Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 130, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 October 1929 — Page 4

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11 tt !tt * 1 - HOWAM D

A Real Opportunity Not often has a candidate for office the same opportunity for public service that would be his after his election. Such is the happy predicament of Candidate Glossbrenner. Unquestionably he desires, as do all good citizens, that the schools be taken from the grip of Coffinism and politics be eradicated from them and their control. Unquestionably, were he not a candidate for office, he would be giving his time and his money to that fine organization of citizens which has named a ticket to accomplish these purposes. Unquestionably as a business man and a taxpayer he must be alarmed by the nearbankruptcy which the control of the schools by Coffinism has produced. Asa candidate of the organization which is relied upon by Coffin to deliver the votes, Mr. Glossbrenner has his real opportunity to strike a blow for decency in government. It is very probable that the workers who expect rewards of various kinds, ranging from the envelope on election day to the workless job for the worthless man after election, would think a second time before they attempted to pull any rough stuff against candidates supported by the man they hope will be the next mayor. By one single act, Mr. Glossbrenner can do more than any one man to insure the divorce of the schools from politics. A public announcement that he will compel his chairman, George Coffin, to name as inspectors of the election, lists of citizens selected by the Citizens School committee would insure an honest count of ballots. It would also go far to insure the election of the five self-sacrificing citizens who have been drafted to save the schools. By taking such action, Mr. Glossbrenner would make the indorsement unanimous. The attitude of his opponent, Reginald Sullivan, has never been in doubt on such matters. He has always aided the forces that have worked for better things in government. He was trusted by the City Manager League to secure an honest count of votes. Standing at the side of Mr. Sullivan in the crusade to save the schools from Coffinism, whose evils and whose tyrannies must be most obvious to his more recent km pledge of the workings of the system, Mr. Glossbrenner can save the schools, even if he never holds public office. And that would be really worth while.

Mellon Will Remain No over the hills to the poorhouse for Andrew W. Mellon. The White House says he can have his job till the administration goes out. Time was when that announcement would have stirred up the voters in the doubtful states. Unkind critics would have recalled that, as one of our richest men, his power in the Harding and Coolidge administration usually was on the side of the vested interests. There was that matter of secret tax refunds to corporations and open insistence that the poor be taxed as much as possible and the rich as little as possible. There was the government’s failure to prosecute vigorously the Mellon aluminum trust and the governments alacrity in pushing the Mellon Gulf Oil Company's alleged case against Colombia. But Hoover never has seemed impressed by Mellon's millions, nor awed by Mellon's financial genius. And he has no political debts to Mellon, who opposed his nomination. Hoover already has reversed various Mellon policies, publicly and with gusto. That was the case when the President decided for publicity on tax refunds. Also he has ignored several Mellon patronage pleas. No. Mellon is not the power in Washington he used to be. Then why has the President decided to retain him, even though Mellon now apparently is willing to take all his policies from the White House? v One answer is that Mellon is to be Hoover’s 6op Wall Street. The street likes Mellon and doesn’t jfke Hoover, whose nomination it fought. The street / thinks Mellon is an emergency brake on the administration. That remains to be seen. So far Hoover has not been stopped by Mellon on tax, or oil conservation, or on anything else that is known. If the secretary does get too influential again, Couzens and his other critica can be depended upon to make things awfully hot. Meanwhile, it is just possible the President can use Mellon. Some day there may be a showdown with ihose New York bankers who have been sabotaging he federal reserve board’s efforts to restrict speculaion. When that day comes. Mellon could be useful in balDing to bring Wall Street to time. Free the Philippines Unexpectedly the question of Philippine Independence has bobbed up in the senate and threatens to delay the tariff bill. Worse things cou'.d happen than permanent delay of this viciously high tariff measure, and the time is long overdue when the status of the Philippines •mould be settled; but It is improbable that any such oaalc national policy as the latter will be disposed of as a casual legislative interlude. The same factors which have prevented a showdown on policy during the last five years still exist. Both the Republican and Democratic parties are divided. Inaction means continuance of the status quo. That is fairly satisfactory to the opponents of inde-

The Indianapolis Times <A KCKIPPB-HOWAHD NEHMMPEK) rwn*<l and published dally <*>pept Sunday I by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-220 W Maryland Street. Indianapolis, ind I’riee In Marlon County 2 cents a copy: elsewhere. 3 cents—delivered by carrier, 12 cents a week. BOYD OO K LEY HOY W HOWARD, FRANK G MORRISON. Editor President Business Manager I HONE- Riley fißftl THURSDAY. OCT. 10 1929. Member of United Preaa. itcripps Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way”

pendence. Thus in effect American policy is determined by default. That is a stupid and dangerous method of determining anything. It is especially dangerous in this case because it contributes to nation;: 1 hypocrisy on the part of the United States. W’e are in the position of formally having pledged the Filipinos their independence and of ignoring that pledge. Either the Jones law pledge should be withdrawn or it should be acted upon. If we can rot be just, we can at least be honest. This newspaper favors independence, for two reasons: Because the islands have an Inherent right to govern themselves, and because they are a political and naval liability to the United States. Under the present arrangement, we are responsible for their protection. As every naval officer knows, but as few citizens realize, we could not protect them in war against a naval power with far eastern bases. In an unsuccessful attempt to do so, we would have to divert cruisers needed to protect our coasts and the Hawaiian and Panama focal points. Meanwhile, our possession of the Philippines is used as an argument for a bigger navy. It comes down to a case of being able to fulfill our responsibilities or of getting out. Since the Filipinos as a whole don’t want us there and since we have nothing to gain by staying there, we should get out. That does not mean we must leave the Philippines to the mercy of some invading power or that we must sever economic relations with the islands. It would be relatively easy to get the powers—and all nations for that matter—to sign with us a treaty of non-aggression, security, and perpetual freedom for the Philippines. Such international agreement would give the islands better protection than they now enjoy. As for trade, is there any reason why we can not hold our own in open competition with other nations? Asa matter of fact, it never will be open competition.. It will be natural for them to retain American financial and economic ties. In justice to the Philippines and to us, their political status should be settled.

Laws and Citizens Johns Hopkins university, traditionally a leader in research, has established an institute of law. It will study the effect of our multitudinous laws upon the citizen. All supposedly are designed for his protection and welfare, yet, as President Ames of Hopkins points out, “no one knows.” What is the exact effect of a tariff bill, of a zoning ordinance, of anew tax policy, or a criminal statute? What are the effects of court decisions upon the law and, through it, upon the community? Such study is needed the more because w r e live in a civilization which is enlarging tremendously, which Is changing more and more rapidly each day, yet depends on the whole upon conceptions of law established generations ago. One of the censequences is growing disregard and disrespect for laws. Another is the attempt to patch up the aged fabric of the law and to stretch it over these new conditions, instead of starting afresh. The attempt to meet the whole modem increase of crime by a Baumes statute, putting fourth offenders in prison for life, is a case in point. The Johns Hopkins institute represents a worthy attempt by a great university to pioneer in an important but neglected field. It may be hard for the scrub to sit on the sidelines, but he might console himself with the thought that the regulars get all the breaks.

REASON By FR lant>lS K

HALF of England listened on the radio as New York City went wild over the arrival of Premier Ramsay MacDonald and if there’s anything between nations, except apple sauce, that should do more good for peace than all the diplomatic powwows ever held. The radio should be the real ambassador, for when millions can speak to millions, high above boundaries and conspiracies the plotters of wars should find their occupation gone. a a tt Mr. Hoover runs a big risk to take Premier Mac* Donald out to that fishing place to have this disarmament conversation, for while MacDonald will agree to scrap everything if he catches a big string of fish, think how he will tighten up if he doesn’t get a bite. u tt o The word from Paris is that the fall styles show that dresses will fasten up the back and fasten with hooks and eyes. As if our divorce rate were not high enough now! 9 a a THE treasury department has stopped hip slapping by prohibition agents, but Secretary Mellon would probably rather have an officer slap him on the hip than slap him on the cellar. a a a Colonel Theodore Roosevelt has a fine job as Governor of Porto Rico. He sits in a palace by the sea and his only responsibility is to take care that the Mrs. Gann of Porto Rico sits where she should. m a a The doctors up at Neenah, Wis., wonder why it is that Mr. Victor Larsen’s hair comes out every time a child is bom to his wife. We should say it is because they neglect to lock up his mother-in-law. a a tt THE declaration of Senator Overman of North Carolina that the Russian government is behind the textile strike in his state and that ‘'Russian gold is corrupting the youth of America” is the greatest joke of 1929. The infamous child labor system of southern states has corrupted American youth more than all other things combined. a a a Arthur Wolff who plays football on the high school team at Thayer. Mo., is five feet, eleven inches and weighs 390 pounds Before long he will be receiving delegations from the leading universities of the United States. tt a tt The other day in Washington Mrs. Gann was marketing when she heard that Ramsay MacDonald s daughter was eoming to call on her and she hurried back, getting home just a few minutes before Miss : ilacDonald arrived, which is about as narrow an escape from total destruction, as this nation has ever had. a a a O. L. Bodenhamer of Arkansas, newly elected national commander of the American Legion, will have to go some to keep up with the standard set by Paul McNutt \ - ’

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS:

Few Men Have the Stamina to Dig Out Knowledge by Themselves, But They Generally Can Be Depended on to Make Good Use of It. PREMIER MACDONALD gets a degree from George Washington university. He could get one from a dozen others if he had the time. Even so, the honor would be theirs rather than his. It is a case of the educational system paying homage to a man who acquired an education without its help—a feat which still is possible, though one never would guess it from modem chatter. Premier MacDonald never attended a university. Neither did Benjamin Franklin, Abraham Lincoln, A1 Smith, Thomas A. Edison, or Henry Ford. Few men have the stamina to dig out knowledge by themselves, but they can generally be depended on to make good use of it. tt tt tt Put briefly, Great Britain’s invitation to the naval parley suggests: First, parity with the United States in all classes of fighting ships by 1936. Second, abolition of submarines. Third, reduction of battleships through revision of the replacement program agreed on in 1922; and a greatly reduced quota for all other types of vessels. a a tt On Practical Basis THAT puts the program on a practical basis. When the boys meet in London, they will know why they are there, and what they are going to talk about. This is one time when they won’t be able to get off in a corner by themselves and mess up the conference by springing some proposition that nobody expected. Neither will they be able to create any great amount of friction between England and the United States, with both countries virtually committed to parity. tt tt The proposal to abolish submarines is likely to meet strong, if not successful, opposition. In spite of all they suffered from submarines during the war, France and Italy seem to have contracted an incurable case of affection for them. Submarines are comparatively cheap, and it is only natural that they should appeal to governments which are not in a position to build big navies. tt it tt Subs Are Dangerous WITH an effective fleet of submarines, a government could proclaim a theoretical blockade against its enemies and launch a campaign of wholesale destruction. Though that was denounced as barbarous in the case of Germany, it seems to linger in the minds of certain statesmen as quite legitimate for the future. The basic question, of course, Is whether theoretical blockades should be allowed, and what “freedom of the sea’’ really means. tt o The sea has become a common highroad for mankind, and, as such, should be kept open. While a nation should be left In absolute control of the waters adjacent to its own coasts, and while it should be permitted to blockade the ports of an enemy if it can do so effectively, the idea of drawing imaginary lines around extensive areas, and warning all ships that they are liable to destruction if they enter those areas, seems at variance not only with civilized ways, but with ordinary sense. If they are not permitted to do this, however, the submarine ceases to be of primary importance. tt tt tt Rackets Bob Up Again IT would be far easier to study the problems of disarmament and International peace, if there were not so much trouble closer home, but no sooner has one settled down to their thoughtful consideration than a crime, a racket, or a political campaign scandal bobs up to interrupt proceedings. While President Hoover and Premier MacDonald were having their nice, quiet confab on the log near the Rapidan, New’ York was suffering from a veritable din of local ills, imagined and otherwise. Not only was the air filled with political charges, but the courts were smothered with preliminary hearing, trials and reviews in connection with one kind of racket or another. The poultry racket has brought eighty-six defendants into court and the milk racket promises to bring fifty more. The arson racket, w’hich has been getting considerable publicity of late, suffered quite a jolt when a boy of 16 confessed that he set ten fires in the Bronx, and that his only confederate was a boy of 11. The liquor racket, however, regains some of its old standing when nine persons came up for trial on the charge of making liquor of insecticide.

Daily Thought

When I was a child I sprke as a child. I understood as a child, I thought as a child; but when I became a man, I put away childish things.—l Corinthians 13:11. u a a Youth changes Its tastes by the warmth of its blood; age retains its tastes by habit—La Rouchefoucauld. When, where and how did Theodore Roosevelt die? His death occurred at his home at Sagamore Hill, Oyster Bay, Long Island. N. Y., on Jan. 6, 1919. as he slept, and was attributed directly to embolism, a form of apoplexy. He Is buried at Oyster Bay. What is the record for throwing a baseball? Sheldon Le Jeune threw 426 feet 9H inches, at Cincinnati, 0., Oct. 12, IMO.

Children Victims of Rheumatic Fever

By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hyjreia, the Health Magazine. MORE and more, both in this country and abroad, physicians are becoming concerned seriously by the apparent increase of attacks of rheumatic fever affecting children. The great danger of rheumatic infection is its spread to the heart and the permanent crippling or early death of the child that may be attacked. Several physicians have felt that a certain type of child, particularly those who are fair, with red, sandy or auburn hair, was more likely to develop rheumatic fever than any other. The British physicians have recently studied 562 rheumatic chil-

IT SEEMS TO ME * H ™

FROM the national headquarters of the W. C. T. U. I am in receipt of a letter written by Mary Frances Greene, one of the chief workers in the cause. “Herbert Hoover can not be distorted into an advocate of the liquor interests by any rum hound on any newspaper," writes Miss Greene. The W. C. T. U. is an organization devoted to what is rather humorously called “temperance.” Asa matter of fact, I do not remember that any comment in the metropolitan press construed the president’s message to the white ribboners as a defense of liquor. But Hoover did say that Americans were too ready to tackle a problem by passing a law. If this rebuke was not wide enough to include the W. C. T. U,, I am at a loss to understand for whom it was intended. tt u n Future in Doubt PROHIBITION is the most outstanding example of a national attempt to regulate private behavior by public legislation. We have undertaken to say that it is criminal to drink. Avery large number of people do not believe this. At the moment I will not contend that prohibition is a failure. It may prove, in time, an effective method to end or greatly diminish the consumption of alcohol. But it is silly to pretend, as the W. C. T. U. does, that there is no other way. Customs and traditions can be changed by education and propaganda. Temperance, or, to be more precise, abstinence, won many converts long before Volstead decided to draft us all for the mourners’ bench. It is not inconceivable that a community might be bone dry even without the assistance of so much as a local ordinance.

The W. C. T. U. is trying to rid' two horses. It undertakes to carry on compulsion and persuasion at the same time. This seems to me all but impossible. ‘‘Should" and ‘‘must,” like oil and water, do not mix. It is estranging to say to any individual, “If you break the Volstead act you will be sent to jail for as much as ten years and now let us sit down and talk in sweet reasonableness while I explain why you should turn abstinent on your own volition.” nun Hypocrisy AGAINST the newspapers of New York Mary Frances Greene brings the charge of hypocrisy. Granting that many of the drys are well qualified to as experts on this commodity, I still feel that my client has not made good her charge. “This country struggled along with the liquor traffic for 117 years or j there about,” writes Miss Greene. “The liquor traffic never obeyed any I law and as far as I can find out no metropolitan newspaper ever attempted an advocacy of the kind of temperance that you all now seem to advocate in a rather mealy

Another Tragedy of the Sea!

.DAILY HEALTH SERVICE-

dren and compared them with others not rheumatic. They failed, however, to substantiate the belief that the especially fair type of child was more likely to have the disease than any other. Nevertheless, the occurrence of rheumatic fever in families and the development of the disease at a certain age in most of the children in such families has caused many observers to feel that the last word has not yet been said on this subject. So far as is known, the infection in rheumatism is by an organism of the streptococcic type, a small round germ, occurring in chains, which is also associated with St. Vitus’ dance, swollen joints, erysipelas, scarlet fever and many other diseases. The exact cause of rheumatic fever is not known. There is no

mouthed and hypocritical manner. “Herbert Hoover can not be distorted into an advocate of the liquor interests by any rum hound on any newspaper.” “I am not referring to you when I use this term,” Miss Greene adds graciously, I woundn’t have minded in the least, but I do get bored with the

Times Readers Voice Views

Editor Times—Speculation is rife at the present anent the results of Ramsay MacDonald’s visit to these shores. One is tempted to wonder just what good, if any, will flow from the “conversations.” The ostensible reason of the visit is very fine but has it not occurred to some of us that there may be an ulterior reason as well? The premier says his only concern is to help promote a lasting peace between the United States and Great Britain, and then incidentally to force the rest of the w’orld into permanent tranquility. Also, he wants to discover some way consonant -with the honor of both countries to arrange a sort of naval parity. This is all very fine, of course, but is this all? Knowing the history of England as I do, I venture to say unhesitatingly that there Is a good deal more than appears on the surface. Is it possible that “The Mother” is try-

TWO-CENT POSTAGE Oct. 10

CLIMAXING a century of postal progress, the rates on letters was reduced to 2 cents in the United States on Oct. 10, 1883. The first federal law on postage in the United States was passed in 1792 and set the rate at 6,8, 10, 15, 17, 20, 22 and 25 cents for distances of 30,’ 60, 100, 150, 200, 250, 350 or 400 miles, respectively, for single letters. The law defined a single letter as a single sheet or piece of paper. The earliest letters consisted ot single sheets of paper folded and addressed upon the sheet. An envelope would have subjected them to double postage. Postal stamps first were Issued at New York In 1847; stamped envelopes first were used in 1853; letters first were registered in 1855; free city delivery was established in 1863, a'nd money orders first were issued in 1864. Two years after the 2-cent letter postage went Into effect, the postofflce department inaugurated the special delivery system. andt®| rural delivery first began In Jgg||g

specific remedy for its cure that has been established scientifically apd when the disease attacks the joints or some other portions of the body, there seems to be no sure or ready means for protecting the heart. Once the heart is affected, the best advice includes clearing up of infections in the throat; rest, indeed absolute rest for as long a period as possible: attention to diet and general health, and a warm, dry climate. , t Even when everything possible that can be done is done, there is still a tremendous number of cases of death and permanent crippling from rheumatic fever in the child. Here is a disease which, more than any other, demands intensive scientific research for its control.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column are those ts one of America’s most interesting writers, and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude rs this paper.—The Editor.

continual talk about the “liquor traffic” and the “whisky ring” and the “beer barons” and all that sort of business. It would be entirely possible to abolish the liquor traffic and still remain less than bone dry. The sale of beverages under government supervision works well or ill as you choose, but it is certainly an effective way of ending the liquor traffic.

ing by this method to inveigle us into the League of Nations? We have refused repeatedly to have anything to do with Europe and its quarrels, but you know old Mother Brittania is very wise, and if she can’t coax her “daughter” into the league one way, she is very capable of trying another. Let’s hope for our national safety, as well as our peace of mind, that should the lion lie down with the lamb, that we will see to it that he doesn’t lie dowrn with the lamb inside of him. Yours for America. P. H. TRAVERS. 546 East Ohio street. Who played the part of the boarding house keeper in the picture “While the City Sleeps?” Polly Moran. Where Is Cardinal Richelieu buried? In the Church of the Sorbonne in Paris, France.

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OCT. 10, 1029

SCIENCE

By DAVID DIETZ—

Great Mechanical Eyes Reveal Long-Hidden Secrets of the Sun to Observatory Watchers. ON the domes atop of Mt. Wilson observatory two mirrors, controlled by delicate clocks and electric motors, follow the sun in his daily journey across the sky. And since these two great mechanical eyes have taken to watching the sun, more has been learned about it than was known in all the preceding centuries. It is just a quarter century since work w T as started at the Mt. Wilson observatory. Twenty-five years ago when the Carnegie Insii'm-.'c* of Washington was entering the field of scientific research, it began the task of building the observatory and organizing its staff. Dr. George Ellery Hale, one of the world’s greatest astronomers and tha genius who had organized the great Yerke’s observatory, was chosen to direct the work. Today he is honorary director of the observatory. The two great towers are solar telescopes, the invention of Dr. Hale. At first, the observatory was called the Mt. Wilson Solar observatory, but it soon became evident that many of the problems of the sun also were problems of the stars and that both had to be studied to arrive at an understanding of either. Accordingly great telescopes for the study of the stars, first the sixty-inch and then the 100-inch, the world’s greatest telescope, were added to the observatory equipment. a it tt Powerful THE first of the two solar tower telescopes erected at Mt. Wilson is seventy-five feet high. This worked so well that the second one, 150 feet high, was put up. In each case, the tube of the telescope runs down the center of the tower from top to bottom. This means that the one telescope has a focal length of seventy-five feet and the other one of 150 feet. This is what gives these telescopes their power, for the longer the focal length of the telescope, the larger the image it gives. Astronomers do not always study a celestial object directly. One of the most powerful means of study is an analysis of its light. This is accomplished with the spectroscope, a series of prisms which splits the light into a rainbow or spectrum. So powerful is the 150-foot tower telescope, that it is possible to get a spectrum of the sun eleven feet long with it. But the towers were, made still more powerful by another attachment, also the invention of Dr. Hale This is know'n as the spectroheliograph. The spectroheliograph is a combination of prisms and moving shutters or slits, so arranged that a photograph of the sun can be taken in a single wave-length of light. a tt tt Whirlpools ONE of the greatest accomplishments of Dr. Hale was his research upon the nature of sunspots. This never would have been possible without the greater tower telescopes. Because of the size of the image of the sun obtained from them, it was possible to analyze with the spectroscope the light from any particular portion of the sun’s surface. This is accomplished by bringing the image of the sun to a focus upon a table-top with a movable slit in it. The slit is arranged then so that the light from any portion of the sun’s surface is permitted to pass through to the spectroscope. In this way it is possible to analyze the light from sun-spots and compare it with the light from other portions of the sun. The spectrum of the sun is crossed with tiny little black lines known as Fraunhofer lines. Now a German scientist, Zeeman, had shown that when a source of light was subjected to the influence of a powerful magnet, the lines in the spectrum were split into double lines. When Dr. Hale photographed the spectrum of a sun-spot he found that the lines in it w r ere doubled. This could mean only one thing: that each sun-spot was a huge magnet. Subsequent work by Dr. Hale and others have verified this conclusion. A magnetic field is created by the flow of an electric current through a coil of wire. Dr. Hale suspected that the magnetic field of a sun-spot was due to the whirling around of electrified material in It. Work with the spectroheliograph confirmed this theory, and it known now that each sun-spot is a great whirlpool in the gaseous surface of the sun.