Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 134, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 October 1929 — Page 4

PAGE 4

ICKI**S • M Os AM P

Studies of Crime Just how soon the prison population will begin to dwindle after the crime investigators named by Governor Leslie get busy is largely problematical. Some day there will be a scientific inquiry designed not to discover the faults of the machinery for punishment and reform, but to disclose the causes that turn normal and peaceful individuals into criminals. When the causes of crime are known, crime can be cured. Fortunately or otherwise, there are two cases which might well be immediately put to laboratory tests by the investigators. They contain factors that may give a hint as to the cause of the breakdown of the law. The first case is that of the sudden death of a citizen in the Calumet. It is quite likely to be officially determined that he chased and caught up with the bullet that caused his death. In another case it would be murder. This citizen had himself been a law violator. He had been a bootlegger and knew the little tricks by which those in this industry escape the rigors of the law. He knew his way around. He had disclosed some of these secrets to the federal grand jury in the northern part of the state. It is intimated that he gave such information concerning the alcoholic floods of the Calumet, whose wetness dates back to 1926. His death followed with such promptness that the superstitious might think it a vengeance by Bacchus. Out of all the hundreds of thousands of citizens, this federal witness walked in the path of a bullet fired by a negro who had reason to fear the law. And with the death of this witness the politicians who do such funny things with voting returns feel safer. When the Governor’s investigators discover why it is unsafe to give testimony in .the federal courts against criminals who are Triends of politicians and very safe to kill such a witness, they will have a part of the answer. Turning from the Calumet, they might scrutinize the case of Petty, until yesterday a deputy sheriff and for a long time one of the ward leaders of Coffinism. Petty is under sentence to the penal farm for driving an automobile while drunk. It took two trials to get that result. The evidence was significant. When the citizen whose car was wrecked sought redress, he was told, so it was asserted on the witness stand, that he was lucky to be out of jail himself for getting in the way of the bibulous officer. Witnesses said that they were threatened with the loss of jobs in the schools unless they protected this Coffin chairman. There were open assertions that every influence of Coffinism was being used to protect the officer who, says a jury, was himself drunk while charged with the responsibility of protecting the public from other drunken drivers. The people may not need an official inquiry to get the answer. They are fast learning that there is a close connection between crime and machine government. Machine politics needs the power to twist the laws and defy them. It needs the power to protect its tools. It mocks law by protecting the lawless. In this city a long step toward preventing crime can be taken by destroying that thing in government called Coffinism. The New Diplomacy The President and the premier have, done more than break ground for better Anglo-American relations. They are working out anew method in diplomacy—and. strangely enough, in secret diplomacy. When man had time to understand what the late war was all about, they came to blame secret diplomacy for much of the trouble. Therefore, Wilson was voicing a “general discovery and a popular faith when he called for anew diplomacy. functioning through open covenants, openly arrived at. Tfeat sounded right enough. But it didn't work out well. Even the apostles of full publicity had to admit after awhile that the center of a stage is not the best place in the world for a frank exchange of conflicting views. The difficulty is obvious. When the public is in sane mood, open diplomacy forces the diplomats to conform to a high standard of International ethics. But when the public is in a belligerent and suspicious mood, open diplomacy forces the diplomats to assume a belligerent and nationalistic attitude which is the death of international agreement. At such times it is only human for the diplomat to play the gallery at home. The statesman has the double problem of reaching an international agreement and at the same time carrj'lng his own public along with him. Sometimes the latter is the more difficult task. And at such times open diplomacy can retard rather than advance peace. That Is precisely what happened at the ill-fated Geneva naval conference called by Coolidge. Neither in Britain nor in America was public opinion on the sijjle of friendly agreement. So the Geneva negotiations became a vicious circle, in which belligerent open di-

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plomacy and nationalistic sentiment at home reacted upon each other. MacDonald and Hoover, to prevent a repetition of that earlier failure, appear to be working out a system of diplomacy which is half secret and half open. There has been a great deal of official publicity given the months of naval negotiations in London and and many official statements on the progress made. But the points of disagreement were left unmentioned. The public had no view of the vital Issues of the discussions until the disputes were settled. In this way the two governments have kept the public informed of their purpose without letting the public get wrought up over the conflicts and sacrifices inherent in such negotiations. This method has been so successful, as between the United States and Britain, that it now Is to be attempted with the other naval powers. Having worked out in semi-secrecy a tentative Anglo-American agreement, the President and the premier now make it clear in the formal conference invitations that they intend to carry on similar semi-secret negotiations with the other powers before the conference meets. If the plan succeeds, the result will be an open conference and an open covenant, arrived at after long and patient secret negotiations. This method attempts to take the best features from both the old secret diplomacy and the new open diplomacy and create a realistic diplomacy effective for peace. Anew method will not be perfected in a day, but results so far demonstrate that the President and the premier are on the right track. The Bluff Fallacy General Smedley Butler, speaking on disarmament in a speech before the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences, said: “There is no use throwing away your rifles and ships. We have got to put up a bluff. It would be the same as taking the police off the streets and making treaties with the gunmen if we did not present a united front to foreign nations.” We need not pause to comment on the likening of our neighbors to gangsters, but the bluff fallacy is worthy of examination. It is sincerely held by many. The plain fact is that the bluff game simply can not work and never has worked. If it were successful, it only would frighten others into abandoning their defenses, thus resulting in world" domination for the best bluffer—hardly a pleasant prospect for the rest of the nations. Actually, the bluffing inevitably scares the other states into an increase of armaments, so they may also sit in on. the game. Having thrown a “front,” they find it impossible to retire gracefully, lest they lose prestige. In any crisis, therefore, they become more concerned with saving their faces than preserving the peace. The bankruptcy of the bluffing method was revealed fully in July, 1914. The chief reason why the murder at Sarajevo led all Europe into the abyss was the fact that no great power was willing to back down in the interest of peace.

t-> A CAM FREDERICK REASON By LANDIS

THE common people of the United States and Great Britain will say “Amen” to the joint declaration of President Hoover and Premier MacDonald that war between the two countries is “unthinkable.” In view of this declaration, both countries should now go one step farther and serve notice on their respective jingoes that the matter is also untalkable. a a a As an additional effort to avoid irritation between the two countries, we should request Great Britain to keep at home all of her lecturers who desire to visit our shores to impress us with our inferiority and we should keep at home all rubber-kneed incense burners who desire to visit England to proclaim such inferiority. . tt tt tt In the wake of this friendly conference between our President and Great Britain’s premier, we may now expect the flood gates of ultra-pacifism to be lifted in America and our public platforms to be inundated by the groundless ecstasies of those who say that if the only peaceable members of the family of nations would just make itself absolutely defenseless, the war-like members of the family would play postoffice with each other until the day of judgment. tt tt tt THIS insistence that other nations would trtrow their armor off and henceforth stroke each other’s bangs with the velvet caress of enduring love, if only we would make ourselves defenseless, does not rise to the dignity of Mother Goose, as no nation in this world maintains one soldier or one ship because it fears the United States. a o a If any nation ever did possess such fear, it would have been removed by America’s attitude when the war ended and for years thereafter. At the peace conference, this nation was the most powerful of all those who stood there victorious; it could have taken anything it wanted, yet while our allies ravished the map of the world, this country said: “I want no money; I want no land!” a a tt Surely any nation which would fear such an international Santa Claus needs a nerve specialist rather than assurances of peaceful intentions from a country that did not even have sufficient intestinal fortitude to collect the debts Europe owed it. a a a And then there came another, if a needless, assurance of our docility, the Washington naval conference during Harding's time. f a tt IT was there agreed that we should have equal naval strength with Great Britain and both countries should have more than Japan. a a a We scrapped real ships and we did not build up to the limit allowed, but did Great Britain stop building because we did not build? They did not; they built up to the limit. And yet the super-pacifist shouts: “Disarm and the world will follow you!” . o a a In a little while the evangelists of utter helplessness, intoxicated by the MacDonald visit, will come among us, holding before our eyes the conceded horrors of war. then ask us to discard the only shield that can Sfeve us from such horrors, arguing that if we will only abhor a thing with our hearts we can conquer the thing we abhor. a a a We will put down our shooting irons any day. any place, and in any degree, provided other nations will do the same, but until sanity forsakes the American mind we will not believe that faith alone can cure war when It can not even cure a wart! We will not trade Uncle Sam for Pollyannai \

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

If the Movie Can Be Used to Dramatize Trash, Why Can't It Be Used to Dramatize Knowledge? WILLIAM Fox is not content with the talkie as a plaything. He thinks it could be used to good advantage in our churches and schools. Not only that, but he is willing to back the proposition with his experience and money. The amazing part of it is that educators should have waited for a theater man to advance such a idea. One can not review what has occurred during the last twenty-five years without astonishment at the backwardness of education in this respect. Though billions have been spent in construction of new buildings and for installation of new equipment, comparatively little has been done to promote the new and improved media of communication. O tt U If the movie can be used to dramatize knowledge, and if the radio can carry jazz, why not information? We have seen the theater popularizded by what seme are pleased to call “canned entertainment.” What reason is there to suppose that “canned instruction” might not do equally well for the school? bub Ignorance Reigns IN spite of systematized publicity, the radio, movies and other modem means of communication, onehalf the world still remains surprisingly ignorant of how the other half lives. Comes a farmer’s wife from Ohio to milk a cow for the edification of New Yorkers. The performance is sufficiently novel to gather a large crowd on Park avenue, and the greatest difficulty in startin'- n is to find a cow for her to milk.

New York drinks more milk than it ever did, but knows less about cows. By the same token, It drinks less hooch, but knows more about speakeasies and night clubs. A report just issued by the Committee of Fourteen, organized some twenty-four years ago to. suppress commercialized prostitution, says tha speakeasies and night clubs are responsible for the bulk of the traffic, with Harlem as the chief center. Elaborating this contention, the report declares that the night club and speakeasy are aided by a certain type of employment agency, together with which a traffic in “hostesses” is conducted regularly. Something more for Tammany to worry about just before election. tt tt Suddenly Virtuous MEANWHILE, the virtuous side of New York’s administrative picture is revealed by Park Commissioner Herrick’s announcement that he will cancel the Casino lease instantly if he hears of it selling a single drink. This Casino, modelled after the most swanky of European restaurants and occupying a delightful corner of Central park, pays the city a rental of $8,500 a year, though its gross revenue is said to exceed two millions, while its “hat” and “shine” concessions bring in more than the rent. Sad as it may be to realize that the city administration is not perturbed over such an obviously bad business deal, it is delightful to learn that the lease will be cancelled if ’a single drink" is reported. B B tt As though the cow and the Casino were not enough to prove the queer contrasts of life, Mr. La Guardia, Republican candidate for mayor, wants to know why the same loaf of bread that can be bought for 10 cents in Philadelphia costs 11 in New York. Interesting as that question may be, the average inhabitant of northern China can ask a harder one. What the average inhabitant of northern China would like to know is why he can’t get any kind of a loaf of bread at any price. n b b f) Starving in China WHILE we enjoy our own prosperity, and rightly so, millions of people actually are starving to death on the other side of the world. According to a recent report, the scarcity of food has become so pronounced that houses actually are being swapped for bushels of grain, while some of the bread lines are so long that it takes them two days to pass a relief station. Evidently we have a long way to go before the world is made safe for life, much less democracy. U B B Still, we are making progress. We know when other people are in trouble, even if we are not in a position to do much about it. Seventy-five, or even fifty years ago, the famine in China would have been over before we heard about it. Some day, perhaps, we will learn how to distribute relief as quickly as we now get information.

Daily Thought

She hath wearied herself with lies, and her great scum went not forth out of her; her scum shall be in the fire. —Ezekiel 24:12, 1 u a a Every life, great or small, is the brink of a precipice, the depth of which nothing but omniscience can fathom.—Reade. To what extent has the number of fatalities from automobile accidents increased since 1920? There were 11,074 fatalities in 1920 and 24,932 in 1928. What does the name Ulrich mean? It is Teutonic and means noble ruler.

That’s Going to Complicate Things

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Use Cold Cream to Avert Chapping

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hvgeia, the Health Magazine. THE winter season soon will be upon us. Already the chilling blasts of fall roughen the hands and cheeks of the visitor to football games. Chapping does not usually occur in warm weather, because the skin secretes sufficient oily materials from the perspiration to keep the skin well greased and oiled. When skin gets dry, it chaps. When skin gets chapped and moistened with water, blood and

IT SEEMS TO ME By ’ BROUN

I THINK the theater is going rapidly over the hill. Here and there, of course, there will be fugitive performances, just as charades are played, but as an art form the spoken drama soon will cease to be important. The factors whach are combining to bring about the twilight of the gallery gods are not altogether commercial. Even though the returns from talkies are much greater than any legitimate play can produce. the troupers might hang on even as opera singers have done in an age of large scale production. It is the artists themselves who will begin increasingly to recognize that this time the machine actually has done them a good turn. It seems to me that the pictures, now that they have found a voice, offer a fare more flexible medium for the transmission of ideas and emotion than does the old style drama. Why Hurry? IT is not pertinent to ask. “Where are the Ibsens, Shakespgares and Shawp of the screen?” They haven’t come yet nor anyone even vague„y approaching such stature. Give them time. In spite of many predictions to the contrary I doubt whether Shakespeare would have had much fun in old Hollywood. That is, during his working hours. But I dount very much whether he would have snooted at the form which the new style medium presented to him. Sound still needs improvement, but there is no apparent barrier to its perfection and when the process has been smoothed out I see no reason on earth why a playwright

t"( 5 TH£-=-AliV S’addddr

CZAR BANS ALCOHOL Oct. 15

ON Oct. 15, 1914, the czar of Russia prohibited forever the sale of spirituous liquors—chiefly vodka. Three months before, all wine, beer and vodka shops had been closed as a temporary measure, in view of the order for mobilization of land and sea forces of the empire. But the people made us f the occasion, and demanded the prohibition of the sale of alcohol for the whole duration of the war, and, if possible, forever. Early in September, 1914, the council of ministers announced that his imperial majesty had decided to prohibit forever the sale df spirituous liquors. These orders, however, did not apply to malt liquor and wines. Local governing bodies were allowed to petition for a complete prohibition of the sale of all alcoholic beverages within the limits of their jurisdiction. Petrograd restricted the sale of wine to forty-nine first-class hotels and restaurants and only permitted liquor to be sold with meals. The city of Moscow adopted complete prohibition of all intoxicants.

-DAILY HEALTH SERVICE-

serum ooze through the cracks and crusts form. Obviously, the method of preventing chapping of the skin is to keep the skin protected by suitable oils, to wash the skin only with nonirritating substances, and to dry the skin thoroughly after washing. The only way to escape the dry air and wind is to wear gloves on the hands and to keep the skin protected by other methods. Women usually accomplish this by liberal use of creams and powders. Men usually are not so much troubled, because they have tougher skin.

should not find it possible to do even a “Hamlet” in talking picture form. There are commercial barriers which limit the sweep of creative imagination. Censorship regulations, mass production for morons and other factors may stay the hand of talent. But this has nothing to do with the medium itself. There is no reason, or more precisely there will be no reason, why the very best that, is in the boldest dreamers may not be flashed and sounded on the screen. B B B More Chance INDEED it is much easier to be subtle in a talking picture than in a spoken play. The drama always has seen a vehicle most cramping to finesse. Geniuses, of course, were able to overcome the physical limitations of the theater, but it has ruined many a pretty talent by imposing its necessities of repetition and overemphasis. Background and environment are almost impossible to achieve upon the stage. Life necessarily is pictured as a series of clashes between a restricted number of individuals. You may have Caesar, but not his legions. Indeed Shakespeare himself was forced to present the assassination of the emperor as if it were a pretty private quarrel. No dramatist ever has been able to approach the novelist either in sweep of effect or in detail. Even in the treatment of the individual, the playwright has been forced to stop at the outer surface of the forehead. Eugene O’Neill has tried desper-

Questions and

Answers

Is tbe unicorn a real animal? No, it is a fabulous animal represented as having a single long horn, commonly described as a native of India. It is supposed that one of the several large antelopes may have furnished the basis for tales of the unicorn since the long straight or recurved horns viewed in profile would appear single. In healdry the representation of the fabulous animal is used as a bearing. It is delineated as a horse, but with the tail of a lion and a long straight horn growing out of the forehead between the ears, often hoofs are represented as cloven. What is the derivation and meaning of the family name Mattingly? It Is a British family name derived from a locality and means Matthew’s meadow. Matt was a common nickname for Matthew, the “tag” denotes possession, and the “ly” stands for “lea” or meadow. What price was paid by the New York Yankees for Babe Ruth when he was purchased from the Boston Red Sox? The reported sale price was $125,000. Which three states raised the largest peanut crops in 1927? Georgia 220,400,000 pounds; North [Carolina, 157,537,000 pounds, and Alabama, 149,600,000 pouhds.

Manufacturers of cosmetics have prepared all sorts of creams to be smeared on the face to prevent chapping, such as occurs during motoring or during exposure on the football bleachers. Any good cold cream will serve the purpose Since the cream has a tendency to wear off, it probably is best to grease the skin once or twice during the day and before going to bed at night. If the chapping is very severe and painful, It probably is wise for women to wear gloves invariably and to wear a light veil to break the force of the wind and to hold in the moisture.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those c l one of America’s most interesting writers, and are presented without regard to tbe.r agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude rs this paper.—The Editor.

ately to break through this wall and bring drama into those inner areas where it actually belongs. But he has been obliged to use devices so heavy and clumsy that they fell of their own weight. In fact, the drama has been a medium in which the creative artists have been compelled to deal with emotion without once penetrating the seat of emotion. The soliloquy is not only clumsy, but misleading in expounding mental processes. The screen author who suddenly can insinuate some image before the eyes of his audience and withdraw it as quickly has the dramatist at a great disadvantage. ft ft tt With Sound vjUT the mental concept may be neither a word nor a picture. It can be a less articulate sound. The whirr of an airplane propeller is enough to start a long train of associations in the mind of an aviator. . These come with a speed and an illogicality which may not be reproduced save by the novelist and the screen playwright. It is Freud, as much as the men with new tangled machines, who has made the old-style stage archaic. More and more we want to know the unconscious motivation of the characters in stories. This was marred by the high visibility of the wires. Life has knocked down walls. The theater is not competent to follow. The stage is dying, but from the next room comes a lusty squall. Maybe the sound is not always pleasing to the ear. These noises are still incoherent. The talkies, you see, are in their infancy. But it is a bouncing child. I think it may fly high. (Copyright. 1929. by The Times!

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OCT. 15, 1929

SCIENCE By DAVID DIETZ —

The Carnegie Institution Seeks to Rebuild the Cities of the Lost Mayan Civilizati o n on The i r Original Sites. \ NCIENT temples at which the *- Maya Indians worshiped centuries ago, are once more lifting their heads to the skies in all their original glory. Their rebirth is the result of the policy followed by the Carnegie institution of Washington in its archeological investigations in Central America. Lord Elgin carried away the treasures of the Parthenon to enrich the British museum. Napoleon made the collection of art objects for the Louvre a part of his military campaigns. But the Carnegie institution has adopted a radically new policy. It seeks to rebuild the cities of a lost civilization upon their original sites. Five years ago, a visitor to the site of Chichen Itza, Yucatan, once the chief city of the so-called “new empire" of the Maya Indians, would have noticed a great tree-covered mound rising about fifty feet above a heavily wooded plain. Today upon that same site stands the Temple of the Warriors, the most elaborately decorated building of the great city which once flourished at Chichan Itza. The archeologists of the Carnegie institution attacked the great mound, removed the trees and underbrush growing upon it, cleared away the dirt and debris and uncovered the ruins of the ancient temple. Then, instead of seizing carved stones and ornaments to carry away to some museum, they began the task of rebuilding the ancient temple on its own site. B B B 'Chac Mool' r T''HE Temple of the Warriors rests upon a pyramidal foundation thirty-seven feet high and 136 feet square at the base. The pyramid is faced with dressed stone. The pyramid rises in four terraces, the vertical wall of each terrace being decorated with a richly carved frieze of eagles, jaguars, warriors, and an animal of unknown oroigin, which the archologists refer to as “the wooly.” The temple, which stands upon the pyramid, is approached with a steep stairway, thirty-four feet wide, containing thirty-six stone steps. Two massive stone columns, decorated with feathered serpents, guard the entrance to the temple. The serpents are carved so that their heads rest upon the ground, while the tufted tail-rattles rise fifteen feet above the ground. In front of this doorway is a fullsize reclining human figure carved from limestone. This type of figure, common in Maya sculpture, is a minor god known as a Chac Mool. The figure always is reclining on back and elbows, with knees drawn up and arms close to the sides. The abdomen always is flat or depressed, presumably to serve as an altar for incense and other offerings. Stone by stone the Carnegie archaeologists are repairing the exterior and interior of the temple, fitting the carved blocks back into position, much as one might piece together a jog-saw puzzie. B B B Buried taUT though the Carnegie archen ologists are restoring the temple, they are also missing no opportunity to exnlore it thoroughly. E. H. Morris, in charge of the excavation of the temple, discovered a square sculptured column buried in the northwest corner of the pyramid which supports the temple. The top of this column was seventeen feet below the floor level of the temple proper. This led him to believe that the Temple of the Warriors stood upon the site of a still earlier temple. Shafts were sunk into the pyramid and excavations started. Concrete piers were put in to keep the pyramid from crumbling as the excavations progressed. Before long, the beautifully painted columns of a buried temple were revealed. The colors here were more brilliant than any of those ever before found in a Maya ruin, leading the archeologists to believe that the Temple of the Warriors had been built deliberately upon the top of the earlier temple while it still was in excellent condition. The activities of the Carnegie Institution in Yucatan are under direction of Dr. Sylvanus G. Morley.