Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 157, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 November 1929 — Page 4

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The Important Job Having registered a most emphatic verdict in regard to Coffimsm, the people can be pardoned if they do not show any exceptional interest or excitement in the gossip, plans, and petty conspiracies to obtain a new r chairman for the Republican organization in this city. What they voteu down was not a man, but a system, and what they demand is not jnly anew leader but anew viewpoint in Ladership. If political organizations are dominated by the single ambition of getting jobs for those who have plenty of time to play the game of politics, of getting special favors for privileged contributors to campaign funds, of dispensing public money with a view of favoring friends, changes in the chairmanships mean nothing at all. In fact, it was because Coffin was so effective jurl so conscienceless in these matters that he became discredited and obnoxious. What is needed is a leadership in both parties with a higher ideal than mere victory at the polls. What is demanded is a leadership that will not only refrain from the practices which are identified in the public mind as Coffinism, but will be brave enough to denounce these practices if they are attempted within his own party. Honesty in elections is the first demand. That has been absent. It is still absent in one particular section of the state and that section corrupts and corrodes the whole political system of the state. It is true that during the past four years, the laws and supreme court decisions have been written in a manner that furnishes little protection against frauds, either in election or within party organizations. When it became possible, under the law, for party chairmen to depose precinct men at will and without cause, the first step was taken toward corrupt political organization. That was a denial of the voter of a voice within his own party.

When registration laws were abolished, there went out the first invitation to commit frauds. That invitation was accepted in Lake county and perhaps others. That was responsible for the bringing of truck loads of voters from ChicagP at the last election. It was responsible lor the overthrow of the popular will in elections in the state. The abolition of the primary was the next step in the dethronement of the citizens and the establishment of bossism. What will happen next year remains to be seen. It is possible that the results in the recent elections in the state may suggest more caution than has been exercised in the past. But there should be a drive for two things. The first is the restoration of the primary system by the next legislature. The other, more important, is the approval of the calling of a constitutional convention to rewrite, in plainer terms, the Constitution. Too many inroads have been made on the present document by supreme court decisions, especially into those sections which were designed to protect the civil liberties of citizens. In other spots it is antiquated and unfitted to the new day. These are the big objectives. The reorganization of party committees is only incidental. The people have shown a power and an inclination to overthrow and forget party systems that become corrupt. Free Seas by Magic The London five-power naval conference will not discuss the question of freedom of the seas. That definite assurance has been given to the British people by Prime Minister MacDonald. To the British this news comes as a relief. To most, Americans, probably, It will be a disappointment. One of the reasons the United States entered the World war was to achieve freedom of the seas. That was the issue over which America and Britain fought in 1812. That was the dispute which almost made us fight Britain in 1915 and 1916. That is the purpose of our navy in the main—to guarantee uninterrupted traffic of our commerce and ships when belligerents try to close the seas. A problem so basic to international peace and to naval reduction can not be brushed aside safely as lawyers’ quibbling, which MacDonald appeared to do in his Guildhall address Saturday. • Nor can this issue be left to disappear in the mists of general peace treaties, such as the Kellogg pact renouncing war. ‘'When you remember that the problem of the freedom of the seas, either naval or military, can arise only if bugles have been blown, surely every man and woman of common sense sees that the swiftest and surest method of solving problems is to see that the bugles of war never blow again.” said MacDonald. The prime minister's optimism regarding the automatic and magical self-solution of this problem arises from a confusion between the causes and results of war. The free seas conflict is a cause of war. The war danger, especially between America and Britain, can not be removed until that conflict is removed. Perhaps MacDonald is wise in the decision not to discuss this issue at the London naval conference. Progress can be made only one step at a time, and that conference will do well if it achieves a naval limitation agreement and nothing more. But it would be no gain for peace if the American and British governments and peoples persuaded them-

The Indianapolis Times (A SCKIPI’S-HOIVAHO .NEW SCAPEK) Owned and published daily (except Sunday! by The Indianapolis Tiroes Publishing Cos.. 214-220 W Maryland Street. Indianapolis. Jnd Price in Marion County 2 cents a copy: elsewhere, 3 cents—d'livercd by carrier. 12 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY KOY W HOWARD. FRANK O. MORRISON. Editor. President Business Manager i'HONE — Riley Tl MONDAY. NOV. 11 1929. Member of Cnlted Press, Scrippa-Iloward Newspaper Allirt?ce, Newspaper Enterprise Assoclat]on. Newspaper Information Sertire and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

selves that such naval agreement in itself can prevent war. It will be only one small step. The larger and more important step of agreeing on freedom of the seas then must be taken. Railroad Consolidation Under the leadership of Commissioner C. R. Porter, the interstate commerce commission is completing a tentative plan for regrouping railroads. Particularly the lines east of the Mississippi river. This subject has been before the commission since passage of the transportation act in 1920 and in the absence of definite action from the commission itself railroad interests have sought to prepare their own programs. Fortunately no proposed trunk systems yet have been approved by the commisison. Recently 'the Pennroad corporation, acting for the Pennsylvania railroad, has obtained control of the Canton railroad in Baltimore, the Pittsburgh & West Virginia in Ohio and Pennsylvania, and the Detroit, Toledo & Ironton Henry Ford’s railroad —all strategic lines, to prevent them from falling into the hands of competitors. The Allegheny corporation, a Van Sweringen investment trust, has large holdings in the Chesapeake & Ohio, and other Van Sweringen roads, but the Allegheny corporation was compelled to divest itself of the Wheeling & Lake Erie, another essential link in any comprehensive plan. It is believed that the interstate commerce commission's plan will disregard recent corporate maneuvers to obtain valuable properties and will allocate connecting lines on the basis of the greatest good to the country. This is as it should be.. The recent stock market crash is too close at hand properly to estimate its effect on business, but if the buying power of many families is curtailed, as some economists believe it will be, it is reasonable to assume there will be a decrease in railroad tonnage. This would mean, of course, that earnings which thus far this year have established new records will decrease until such time as the country has adjusted itself. In such situation it is essential that the commission proceed with the utmost care ‘ln rewriting the railroad map, which presumably it is doing. The Tariff Stalemate A year has elapsed since the house ways- -and means committee began hearings on tariff revision, and apparently the measure is as far from passage as it was then. In fact, so pronounced have differences become that there is possibility that no tariff bill at all will be enacted.

Senator Smoot of Utah, chairman of the finance committee, offered to let the coalition of Democratic and Progressive Republicans write their own bill, and promised to expedite its passage if they would do this. Smoot’s offer of surrender reveals the genuineness of the stalemate in the senate. It is an acknowledgment from the regular high tariff group that their fight is hopeless. The coalition declined Smoot’s offer promptly. They are unwilling secretly to prepare a bill during the next ten days, preferring to thrash out the question of rates in the open with full debate. Senator Simmons, ranking Democrat on the finance committee, pointed out that- it would be difficult to support a measure in conference with the house that had been prepared behind closed doors and passed with little discussion. The country hopes with Senator Borah that the tariff question will be disposed of as quickly as possible. Its settlement one way or the other would relieve a degree of uncertainty harmful to business and agriculture. But by and large the consumer has been the gainer through the situation that has developed in the senate. The tariff grab that a Republican majority pushed through the house, and which the Republican leaders in the senate indorsed, is not to be permitted. Delay is preferable to imposing huge additional burdens on consumers for the benefit of industries which do not need help. With the lapse of months, the fact sometimes is lost sight of that the sole purpose of tariff revision was more nearly to establish a paiity between agriculture and industry in our national economic scheme. The public will shed few tears for the plight of the high tariff beneficiaries and their spokesmen in congress. Their own selfishness is responsible.

REASON By FR Ss CK

A FTER this committee gets through with its inA. vestigaticn of the tariff irregularities of 'the firm of Bingham, Grundy & Cos., we wish it would investigate those United States senators who have favored the country with cigaret -testimonials. n u a It is said the next New York social register will contain the name of Colonel Charles A. Lindbergh, but we can imagine Lindy’s caring one single whoop about a little thing like tjrat. 808 It is poor business for our senators to make statements calculated to inflame east and west against each other, for such sectional consciousness is great enough now without adding anything to it. BBS THE physicians attending Clemenceau. the Tiger of France, had a hard time making him cut out athletics in his recent illness. He would turn pale, whereupon they gave him a blood transfusion, only to return and And him chinning himself, then he would collapse and they would pump oxygen into him, whereupon he would jump out of bed and skin the cat. BBS It is strange the Chicago Tribune should go out of its ways v defend Senator Bingham when it tore its shirt of: to go after Senator Lorimer when he was accused of doing things that were likely to bring reproach upon the senate. B B B IT seems strange that anybody should spend his days in dread at the foot of a smoking mountain as these people near Mt. Pelee in the West Indies! but then most of us stay in the land where we first arrived. BBS Justice Hitz sentenced ex-§ecretary Fall to serve one year for seeking to defraud his country of vast oil lands, and Walter B. Pierce of Terre Haute is sentenced to serve one year for embezzling 25 cents. Our goddess of justice needs a sense of proportion. BBS Mine. Curie, the great French woman Who discovered radium, was embarrassed when honored In this country and when she spoke her voice was so low that few could hear her. but when an actress demands alimony, she can be heard lor a mile.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Great Minds No Longer Regard War as Unavoidable, as the Primary Object of Government. ARMISTICE day comes in good time. Not only the clerks in j Wall Street, but the senators in ; Washington need a rest, j If anything, the senators need it ! more. They are fatigued to the point of frazzled nerves, as it would seem. Can't even stand the wisecracking of Mr. Moses, while such an old war horse as Smoot throws up his hands and offers to let the 1 coalition forces write the tariff bill. The coalition declines, and thye you are. tt tt tt China celebrates Armistice day with another “decisive battle,” though what it could decide is hard to guess. Coming closer home, we find Germany celebrating it with a Nationalist drive to spoil the Young plan, while France backs Tardieu and Mussolini beats the tom-tom. Still, the outlook is not hopeless. tt a b World Makes Advance CERTAIN statesmen, like MacDonald, Briand and Hoover, have accepted the idea of disarmament as practical. While that may not look like much of a triumph compared to what extreme pacifists desire, it represents a real step in advance. Twenty-five years ago, any statesman daring to take the position of these men, would have been laughed to scorn. * tt tt Say what you will, anew note has crept into the conversation of •humanity regarding war. Great minds no longer regard war as unavoidable, as the chief business of statecraft, as the primary object of government. That there will be more or less of it until the end of time, they readily concede, but that nations can reduce it by adopting a different attitude, they no longer deny. m tt a We get a clearer idea not only of what happened, but why it happened, as one Armistice day succeeds another. Trained armies led to the eruption of 1914, or more accurately, perhaps, the spirit that brought them into being. It took propaganda to get the taxes and justify the conscription. The peoples of Europe never would have paid such a price unless they had been convinced they were in danger.

Fear Ever Present One war machine gave birth to another. Each government kept track of what its neighbor was doing, and then exaggerated * what it found out, for home consumption The gossip was not only bandied about in ministerial circles, but was written into school histories. Each child was taught to look for menaces beyond the horizon, to suspect all foreigners as enemies, and to accept war as not only the surest, but the most glorious, thing in life. a a a Generally speaking, the American people understood .this situation. That is why they hesitated so long. When they finally decided to join the issue, it was not because they had been swept off their feet by British propaganda, as some have declared, or by sympathy for Belgium, or gratitude toward France or any other particular consideration, but because they had made up their mind that the German war machine must be crushed. In this connection they visualised the German war machine, not as an instrumentality of a single nation, but as the embodiment of a philosophy, as the front and shoulders of a theory of statecraft which civilization needed to discard. nan Passion Takes Toll PASSION and patriotism comb.ned to produce many extravagant declarations in this country. False charges and falser illusionments were paraded to stimulate the ■‘proper spirit,” as we called it. Ruthless laws were passed and those who did not shout on the right key often were handled roughly. Nor have we entirely lived down the effect of this excessive emotionalism. Tom Mooney still is behind prison bars, though few people believe he ever committed the crime for which he was convicted. a a a All things considered, however, the American people realized quite clearly what they were about and what they hoped to accomplish. The fact that they refused to enter the League of Nations, though it was proposed by their own president, is not wholly to their discredit. They did not care to be made party to the enforcement of such an unjust treaty as that of Versailles. They had not fought to crush a people, but a war machine.

Questions ami Answers

When and how did v the business of fire insurance originate? .Certain forms of protection against fire losses existed even among the commercial peoples of antiquity, especially the Romans. In its present form fire insurance developed as an adjunct to the insurance of marine risks. As early as 1635 efforts were made in England to establish it upon a separate footing, but none of these seemed to have borne fruit until after the great fire of London in 1666. In 1661 the first office for the insurance of buildings against fire was opened in London by Nicholas Barbon. When did the great fires in London, England, and Baltimore, Md., occur? The great fire of London started

Will This Be the Next ‘Relief' Campaign?

f :-'J' yj > I ‘WmSm SAY, mister.— ' ' I /A' IPPSM CAM SPARE A J i “ B£ = 3 f pOOFk FELLOW 7 - A , r priC m Tit ' A dime- roR. \ CCno— - 8

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE ‘Grind’ Generally Outlives Athlete

This is the first of a series of four articles by Dr. Morris Fishbein on the hygiene of athletics. BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hvgeia, the Health Magazine. TN the furore created by the recent report on American college athletics of the Carnegie Foundation for the advancement of teaching, most of the attention has been paid to those portions of the report having to do with the recruiting and subsidizing of athletes and commercialism that has rendered college sports a problem. Equally significant, if not more

IT SEEMS TO .ME "S2 D

A COLUMNIST is bound to have his disappointments. Every now and then he writes a piece which seems to him above his average, and then hears nothing about it. I must admit that I liked the article about the man who sent me the threatening letter. I liked it a lot and opened the mail in hope of confirmatory opinion. But in all the batch there was only a single reference to that column, and it merely said: “For any injury, without exception, you would receive S2OO a week. With a nurse or hospital "attention, S4OO a week. Should an operation be necessary, amounts up to SBOO would be paid in addition to the weekly indemnity.” a a a Advances Culture “T REPRESENT,” writes Lyon Kashin, “the society for the advancement of culture. It is our desire to make the nation culture arid intellect conscious To that end it is our idea that the old rhetorical question, ‘How do you do?’ be eliminated and the greeting we suggest be used in its stead. “Two people upon meeting greet each other with ‘how do you do?’ immediately an embarrassed silence falls —conversation generally is then retarded and the intellect remains unused. On the other hand, mark the suggestion for a greeting that we offer, ‘You’re looking well, how have you developed yourself intellectually since I last saw you?’ “I feel confident that the fine possibilites for the beginning of an interesting conversation present themselves to you upon contemplation of this idea. “For instance, what would be your immediate response to the question, ‘How have you developed yourself intellectually since I last saw you?’ ” a a a ‘Says Who’ I’M terribly afraid I wouldn’t be good at that game. Unless I had the luck to think up something snappy, I’d probably try to get by with a simple “Oh, yeah!” Or a plain. “Nix crackin'. ” Kashin’s suggestion involves dangers of which I am afraid he is unaware. Or possibly we do not look

sweeping 436 acres, destroying 13,200 Sept. 6, 1866, and burned four days, houses and many public buildings and ninety churches, including St. Paul's cathedral. Property loss was estimated at between 8,000.000 and 12.000.000 pounds sterling, an enormous sum considering the low values of that time. The great fire in Baltimore occurred Feb. 8 and 9, 1904. The approximate loss was $60,000,000. What is the meaning of the word soviet? It is a Russian word for council or committee. What Is heat lightning? More or less vivid and extensive flashes of electric light without thunder, seen near the horizon, especially at the close of a hot day. It is ascribed to far-off lightning flashes reflected from the higher strata ol clouds.

significant, are those sections of the report which deal with the effects of athletic participation on the bodies of those who take part. In 1928, Dr. L. I. Dublin showed that college men on,the whole have an expectation of life appreciably above that of men in general, that men who, are graduated from small colleges show a lower mortality than graduates of large universities and that athletes, particularly those who have won their letter in athletics, have a somewhat higher mortality than other college graduates. Men of high scholarship seem to

at social responsibilities from the same angle. Custom has softened the edge of “how do you do?” save in very rare instances. This formalized greeting is never taken at face value as an invitation to a conversation. Hereabouts nobody answers, “Well last Thursday I had a touch of tonsilitis, but after a nice warm bath that evening and a couple shots of quinine and whisky I slept like a top until 9:12 a. m. on Friday morning. “For my breakfast I had two soft boiled eggs, three minutes, and one slice of dry toast. Then I took a brisk walk around the reservoir in Central park and that afternoon ” a at: Merely Formal BUT things might be much different with “How have you developed yourself intellectually since I last saw you?” That’s a much longer question and more specefic than the convenient stencil now in use. The other fellow quite possibly might take you at ydur word and undertake to tell you. Suppose he had read a book. There would be no breakaway until an entire resume of the plot was spread upon the record. Now if I agree to use, “How have

ARMISTICE SIGNED November 11 A WAR-WEARY world was wildly celebrating the signing of the armistice eleven years ago today. The war came to an end on Monday, Nov. 11, 1918, at 11 a. m„ French time; 6 a. m., Washington time. Hostilities ceased three weeks after the submission of a note to President Wilson revealing Germany was anxious to make peace. The armistice which was imposed upon Germany by the allies and the United States was signed by the German plenipotentiaries at 5 a. m., Paris time, and went into effect six hours later. The morning of Nov. 11 was cold and foggy along .the battle-front. The minutes passed slowly. An occasional shell told that peace was not yet. Suddenly as the watchhands touched 11 there came a moment of silence, and then a curious rippling sound which observers far behind the lines likened to the noise of a light wind. It was the sound of men cheering for miles along the front. Meanwhile, business was at a standstill, as millions of people in the United States joined in a noisy celebration of peace. Are albinos a race of people? It is not the name of a separate race, but is applied to any individual in whom there is a congenital deficiency in the coloring pigment of the hair, skin o~ iris of the eye. What is the popnlation of the world? The estimated population Is 1,748,000,000,

outlive athletes and all graduates as a group. According to Dr. Dublin, the majority of evidence tends to show that it is not men or women of the best physique particularly who live longest, but that the men who spend much of their time in the library ana in the laboratory come out best in the matter of longevityThe studies of Dublin are confirmed by other investigators. In the majority of cases, intellectual superiority is associated with physical vigor, but our college athletics, as they have been conducted for a generation .and more, have not conduced to long life.

Ideals and opinions expressed in (his column are those one of America’s most interesting writers, and ate presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude rs this paper.—The Editor.

you developed yourself intellectually since I last saw you?” I insist upon having the privilege of adding very quickly, “But don’t tell me. I want to be surprised.” “After noting your second backthumping of Ernest Hemingway in regard to 'A Farewell to Arms,’ I want to rise in rage and smite the table,” writes X. Y. Z. “You praise him as a beneficial example to those of the writing generation who love too well the flowered phrase, the bizarre word structure, the written picture glowing with iridesecence. “Now', darn it, a lot of people like myself like to write and to read hugely what other people have written. We are going to become discontented if they digest your philosophy in this particular. a a a Reads Too Much “DY necessity you have to do more reading than you really want to. It’s reasonable that you should react joyously to plain, unadorned writing. You are like the poor celebrity who, after a month of caviar and old wine at official dinners, shouts with rapture when he is privileged to sit down to corned beef and cabbage in a poor man’s hut. “But as far as I’m concerned, here’s to the sparkling original simile, the happy phrase, the glowing word! You, Mr. Broun can have your adjectiveless nouns and onesyllable verbs with which to conjure pictures in your brains. “We poor thircters at the fountain of literature must have our ambrosia. More of it, and the smells on the subway will seem more bearable, and the milk at the lunch counters less tasteless.” (Copyright, 1929. by The Times)

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.NOV. 11, 1929

SCIENCE By DAVID DIETZ —

The Whole Outer Region of the Sun's Atmosphere Literally Is Floating on Sunbeams. on a sunbeam, long a phrase of poetic fancy, now has become one of scientific reality, according to Professor A. S. Eddington, famous astronomer of Cambridge, England. According to Professor Eddington, the whole outer region of the sun's atmosphere literally is floating on sunbeams. The outer portion of the sun, when examined with proper astronomical instruments, is seen to consist of a number of layers. First of all, there is the so-called surface of the sun, from which the light of the sun comes. But it must be remembered that this surface is gaseous. In fact, there is every reason to believe that the sun is gaseous to its very center. The surface of the sun is called the photosphere. Above the photosphere is a layer of slightly cooler gases known as the reversing layer. Above it is a third layer known as the chiomosphere. This consists chiefly of hydrogen and helium and certain other gases in an electrified or ionized condition. From the chromosphere arise great tongues of streamers of gaseous material. These flaming tongues, for they have a temperature of about 6,000 degrees, sometimes - , reach a height of fiO.OOO miles, ten times the diameter of our earth. tt tt s: Pound of Light IT is the chromosphere, which, in the opinion of Eddington, is floating on sunbeams. In addition, he believes that the violent motion of the solar prominences is due to the push of sunbeams. Eddington’s view is based upon the most recent findings concerning the nature of light. Experiments have shown that light exerts pressure. It is possible with delicate measuring devices to measure the push exerted by a beam of light. The fact that light exerts pressure means that light possesses weight or mass. Professor Eddington says that there is no reason why one should not pay for his electric light by the pound. However, a pound of light would be a bit expensive because it would take a vast amount of light to exert a pressure equal to a pound. Eddington calculates that at present rates for electricity, a pound of light would cost $50,000,000. However, the amount of light pouring out of the sun is gigantic. And Professor Eddington believes that it exerts so great a pressure that the light gases of the chromosphere are gases which have been swept up from the photosphere or surface of the sun by the great outward rush of light waves. This force exerted by the outward rush of light is known technically as radiation pressure. a tt b Range RADIATION pressure, according to Eddington’s view, plays an important part not only in the sun but in all the stars. It should be remembered that our sun and the stars are very much alike. Our sun is a star, or to put it the other way, every star is a sun. The sun and most stars are believed to be great globes of gaseous material. They continue to exist, according to Eddington’s view, because they are in a state of equilibrium. The gravitational pull of the star upon the material composing it tends to contract the star. If this was the only influence at work, the star would collapse. On the other hand, radiation pressure delivers an outward thrust. If it were the only influence at work, the star would explode and be blown to pieces. The reason the star stays in existence is due to the fact that radiation pressure balances gravitational pull.

Daily Thought

And every man that striveth for the mastery is temperate in all tilings.—l Corinthians 9:24. B B B There is no difference between knowledge and temperance; for he who knows what is good and embraces it, who knows what is bad and avoids it, is learned and temperate.—Socrates.