Indianapolis Times, Volume 40, Number 209, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 January 1929 — Page 4

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A New Constitution Let it be hoped that the proposal to call a convention to write anew Constitution will receive more than casual attention from the legislature. Conditions under which the present Constitution was written have changed. It is a different world. A government that operated for a stage coach has its troubles in an airplane age. During the seventy-five or eighty years that have passed since its adoption, the Constitution has received additions from judicial sources that make it even more imperative that the document be changed if the rights of the people are to be maintained. The most recent decision of the court in regard to judges is a case in point. Presumably the men who drafted the Constitution did not intend that judges should remain in office as long as they kept out of jails. There has always been some power that could remove the corrupt or the tyrannical. Unless the court reverses itself, it will be impossible for any legislature to impeach any judge, no matter how corrupt, now tyrannical, how arbitrary he may become. * The only way to get rid of a judge is to cinvict him of crime, usually impossible. The whole state government is out of step with the conditions of life. The old theory of checks and balances is worn out, as far as a multiplicity of offices is a check on graft. The modern method is to give responsibility to one or a very few men and hold them responsible. The new Constitution of New York, in whose drafting Charles Evans Hughes played an important part, limits the number of elective offices. The constant taking of power to themselves by the courts, especially in matter of contempt, has reached the point where the Bill of Rights is almost obsolete. That could be corrected in anew Constitution. The election of judges in separate elections and without party designation is another change that is necessary to preserve respect for law and for courts. No other action by the legislature offers as many possibilities for progress as this one for anew Constitution. Immigration Changes Unwise Congress should repeal the law to distribute immigration quotas among foreign countries on a basis of the national origin of our population. Action is desirable at this session, for otherwise the national origin provsion automatically will become effective on July 1 of this year. The national origin plan supposed that it is possible by going back to the census of 1790 to determine what portion of our population in 1920 was of immigrant stock and to determine to what countries this immigrant stock owes its origin. The percentages would be used in computing quotas for the admission of 150,000 aliens annually. It has been found impossible to work out satisfactory figures. Statisticians under a committee composed of Secretaries Hoover. Kellogg and Davis prepared a table which President Coolidge submitted to congress in 1927. He followed it with information that the secretaries had “grave doubts ’ as to value of the computations, and said, “We cannot assume responsibility for the conclusion.” Hoover during the campaign expressed belief that the idea was impracticable. Similarly, use of other censuses in computing quotas than that of 1890, which is now employed, would be unwise. This basis works least hardship on the various racial groups. Earlier censuses would admit unduly large numbers from western and northern Europe. Later censuses would allow excessive immigration from southern and eastern Europe. The census of 1910 was tried for three years, it will be recalled, and immigration during that period reflected the large influx from southern and eastern Europe during the preceding two decades. The present law, adopted in 1924, has worked well aside from certain hardships it has imposed, such as the separation of families. These hardships, of course, r-hould be relieved. The law is accomplishing its purpose, however, and we believe it should be retained. Where’s the Money? Where is the government going to get the money, if the $274,000,000 cruiser bill passes the senate? President Coolidge already has warned the country of impending federal deficits. Is it fair to saddle the incoming Hoover administration with a large deficit? The country is •>- > manding tax reduction. Is the country to be given a tax increase instead? It is not as though there were an immediate war emergency requiring these fifteen new cruisers and an aircraft Not even the navy department claims that. Indeed the President, by asking for elimination of the time construction clause from the bill, reveals that there is no immediate need for these ships. It is not as though the taxpayers were failing already to make generous provision for adequate national defense and for the eight cruisers now under construction. “The cost of national defense is stupendous,” the President pointed out in his last message. “It has increased $118,000,000 in the last four years. Estimated expenditure for 1930 is $668,000,000.” So we rapidly are approaching a national defense cost of $2,000,000 a day. Even if the new cruiser program is postponed, the federal government faces a difficult financial situation. Since the President six weeks ago warned that there was an indicated budget surplus of only $37.000,000, that surplus and more has been wiped out by his request for $55,000,000 additional tax refunds and the $12,000,000 Greek loan. But that is not the worst of it. There are new appropriations of about $1,000,000,000 pending in congress. Practically all these, of course, will have to be scrapped, But many added future appropriations cannot be avoided, as they involve definite commitments. There is the federal construction program for government buildings and army housing, which calls for 5290,000,000 above the $50,000,000 budget allowance for neit year. These is the $48,000,000 rivers and harbors bill, including important projects on the Ohio river and <£eat Lakes, which may have to be sidetracked to

The Indianapolis Times (A SCBirrS HOW'AHU NEWBJPAPEB) Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indlanapolia Timea Publishing Cos., 214-220 W. Maryland Street. Indlanapolia, Ind- Price In Marion County 2 cents—lo cents a week: elsewhere, S cents—l 2 cents a week. BOYD GCRLEt" BOY w. HOWARD, FRANK O. MORRISON, Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE—RILEY 6KSL SATURDAY, JAN. 19, 1929, Member of felted Press, Scrippa Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enf'-nrlse Association, Newspaper Information Service and Aadlt Bureau of Clreul- ..a*. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

prevent a deficit. Farm relief will require an estimated $300,000,000 fund. There is the imperative Mississippi flood control project, for which the present budget provides only $31,000,000 and for which Hoover must find in addition “hundreds of millions of dollars.” Therefore, the government not only faces a possible deficit on present budget estimates, but during the Hoover administration must find a thousand million dollars or more for additional expenditures td which we are committed. Where is another $270,000,000 for more cruisers coming from? A Woman Disposes __ Man proposes. Woman disposes. Men in politics have been proposing the name of Mrs. Alvin Hert for Hoover’s cabinet. Men not in politics have echoed the proposal, thinking it a fine gesture toward women voters and a fitting reward for one who held the post of vice-chairman of the Repbulican national committee during the campaign. But Mrs. Hert says, “No.” That is one of the soundest utterances heard since Hoover’s election. Mrs. Hert has made an intelligent decision. There can be no adequate argument against having a woman in the cabinet. There is no reason why a woman could not serve as well as a man. But there is no value to be obtained by naming a woman just because she is a woman. Mrs. Hert appears to recognize this, just as she recognizes, in her statement of declination, that cabinet appointments should not be made as political rewards. The place commonly suggested for Mrs. Hert has been the interior department. The story of the last eight years has demonstrated that the secretary of the interior needs to be a person of very exceptional qualifications. The last three incumbents of the office have come to grief and brought grief upon the cabinet through their obvious unfitness. A pretty prospect to offer any woman! Not one, indeed, to tempt many men. * Scientific Child Study Having added several years to the average span of life, science, as represented by the huge Rockefeller Foundation, has decided to give attention to questions touching the value of such extended life. The Rockefeller trustees this year talked the matter over and voted to use less money on biochemistry and more on experimental schools. * They have decided to catch the little human animal when about 2 years of age and subject him and her to a sort of mental microscope. The little ones are to be gathered into groups and subjected to certain external stimuli, and their reactions scientifically observed and set down methodically on permanent charts. What external stimulus will induce one baby girl to drink her milk instead of pouring it into her plaything box? What circumstance is responsible for the regulation howl set up by a 2-year-old boy every day at approximately 11 o’clock? What is the difference in the conduct of a child in the presence of its mother and in the presence of eighteen other children of the same age? Is substitution better than spanking at 2 years? And how? Can a baby be started in the line f becoming a good citizen by exposure to group influences? How does democracy work in a world of 2-year-olds? Such are a few of the questions on which the mental microscope of the foundation’s experts will be turned. In time there will be reports, books analyses and discoveries! Professor Einstein, after ten years of laboratory work, offers a five-page manuscript supplementing his relativity theory. We know men who can think up five pages of wonderful theories in just a few minutes on their way home at 4 a. m. . This influenza epidemic is rather hard to reconcile with the healthy throats we’re all supposed to have from smoking wonderful cigarets.

-David Dietr on Science.

Riding, Cosmic Carousel

No. 264

THE universe is a merry-go-round, a gigantic cosmic carousel. That is one of the interpretations which can be made from the recent work of Dr. Harlow Shapley, director of the Harvard observatory. D. Shapley’s work has shown that our own galaxy of stars is in rotation. He has shown, further, that the spiral nebulae, which are also galaxies of stars, are organized into

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ies. He thinks it possible that this might turn out to be a rotation also. Then of course the next step, providing supergalaxies are proved, will be to hunt for 8 rotation of a super-galaxy. There you have the cosmic carousel. Our little earth rotates on its axis, once in 24 hours. It makes one circle around the sun in a year. Our own sun is moving with a speed of about 200 miles a second. This speed now is thought to be the speel with which our galaxy is rotating. Dr. Shapley estimates that it will take the sun 300,000,000 years to make one revolution along with the other stars of the galaxy. If our own galaxy belongs to a galaxy of galaxies, as Shapley thinks possible, it may then be that it also is rotating within the group organization. One does not like to estimate the period which the galaxy of galaxies may take for one rotation. If one were to hazard a rash and hasty guess, it might be of the order of 50.000.000,000 years. It is interesting to speculate why rotary movement should be the’fundamental sort in the universe. Einstein tells us that space is finite and curved and that if you could go far enough in one direction, you would find yourself back where you started. Perhaps the explanation of the cosmic carousel is m be found in Einstein’s theory of relativity. * . ....... . . .

M. E. TRACY SAYS: “Does Not Colonel Stewart Still Stand Forth as an Exponent of Principles and Practices Which Would Wreck the Country,r

CLEVELAND. Jan. 19.—Colonel Robert W. Stewart simply “can t believe” that old John D. has taken sides against him in his battle with young John D. Long years of association and faithful service, he reasons, should make such a thing impossible. A good many people have suspected that Colonel Stewart was afflicted with a blind spot, but this proves it. He can not see that blood is thicker than water, or that the code of business, even big business, has changed. Men grow, or they rot. They change in either case, and the change is shown in their social attitude more vividly than in anything else. The Rockefellers have grown. John D. Sr., who was thought to be “money mad” twenty years ago, not only has disproved the indictment by retiring gracefully, but by furnishing the world its best example of intelligent philanthropy. His amazing career comes to a logical climax in this fight for control of the Standard Oil Cos. of Indiana. not to make more millions, but to vindicate a principle; Public With John D, HOWEVER the stockholders may feel, the public is with Rockefeller. To the public, it is a question of whether big business will subordinate its selfish interests for the sake of clean government, or whether it prefers to indorse a contemptuous pose. Colonel Stewart can not be charged with perjury, since he was acquitted. He was apparently within the law, even if the carelessness of transcription clerks did have to be dragged forward to prove it. Let us be fair to Colonel Stewart by all means. Let us admit that he did not make false statements in the legal sense. Let us overlook the cleverness with which he avoided telling what he knew. Let us assume that he could say he got no personal benefit out of the Continental Trading Company loot, without wrenching his conscience, since he had put his share aside in a trust fund. Even so, does not Colonel Stewart still stand forth as an exponent of principles and practices which would wreck this country if carried to their ultimate conclusion? n a Whetting of Knives THE Rockefeller-Stewart contest is not entirely pleasant to contemplate. It will create much bitterness and, perhaps, involve some shady deals before it is' over. Wall Street hardly can be expected to ignore the opportunities it affords. When two such powerful groups enter the market for stock, and when the market knows they need it, knives are bound to be whetted. Fortunes will be made and lost, the widow and orphan, if such happen to own any of the desired shares, will be bamboozled gloriously and more than one poor fish will go broke betting on the wrong tip. All that goes with the game, but let us not bet so excited about it as to forget why the game is being played. , The one and only important question is whether Colonel Stewart loses his job as chairman of the board of the Standard Oil Company of Indiana because of the manner in which he conducted himself before a senate committee. Fought Uphill Battle WHILE the affair attracts nationwide interest, and justly so, it is of peculiar importance to Cleveland. Cleveland is where John D. Rockefeller Sr., made his start; where he fought those first up-hill battles which often spell the difference between failure and success; where he became ths target for public hate and suspicion, not only because of his ruthless tactics and spectacular triumphs, but because of the ever-rising ire of his defeated rivals; where he was so hard put to it on one occasion that his barber refused him credit; where solid business men once regarded him as a reckless plunger. Is Cleveland with the Rockefellers in their struggle to oust Stewart—Cleveland that once walked or drove by that newly erected mansion on Euclid avenue, with mixed emotions, and not too much good will in the mixing? Cleveland is. If a vote were taken in this town, it would go Rockefeller by three to one, not for old acquaintance's sake, but because, like the rest of the country, Cleveland wants to see the mid-Victorian business code smashed beyond recall; because, whatever it may have thought of the John D. of 1908, it likes the John D. of 1928 far better. nun Opportunity of Service HERE is an issue, which though seemingly confined to business, is of moment to the entire country, an issue which our law appears to have left unsolved, but which the stockholders of a single corporation have it within their power to clear up. On one side we have a man asking to be vindicated in his successful efforts to help obliterate a trait of trickery and deceit. On the other there is an apparently straightforward demand to repudiate him in the name of common honesty, especially as It affects the relations of business to government. If business, no matter how big. refuses to recognize the obligations of good citizenship, it only invites trouble. The stockholders of the Standard Oil Company of Indiana have an to perform a real service.

groups or galaxies of galaxies. It has been known for some time that each spiral exhibited a rotary movement. Shapley also believes t hat there is evidence for super-galax-ies of galaxies of galaxies. He is now hunting also for evidences of unified motion in a galaxy of galax-

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Edltor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. PROBLEM of the child who stutters just is beginning to receive scientific consideration by specialists in psychology and medicine. The studies are beginning to bring out facts which emphasize the relationship of stuttering to the workings of the mind and of the brain., Drs. Orton and Travis are giving special attention to the relationship of right-handedness and left-handedness to the phenomenon of stuttering. Several previous investigators have reported cases of left-handed children who develop stuttering

THAT was an impressive hour when the nations met in Paris and signed the Kellogg treaty to cushion the world against war, but by their reservations since then they have pulled all the stuffing out of the upholstery and you can’t sit on it without being jabbed by a bayonet. It is as if a bunch of booze fighters should sign the pledge, then reserve the right to drink whisky, beer, gin, wine, absinthe, rum, applejack, and vodka. 000 The Anti-Tobacco League should acquaint the country with the horrible ravages of nicotine as shown in the case of Benjamin Hodge of Poplar B’uff, Mo. He is 114 years old and has smoked and chewed for more than 100 years, as a result of which he is able to walk only ten miles a day. 0 0 0 Veterans of the Civil war are dying at the rate of 1,000 a month and it will not be long until the last man who followed Joe Hooker beyond the clouds at Lookout mountain will have followed him beyond the clouds forever. While they live, they are the honored guests of the republic they preserved. 0 0 0 The fathers of American daughters deeply sympathize with the people of Afghanistan who ran their king and queen into a corner, and made them rescind their program to introduce western fashions. . We need not send any missionaries to Afghanistan. 0 0 0 A Japanese scientist claims that the stature es people depends on their diet and that the Japanese the small because they live on rice. We don’t know anything about this, but we do maintain that no nation can endure unless it is founded on fried mush.

Jan. 19 1807—Birthday of Robert E. Lee1809—Birthday of Edgar Allen Poe. 1848—Gold discovered in California. 1861—Georgia seceded from the Union.

A time to weep and a time to laugh: a time to mourn anil a time to dance. —Eccl. 3:4. 000 WRITE it on your heart that every day is the best day of the year. No man lias learned anything rightly until he knows that every day is Doomsday.—Emerson.

Relieving an Embarrassing Situation

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Study of Stutterers Reveals Facts

Reason

This Date in U. S. History

Daily Thought

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

when they were forced to. become right-handed. One investigator reported eighft cases of delayed development of speech due to this cause. ■* Dr. Orton found instances in which there were disturbances of speech and even of the ability to read and write associated with stuttering. Mid with the use of the right hand m persons normally lefthanded. ' In a recent investigation attempts were made to find out to what extent motion of the arms and hands were lated to the phenomenon of stuttering. Electrical devices were used to record motions. People who spoke normally, in the vast majority of cases, used the right hand first. In only one instance was there any variation, and

By Frederick LANDIS

TT is little wonder that Mr. Hoover is perplexed abort the selection of a secretary of state after conferring with Elihu Root and Charles E. Hughes, both of whom wore exceedingly large international hats. I 000 The National Safety Council tells us that 27,000 people were killed in the United States by automobiles in 1927, which is about four thousand more than were killed in India the same year by tigers, leopards, bears, elephants and snakes. And the Hindoos didn’t have to pay for the upkeep of the jungle.

Common Bridge Errors AND HOW TO CORRECT THEM

-BY W. W. WENTWORTH—-

121. TAKING A FINESSE FIRST TIME SUIT IS PLAYED North (Dummy)A 10 7 4 3 10 7 OAK J 9 4 A 106 West— Leads y 3 EastSouth (Declarer)— AA s 5 A 4 2 06 3 2 AAK 8 2 The Bidding—South bids notrump and all pass. Deciding the Play—West leads 3 of hearts which Declarer takes with ace of hearts. A holdup is useless, for East holds four cards in hearts. How should Declarer play to make game? The Error —Declarer decideds to establish the diamond suit and finesses jack of diamonds which is won by East, game being sacrificed. The Correct Method —To make game, Declarer must make five tricks in diamonds. After taking first trick with ace of hearts, Declarer should play 2 of diamonds and overtake with king of diamonds on which queen of diamonds may fall. If not. he should return to closed hand with a club, play 3 of diamonds and finesse jack of diamonds unless the fall of the cards has given some clear indication of the location of queen of diamonds, whereupon Declarer plays accordingly. The Principle—When holding a

that concerned a player of tennis and handball who seemed able to use the right and left hands with approximately equal facility. Seventeen right-handed stutterers were by the same mechanism, including four who had changed from the left hand to the right in childhood. In only three of these cases did the electrical device indicate a desire to use the right hand previous to the left. The results seem to show definitely some relationship between the handedness of the persons concerned and their speech ability. They are an Indication of the possibility for the future in getting at the causes of stuttering and in lowering the incidence of this embarrassing and disturbing disability.

NO STUFFING LEFT 0 0 0 A HORRIBLE CASE 0 0 0 WHILE THEY" LIVE

ALL the interest Americans have had in the Kellogg treaty has been eclipsed by this report that a fellow in New Mexico just has built a motor that gets 100 miles to the gallon. 000 If this mechcanical man, Eric Robot, performs half as well as reported, it would be wonderful economy to buy a joblot of Erics and use them in congress in the place of the rubber stamp statesmen we now pay SIO,OOO a year. 000 This country has 6,989 hospitals, but this isn’t very many when you consider that something like 5,000 of them are devoted to taking care of the appendicitis cases out at Hollywood. 000 Gilda Gray got her divorce, but she can’t remarry for a whole year, which is a long time for a motion picture actress to be kept out of circulation.

suit headed by ace-king-jack, avoid taking the finesse the first time that suit is played. Thereby you will capture the possible singleton queen or help locate its position.

Voice Views Times Readers

Editor of The Times: One of the claims of the proportional voting adherents is that no group, no matter how strong, can capture the entire council. That sounds like an English system or a German system; surely not American. This country need not be afraid of a majority; the trouble has been, in the past, of strongly organized minorities. In Cincinnait according to Sherrill's own statement the following politicians Were elected to the council: Fred Smaller, Republican boss; Stanley Mathew, organization Democrat; E. D. Dickens organization Democrat; Martin Daly. Republican machine; Charles O. Rose, identified with Cincinnati politics for several years. This gives five of the nine to politicians. He also, says “In other words, the two-party system of government is carried out, but both parties are represented, working together instead of being in direct opposition.” Well, that’s the “H” of it; what the people want is for them to watch each other instead of working together. T. A. Indianapolis, Ind. *

JAN. 19, 1929

liiu aad opinions expressed In this e• In m n ore those of one of America’* moet luterestInc writer* and are presented without retard to their axreement with the editorial attitude of this paper. The Editor.

IT SEEMS TOME * By HEYWOOD BROUN

JOHN S. SUMNER, who has brought a complaint against the English novel, “The Well of Loneliness,” said in a letter to the Telegram, “Certainly there is a pathological problem known as inversion, which is a matter of medical study.” This is a favorite device of censors. They are fond of assigning a large number of subjects to the attention of physicians and insisting that such themes should never be brought to the notice of the lay reader. It is a form of special privilege. Only a doctor may dare glance at certain books, and as he opens the forbidden volume he can say, “This won’t hurt me because I’ve studied medicine.” Mildly I suggested that this generosity on the part of the censors may lead to their undoing. The concession made to medical men undermines the whole cause of suppression. If doctors can read dangerous works without damage, it is because they come to such treaties armed with knowledge. If this is so, why should not the entire community say, “The trouble with us lies not in an undue frankness, but in our lack of information?” If facts are bulletproof, why not a civilization based upon clear-eyed comprehension and not upon inflammable ignorance? Os course, I may be told that it is impossible to raise an entire community up to the high mental standard of the medical profession. That may be so, but can’t we go part way? If profound wisdom is a sterlizing agent, it may be that some slight gleam of comprehension is more sanitary than complete darkness. 000 Public’s Business AS a matter of fact, several of the subjects which Sumner and others would assign to the medical profession, with everybody else excluded, are not essentially medical problems. Inversion which Sumner would confine to consulting room and laboratory discussion is for the most part a social problem. In the first place, a vast majority of people burdened with what we call sexual abnormalities never come into contact with physicians at all. One of the unfortunate things about abnormal people is that they are normal enough to detect their own shortcomings. Very few physicians, if any, can do much to correct the mental slant of people who have become set in anti-social lives. If help is to come to these unfortunates, it must be given during adolescene or before. To that end it is essential that teachers, social workers and, most of all, parents, should have some knowledge of psychiatry. It is monstrous that most instructors in schools and colleges should be almost as ignorant of complicated sexual problems as ,the very pupils they profess to teach. This nation, like most others, has been content to assume that what we call abnormality or perversion is a thing so rare and unusual that it may be best for all concerned to forget about it. There is no indication whatsoever that the business of forgetting has diminished in any way the incidents of abnormality. Indeed I think we might make a good start by dropping such words as “perversion” and “abnormality.” There is too much reproach in them. One cannot escape the im-. plication that there is something wilfully vicious about all persons who do not conform to the traditional emotions of mankind. The study of many wise men seems to suggests that whidh we call normalcy is in itself a rarity in any 100 per cent form. 000 Light and More Light TT seems not only possible, but probable that everybody in hisjourney from youth to maturity, passes through mental stages which would be highly unfortunate as permanent possessions. Practices which are generally ; assigned to the evils of super-so- | phistication are more than likely j the product of delay in infancy, j Again I wish to emphasize the | point that the community needs much more education and not a great deal less* Also I think "it is wall to member that these probuems should not forever remain merely the concern of highly specialized thinkers. It is a mistake for the community to act as if the medical profession were a sort of priesthood possessing secrets which must never be revealed outide the charmed circle. Within recent years the public has been successful in demanding that it be given the simple facts of diet and hygiene. There is ample reason for asking a broad dissemination of the findings of psychiatrists. We must fumigate against wronk mental concepts as well as again microbes. • 000 Sincerity Not Enough WITH all sincerity, Sumner would say that he was doing precisely this and that he sought to ban books which were in themselves infectious. But Sumner’s sincerity does not keep him from being tragically nfcstaken. In spite of his job, he is himself a man painfully ignorant of the facts of life. ' Perhaps he may be able to produce some individual who has been ruined by a book, but I will match his horrible example with ten people who have suffered from no such palpable suggestion, but had the misfortune just not to know anything. As far as anybody can tell, the best sort of mental sanitation consists of free, full and frank sex education for the young. To be sure, Sumner is not fighting against this, but he would say that it should be given by the parents or the family dpetor. (Copyright. 192#. for The Time#)