Indianapolis Times, Volume 40, Number 158, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 November 1928 — Page 4

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A Dangerous Experiment In an effort to check the admitted increase of .crime, the local prosecutor proposes that the law be ,so changed that those convicted of crime be sent to prison pending appeals of their sentences to higher . courts. Those charged with enforcement of laws are naturally chagrined that men who are declared guilty by juries remain at liberty for many months while higher courts consider appeals. But the remedy for this condition does not necessarily lie in sending men who may be innocent to . prison, in order to get a larger number of really guilty behind bars. The experiment is more than dangerous, not for : the amount of wrong that it win do, but because of the principle and theory behind it. It has never been the theory of our law that it is better to punish a few innocent men than to permit many guilty to escape. Exactly the opposite has been the basie upon which this country has always acted. If the proposed change were made, very many innocent men would suffer, for the higher courts very frequently decide that the lower courts and juries have unjustly and illegally convicted those charged with crime. There are remedies for the very real evil which ijdoes exist }“ the interminable appeals. One of these is sp. jdier action in the higher courts and a thange in methods which permit cases to be held up for months and years before any decision is reached. It is not in the theory of speedy justice that an fepneal wherein the liberty of any man is involved Should be undecided for three or four years. There are other ways of curbing crime than by jeopardizing legal rights. One of these is a reform rfn the legal profession. While every man is entitled to a legal defense when ‘fcharged with crime, no guilty man is entitled to the legal services of a lawyer who knows that his client is guilty. Some very respectable and respected lawyers make real money by defending those whom they must be certain are guilty of the crimes charged. They re- ' sort to tricks to inject error into the records. They condone, at times, false testimony and some are suspected of suggesting plausible tales. r if every lawyer would act really as an officer of the court and inform the court when they learned of a .client’s guilt, there would be less crime. 1 If a lawyer were disbarred for concealing knowl■tedge of the guilt of a client, guilty men would understand that crime does not pay. That would work .no hardship on either the individual or society. No .lawyer owes a guilty client any duty except advice to confess and, perhaps, a plea for light sentence on any grounds that might show reasons for mercy. Crime is a problem. The legal profession could solve it by a few new standards of ethics.

Britain’s Prime Minister Britain’s prime minister, Stanley Baldwin, must have a most engaging personality. Never, apparently is he personally responsible for anything that goes wrong. Always it is some wicked subordinate who has bungled a secret treaty with France, or failed to carry out a pledge of domestic reform. And, remarkable to relate, his opponents as much as his supporters forever are chorusing that it is not Baldwin’s fault. “He has not the strength to impose his personality on his followers,” explains one of the latter. The other day in parliament the government (Mr. Baldwin) was “interpellated"—questioned—by MacDonald and Lloyd George and was backed into a corner. There seemed no way out. But Baldwin smiled and replied: “That touches me on a sensitive spot. I always felt that the factory acts should have had first attention. But It seemed necessary to take up these other matters. Rather a pity, wasn’t it?” And there you are. Can you dissolve a government that treats serious matters as if they were dinner-table talk? The only response to the devastating charges in relation to the secret treaty over armaments with France which was opposed to the American entente was a polite suggestion by Baldwin that, tea time having arrived, all adjourn to the terrace, and that disagreeable business be laid over until tomorrow or i the next day. Poor Stanley! It seemed a ptty to plague him with Such annoying matters. Praise for the Blacklist A New York pastor told a chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution from his pulpit that the use of the now famous “blacklist” showed high courage and common sense. The blacklist, it will be recalled, was a compilation of names of persons of liberal tendencies who were banned as speakers before the D. A. R. chapters. It included such persons as Rabbi Wise, Senator Borah, Jane Addams, William Allen White, and many others equally prominent. “Pacifists may be right in theory, but not in practice,” according to the learned divine. In other words, if you believe the abolition of war is the greatest boon that could come to humanity, and an object worth striving for, you are a pacifist, a red, a radical, a communist—a dangerous person. If you would keep armaments within reasonable bounds, you belong in the same category. But if you swallow a big navy program like that offered to congress last session by Secretary Wilbur, as did the D. A. R., and approve constantly bigger military outlays, you become a patriot, and as such win the approval of the hereditary daughters and militaristic preachers. It is strange when a pastor approves suppressing discussion about armaments and war, and stranger still to hear from a pulpit a condemnation of those who seek to establish peace on earth. Churches, among all human agencies, should be in the forefront of the movement to keep Christians from slaughtering other Christians. Prison Spies Members of a special committee of the House of Representatives who have been investigating federal prisons have expressed themselves as shocked and more or less outraged at the discovery that the department of justice had “planted” agents in the prisons in the guise of prisoners, to get inside information on the misdeeds of wardens and others in charge of prisoners. Before getting terribly excited over the method

The Indianapolis Times (A SCKII’I’S HOHAKD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by Tbe Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 W Maryland Street. Indianapolis. Ind Price In Marlon County 2 cents—lo cents a week: elsewhere, 3 cents—l 2 cents a week. BOYD GORLEY. BOY W HOWARD* FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE—RII.E? SDSL THURSDAY, NOV. 22, 1928. Member of United Press, Bcripps Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

used to get evidence on prison abuses, we would be inclined to consider the abuses themselves. The whole problem is appallingly difficult. There is overcrowdihg. That is admitted. Penitentiaries like Atlanta are housing a third more prisoners than they are built for. (Thanks to the Volstead act.) There is favoritism. Everybody has heard how a special suite with private bath was built to accommodate a very wealthy bootlegger. But the worst evil and the hardest to get real evidence about is the sale of drugs to the prisoners. It has been testified that more addicts come out than qo into our prisons. The drug habit is formed in these institutions. And the reason for the continuance and spread of the evil is the fact that there are drug “rings.” There is profit to be made in the selling of the drugs. Prisoners are able to get money for dope if they want it. And they are taught to want it. Planting under-cover agents in the penitentiaries is not a nice practice, but anything that can be done to clean up the very bad conditions prevailing in those institutions perhaps may be excused. Lives Vs, Profits The ugliest of the many charges in the Vestris disaster is that lives were sacriced for profits. The old ship was not as safe as modern invention could make her, and Captain Carey withheld the radio call for help, which would have saved lives but increased salvage fees. Unless Carey was Incapacitated mentally during those fateful hours of negligence, he must share some of the blame, though he went down with his ship. But that in no sense explains the tragedy. It only raises a larger question This captain was known personally to thousands of passengers and to hundreds of seamen for many years as an able master and as a humane man. What fear was greater to him than the fear of Jeopardizing the lives of his passengers? What sense of duty was so strong that it could overcome his duty to his passengers? Here is the explanation of other captains, as recounted by Charles Johnson Post, marine expert, in his Vestris articles appearing in this newspaper: “In the name of’bod, don’t forget the strain Carey was under. Strain of what—the wreck that was go- ; ing down under his feet? No. He had to save money for his owners to the last gasp—even his own last gasp —and he dared not risk the expense involved in an appeal for help for the sinking ship except at the expense of all that his job meant to him and his dependents. “At present human lives are cheaper than safe ships. Hazards of the sea? The ship owners are the worst perils of the sea that are surviving today.” Here is the explanation of Andrew Furuseth, veteran leader of the seaman’s union: "The captain is dead and it is perfectly safe now for everybody to lay the blame on him, because he can’t defend himself; but seamen know that the master has been shorn not only of his power to see that j the vessel is propv-.iy stowed, but also of his power to : see that the life-saving appliances and crew are, in fact, seaworthy.” If these charges are true it means that the whole system is criminally wrong. That goes much farther than the captain or owners of the Vestris. It applies 1 to all ship companies. It reveals the inadequacy of national laws and international regulations. It risks the lives of all crews and passengers at sea. This is a conflict between property rights and human rights. That conflict is as o " as civilization. It was the heart of the slavery issue. It was the issue which Anally forced pure food laws, laDor safety conditions In industry, regulation of railroads. Human life is more precious than profits. But this is rather late in the day to be making that discovery regarding ships. Unless the public Insists on enactment and enforcement of national laws and international regulations guaranteeing safe ships and free ship officers, there probably will be many more Vestris disasters.

_______ David Dietz cn Science ■- Whole World His Field . No. 214

THOMAS A. EDISON is known to most people as the inventor of the pnonegraph, the incandescent light and the motion picture camera. Few people realize, however, the vast number of important fields in which Edison had a part. These were stressed recently when congress conferred its medal of honor upon Edison. Edison began his career as an inventor by making many improve-

CCN6RE3MONALMEDAL AWARDED TO EDISON

stock tickers. In 1870, he received $40,000 for some inventions, the first money which he received for inventions. In 1872, he assisted Sholes, the inventor of the typewriter to make the first working model of that machine. During the next four years he made some dozens of inventions, ranging from paraffin paper to the quadruplex telegraph. The quadruplex made it possible to send four messages over one telegrapk line. This meant the savings of millions of dollars which otherwise would have gone into additional telegraph wires. He also invented many other electrical devices during this time. During the course of his experiments, he recognized the existence of certain electrical forces, the exact nature of which he could not ascertain. He called ‘them “etheric force.” Today, we know that Edison had come upon the electromagnetic waves which made radio possible. In 1876, he moved to Menlo Park, N. J., where he located his laboratory. This same year, he invented the carbon telephone transmitter. This transmitter made telephony a commercial possibility. The radio microphone in use in broadcasting stations today is essentially a telephone transmitter, so that Edison also deserves considerable credti for radio broadcasting. Edison’s inventions up to 1876 would haye constituted a considerable career for most men. But Edison was only getting under way. He was yet to the inventions for which he was chiefly famous.

M. E. TRACY SAYS: “The Mad Rush of Stock Trading Is a Menace to the Nation.”

SIX million four hundred thousand shares a day, where 5,000,000 was a record only a few weeks ago and 4,000,000 only a few months. Five hundred twenty-five thousand for a seat on the Stock Exchange, where one could be bought for $290,000 in 1927, $76,000 in 1923, and $45,000 in 1918. * . Are we crazy, or have we found a golden egg-laying goose that can not be killed? Men of supposedly sound financial judgment stand amazed. Leonard Ayres of Cleveland points out that we have had twelve welldefined stock market booms; that they have averaged a run of about two years, and that, according to such average, the present one soon should complete Its course. Alarmed at what might happen if the craze were not checked, the federal reserve has force i call money up by raising the rediscount rate. No good! Those who fancy the upward trend irresistible are not dismayed by 7 per cent money. The chances are chey would not be dismayed by 10 or 15 per cent. BUB Borrowing Is Difficult Ten or fifteen billion dojlars has been added to the capital investment of certain great corporations since the first of the year, with little more to show for it than the swapping of paper certificates ani the childish notion that we at last have struck such a good tfting it cannot be overdone. WhUe it has had little, if any effect on the gambling, the advance in interest rates has served to divert a vast amount of money from ! legitimate business. Merchants, manufacturers, and I farmers find it difficult to borrow j what they need. Our entire economic structure has j been weakened by the concentration of public credit in support of what amounts to little more than a highclass poker game. The idea that creating wealth involves nothing more serious than watching a blackboard and barking orders has developed to the proportions of a mental disease. Millions of people have laid aside their ambition, to play an ever-ris ing market. Not only that, but they have swallowed the pleasant gospel that the market never wUI sag. , b a a Patriotism Makes Fools One might as well spit against the north wind as .to be cynical. “Don’t sell the United States short," has become a national slogan, which means that we have made patriotism an excuse for playing the fool. It requires no financial shrewdness to understand that bubbles cannot be blown eternally without the certainty of bursting. When we make the value of stocks, oil leases, or real estate depend on the notion that no matter what we pay for them, someone will pay more, we are playing a game that can have but one end. The mad rush of stock trading in progress since the first of the year, which has become a veritable frenzy since the election, is the worst danger we face. The god of prosperity is being overworked. Those who are laying their fortunes, careers, and aspirations on his altars with such reckless abandon are only creating a pile of prayers he cannot possibly answer. To put the proposition in a more practicaly way, we are subjecting business to a demand for dividends through this arbitrary inflation of capital investment and this boost in interest rates that is unreasonable.

Self-Control Gone Good times not only have made us drunk with reference to the stock market, but with reference to selfcontrol and a decent sense of responsibility. Justice becomes a matter of wind jamming, law a matter of red tape, moralty a matter of quibbling, and government a matter of politics. Colonel Stewart may have lied, but no quorum was present, so he could not be convicted. A thin excuse, perhaps, if measured by abstract principles, but none the less effective, the point being that others were in the same boat. According to the record, a quorum was present. If the record was false, why be hard-boiled toward a witness who mght have gotten his facts mixed? Common sense suggests that all hands should be punished, but senators and senatorial committees, are, to a, measurable extent, above the law. That being so, the court thought it fair to treat Colonel Stewart with similar indulgence. Fair, maybe, but what are we to teach our children about the necessity of telling the truth under any and all circumstances?

ments in telegraph machines. His first patent, awarded Oct. 11, 1868, was for an electric vote recorder. From that day on, the whole world, practically has been Edison's field. In 1869 h Franklin L. Pope as an electrical engineer, and his next inventions were improved

Diamonds and Duties We have a duty on diamonds—2o per cent for cut stones and 10 per cent for uncut. That duty is for revenue only, the theory being that those who can afford diamonds best can afford to pay taxes. Enter the smuggler, promising to get diamonds jn for 8 per cent and enter the jeweler willing to deal with him for additional profit. The government must quit, we are told, because there are too many smugglers and too many dealers willing to deal with them. Why not repeal the income tax on the same theory, or every other law that presents a tough problem. The creed of “you can’t” has come to cut both ways. “You can’t,” says the government to the citizen in a multiple chorus. “Neither can you,” yells back the latter. “Let’s both quit."

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

BY DR. MORRIS FISIIBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hvgeia, the Health Magazine. OUR public responds to the introduction of any new measure or activity in its daily life with tremendous waves of enthusiasm, which fail to consider scientific fact. When it was shown a few years ago that utraviolet rays had the specific property of preventing rickets in the child, they began to be recommended as a panacea for almost every type of disturbance to which the human being may be heir. Chronic rheumatism, baldness, pernicious anemia, and tuberculosis were only a few of the diseases or conditions for what they were sold. Asa result of this widespread dissemination of this potent method of treatment and as a result particularly of overdosing, reports have already become available of bad effects following the use of these

IT was appropriate for the leaders of the National Grange to visit Mount Vernon, for George Washington was the greatest and most prosperous farmer of the Colonial period. He maintained strict discipline, kept books on everything, and the products which bore his name were favorites up and down the seaboard. But lavish entertaining all but wiped out his profits, his guests being so numerous he had to buy butter, though he kept more than one hundred cows. B tt U One pitied the late President Harding’s father, just dead at Marion, 0., for after the fleeting joy of his son’s election, the old gentleman’s day were filled with the scandals, tragedies and whisperings which followed the administration. Adversity has an endless appetite for innocent bystanders. BBS Highly imaginative Britons will get a thrill out of the lion-hunting of the Prince of Wales in Africa, but it is al las safe as eating fried oysters, the prince being completely shielded from danger. Few lion hunts, for that matter, are arranged for the convenience of the lions. BUB A gentleman in the southwest who just shuffled off this mortal coil at the age of 102, asked that it be recorded on his tomb that he had never voted anything DUt a straight party ticket. Which is just another way of saying that the hinges on all the doors of his brain cells were rusty. 000 About the only improvement that has occurred in the matter of American crime is that the criminals are better looking, at least, we used to imagine they were all repulsive, while most of our present killers are perfectly beautiful. 000 Possibly President Coolidge does not wish to submit a long program of legislation to congress, because he expects to be engaged in arranging for John’s White House wedding to Miss Trumbell.

This Date in U. S. History

Nov. 22 1643—Birthday of Robert de La Salle, French explorer in America. 1801—Pillory used in Boston for the last time. 1867—Louisiana repealed its ordinance of secession, abolished slavery and disfranchised confederates. 1867—Jefferson Davis, president of Richmond. *

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Danger in Overdoing Ultra Violet Rays

Reason

All Set for Him

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

lamps under conditions that are not controlled. A common effect of overdosing is sleeplessness, restlessness, loss of weight, and nausea. Scientific reports indicate that resistance of infections by bacteria may be lowered if too large a sur face of the body is irradiated at ofte time. The second or third day after a large overdose, the skin becomes hot, red, swollen, and inflamed and in some cases may seem to be burned severely. Too long repeated applications may result in thickening of the skin; sometimes severe overdosing is associated with headaches and pains in the eyes. The eyes are especially sensitive to ultra-violet rays and must be pro tected by wearing goggles during the treatment. People who are highly nervous and neurotic are more sensitive to

By Frederick LANDIS

THE mayor of Herrin, 111., and the state’s attorney of the county are among the 100 just indicted for violating the liquor laws, which, with the corruption scandals of Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Chicago and other places, together with all that we know is going on, should convince any normal mind that unless we can throw around law enforcement the great educational campaign which made the adoption of the eighteen amendment possible, we are facing a situation which we cannot dodge forever. 000 Chicago's latest murder uncovers a bootlegger, who specialized in the sale of liquor to boys and girls.

IWPQpßtigllt

BY FABYAN MATHEY Diamonds are trumps and South has the lead. North and South must win two of the three tricks, against a perfect defense. c t> H—Non* o—B C—s NORTH S—6 ' . S—4 H—K tn £ H—None D—None j£ g D—J-3 C—B C—None SOUTH S— None H—A * P-5 C—lo LAY out the cards on a table, as shown in the diagram, and study the situation. See if you can find a method of play that will give North and South two tricks. The solution is printed herewith.

The Solution

THIS is a case of forcing the opponents’ most dangerous trump without destroying your own hand by leading trumps. South leads the ace of hearts, which North trumps with the eight. If East then discards his spade, North leads the eight of spades.

the rays than are those apparently of more settled nervous systems. On the other hand, it is reported that in many cases instability of the nervous system may be the result of insufficient ultra-violet. In the presence of kidney disease, heart disease, high fever or periodic activity in women, ultraviolet rays must be used with great caution. It is an aphorism in medicine that every force which is potent for good may also do harm. The superior council of public hygiene of France, in view of the possible dangers from ultra-violet rays, recently issued the following statement : “Given the serious accidents which may result from the use of ultraviolet apparatus handled by incompetent persons, it is necessary in the interest of public health to confine the use of these procedures to a hospital service and to authorize their application only by a specialist physician.”

THE GREATEST FARMER AN ENDLESS APPETITE ft If 0 HIS HINGES ARE RUSTY

THERE’S something about ships which stirs the nation’s imagination as nothing else and we are glad to hear that two of the largest to be constructed for service between liners ever built in this country are San Francisco and Australia. How strange that we should all realize that the foreign sale of our surplus is indispensable to our prosperity, yet fail to build a merchant marine, which is the delivery wagon of foreign commerce, and without which a nation is at the mercy of its competitors. 000 There should be a special comer in hell set aside for such a bird. 000 The assertion that science may be able to build artificial men a century hence to do the work of the world and let the natural born have a good time, is very interesting, but it won’t do you and me any good, unless as we sometimes think, death may slip a round-trip ticket into our shrouds.

Now East must play one of his trumps. If he plays the three, South overtrumps with the five. If he plays the Jack, South discards his club and wins the final trick with his five of trumps. If East overtrumps North’s eight at the first trick, he must lead either his low trump or the four of spades. If he leads the former, South wins with the five and then takes the final trick with the ten of clubs. If he leads the four -of spades, North wins it, and South’s good trump takes the last trick. ,

Daily Thought

Some therefore cried one thing, and some another;; for the as- ( sembly was confused; and the more part knew not wherefore they were come together.—Acts 19:32. 000 THE mob have neither judgment nor principle—ready to bawl at night for the reverse of what they desired in the morning.— Tacitus. What does a blue discharge from the Army signify? Blue discharges were given during the World War to men who were discharged from the Army on acocunt of physical disability, or for a similar reason.

NOV. 22,1928

KEEPING UP With THE NEWS

BY LUDWELL DENNY (Copyright. Scripps-Howard Newspapers. 1928 • WASHINGTON, Nov. 22.—Imminent overthrow of the Soviet government has been reported by 'rzarist emigre stories in antiRussian newspapers so often during the last eleven years, that the hardy annual this fall is dismissed by most American officials with a yawn. So long as there is a large corps of American correspondents and business men in the interior of Russia sending out daily reports of normalcy, Washington apparently will refuse to get excited by these revivals of fantastic tales from Riga, Warsaw and Paris. The latest long-distance reports of Soviet collapse happen to coincide with vsits to Russia of hardheaded capitalist investigators who are so sure these czarist emigre yarns are lies that they arc gambling several millions of dollars on the stability of the communist government. Charles Dewey, American financial adviser in Poland, former assistant secretary of the treasury and a close friend of Herbert Hoover, is leaving Russia this week and soon coming to the United States. If there is an active counter-revolution on in Russia, he has failed to report it to his friends here. Standard Oil, General Electric Company which this month extended a $26,000,000 credit to Moscow, and the New York banks doing business with Russia, all usually know what they are doing. It Is precisely this rapid increase in Russia trade and credits in the United States which explains the new crop of anti-Russian “myths” from such places as Riga and Paris, in the opinion of Boris E. Skvirsky, director of the Soviet Union Information bureau here. Today he expressed agreement with a New York Times Moscow dispatch of Nov. 17 “characterizing the stories of a Separatist urprising in the Ukraine as an ‘exploded myth’.” Skvirsky, in reply to questions charged that: “All these yarns are deliberately concocted by interested persons with the purpose of hurting Soviet credits abroad. The recent marked increases in American-Soviet trade and the closer relationship established between Soviet producing organizations and large American business concerns have caused a desperate activity among the fabricators of such mendacities.”

TO the emigre stories that Russian cities are starving because of a grain famine caused by crop failure and a general uprising of peasants, the Soviet information burean here replies: “The grain crop of last summer approximately was half a million bushels above that of last year and about equal to the pre-war average. The peasants have been selling their grain in larger quantities and at better prices than last year. Procurements in October were 1,778,000 metric tons. 77.5 per cent greater than in October last year. The peasants have also had the best cotton and sutrar beet crops since the war, respectively 16 and 4 per cent larger than the pre-war average. “It is true that some unreconstructed kulaks or wealthy peasants who had become speculators and middlemen rather than producers uncer the old regime, resent the taxation scheme which is scaled to assist r e needier peasants, and resent the coming of education in the villages. The Soviet press has reported that kulaks have caused the murder of some fifty peasant correspondents and village educational workers during the last three months.” To the emigre yarns that the Soviet state is toppling into bankruptcy, the bureau replies with these statistics: “On Nov. 15, the gold fund of the department of issue of the state bank was higher than at any time since the stabilization of the currency in the summer of 1924. Industrial production for the fiscal year ending Sept. 30 last, increased over 20 per cent over the previous year, and was 25 per cent above that of 1913. The value of the agricultural output was the greatest since the war. The foreign trade turnover was the largest since the war.”

Questions and Answers

You can get an answer to an; answerable question of fact or Information by writing to Frederick M Kerb;. Question Editor The Indianapolis Times’ Washington Bureau. 1322 New York Ave., Wahlngton. D. 0.. Inclosing 2 cents In stamps for reply. Medical and legal advice cannot be given, nor can extended research be made. All ether questions will rectlve a personal reply, nslgned requests cannot be answered. All letters are confidential You are cordially Invited to make use of this How long has Molly O’Day been in motion pictures? Has she always been known by that name? Molly O'Day has been in motion pictures about three years. She formerly appeared in two-reel comedies under the name of Sue O’Neil. Then she changed her name to Kitty Kelly, and later decided on the name by which she is now known. Her real name is Suzanne Noonan, and she is a sister of Sally O’Neil (Virginia Noonan). Who manufactures the official baseballs for the two major leagues? The official National League baseballs are manufactured by A. G. Spalding & Bros., 126 Nassau street, New York, and the official American League balls are manufactured by the A. J. Reach Cos., Tulip and Palmer street, Philadelphia, Pa. Would it be possible to cross the continent on a bus? It is possible to cross the continent on busses, but there is no transcontinental bus system operating from coast to coast at the present time. Did Kosciusko receive a grant of land from the American government? On the occasion of his second visit to the United States in 1797 he received a grant of land from congress.