Indianapolis Times, Volume 41, Number 113, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 September 1929 — Page 6

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I’m Alone Not Alone Before arbitration of the I'm Alone dispute is completed the coast guard again pitches us into a sea of trouble with Canada by firing on another alleged rum runner. Os course there is some improvement. They sunk the schooner I'm Alone 200 miles out at sea. drowning one of the crew and risking the lives of the others. And they merely hit the motorship Shawnee twice without sinking her. There is the customary disagreement over details, but there is no disagreement that the coast guard cutter fired—Washington officially admits it. Captain McLeod of the Shawnee says his ship was in ballast, en route from Bermuda to St. Pierre, and w hile twenty-six miles off New York was shelled without warning by an unlighted cutter. Not until after his ship was shelled did the cutter hail him and inquire as to his identity, according to the captain. Whereupon he sailed away with two cutters in hot pursuit, and the next day outdistanced them. According to coast guard headquarters, the Shawnee is a rum runner, fired upon by a patrol boat off Ambrose light. New York, because the ship failed to heed the challenge to stop. The first three shots fired were blanks and only the last two were shells, it is said. But the coast guard has no right under the law or treaty to attack even a rum runner or any other vessel on the high seas, unless, under the doctrine of “hot pursuit,” the chase began within territorial waters. As Canada has demonstrated in the I’m Alone dispute, there is nothing in the treaty permitting “hot pursuit” to begin outside of the three-mile limit. The one-hour-sailing-distance extension of territorial waters, a concession made by foreign governments to the United States in the liquor treaties, applies only to the area within which the coast guard may search ships, and does not widen the three-mile limit from which the pursuit upon the high seas must start. As no one claims the Shawnee was within the three-mile limit, the pursuit in her case was illegal. The other point is whether she was within onehour sailing distance from shore when shelled. The coast guard statement that she was “in the vicinity” ot Ambrose light could mean that she was anywhere from seven to seventeen miles from shore. The Shawnee captain sw’ears he was twenty-six mlies off shore. He says his speed was ten knots, or less than twelve miles. For a government vessel to fire upon a foreign ship on the high seas is a serious international crime. The administration should investigate these charges immediately. If the coast guard crew is guilty it should be punished, damages should be paid the victim, and official apology made to the Canadian government. There is no reason to wait for a formal Canadian protest. It is our reputation that is at stake. It is our job, as the President has declared, to stop prohibition lawlessness by law 7 officers.

Inspect Your Auto The importance of having the family auto inspected frequently for mechanical defects is a thing most of us overlook. We take it for granted that things are safe enough—and, sometimes, discover that something is wrong only when it causes disaster. The Baltimore Automobile Club and police recently stopped and inspected as many autos as they could lay their hands on. Os 193,354 cars inspected, they found more than 31,000 that needed brake adjustments In order to be perfectly safe. Eight thousand had unsuspected defects in the steering gear and nearly 40,000 needed adjustment of lights. Those are small matters, perhaps—but they are just the sort of thing that can cause "unavoidable" accidents. Having a mechanic check the operation of your car every so often is essential to safe driving. Judge It on Its Merits President Hoover’s suggestion that the various state* take over the 190.000.000 acres of public lands now held by the federal government is a proposition that needs serious consideration. It is rather unfortunate that wets and drys, in many cases are tying the thing up with prohibition. It has been suggested that this may be a ‘‘feeler’’—a prelude to suggesting that the individual states take over, in the same wav - , the matter of prohibition enforcement. Those who see it in this light will, of course, judge the public lands proposal by their prohibition sentiments. If they are wets, they will favor it; if they are drys, they will oppose it. But the question is so important that it should be considered strictly on its own merits. It will be disastrous if a major policy like this should be decided on because of its supposed connection with an utterly unrelated issue. A Little Better There is no doubt that the Republicans of the senate finance committee have made improvements in the administrative clauses of the house tariff bill, though the rates remain almost as bad. As the house bill stood, it greatly had so widened the so-called flexible provisions as to give the President, his secretary of the treasury, and his tariff commission virtually autocratic powers in relation to the tariff. The house took this action despite the fact that the flexible provisions as they now exist have been the subject of widespread criticism as delegating the powers of congress to the President, and despite their abuse by Presidents Harding and Coolidge, who used them almost solely to increase tariff rates. The house bill would have allowed the President to name a tariff commission entirely according to his own wishes. This commission would have had the power to reocmmend tariff changes to the President, on the flimsy basis that “competitive conditions” demanded them. Meanwhile the secretary’ of the treasury was to have sole power of decision on all controversies affecting the basis of tariff—a power vested in the customs court. A more perfect scheme for the use of some future high-tariff President could not be imagined. Nor could

The Indianapolis l imes (A SCKIPPB-HOWABD SEWSPAPEB) Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 W. Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County 2 cents a copy: elsewhere, 3 cents—delivered by carrier, 12 centa a week. BOYD KOY W. HOWARD, FRANK G MOKBISON. Editor. President Business Manager FHONE —Blley 6551 FRIDAY, SEPT. 20, 1929. Member of United Press, Scrlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way"

a more perfect scheme be devised for the use of some future free-trade President, willing to wreck the w T hole structure of protection. The senate committee has shaved off enough of these provisions to make the bill not quite as dangerous in this regard as it was. It also had restored their powers to the customs courts. One other alteration was to provide for a possible change in the basis of tariff duties, from the cost of production abroad to wholesale prices of the imported article here. Since the latter are much higher, the effect would be to increase greatly the actual tariff rates, but the senate committee has sought to provide against this by asking the tariff commission to work out rates which would give exactly as much protection as at present. At first sight this change of basis would seem to simplify administration, and to reduce the chances of fraud. It will be debated fully before adoption, however, and the public will have a chance to make up its mind whether jokers are concealed in the new plan.

Railroad Consolidation The problem of rauroad consolidation has been complicated further by the action of L. F. Loree, president of the Delaware & Hudson, in submitting to the interstate commerce commission an entirely new proposal for grouping eastern roads. Loree’s project is the most extensive of several submitted to the I. C. C. He proposes to merge seventeen railroads, having 13,553 miles of track, and aggregate investments of $2,600,000,000. The suggested system would reach every Atlantic port from the Canadian boundary to Hampton Roads, including the latter. It would blanket territory east of Pittsburgh and north of the Mason-Dixon line, and would be in position to offer strong competition to any system that might be carved out of t.he remaining lines. Several merger applications have been presented to the I. C. C., but all those examined have been denied because of the financial structure or because the routings were considered undesirable. The proposals of the Van Rweringens, Baltimore & Ohio, and Wabash, for creation of trunk lines are pending. The Pennsylvania, the New York Central, and other systems are interested vitally and have been maneuvering and negotiating for control of strategic lines. The net result is that we are no nearer to having four or five efficient and economic trunk lines than we were when the railroad consolidation act was passed in 1920, although that was the purpose of the legislation. Pending applications conflict in vital points. Claude Porter, interstate commerce commissioner, has w r orked out a definite plan for creation of trunk lines, which the commission will examine this fall. If acceptable to other members of the commission, it then is expected to submit it to congress for ratification. Perhaps this will result in definite action. There has been question as to the authority of the commission to force consolidations, under existing laws. Bills to grant the commission any additional power it may need are before congress and will be considered at the regular session. President Hoover is said to regard the problem as one of first importance in the economic life of the country. Chaos can not be permitted to exist much longer. The railroads apparently can not get together. The alternative is intervention by congress and the I. C. C.

A member of the United States coast and geodetic survey predicts a heavy earthquake in the Mississippi valley within the next century. It’s nice to have adequate warning, so we can be prepared for such things.

REASON By ™^ K

THIS war in Palestine should cause a grateful U. S. A. to get together and give a taffy pulling or something in honor of those senators at Washington who had enough gumption to keep us from accepting a mandate for that eruptive area. n a a The trouble with a law against the sale of firearms is that the thugs have theirs and the law would operate only to keep the law-abiding citizen from getting the necessary implements for defensive purposes. n u It may cheer the American farmer as he fights the corn borer to hear that the lions have left their reserves in South Africa and are carrying off sheep and cattle in addition to causing the inhabitants to watch their step. n a Denham Maclaren, London decorator, has perfected glass furniture. It should be just the. thing for the glass houses in which so many reside. a a tt THE ex-kaiser has expressed a desire to be buried by the side of his first wife and that’s one request the people of Germany should honor with unbounded enthusiasm. a * u There’s something ghastly about carrying elaborate presents to the graves of those who lived and die destitute, which observation is prompted by the bill introduced at Washington to build a $500,000 memorial for Lincoln’s mother, w’ho never in her life had enough to buy one real good dress. a u A Wisconsin father goes to court to keep his children from making him eat with the family dog. It’s likely the compulsion, rather than the society to which he objects, for no normal man feels a loss of caste from canine companionship. The most appealing thing about Mr. Coolidge's administration was his habit of slinging sausage to his collie at White House breakfasts. n n u It is all right for this professor in the agricultural university of Copenhagen to furnish a wooden leg for his cow, but we would not want to milk her in fly time. tt tt tt THE women of Chicago are organizing to make that city beautiful in order to Attract visitors to their fair in 1933 but it is far more important for them to divorce crime from politics and convince the world that it is safe to come to the big show. One is perfectly safe outside the crime belt in Chicago, but the world at large thinks differently. tt tt tt In selecting Dr. Gustavo Guerrero of Salvador as president of the league of nations assembly, the members observed one of the fundamentals of architecture that the top of every structure should be as light as possible. mam A St Louis psysioiogist claims that he has demonstrated that the way to stay young is to wear red flannel underwear, sleep and eat with face downward on a log. and stick to a diet of cocoanuts. Before the people try it, there should be some v&y to test it out on Fall and Sinclair

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. Tracy SAYS: The Historical Origin of Imperialism Is Found in the Desire to Take and Hold Enough to Make Governments Safe. HERMANN OBERm a Rumanian scientist, has designed a rocket to rise thirty-two miles. If it works all right he hopes to design one that will cross the Atlantic. He is so confident of success that he visualizes the possibility of a rocket mail service between Europe and America. For such service, he explains, the rocket would be equipped with a steering apparatus automatically controlled, and carry a parachute which would unfold as it began to descend. At first thought the thing seems incredible, yet it is no farther in advance of what we are doing today than what could have been done one hundred years ago. France, Italy and Japan oppose Lord Cecil’s plan for a general limitation of armament. This w 7 as to have been expected. Disarmament represents a revolutionary idea, one of the most revolutionary, indeed, ever advanced. Not only tradition, but inherited fear, works against it. It is illogical to hope that it will be accepted, much less put into action, save by slow degrees. a a e Impassable Gulf Exists Nationalism has grown up around the thought of unrestrained sovereignty on the one hand, and the inevitability of attack on the other. Until recently, the primary object of government was defense. The historical origin of imperialism, as we call it, is to be found in the desire to take and hold enough to make governments safe. If civilization were world wide we soon might discard that idea. Civilization is not world wide, however, there being an impassable gulf between the most and least enlightened races. William Philip Simms suggests that China could do herself a good turn and the world a better one by selling Manchuria and a part of eastern Mongolia. The idea is not illogical, even if it does seem to deprive forty or fifty million people of any say-so in the matter, though they are concerned most vitally. As Mr. Simms points out, two great and ambitious powers are interested, and one of them is likely to get control of this territory, whether China sells it, or waits for it to be taken away. tt u tt It’s Merger, Merger RINGLING buys out five rivals, . bringing the circus business in this country virtually under one management. The Bloomingdale and four other stores, with an annual trade of $106,000,000, consolidate. Paint makers, with the National Lead Company as a center, plan to form a $150,000,000 merger. Sixteen banks organize to promote a billion-dollar investment trust. The National City bank of New York merges with the Corn Exchange bank, creating an institution with resources of near two and a half billion. The Johns-Manville Corporation, Insulite Company and United States Gypsum form a sales combination to cover the entire world. The above is not a complete list, but contains only a few of the great consolidations, mergers, or absorptions that have taken place in this country during the last few w 7 eeks. Under other circumstances, anyone of them would have been sufficient to create more or less of a furor in the stock market. Combination, however, has become the style, if not the craze. A billion dollar concern no longer is a novelty in these United States. Business has learned how to create the thing overnight, and apparently there is enough surplus cash not only to finance one, but a dozen all at once. Whither the Wind? IF these are straws, what kind of a wind is blowing? Are we laying the basis for anew economic structure, or playing with fire? Politicians, or statesmen, if you prefer, appear too dazed to recognize the difference, much less the danger Financiers, even of an old and conservative order, seem only too glad to get in line. The capital investment of great industries doubles in a day, stocks rise as if by magic, increased profits, whether through increased price oi increased production, become mandatory. The entire scheme is built on the expectation of America earn-* ing about twice as much next year, as she did last, and not only next year, but every year afterward.

Daily Thought

He that leadeth into captivity shall go into captivity; he that killeth with the sword must be killed with the sword.—Revelation 14:10. tt u a Heaven never defaults. The wicked are sure of their wages, sooner or later. —Chapin.

Times Readers Voice Views

Editor Times —I think a beautiful city like Indianapolis should be glad to supply water and gas to a mother who is willing to work all night in a lunch wagon for $8.60 a week and then do the best she can to get the family washing done in the day time. There are any number of mothers ■with only one or two children who would not think of doing a little washing, to say nothing of working all night, too. I do hope someone will arrange to take a collection and give this mother a home and some means of keeping the family together. This woman has a job as it is to take care of seven children, to say nothing of doing outside work. too. The city should be glad that it doesnt’ have to feed and clothe the

— I ,

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Illness Closely Linked With Fatigue

By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. TWO factors enter into fatigue among people who work: The physical changes that go on in the body, and the mental changes. When a person works, his muscles burn up energy. Energy is represented by the fuel taken into the system and by the material that has been stored. After prolonged working, a person is likely to be tired. A person who feels tired is disinclined to work and slow’s down. At the same time he is likely to become dissatisfied with his job. Mental work produces a different type of tiredness from the standpoint of its wear and tear on the body, but the same kind of dissatis-

IT SEEMS TO ME "KT

“T SUPPOSE,” writes C. W. W. I from somewhere in New York state, “that your little affair with nature is all over for this year. People around here say, ‘Why don’t New Yorkers go back to New York on Labor day?’ What I have been trying to solve is: Why do they go back there at all? “And I think I’ve solved it. After viewing the problem from every angle I’ve concluded that it is because they haven’t got cats. “I used to think it was jobs which kept people from going where they wanted to go. I know better now. It’s cats. I’ve had jobs, and I know from experience that they don’t tie a man down. I had jobs in New York—several of them. I suppose they are there yet. “But I didn’t have cats there, and when I got good and ready to quit New York last April I quit it. I didn’t think it was going to be forever, but unless something happens to the cats it looks as if it would. a tt Tender Hearted “rvO you happen to know how JL/ long it takes the average New Yorker to outlive four cats? “Not the average person, mind you, but the average New Yorker. You have referred to the way city life breeds tender-heartedness. The average countryman can outlive a cat in one afternoon—the time it takes him to walk to the lake and tie a big stone to the bag. “But New Yorkers can’t do that. They don’t mind murdering perfect strangers, but they draw the line at members of their own gang. “My wife and I are both incurable New Yorkers, so it looks as though we’d have to stay away from New York for the cats—all four of them —are members of the gang. In fact, they were born into it last March. “Os course, we can’t take them io New York. There are too many wild beasts roaming at large without muzzles in that city, and it wouldn’t be safe. And we can’t separate them. The gang has been together all

seven in the orphan homes. These children if given a home, and their own mother’s care will be good citizens some day. It is hard enough feeding and clothing a family on decent wages to say nothing of starvation wages. If some of these women who spend their times at card parties would take an extra dollar and send it to this mother they would be doing God and their country a good turn. Make this mother feel good and don’t take her family away from her after she has gone down the valley of the shadow to bring them into this world. She probably did not have loving care while she was bearing her children, so let’s get together and give her a reward for her pains. A Mother Who Also Works.

The Challenge'

faction that is produced by tiredness from physical work. All sorts of methods have been worked out by the experimenters to measure fatigue and tiredness. These indicate that when a person begins work in the morning he is fresh and has a rising curve of ability. This begins to fall after several hours, rises briefly again after the noon period of rest, and then drops for the rest of the day. In the same way, the curves of accidents follow the curve of fatigue. There are relatively few accidents in the mornings, and the number gradually increases as the workers become more and more tired. The number of accidents decreases toward the end of the working day. This is explained by the fact that the speed has slowed down and in

the members’ lives now, and it wouldn’t be human to break it up. We might hire a nurse and a couple of doortenders to stay with them during the winter, but you never can tell about hired help. A cat might want to come in, and there might be nobody at the door. We can’t have a member of the gang treated like that. n tt tt Making It Clear “TT'VERY now and then somebody writes up from New York wanting me to come to work. When I answer that I’ve got cats and can’t do it they write again for more particulars. I hope this letter will make it all clear. “It is equally impossible to do any other work. Fortunately, however, it doesn’t cost anything to live in this section of Washington county. There is the little item, to be sure, of food and clothes, but one can save enough in not getting his hat checked to cover that. “Hats, I have discovered, don’t wear out in this climate. They just change their shape and color. Theaters and opera cost nothing what-

“ T qDAVf (S'jTHE-

ARTHUR’S INAUGURATION Sept. 20. ON Sept. 20, 1881, Chester Alan Arthur was sworn in as the twenty-first president of the United States. President Garfield had died the day previously, a victim of an assassin’s bullet. The twenty-first president was born at Fairfield, Vt., on Oct. 5, 1830 the son of a Scotch-Irish parentage He was graduated from Union college in 1848 and soon became conspicuous as an attorney in New York. Arthur became famous in the prewar period by his brilliant work in the Lemmon case, involving the validity, under certain conditions, of the Fugitive Slave law, which resulted in a decision that a slave brought into New York while in transit from one slave state to another was, ipso facto, free. During the war between the states he served as inspector-general and as quartermaster-general of New York. A Republican, and an active one, he was made collector of the port of New York in 1871 by President Grant. Four years later he was reappointed. Later he was removed by President Hayes. Arthur, backed by influential Republicans in 1880, was named a# vice-presidential nominee on the ticket which Garfield headed. Elected, he showed a great interest in senatorial affairs. The fact that he was not a strict ly party man, given to partisan appointments. prevented hik" being nominated at the end of his short iersa

the last hour many workers are merely marking time, hence there are less likely to be accidents in this final period. In the modern factory, experienced executives do everything possible to prevent fatigue. The posture of the individual at work is studied, to save him unnecessary motions, to rest the back and the feet, and to put the objects worked on within easy reach. Mechanical devices do the lifting; illumination prevents shadows; vibration is overcome by architectural construction and the use of springs and pads; noise is deadened by soundproof walls and individual cubicles for workers. Whenever these improvements are put into effect and supplemented by rest periods following peak loads of labor, the number of illnesses and accidents in the factory promptly decreases.

Ideals and opinions expressed in this column ate those of one of America’s most interesting writers, and are presented without regard to their agreement or disagreement with the editorial attitude of this paper.—The Editor.

ever. There is a movie house seven miles away but it won’t cost us anything until the state road goes through, as It will remain entirely inaccessible. “There are no bellboys and no barbers to take one’s money. There isn’t any income and won’t be until something happens to the cats.” B tt tt Cat Will Come Back MR. W. need not build false hopes. Nothing will happen to the cats. I'm a little bitter about cats myself, although >ne are in the city. The mother came in out of a driving rainstorm. No one possibly could have turned her out until she had the kittens. But now that they are begnining to mature I can see that she proposes to turn them over to me. The kittens seem intent upon remaining. It would be my luck—indeed, it is my luck—to have the entire litter female. But there is one pleasant thing about cats. They never give you any thanks. Nobody can say a cat ever went back on a friend, because she never makes the slightest pretense of enthusiasm about the resident householder. You can’t give her anything but milk. Marion, the head ci the cat clan, at least preserves neutrality. She tolerates me. But the kittens act as if they were black and tan. (Copyright 1929. by The Times'

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SEPT. 20,1929

S'CrENCE

BY DAVID DIETZ , Prof. E. W. Brown Starts to Make a Timetable for the Eighth Satellite of Jupiter. PROFESSOR E. \V. BROWN of Yale university, president of the American Astronomical Society, has returned to his old pastime of making celestial timetables. The last one he made toe* him almost forty years, but he hopes to have the one he now is working on complete in five years. The last timetable Dr. Brown constructed was for the moon. More exactly, what Professor Brown did was to develop a set of equators expressing the motions of the moon from which timetables can be made for all time to come. Each year the Nautical almanac contains tables giving the position of the moon for the entire coming year. These tables are invaluable to navigators as well as astronomers, are based upon Professor Brown’s equations. In working out the equations for the moon Professor Brown solved a problem which astronomers had been tackling for centuries. The work insures a permanent place for his name in the annals of astronomy. But Professor Brown is not content to rest on his laurels. He now has undertaken to work out a series of equations upon which timetables can be formulated for the eighth satellite of Jupiter. tt a a Nine Moons UNLIKE the earth, which has only one moon. Jupiter has nine moons or satellites. These moons have played important roles in the history of astronomy. The first four were discovered by Galileo when he made his first little telescope and turned it upon the heavens. They bear the distinction, therefore, of being the first heavenly objects discovered with the telescope. It was in 1610 that Galileo made this discovery. Three of these four moons are each larger than our ow 7 n moon. In 1675, Roemer, from observations of these moons, made the first determination of the velocity of light. The fifth moon was not discovered until 1892. It was found by the late Dr. E. E. Barnard, one of the most skillful observers of modern times. The remaining four satellites are all very small and were discovered by means of photography. Objects which are too faint to be seen with the eye, will register themselves when very long time exposures are made with photographic attache ments on large telescopes. The eighth and ninth satellites are particularly hal'd to study, because they are so far from the planet Jupiter. In fact, Professor Brown has tackled the time table problem because astronomers continuously are losing the eighth satellite. Its exact orbit is not known. Consequently, it will show up on one photograph and then astronomers are at a loss to know exactly where to look for it sometime later. Finding it is frequently a difficult task. n tt No Vacation WHEN Professor Brown Completes his equations, however, | astronomers will have no difficulty keeping track of the eighth satellite. It will be possible to make a timetable from his equations giving the exact position of the satellite for every day of the year. All an astronomer will have to do then is look up the position of the satellite for the particular day and turn his telescope to the place indicated. Readers who have not forgotten completely the difficulties of their high school algebra will realize the difficulties facing Professor Browif when they hear that he is working with equations containing seventy terms. But he expects to have the work finished in five years. Then, perhaps, you might think he would take a vacation from mathematical equations? Well, I asked him that question. He smiled. “No,” he said, “I think I’ll tackle the ninth satellite of Jupiter when I’ve finished with the eighth. Equations for its orbit would be equally useful to astronomers." The work of calculating the orbits of these satellites of Jupiter are so difficult because there are so many bodies influencing them and consequently introducing irregularities into their orbits. In addition, there are irregularities which result from the fact that Jupiter’s own orbit is marked by irregularities which are the result of the attraction of the other planets, particularly Saturn.