Indianapolis Times, Volume 40, Number 79, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 August 1928 — Page 4

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StK l PPS -H OW AMD

Where Is Kiplinger? Once more D. C. Stephenson is in the courts, persistent and persisting, hoping perhaps that some turn of the legal wheel will give him freedom. The people may have little or no interest in what happens to this famous prisoner whose Black Boxes contained so many secrets and whose activities and manipulations brought to power many who disgraced the State and still hope to pillage it. But it must be rather annoying to the politicians who once profited by his power and favor to be reminded so often of their debts and their sins. The latest move to gain freedom is important for one reason. It serves to remind the people that the list of his attorneys no longer contains the name of one Kiplinger, very prominent a year ago when grand juries were hunting for the Black Boxes and for evidence. Eight months ago a grand jury whose indictments were many and varied and whose work brought universal commendation, made a very specific recommendation concerning this particular attorney for Stephenson. It asked that contempt proceedings be brought at once against him. The reason was stated, as serious as it was clear. That jury charged that Kiplinger had been very busy getting witnesses away from the grand jury and that as matter of fact he did not represent the interests of Stephenson, who then wanted to tell, but did represent some very important gentlemen who were quite anxious that nothing be discovered or disclosed. It was Kiplinger who was. in conference with the man who held custody of the Black Boxes just before this citizen disappeared for a few weeks from the State. It was Kiplinger who conferred with the confidential stenographer of Stephenson just before she went under an assumed name at a very expensive hotel in Cincinnati, hardly in keeping with a stenographer’s salary, when the grand jury wished to consult her concerning the Stephenson regime. The people of this community had confidence in that grand jury. It merited that confidence. When it charged, in effect, that a lawyer had so conducted himself as to obstruct justice and to benefit those who had something to hide, the people believed that it had something more than rumor on which to act. The people may forget the Black Boxes. They may forget that fervent letter of thanks for a pearl necklace. They may forget the contract which Ralph Updike, who wants to go back to Congress, signed with the former dragon. But they will not forget Kiplinger and they are beginning to wonder why no charge has been made against him as demanded by the grand jury. Why should a lawyer be immune? /

Circle Parking Just why the city council picked on the Circle as the one spot in which to stop parking is probably understood —by the councilmen. Congestion in the downtown district sents a problem, and always will until municipal garages or parking fields furnish a solution. Our modern city was not planned with any idea of the thousands of automobiles and the difficulties as well as the benefits which they present. It does seem discriminatory to select one part Os the downtowu district from which the machine is to be banned and permit parking on all other thoroughfares. Traffic problems are always difficult. The present system slows up the pedestrian and the auto. There is protest and discontent where there is no protest. Perhaps the taking of a few autos away from the Circle will solve the whole problem. Here’s hoping. A Mine Magna Charta If the troubles of the soft coal industry are ever to be permanently solved or mitigated, we venture to believe it will be in the spirit which has led to the signing of a really remarkable contract between the Rocky Mountain Fuel Company of Colorado and the United Mine Workers. E. P Costigan, recently United States tariff commissioner, apparently was the moving spirit behind the agreement, which is the more remarkable because the Colorado coal fields, although generally nonunion, have just had a bitter ana paralyzing strike. * The document seeks, according to its preamble, ti "substitute reason toi violence confidence for misun deistanding, integrity and good faith for dishonest practices, and a union of efforts for the chaos of present economic warfare. "To avoid wasteful and needless strikes and lockouts ... To establish genuine collective bargaining through free and independent organization , . . To stabilize employment, production and the market . . . To assure mine workers and operators continuing mutual benefits ana consumers a dependable supply of coal at reasonaD e and uniform prices.' To fulfill these ends the contract raises wages from $6.77 a cV„y to $7, and promises a differential of 23

The Indianapolis Times (A BUKirrs-lIOH AKU nkwstateri Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Ind-tnnapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-22 U VV. Maryland Street, Indianapolis. Ind. Price In Marion County. 2 cents—lo cents a weeK : elsewhere. 8 cents—l 2 cents a week. BOYD CURLEY. ROY VV HOWARD. PRANK G MORRISON. Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE- UJLEY MBL WEDNESDAY. AUG. 22. 1928. Member ot (Jutted Press. Serlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

cents over any nonunion scale, provides a detailed and cooperative plan foi settling differences, pledges the men to stay at work pending adjustment, provides a department ot medicine and sanitation to be under joint control ot the men and the company, and pledges the workers to help operate the mines more efficiently. We commend this contract, and especially the spirit which animates it, to the consideration ot leaders on both sides in tlifc troubled bituminous fields ot the country, as well as to Congress, which is working on the problem. It sounds like a pretty good program lor permanent peace. Our Public Lands The United States Department of the Interior estimates the potential value of the Remaining public land in the United States to be twenty-six billion dollars. Most of this value—the equivalent of a land holding worth about $2lO for every man, woman and child in the country—is represented by agricultural possibilities which it would require super-salesmanship to market at this time. It is only a question of time, as the lives of nations go, however, until this land will be badly needed. And what is being done to fulfill our obligations as holders of this land in trust for our grandchildren? Virtually nothing. Much of it is being used for cattle and sheep grazing over which there is absolutely no supervision. The result is usually overgrazing, the stripping of the soil of verdure, and resulting erosion which permanently destroys much of its usefulness. The Interior Department has proposed from time to time a system of Federal regulation of grazing, and a similar plan has been advocated by the United States Forestry Service. Livestock men using the public lands have generally opposed such a program as an interference with their ancient rights, and the western States, without advancing any alternative plan to check destruction of the pubile lands, have sounded the alarm of more bureaucracy and interference with “State's rights.” The result, made possible by general public Indifference to the problem of conserving the public lands, is continued wastage aggregating millions of dollars annually. Judicial Tyranny Probably Chief Justice Taft will take no notice of that complaint of a New York lawyer against the ! conduct of a Federal district judge in New York. He may not think it is anything he should bother about. And we don’t know what authority he has over district judges anyhow. All the same there should be some way of curbing the tyranny of Federal judges—and other judges, too, for that matter. On too frequent occasions we read of judges tyrannically, and often brutally, criticising j both lawyers and litigants in their courts. If it's a criminal case, the victim is often lectured from the bench in addition to the other punishment provided by law. The judge who does it is a cowardly bully. He Is czar in his court. He can punish for contempt anybody who talks back. His victim hasn’t a fighting chance. Many times the judge is playing for the newspaper first page—and gets it. He doesn’t get the wallop in the editorial page that he ought to get. He would get it if there was general understanding of the rights of American citizens in their relations to courts. And if the contempt of courts is as general as some people think it is, the sole reason for it is that two-legged men swelled up by their importance and having the courage of their power to punish for contempt, make themselves and the courts over which they preside contemptible. What this country needs right now is some definition and a general understanding of the rights of American citizens in our courts. Tigers in India killed more than 1,000 people last year. But the blind ones in this country killed even more than that. Emil Ludwig, in his impressions of America, views success, and not money, as the ideal. The professor must have missed seeing some of our better class cigaret ads. David Dietz on Science Priests Studied Dreams No. 135 AESCULAPIUS or Asklepios, as he is sometimes called, became the Greek god of healing. Originally, he was a Thessalian chief. According to Homer, he was a skilled physician and his two sons were, respectively, the physician and surgeon of the Greek heroes encamped before Troy. • With the passage of time, however, Asklepois was deified. His worship spread from Greece to Rome, reaching its height there. In the time of Alexander, it is estimated that there

j ASKLEPIOS

other medicinal springs whose waters had become amous for their curative powers. In time these temples became the centers ot what night be called health resorts. Large amphitheaters vere built at many of these resorts. The treatment at these shrines was a combination :f religious ritual and medical care. The sick made offerings upon the altar and then cent the night sleeping in the temple. They were then examined by the physician-priests ho ordered proper treatment. There was a theory that the dreams of the patients uring the night would reveal the nature of the disase and the proper type ot treatment. “but the physicians made careful examination ot he patients and prescribed to the best of their ability. Records ot cases were kept and libraries of medical iterature built up at these temples. Surgical operations were also performed at a num?r ot the temples. Regarding the attention which the physician'riests paid to dreams. Sir William Osier notes that it > interesting to contemplate the fact that today breams are again coming in lor study as the result of the work ot Freud and other psychoanalysts. One ot Freud’s books is titled “The Interpretation of Dreams."

M. E. TRACY SAYS: ‘‘Not Only Are Holland, Belgium, Switzerland and Denmark Training Their Boys to Bear Arms, but'They Are Keeping Up Military Establishments That Make Ours Look Tame by Comparison.”

|AR. NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER, president of Columbia University, quarrels not only with Hoover's stand on prohibition, but with his attitude toward national defense. Hoover said in his speech of acceptance. “There are two cooperating factors in the maintainence of peace—the building of good will by wise and sympathetic handling of international relations, and the adequate preparedness for defense.” The president of Columbia University can see nothing but old time jingoism in this statement. Taking Hoover to task for declaring that, "we must not only be just; we must be respected,” he asks, “is it not plain that the thought behind the word ‘respected’ would be more accurately expressed by the word ‘feared’?” ‘‘What sort of a mind and nature is it,” Dr. Butler wants to know, “which can, at this stage of the world’s history deliberately find a basis for respect in force, rather than in justice? Is not the just man, the just nation, respected? Are not Holland and Belgium, Switzerland and Denmark respected?” a a a Proof Not Convincing Holland, Belgium, Switzerland and Denmark—why did Dr. Butler choose those four particular nations for comparison? Was it an oversight, or does he accept them as shining examples of pacifism? They are small, to be sure, and not generally listed among those formidable powers commonly looked upon as dangerous. Each and everyone of them not only imposes compulsory service, but maintains an army much larger than that of the United States in proportion to its population. B B B Overshadow U. S, Army Holland, with a population of 7,416,000, maintains an active army of 18500 and an organized reserve of 330,000. If the United States main tained as large an active afmy in proportion to its population of 113,000,000, it would have 230.000 men in the field, and a National Guard of more than 5,280,000. Belgium, with a population of 7,800,000, maintains an active army of 65,000 anfi an organized reserve of 695.000, which, by the rule of proportion, would give the United States an active army of approximately 1,000.000 and a National Guard of more than 10.000.000. Switzerland, with a population of 3.900.000, maintains an active army of 170.000, and an organized reserve of 135,000. which would give the United States an active army of 5.000.000 and a National Guard of about 4,000.000. Denmark, with a population of 3.400.000. maintains an active army of 15.000. and an organized reserve of 125,000. which would give this country an active army of more than 500,000 and a National Guard of approximately 4.250.000. Instead of having an active army cf 280.000, as would be the case if it emulated Holland, or of 1.090,000 if it emulated Belgium, or 5.000.000 if it emulated Switzerland, or 500.000 of it emulated Denmark, the United States maintains one of only 134,000. Instead of having a National Guard of 5.280.000, as would be the care if it did like Holland, or 10.000.000 if it did like Belgium, or 4,000.000 if it did like Switzerland, or 4,250 000 if it did like Denmark, the United States maintains one of only 288,000.

Keep Up Army Training Taking the four nations, which Dr. Butler selected to prove his point, one must conclude that however much they depend on abstract justice, they are not overlooking the ability to defend themselves as a basis of respect. Not only are they training their boys to bear arms, but they are keeping up military establishments that make ours look by comparison. What is even more significant, most of the sixty-two governments and autonomous States which compose the family of nations maintain larger armies than this country in proportion to their population, while thirty-three of them still cling to conscription.' a a a Must Enforce Order As Dr. Butler says,' there may be millions who believe with him that the time has come not only to renounce war. but to lay the instrumentalities of war on the shelf for the sake of promoting international peace. But there'are more millions who agree with Hoover, who want peace, who are willing to work for peace, v.ho gladly approve any practical measure that promises to promote peace, but who are not * eady to jeopardize the interests of their country by making such a grand stand play as would convict them of having little acquaintance with the realities of life. In striving to attain the ideal of disarmament, we face conditions as well as theories. What we would like to do is still a very different thing from what it is safe to do. Dr. Butler proves nothing so distinctly by referring to Holland. Switzerland, Belgium and Denmark as that the world at large is not prepared to accept sheer intellectuality as a guarantee of law and order. We have not arrived at a state yet when we can dissociate justice from force even in the police court, much less in international affairs. A reign of law presumes power to enforce it, whether as applied to 'he village of of a thousand souls, or to the world.

were more than 300 temples dedicated to Asklepios His worship was introduced into Rome in the third century B. C., during a plague. His temple. built on the island of the Tiber, became a great resort. Many ot the temples to Asklepios were built on the sites of hot springs and

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This is the second of a series of three articles on the human voice. Tomorrow: The Process of Speech. BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hvgeia. the Health .Magazine. THE question of voice production is interesting not only to singers, but also to public speakers, actors, clergymen and politicians. Among'the factors that are concerned in voice production are tone, pitch, speed, rhythm, emphasis, intensity and articulation. Voices have been described as pleasant and unpleasant, well modulated, penetrating, but actually there are so many modifications that the entire gamut of adjectives might be called on to describe all of the possibilities. The tone may be smooth, grating, rough, hoarse, husky, breathy, throaty, clear or, strident. The pitch of the voice may be high or low. The speed of speech may be quick or slow and rhythm and emphasis vary greatly. The manner in which the voice is used is important in getting rid of monotony and in sustaining interest. Proper articulation can be obtained only by full use of the tongue and lips. Many languages, such as the Spanish and French, depend greatly on tone, rhythm and articulation. The English language permits a large amount of slurring. The editor of the Medical Press has pointed out that the English speakers tend to be lazy in their articulation and the upper lip is often kept immovable during speech. Indeed, he says that this may be

Bridge Play. Made Easy BT W. W. WENTWORTH (Abbreviations: A—aee: K—kins: Q—queen; J—jack: X—any card lower than iO.) IN the illustrations which follow, east has not bid and south has won the contract at one heart. West's holdings are shown and the correct blind opening leads accompany the issustrations: 1, Spades, K 9 5 3; hearts, Q XX; diamonds, 7 5; clubs, A J 5 2. West should lead the diamond 7. A lead from a suit headed by the King or ten-ace is undesirable. West chooses the least dangerous lead by playing diamonds. 2. Spades, J 5 4 2; hearts, Q 10 4 3; diamonds, 9; clubs, K 8 7 5. West should lead the spade 2. Avoid leading from a suit headed only by a King. The singleton diamond 9 should not be led, for when you hold four trumps y%u should lead .from your longest and strongest suit. 3. Spades, Q 5 4 3! hearts, 8 6; diamonds, 8 7 5 3; clubs, A Q 4. West should lead the spade 3. A lead from a worthless four-card suit such as diamonds is not desirable. The clubs should not be led, because that suit contains a ten-ace. 4. Spades, K J 10 7; hearts, J 4 3; diamonds, K 9 8 6 3; clubs, 10. West should lead the club 10. It is usually inadvisable to lead “away from the King.” With this holding, leading the singleton is a good gamble. 5. Spades. J 7 6; hearts. 10 5 32; diamonds. K 10 4; clubs, Q 8 7, West should lead the spade 6. It is the least dangerous play. 6. Spades, 7 3; hearts, J 8 6 5; diamonds, K 4 32; clubs, K 9 7. West should lead the spade 7. It is undesirable to lead from the suits headed by the King. For want of a better lead, west should choose the worthless rioubleton. (CoovrtKht bv the Readv Reference Publishing Company!

August 22 1777—Benedict Arnold went to the aid of Ft. Schuyler and the British were routed. 1361—Confederate provisional con- ' gress closed its third session. 1865—Mississippi declared the ordinance of secession void.

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DAILY HEALTH SERVICE Vocal Tone Often Is Monotonous

This Date in U. S. History

The Real Mystery

in order to hide the bad teeth from which the English suffer frequently. The intensity of the voice must be modulated according to the distance of the speaker from the

Times Readers Voice Views

The name and address of the author must accompany every constrfbutton. but on request will not oe published. Letters not exceeding 200 words will receive preference. Times Editor—Personally I would not want to live to see our country get back to saloons, commonly called doggeries and morning glories and beer gardens. No doubt they would cause a good deal of dissatisfaction. Should it have to come back to restore peace and for a revenue equal to our taxes it should be handled direct from the Federal Government. The Government should retain the revenue, but not to create political jobs, as political employes are the worst foe to civil government. A good many people enjoy a trip to Canada now and then, to enjoy the wisdom of their prosperity. Should Canada create a fund at 5 per cent of their taxation so that immigrants may buy a home fee simple, tax free, which is the condition in which America should be, and the past eight years would have placed us in this tax free condition if the Republican party were in terested in civil government instead of sending out posses shooting down men and children. If we can elect Mr. A1 Smith he has enough brains and intelligence to run this country with the higher order o t mankind, the mest deadly foe to the devil’s doctrine. The keynote to the unrest and dissatisfaction Is the practice of making political jobs of government affairs. FRANK WALTON. R. R. 2, Box 42, Campbellsburg, Ind.

Times Editor—ln your “Keeping Up With The News” column of Aug. 17, views of several prominent citizens on the religious aspects of the present presidential campaign was quoted, in particular that of John S. Bryan, editor of the Chicago Journal and Richmond News-Leader. He says in part that the Catholic Church "eats out of the Government’s hand" in France and Italy. Also “with 60.000,000 people in this country who belong to no church at all, what can 18,000,000 Catholics do?” Personally, I am a little too far from the picture to correct Mr. Bryan on conditions in France and Iljaly, but at that it might be illuminating to know what the church “eats” and if only out of the “hand”. As to the problem in proportion. Did Mr. Bryan ever know of a highly organized minority controlling an unorganized majority? In itself the newspaper of today is a highly organized minority in public influence, at work always in moulding the opinion of a majority out of all proportion to its numerical value. Mr Bryan should be one of the first to recognize this, and the absurdity of his statements. Being one of the 60,000,000. I hold no brief for Catholic or Protestant, but I do believe that until all of our present day "bogey-man” religions are replaced by something ' etter it would be well to always favor the more liberal of the present day faiths. “ONE OF THE 60,000.000." Editor Times—l regret that Peter E. Grimes in speaking of the great meteor of 1877 did not mention the month of its appearance. I think it is the same one that I saw, because the time of the night and its path across the sky coincide. It was in November or early December. I was returning from a spelling bee between 9 and 10 p. m. I heard a swish, as of burning hair and immediately saw it, already in fragments, moving at a terriffle speed to the eastward, at about the same level as the pole star. It was in Scott County in latitude 38 degrees, 40 minutes, so its elevation was near 52 degrees. If I had know how far to the northward was its path, I could have readily estimated its height, which would have been one and one-third miles for every mile to the north. I read an article in the Toledo Blade or New York .Tribune (both weeklies) a few months later, that

persons who are to hear him. The first step necessary is for the speaker to learn to listen to his own voice so that he may criticise it satisfactorily.

the fragments reached the earth in the Chautauqua Lake region in New York State, but I do not recall if any of them were retrieved. The extreme cold of inter-stellar space is such that very little heat is necessary to cause these visitors to fly into fragments so soon as they touch the atmosphere, and did we not possess an atmospheric blanket around our earth our first knowledge of their visitation would be when they bumped into the ground and many casualties would be the result. As it is, a meteor must be of tremendous size to reach the surface of the earth as a solid body. Some weighing many tons have reached the earth, but few -"ere actually seen to fall—always discovered later. A big one landed in Arizona some hundreds or thousands of years ago and within the last three or four years one, probably a mile or more in diameter, struck the ground in Siberia. All forest trees for thirty miles in all directions were thrown to the ground outward from the central point of contact. The largest city on earth today would have been wiped from the face of the globe, had it been about the landing area )f this huge visitor. No place is safe Irom destruction by a huge meteor. E. P. McCASLIN, 5901 Dewey Ave.

Questions and Answers

You can get an answer to any answerable Question of fact or Information by writing to Frederick M. Kerby Question Editor The Indianapolis Times' Washington Bureau. 1322 New York Ave.. Washington D. C. enclosing 2 cents in stamps for reply. Medical and legal advice cannot be given, nor can extended research be made. All other questions will receive a personal reply. Unsigned requests cannot be answered All letters are confidential You are cordinallv Invited to make use of this free service as often as vou please EDITOR. Why do light bodies fall more slowly than heavy bodies? Ordinary observation teaches that light bodies like feathers fall slowly and heavy bodies like stone fall rapidly, and up to Galileo’s time it was taught in the schools that bodies fall with "velocities proportional to their weight." Not content with book knowledge, however, Galileo tried it himself. In the presence of the professors and students of the University of Pisa he dropped balls of different sizes and material from the top of the tower of Pisa, 180 feet high, and found that they fell in practically the same time. He showed that even very light bodies like paper fell with velocities which approach more and more nearly those of heavy bodies the more compactly they were wedded together. From this he deduced that only the resistance of the air causes some bodies to fall less rapidly than others. In a vacuum all bodies fall at the same velocity. Are foreign laborers permitted to contract for their services in the the United States before emigrating? A section of the immigration act provides: “The following classes of aliens shall be excluded from admission into the United States: Persons hereinafter called contract laborers, who have been induced, assisted, encouraged, or solicited to migrate to .his country by offers or promises of employment, whether such offers or promises are true or false, or in consequence of agreements, oral, written, or printed, express or Implied, to perform labor in this country of any kind, skilled or unskilled; persons who have come in consequence of advertisements for laborers printed, published or distributed in a foreign country.” Is French the official language in the legislature of Quebec, Canada, and in the Dominion Parlaiment? French and English are official languages in both the Dominion Parliament and the Quebec legislature. In the latter, French is commonly used to the exclusion of English, but in the Dominion Par-

AUG. 22, 1928

Church Opens New Era for ( Dry Debates

BY N. D. COCHRAN THE report of the Church Temperance Society ot the Episcopal Church may well be the beginning of anew and saner period of discussion as to the success or failure of prohibition. When preachers by the hundreds from every part of the country say that prohibition is a failure the Anti-Saloon League lobbyists can’t sneer it off with the charge that these preachers are in ;he pay of the brewers and distillers. The tactics of the league lobDy under the leadership of the late Wayne B. Wheeler meant coarse abuse of any one who criticised either the Eighteenth Amendment or the Volstead act. The commonest charge was that such a person was owned and controlled by the booze interests. Such a reign of terror existed that temperance couldn't be discussed. You were either a fanatical prohibitionist and patriot with the AntiSaloon ring in your nose or you were a booze-hound, tool of the liquor interests, nullificationist and 100 per cent scoundrel. Now there will be a chance for discussion. One reason is that hundreds of Christian ministers say prohibition is a failure and that both the VoiStead act and the Eighteenth Amendment ought to be repealed in the interest of temperance. If that many lawyers, doctors or business men said the same thing it wouldn't be so convincing. But when preachers say it, that’s different. n B B THERE is a certain magic ir\ having that Rev. in front of your name. If we could dig into the past for the beginning of human, fear of preachers, we probably would find that It started when the savage tribes feared the medicine men because they thought those interesting functionaries had power to cast evil spells over them. Anyhow many people are still afraid of preachers. Among the fanatics who think they are serving the Lord in following the Methodist and Baptist preachers who run the political Anti-Saloon League, no attention would be paid to Catholic priests if they argued against prohibition, but the.se Episcopal preachers are not only Christians, but they are Protestants. So their stand against the amendment and the Volstead Ace can’t be blamed on the Pope of Rome. For these reasons the contribution of the Church Temperance Society of the Episcopal Church is of especial significance and value. It ought to take prohibition out of the realm of politics and get It where sane advocates and opponents may discuss the problem on its merits—and free from the sinister, demogogic and unscrupulous control of the cunning political lobbyists of the Anti-Saloon Leage who in the name of righteousness have literally raised hell with American sanity and substituted the gospel of hate for the Christian gospel of love.

Daily Thoughts

Above all these things put on charity, which is the bond of perfectness.—Colosslans 3:14. B B B IN charity there is no excess, neither can angel or man come In danger by it.—Bacon. In referring to an interchangeable part of machinery, could you say, “This cam is mutual,” or ‘“This cam is reciprocal? “This cam is mutual” is correct.

liament even the French Canadians generally prefer to speak English. What is the total value of the foreign trade of the United States? Including exports and imports it was $9,239,000,000 % in 1926. For whom does the Silvertown Cord Orchestra broadcast, dnd who is the Silver Masked Tenor? The ochestra is sponsored by B, F. Goodrich Compahy, Akron, Ohio. The identity of the Silver Masked Tenor has remained a secret since his first appearance over two years ago. Is there a summer training school for the navy similar to the Citizens Military Training Schools of the army? No. Is the bite of the black snake harmful? Black snakes are harmless to man, and even when teased until they bite, they can inflict only a scratch. Does an American woman who married a Russian, Jan. 28, 1923 t retain her American citizenship? Yes. Where was Estelle Taylor born? Was she married before her present marriage to Jack Dempsey? Estelle Taylor was bom at Wilmington, Del., in 1900. She is five feet four and a half inches tall, weighs 129 pounds and has dark brown hair and brown eyes. She married Kenneth M. Peacock and divorced him. What was spoken of in the Old Testament? Manna is compared to coriander seed in Exodus 16:31 and Numbers 11:7. The latter are ovate-globular, straw-colored, twice as large as hemp seed and striate. They have a warm aromatic taste and stomachic, carmianative properties. They are used in a number of diseases. The Arabic name is “kuzbarah.” How can I get a copy of raj father’s naturalization papers? From the clerk of the court which granted your father his final papers. On what day in June does summer usually begin? June 21. What Is a "frump?” A sour old maid or a prim old lady. In Great Britain a “frump’’ is a slattern.