of more time from work, and mounting costs in some of the mills studied. Labor in the south generally is unorganized and for that reason there is no machinery for peaceful adjustment of disputes. There is no profit in industrial disorders, or production methods that cause them. There is profit In contented workers, decent working conditions, and industrial peaceCasualties on the Booze Front Jane Addams’ recent suggestion that what prohibition needs most of ail is disarmament is given special point by a recent report of the Association Against the Prohibition Amendment. This asserts that more than 1,000 men have been slain thus far in the attempt to enforce the eighteenth admendment. It is interesting to compare this mortality list with the casualties in one of our most dramatic wars, namely, the Spanish-American war. Here the total number of killed in the American armies was 279 and the wounded 1,465. In the navy 16 were killed and 68 wounded. In other words, the mortality in this co’orful conflict was less than half that in the prohibition experiment to date. Yet it was a war of sufficient proportions to put Theodore Roosevelt in the White House on the basis of the lingering luster of his military prowess. It also would have landed Admiral Dewey there if he had been fortunate enough to have had proper political advice and management. If death gives the status of warfare, then It Is apparent that a state of war now exists In the United States of America. A name must be forthcoming. How about “The Second Hundred Years’ War?” Who Shall Criticise Three Communists have been convicted under the Ohio criminal syndicalism law and face sentences ol ten years in prison and a fine of $5,000. Press reports state that they “were accused of distributing literature attacking the Kellogg peace treaty, the League of Nations, the recent disarmament congress.” This form of recreation would appear to be the sort of thing in which the most respectable Americans indulge in, season and out, with no sense of wrongdoing and no threat of punishment. The Kellogg treaty, rightly or wrongly, has been assaulted lustily by senators, militarists and liberals. The League of Nations has been rejected by majority opinion in the United States as registered through congressional vote and through the implications of the popular vote in the presidential campaign of 1920. Disarmament is the target for scores of denunciations daily by the believers in the efficacy of armed forces. Criticism of congress never has been more widespread or intense than during the last few months. All the ideas and institutions questioned by the Communists in this case have come in for sharp criticism during conventions of the American Legion. The Ohio conviction comes down essentially to the contention that what a group with one label may say with impunity—indeed, with brisk public approval —becomes a felony when propounded by a group with a different label. The test of sedition must be the words uttered and not the label of the group expressing the sentiment at issue. This Ohio case involves more than a test of free speech. It is an issue of equality before the law. irrespective cf class or party. The fundamentals of democratic government, not the validity of group opinion, are really at stake.

REASON By 1

WE should rejoice that Indiana university’s football team recently overwhelmed Northwestern, since that victory set free from hairy bor.daye those audacious sons of “Old I. U.” who vowed to take their countenances out of circulation until the Cream and Crimson should float in triumph above the mangled wreckage of a gridiron foe. a it a We trembled for those Hoosier students, for we realized the peril which threatened them: we remembered valiant partisans of past political campaigns who pledged themselves to let their hanging baskets go untrimmed until their favorites were elected, many of them being doomed to go through life with their alfalfa done up in clothes pins. a a a Had Indiana's sons tendered hirsute homage to their alma mater some forty years ago, conditions would have been reversed: they would have avowed to use the razor until their athletes brought home the bacon, for in those days youth went into ambush early, never to emerge. Just glance at the old family album. tt tt U THE child of the eighties seldom If ever saw his father’s face, all he beheld being the bullrushes in which he dwelt, and so to such a child his father always seemed an old man Living all his adult days in shadows, that father assumed a somber aspect, so no one slapped him on the back and called him “Old Bean!’’ a a a The American people were in the open when they started as a nation, there being no foliage whatever in the Revolutionary war. Not one mustache accused King George of tyranny; not one pair of sideburns comDlained of taxation without representation: not one single set of whiskers signed the Declaration of Independence! a a a We remained open and above board until long after the turn of the century, there being no privet whatever about the vestibules of our Presidents from Washington to Buchanan. Then all at once the American people plunged into the everglades, there to wander in darkness until a little while ago. a a a STRANGE as it may seem, that prince of humorists, Abraham Lincoln, was the first to escort a covey of whiskers to the White House and he did it for a reason almost unbelievably whimsical. A little girl in New York wrote him a letter, saying she thought a hedge would enhance the beauty of his landscape, and he fell for it. a a a It was one of the greatest mistakes he ever made, for he had climbed from the cabin to glory without the assistance of any timothy and his was a face, made to stay uncovered, a face with features craglike and powerful. But when he went to be inaugurated, that fine, strong map of tolerance and common sense was covered with stubble. a a a We may question whether many of the fruits of progress are oranges or lemons—but there can be no doubt whatever that the razor is better than the mattress. The fall of hair is more important than the fall of Rome and the emancipation of the face as great a forward movement as the emancipation of the slave. And so we rejoice that Indiana beat Northwestern.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Advertising Has Been So Woven Into Our Economic Structure That People Accept Its Volume as a Faithful Reflection of Business Conditions. PRESIDENT HOOVER’S efforts to stabilize business are meeting j with a splendid response. Governors | of states, mayors of cities, and the j heads of big industrial institutions ; have promised effective co-opera-I tion. If the plans they have announced are carried out, business will be good next year. But the leaders can not do it all. In spite of all the merging and organizing, the “little feller” still plays an important part, the country banker, the corner groceryman, the local distributor. | They are in contact with the public. What they say, and more particularly what they do, will count 1 for much. nun Dr. Julius Klein, assistant secretary of commerce, says that “advertising should go ahead with all its characteristic force.” “Considered as a whole,” he says, “advertising Is one of the most potent business accelerators. It keeps goods moving and in irtpires i confidence.” It does, and any letdown in it inspires the reverse. We have women advertising into our economic structure to such extent that people accept its spirit and volume as a faithful reflection of business conditions. n n n Europe Gloats WHILE the task of maintaining business is essentially ' economic, it has a political aspect. Europe is watching America with the hope, if not the conviction, that we have overplayed our hands, and that the slump in Wall Street was merely a forecast of worse to come. British and French newspapers already have published lurid accounts of suicide and bankruptcy, with cartoons and caricatures which tell an even direful tale. It is their game to create lack of confidence in American business, not only among their own people, but among us. M M 8 Whatever may be thought of the prospects of peace from a military standpoint, we are at war when it comes to trade, and we are at war with a world ready to take advantage of any sign of weakness. There is patriotism, as well as prudence, in what President Hoover is doing. To a measureable extent our prosperity depends on prestige. What other people think of our financial and industrial strength goes a long way toward determining whether they will continue to buy our goods, or borrow our money. * on Ford Has the Key ANOTHER thing we must keep in mind is that wealth is dynamic. Prosperity, like progress depends on movement. We can not keep the people at work w-ithout continuing to produce, and we can not continue to produce unless each and every one of us does his share of the buying. Henry Ford put his finger on the crux of the problem when he said that our greatest danger lay in exhausted buying power.

This is no time to get cold feet, to curtail, to retrench, because of what we think “may happen.” While unnecessary risks should be avoided, so should unnecessary fears. It would be undesirable, of course, for people to buy beyond their means, for stores to overstock, or for manufacturers to produce beyond a demand reasonable to expeci. It would be even more undesirable, however, to do the other thing. a a a Need Steady Pull WHAT we need is a steady, constructive, purposeful attitude, and we need it not only in the workshop and the salesroom, but in daily conversation. The overdose of optimism from which we suffered last summer would only be made worse by an overdose of pessimism now. The idea of betting on futures, whether from the bull or bear standpoint, should be laid aside. The country’s cue is to quit gambling and go to work. a a a Thus far we have weathered the storm in stocks very comfortably, but it was a bad storm, just the same—bad not only in the paper profits it wiped out, but In psychological effect. Thousands upon thousands of people who were walking on air two months ago find themselves pretty blue, now that they are back on the ground. With a less, but still considerable number, the question is, “when do we eat?” All of which represents just one more obstacle to be overcome, just one more reason why legitimate business should keep up Its morale.

Questions and Answers

■What is the area of the United States? Continental United States comprises 1.937.144,960 acres. The total area of the United States is 2,392,557.440 acres. Will a magnet attract through any kind of material? A magnet will attract through glass, wood, mica—in fact, through anything except iron. What is the Greek population in Washington? According to the last census it was 1.814. Is there a naval medical college in Washington? The Naval Medical college at Washington, gives post-graduate courses to physicians who are already medical officials of the navy. ■ •

* JPKWWff

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Eyes Reveal Extent of Skull Injury

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygela, the Health Maerazine. WITH the speed of modern life, the use of the automobile, the congestion of traffic and similar conditions, it is becoming more and more dangerous to get about on the streets. Indeed, as a result of these difficulties, cases are frequently brought to hospitals in which men have become unconscious following accidents and in which the physicians is much concerned to determine whether the patient has had a fracture of the skull. Diagnosis of a fracture of the skull is not a simple matter. The X-ray frequently will show the break In the bone. Sometimes it is possible to open the tissues to find the injury that has taken place, but in many instances the fracture develops inside

IT SEEMS TO ME By BROUN

THERE has been a great deal of good acting going around on the New York stage this season, and whenever I see a fine performance I always am moved to wonder just how it’s done.

The actor generally tries to put you off with that old gag about feeling the part. I’m skeptical. That might do for one performance, but you can’t convince me that Miss Helen Morgan in “Sweet Adeline” is going to feel heartbroken about her lover’s walking out on her all through the second year of the run. If it were actually necessary for the player to register deep down into his boots the emotion he conveys, there would be naught but nervous wrecks along Broadway. There was a young woman of my acquaintance who played - the role of a young girl beguiled and betrayed by a villain. She played it for 300 nights, and showed no ill effects at the end of that time. Obviously, she could not have committed her emotional nature wholly to the circumference of the comedy, for no one can be ruined as much as that without becoming a little haggard.

Rehearsing OUITE obviously, in a scene of pathos, it is more important that the audience should feel than that the player should. A skilled actor can go through a terrific scene and be himself lighthearted without harming the values in any way. He can be convincing without being himself convinced. Winifred Lenihan gave a lovely performance in Shaw 's “St. Joan,” although I am informed reliably that she always hated the part and had no admiration for it whatsoever. In some cases the actor does get his effect by actually experiencing the necessary emotion (somewhat in miniature, to be sure), but again he may trick his audience by doing no more than provide a full and persuasive semblance of an individual reacting to the situation in a play. My own theory Is that the actor ought to feel some considerable portion of the emotion which his part contains just once. This he may do on the flrst night, or even during rehearsal. Once is enough to make the character live. a a a Life and Art BUT right here the actor can go very wrong in assuming that anything he would do in a given situation in real life inevitably must be proper and convincing business in a play. Once I knew a man who habitually sneezed violently whenever he felt romantic. It was characteristic and not an affectation. But he could hardly have employed such

The Grand Old Pachyderm

the bone at a point opposite to the place where the head was struck, and In such cases it is extremely difficult to make sure that the skull has been fractured. Recently Dr. George A. Blakeslev has emphasized again the fact that the human eye will mirror changes that may be going on in the brain. A study of the eye of a patient with a skull fracture will indicate how much damage has been done to the brain by the fracture and what the possibilities are for the patient to recover. Os 610 persons who had fractures of the skull, there were Indications in the eye of the nature of the injuries in 78 per cent. If the pupils of the eye are fixed, either dilated or contracted, the condition may be considered extremely serious. In practically all cases in which there were hemorrhages into one side of the brain,

a device effectively, had he been called upon to be himself in a play. John Barrymore once made a similar complaint. He said that in life, when deeply swayed by an emotion, he liked to open a window and lean out. Yet, when he tried to work this bit of business into a play, the audience laughed heartily and in the wrong place. I never have taken much stock in those tales of the ingenue who went to live in an east side tenement for two months to get the proper background for her forthcoming appearance in “Nellie, the Wage Slave.” Acting isn’t like that. Reality may have nothing on earth to do with it. A piece of business may seem to me or to you utterly inadequate for the emotion which the actress is trying to project. That doesn’t make it a bad performance. The actress may be able to re-educate the spectators, to deceive and bamboozle them in such way that they accept her piece of business as a chip from the eternal verities. man On His. Own AND. of course, an actor may be called upon to do somethingin a play for which there is no human counterpart. Leslie Howard, in “Berkeley Square,” must indicate that a man is walking out of a room, and that when he gets

- TqOAVf (5 TH£=Mtsik n BSe FIRST STREET RAILWAY November 26 Ninety-seven years ago today, on Nov. 26, 1832, the first street railway in America opened in New York City. The road was known as the New York and Harlem Railroad, on which a horse car, much like an old English stage coach in construction, ran from Prince street on the Bowery to Yorkville and Harlem. The first railway followed for some distance the route now occupied by the Fourth Avenue Railway, which still operates under the original charter granted in 1831. It was operated as a horse car line until 1837, when it was temporarily changed to a steam car line. In 1845 the operation of horse cars was resumed and it remained the onlv horse car line in New York until 1852. In 1856. street railways first were built in Boston, and Philadelphia had its first line in 1857. Today, virtually all street railways are operated by electricity.

the eye was found with the pupil either '"’ated or contracted. Changeability in the size and outline of the oupils of the eye is usually the sic.n most frequently seen in fractures of the skull. As the patient recovers, the ability of the pupils to dilate and to contract in the usual manner is one of the earliest signs of recovery. These things can be easily seen by any one on inspection. However, other changes occur which are not so easily determinable by the average man, but which the trained physician can deterfnine by the use of the opthalmoscope, an instrument with which he can see the retina back of the eye. Under such circumstances he can detect areas of inflammation and of degeneration, areas in which the tissues have been blocked by the flowing In of blood and similar changes.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those ot one of America's most lntcresfine writers and are presented without recard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

beyond the door he will find himself in an age more than 100 years later. And for this purpose he has invented a curious gait. Although I never have seen a man keeping a rendezvous across a century, I was convinced that he would walk in just that way. Too many directors make the mistake of assuming that it is possible to say, “Here is the one and only fitting gesture for this particular character in this particular scene.” Acting is an art, but it must progress largely after the manner in which a science moves forward. Only by trial and error can its canons be established. And once a canon has been established, the very best thing to be done with it is to toss it out the window and begin experimenting all over again.

Daily Thought

If . ye be willing and obedient, ye shall eat the good of the land. —lsaiah 1:19. a a a We see how much a man has, and therefore we envy him; did we sea how little he enjoys, we should rather pity him. —Seed.

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_NOV. 26, 1929

SCIENCE By DAV7D DIETZ—

Development of Industries Out of Air Is One of the Romantic Chapters in the History of Chemistry. THE magician amuses and astounds us by apparently materializing rabbits and pigeons out of thin air. But we realize that the magician is only fooling us and so many maxims have grown up about the inability to make money or anything else out of thin air. The modern chemist, however, has gone the traditional magician one better, and today a great many valuable products which yield a very real and very large profit in money are made literally out of air. The development of these industries out of air is one of the romantic chapters in the history of chemistry. It is only about 150 years since mankind began to have any true understanding of the nature of the atmosphere. A complete understanding of the constitution of air is only thirty years old. Consequently the “air industries” are all to be classed among the miracles of the twentieth century. In 1772, Carl Scheele, a Swedish chemist, showed that there were two chief constituents of air. These were then known as phlogisticated and dephlogisticated air. Today we call them nitrogen and oxygen. In 3894, Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay showed that another gas was associated with the nitrogen and the atmosphere. This was named argon. In 1898. Ramsay discovered four more gases, helium, neon, krypton and xenon. n n n Oxygen THE separation of oxygen from the atmosphere is one of the important “air industries.” Pure oxygen finds a wide use in the industrial world for welding and cutting of materials with the oxyacetylene torch. It is interesting to note that the flame of this torch can be used either to weld metals together or to cut them apart. The difference depends upon the amount of oxygen used. To get a nutting flame, an additional supply of oxygen is introduced into the flame through a second jet. The process used to prepare oxygen for commercial purposes Is known as the Linde liquid air process. Air is compressed in a tank and cooled. It then is allowed to escape through valve into another tank. This expansion results in further cooling and the cooled air flows through pipes which turn upon themselves so that the air already coded is used to cool the incoming air. Asa result, the air gets colder and colder until finally it liquifies. The liquid air is permitted to flow into yet another tank and settle to the bottom. Since nitrogen begins to turn back to a gas before the oxygen, nitrogen rises to the top of this tank while the oxygen remains at the bottom, from which it can be drawn off in either a liquid or gaseous form.

Nitrogen ANOTHER important “air industry” is based on the nitrogen of the atmosphere. Nitrogen is one of the impotrant constituents of living things. All plants must have nitrogen to live. But unfortuntaely, plants can not utilize the nitrogen of the amosphere. The nitrogen first must be converted into compounds, or nitrates, which are soluble in water. Then the plant can absorb them through its roots. Certain bacteria have the ability to “fix” or turn nitrogen into nitrates. These bacteria live on the roots of clover and that is why farmers periodically plant a field in clover. It helps restore the nitrates of the soil. Until recently, the framers were chiefly dependent upon nitrates imported from the nitrate deposits which occur in Chile. This also was true of the industries which required nitrates. However, nitrogen-fixing processes have been developed and nitrogenfixing has become an important industry both in the United States and Europe. Argon has also become the basis of an industry. The electric light bulbs now are filled with argon. It has been found that, because this gas is chemically inert, it prolongs the life of the filaments. Helium has also become of commercial im; stance. However, there is so little helium in air that its extraction is not yet practical.