Indianapolis Times, Volume 40, Number 73, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 August 1928 — Page 4

PAGE 4

The Indianapolis Times (A bCHU'I'S-HOWAKI) NEWSPAPER) Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 W. Maryland Street, ludlanapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cents —10 cents a week; elsewhere, 8 cents—l 2 cents a week. BOTH GURLEY, ROY W. HOWARD, FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE —RILEY 6551. WEDNESDAY. AUG. 15. 1928. Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

StmePJ-HOtVAAD

Nullification In 1928 Hoover’s employment in his acceptance speech of the word nullification arouses interest in the historic significance of that term. It first sprang into being in the days of Jackson and Calhoun over an issue that still is with us—the tariff. South Carolina threatened to ignore the tariff provision of that day and went so far as to move toward withdrawal from the YJnion. Jackson countered with a promise of force. The crisis finally passed with a coir.promise. Since that time the term has been used with more or less frequency as the issue of State’s rights has arisen. Now it appears again in 1928 and is applied to the prohibition question. The dictionary defines nullification as "a rendering void and of no effect.” Asa matter of fact, nullification is by no means absent from our legal scheme of things today. And strong forces are abroad with efforts to foster it. Even the law itself is employed to bring about nullification of the Constitution. The grandfather clauses of the South that excluded from voting any Negro whose grandfather could not read or write nullified the Fifteenth Amendment, which provides that there shall be no discrimination against the voters because of race, color or prev.ous condition of servitude. That finally was declared unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court. Other laws accomplished the same exclusion of Negro franchise—educational tests, and this and that. In most Southern States, despite the Fifteenth Amendment, the Negroes do not actually vote and, since many of the Southern political leaders are the loudest in their demands for preservation of the Eighteenth Amendment, there always is an embarrassing pause when a Northern wet raises the point teat what is fair for the goose is fair for the gander. Aad m still other directions nullification occurred. 'l'he J’ourth Amendment of the Constitution provides against unwarranted search and seizure. Yet the fanatical drys in the same breath with which they cry for sustaining the Constitution as it applies to the Eighteenth Amendment, uphold the raiding of homes for liquor without search warrant. The Seventh Amendment of the Constitution provides for trial by jury, and yet in the judicial system itself we see courts, whose duty it is to support the Constitution, employing contempt proceedings and the injunction to circumvent the constitutional guarantee, A man sentenced to jail for contempt gets no jury trial. And that is nullification. The First Amendment of the Constitution guarantees freedom of speech and of the press. Yet we find those arrests having to do with cases involving freedom of speech and of the press. A conspicuous example is the Roger Baldwin case recently decided in New Jersey. Nullification was effected for many months in the prosecution of Roger Baldwin. In the main, the more fanatic a person is, the more he declares simon-pure, 100 per cent adherence to the particular law he is fanatical about, the more of a nullificationist he is toward other laws that interfere with a short-cut enforcement of his own pet statute. It therefore is high time that the term nullification gets back into common usage and consideration. We agree with Hoover against a treatment of the prohibition subject in a way that would mean nullification. And we desire at the same time to go further and to say that should Hoover be elected President of the United States it will be as plainly his duty to stand against all forms of nullification with the same firmness that he promises against nullification of the Eighteenth Amendment. Stalling Along The War Department still is stalling along in its disposition of the request of Muscle Shoals City, Ala., that Federal power generated at the Government dam adjacent to that community be sold to the municipality at twice what the Alabama Power Company pays for the same power. More than a year ago, the original application was filed and after many months of delay the department decided that the application was “too general.” Another “more specific” one has been submitted and Secretary of War Davis notifies an Alabama Congressman that it is being turned over to the district engineer for analysis and report. If the War Department wanted to play the Alabama Power Company’s own game, it couldn’t do it any better than by using such dilatory methods in dealing with an application of such importance. Not only is the right of Muscle Shoals City to buy power involved, but the right of every other American community. The Federal water power act gives municipalities priority over private concerns in development of Government power sites. If the Alabama Power Company is permitted to purchase Muscle Shoals power, then any community in that territory is even more entitled to the same privilege. Auto Theft: Petty Larceny Just how common are automobiles, anyway? Well, in New York the other day a man stole one. He was arrested and brought to court—on a charge of petty larceny! The car, a 1921 model, was not 'worth more than $25; consequently its theft could not be counted as a felony. This is rather startling, when you stop to think about it. An automobile’s chief function is to take people from one place to another; and the car the New Yorker stole would do that, for all its wheezing and rattling. It undoubtedly can travel several thousand miles yet. Thirty years ago that car, in its present condition, would have cost thousands of dollars. Today it is small change—ready for the junk heap, despite the fact that it can still render good service. Better than anything else, that little incident illustrates the amazing cheapness and commonness of the automobile. We’re still hoping hat A1 Smith or one of the vice presidential candidates will tell us which party is responsible for the wonderful green grass that grows all around. The British propose a iarger golf ball to make the game harder. But the duffer who plays the rough will wonder just how a larger ball will make it any harder for him.

Hoover’s Humility A certain degree of humility goes along with tolerance. Both are traits of real greatness, .s braggadocio and the know-it-all attitude are the attributes of only small minds. We have emphasized tolerance as the outstanding characteristic of Hoover’s acceptance speech, with especial reference to his expression on the prohibition issue. The accompanying humility of the man is expressed in a fine way in the following paragraph from his address: “No man who stands before the mighty forces which ramify American life has the right to promise solutions at his hand alone. All that an honest man can say is that within the extent of his abilities and his authority and in cooperation with the Congress and with leaders of every element in our people, these problems shall be met courageously and solution will be attempted courageously.” • “Dementia Americana” There are, in this great land, various ways of attaining fame, or a kind of fame; but few men ever left a fame gained in a stranger manner than did Delphin M. Delmas, San Francisco lawyer who died the other day. Rack your brain for a minute, unless you happen to belong to the younger generation, and you’ll recall the name. Sure—he was the lawyer who defended Harry Tha.w when Thaw was tried for the murder of Stanford White. It was he who invented the phrase “Dementia Americana” for Thaw’s mental condition. That, when you stop to think of it, is a peculiar sort of fame; the fame that comes to a man who defended America’s most notorious murderer and found anew way to cheat the electric chair. Strikes and the Y. W. C. A. It is a little bit hard to understand the viewpoint of the officials of the New Bedford (Mass.) Y. W. C. A., who expelled from the association two young women who had acted as pickets in the New Bedford textile strike and had been arrested for their pains. There are various views as to the rights and wrongs of the strike, of course; and your ideas about picketing and being arrested will depend on how you look at the strike. Yet it is difficult to see how these two girls deserved expulsion from the Y. W. C. A. Can it be possible that someone in the organization was giving a thought to possible future contributions from some mill owner? f . The Cannibal Mosquitoes Mrs. Charles B. Williams, who lives in Flushing, L. 1., is going to try to rid her neighborhood of mosquitoes by anew method. She is getting, from a French scientist a breed oi cannibal mosquitoes, which eat other mosquitoes instead of going around biting human beings. There’s an idea that we really like. To obliterate mosquitoes is a praiseworthy ’ idea undpr any circumstances; but to do it by turning more mosquitoes loose on them, so that the little pests will have to endure the very thing which they have been inflicting on the rest of us—well, it’s just simply dandy, that’s all. More power to the cannibal mosquitoes. May they eat their fill. Enforce the Food Laws Dr. Harvey Wiley, famous pure food expert, charges that the recent prevalence of food poisoning in various parts of the country is due in large measure to th fact that the pure food laws are not being enforced. Executive orders, Dr. Wiley charges, have crippled enforcement officers from obtaining strict observance of the Federal laws. It is hard to tell, at this momerft, how far Dr. Wiley's charges may be justified. But the matter should be looked into, at any rate. The pure food laws were put on the statute books only after a very long and very hard fight. It would be an outrage if they were beihg allowed to lapse now.

—— David Dietz on Science —. , Stars and Superstitions No. 129

ANATOMY and astronomy both begin with the letter “A.” The average person might well be under the impression that the similarity stopped there. It may come as a surprise, therefore, to hear that the two had a common origin. And that origin was in the magical practices of the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians. Anatomy had its beginnings as a form of divination. The Assyrians thought that the future could

Greek word meaning “liver.” “Scopy” is from the Greek word meanting “to look at.” Astronomy had its beginnings in a form of divination concerning the stars and planets. Astronomy began as astrology. The ancient Assyrians believed—and sad .to say there are still people who believe the same thing—that the future could be read in the stars. The Assyrian priests studied the heavens in order that they might predict the future. * But just as the foolish practice of hepatoscopy led to the establishment of the science of anatomy, so the equally foolish practice of astrology laid the foundation of astronomy. The Assyrian priests made many important discoveries. They learned the apparent motions of the planets, the sun and the moon. They worked out the cycles in which eclipses occur and as a result were able to predict eclipses. From Babylonia, astrological practices passed on to Greece and from there to Rome. But, meanwhile, the Greeks had laid a firm foundation of astronomy as a science. Throughout the Middle Ages we find the science of astronomy pursued by the superstition of astrology. Tcday, astrology is not taken seriously by educated people. • But let us not be too unkind to the astrologers of the past. They did the world a service by making astronomy possible.

M. E. TRACY SAYS: “War Is Passiin From a Mechanical to a Chemical Art, Just as It Once Passed From a Physical to a Mechanical Art."

■TiTYLE runs to money. But for that simple fact, we would not buve so much of It. The czar however, views himself as an artist. Not that he is above accepting money In recognition of his merit, but that he likes to have other people believe that money is only an incident. Just now, the style czars of Paris want longer skirts. It is for art’s sake, you understand. The skirts have grown so short already that they could not possibly be shortened more, to let Jean Patou tell it, and his soul sighs for an extension. Sordid souls will suspect that the ledger has something to do with the style czar’s change of heart, but that is too vulgar for comment. When 200,000,000 civilized women shortened their skirts a foot or two, abandoned petticoats and did other things for the sake of style, it also decreased by half the use of cotton and silk. Whether modem dress means anything by way of morality, it means a lot by way of trade. It offers part of the explanation as to why New England mills are in such bad shape. Southern competition offers another part. nan Women Safe, but Idle Forty years ago there was hardly a spindle in the South. Today more than half the spindles in this country are there. Humane laws in New England and lack of them in Georgia and the Carolinas have had much to do with this amazing change. Massachusetts is much more jealous in safeguarding its women and children against mistreatment, but a lot of them are out of work. Georgia and the Carolinas are backward, if not barbarous in their negligence of women and children, but work is more plentiful. Figure out the rest of it for yourself. nan Follow Style Czars Cotton mills are springing up in Bombay, Oasaka, Hong Kong and other Oriental cities, where fifty cent labor can be hired to run good English and American looms. That may have even a more pronounced effect on our textile trade than the movement of our cotton mills from New England to the South. When we have repealed the tariff so that Indian, Chinese and Japanese cloth can be imported free of duty in order that our people may take advantage of the open market, we shall probably draw about the same kind of a hand that the Parisian style czars did when they boosted the short skirt. Impatient idealism and impetuous art are much alive. Both need a bookkeeper to keep them from going bankrupt. nan Scrap Useless Weapons We are eliminating war about as effectively as Massachusetts saved her textile mills through humanitarian statutes and as Parisian dressmakers made money on abbreviated skirts. While philosophers speculate and statesmen write treaties, the chemist makes poison gas and the inventor perfects a multitude of devilish devices. We can well afford to scrap our battleships and big guns for exactly the same reason that France and England could afford to scrap their spears and chain mail 500 years ago. They would not play much of a part in the next war, even if we' kept them. War is passing from a mechanical to a chemical art, just as it once passed from a physical to a mechanical art. Explosives are giving way to poisons, and the next breed of cannon will run to squirt guns. Our hope consists in the fact that war is determined by a state of mind, rather than weapons. If that can be changed, we have a right to expect better times. If not, it makes little difference how we do the killing. n n n Fighting Crime Costly If we taught our children more about the cost of war and less about the glory, it might help. So, too, it might help with regard to some other things. While sentencing ten liquor law violators Monday, Federal Judge Atwell said, 'according to the New York World: “It costs the Government $20,000,000 a year for a navy to protect us from enemies abroad, but it costs more than $13,000,000 yearly in the administration of criminal laws by the Nation, staves and municipalities to defend ourselves. “It creates an economic question in that it affects business and it affects the pocketbook of the humblest citizen through the huge amount of taxes required.” Who was Edward Teach? He was a Welsh pirate also known as Thach or Thatch. He Vvas supposed to have gone out to the West Indies as a privateer during the war of the Spanish Succession and to have turned pirate in 1713 when the privateers refused to recognize the peace. He established himself in the Bahamas in 1716 and for a time ruled Nassau until dislodged by the English fleet. With four ships he went to the coast of Georgia and South Carolina making captures even at the entrance to Charleston harbor. The Governor of South Carolina sent two expeditions against him and two of his ships were destroyed and the crews executed. Thach then retired to Pamlico Sound, where, having resumed his piracies, the Governor of Virginia in 1718 sent Lieutenant Maynard to capture him. In the ensuing fight he was killed, together with most of his men. What two countries constitute the best market for American motion pictures? Great Britain and Australia.

be told by inspecting the condition of the vital organs of sacrificial animals. They put their faith considerably in the condition of the liver and for this reason their practice is sometimes called hepatoscopy. That is a word made of two Greek words. “Hepato” comes from the

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

BV DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia, the Health Magazine. IN . a recent lecture before the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Sir Humphrey Rolleston of the University of Cambridge, England, outlined current views regarding heredity in diseases of the blood. One of the most peculiar of these diseases is hemophilia. It is the disease which is said to have afflicted the family of the Czar of Russia, and which is also repotted to be in the family of the King of Spain.

The people who have this disease are called “bleeders.” When they are wounded in any manner, the blood does not coagulate and they bleed for a long time.

This disease is transmitted to the sons of the family by the mothers, who themselves do not suffer from the disease. It is the only condition of this type of heredity that is konwn. Color blindness and a certain form of degeneration of the eye are likewise transmitted by unaffected females to males, but cases have been reported in which the women have suffered with the disease. Another blood condition has been described in which the red blood cells are elliptical or sickle shaped.

The condition is sometimes called sickle cell anemia. Many authorities who have studied the conditions have suggested that there is an hereditary factor involved. Thus far most of them have oc-

(Abbreviations: A— ac*; K—kin*; Q—queen: J—Jack: X—an* card lower than 10.) WHEN your partner has declared a suit and opponents have obtained the contract at no trump you should as a rule open the lead by playing your partner’s declared suit. As a general guide, your opening lead against a no trump declaration should be as follow’s: I—Holding any four or more cards in partner’s suit .lead fourth from top. 2—Holding any two cards in partner’s suit, lead the higher one. 3—Holding any three cards without an honor in partner’s suit, lead the highest. 4 —Holding any three cards with an honor as good as J X X in partner’s suit, lead the lowest. These leads conform in orthodox play and by following this convention you will avoid misleading your partner and at the same time assist him in establishing his longest and strongest suit. If, however, you hold a solid suit or only a singleton in the suit named by your partner, it may be more advisable to lead from your strongest suit for it may be more readily established. (Copyright 1928. bv the Ready Reference Publishing Company)

Aug. 15 1824—Lafayette revisited America. 1863—New York City voted $3,000,000 to buy substitutes for conscripts. 1870—Railroad completed from Kansas City to Denver. 1911— President Taft vetoed bill to admit New Mexico and Arizona to the Union, because their proposed constitutions provided for the recall of judges. 1912 New York Supreme Court allowed trustees of Sailors’ Snug Harbor to sell real estate purchased in 1790 for SIO,OOO for $25,000,000.

It is appointed unto men once to die.—Hebrews 9:27. nan IF I must die I will encounter darkness as a bride, and hug it in mine arms.—Shakespeare.

Speaking of Dance Marathons

®wy i \ X'' ' < \ DANCING -IKE. / . c-■ ■ 1 • | V. -ffllSH! ~J - • v.H- \

Hereditary Disease Apt to Be Difficult

Bridge Play Made Easy BY W. W. WENTWORTH *

This Date in U. S. History

Daily Thoughts

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

curred in Negroes, although one case has seen described in an Arab and another in a Cuban. The question of heredity in the cause of any disease is always a difficult one for the physician.

With Other Editors

Kokomo Tribuno How is the so-called "foreign vote” of the United States going to go in the coming presidential election? There are approximately 7,000,000 natihrallzed voters in the country. If they all went one way they might easily have a decisive influence on the election. What’s going to happeh. The answer, apparently, is that their vote will be regardless of their nationalities, just like the vote of native-born citizens. The Foreign Language Information Service recently reviewed editorial comment in several hundred for-eign-language newspapers printed In this country. It could find no one group that was anything like unanimous for either candidate; and it concludes that “there is not only a lack of unity of opinion among the various racial groups, but each group seems to be split within itself. Grtensburgh Dally News In his speech of acceptance Saturday evening, Herbert Hoover displayed unusual ability and knowledge of affairs of government that establishes confidence in him by all classes of people and those in all lines of activity. He clearly demonstrates that he understands that, if elected President, proper conditions can not prevail unless prosperity and success come to all the people alike or as near so as within the power of the Government. Mr. Hoover’s position on the agricultural question brought forth a quick and unqualified approval by a number of the leading agriculturalists of the county who say that his statement on that question is all that is possible. On the liquor question Mr. Hoover’s stand goes unchallenged and he stands for law enforcement and the keeping of the Eighteenth amendment inviolate. He is much stronger with the people since he has spoken. His utterances have shown him to be big enough for the job and one in whom the whole people can rest their case—one who can conduct the affairs of government with dignity and success and best guarantee our peace and prosperity. South Bend News-Times We would wish that Alfred E. Smith had chosen someone other than the Rev. Dr. John Roach Straton as his antagonist in that forthcoming debate which is to determine the question; “Resolved—That Governor Smith is the most vicious leader in American politics today.” Mr. Straton, for all the forcefulneb’s of his adjectives, appeals only to one class of citizen, and a class, moreover, that is fortunately not the most numerous. Mr. Smith Is picking out the weakest of his opponents, for in the strength of fanaticism lies its very weakness. There is no arguing with a man like Straton, who, “convinced against his will, is of the same opinion still.” The philosophy of the Straton stand on public questions is exemplified in the action of one of his trustees who, protesting against holding 1 the debate In Straton’s church, says he feels certain "that the trustees will not permit the church to be used In this iashion.” This trustee was perfectly willing, you see, to permit his pastor to deliver the most scathing and slanderous attack upon a man in public life (presumably as a Christian duty) and yet he is not willing to permit the church to be used as a place to answer the attack. It is not desecration of the purposes of a church to launch political movements therein, provided the movements have the approval and stnctlon 'Of the trustees. But if a man seek to reply, to defend himself and his charac-

Since the changes obviously involve the body structure, correction or cure is far more difficult than in the infectious diseases which are acquired.

ter and his life, then that is desecration! Now how on earth could such a man, for example, be persuaded, even by the happy warrior, that he was a deecnt citizen, had made a capable and competent Governor, and was a qualified candidate for the presidency of the United States? Manifestly, the task would be impossible. We are afraid the debators will argue a question that will forever remain moot. How is one to determine whether a man is or is not a vicious leader in politics or in anything else? Whether he is so depends entirely upon the point of view of the observer. From one standpoint—the standpoint of F. Scott Mcßride, of E. S. Shumaker, of J. R. Straton—it is a vicious thing to suggest a change in the Constitution which would repeal the Eighteenth amendment. It is vicious even to hint at such a change. It is treasonable to think of such a change. From another standpoint, as expressed by Mr. Hoover, it is not only not treasonable, not unAmerican to desire’or work for an amendment or a repeal, but those who favor such action “shall not be subject to criticism for It.” Thus, though Mr. Smith prove, over and over again, to his friends, that he is not vicious, he will never prove the case satisfactorily to Dr. Straton. The debate, of course, will be interesting. It will arouse keen speculation and some emotion. It will be one of the spectacular features of the campaign, even though it may not affect the final vote by one single ballot.

Questions and Answers

You can get an answer to any answerable question of fact or information by writing to Frederick M. Kerby. Question Editor. The Indianapolis Times' Washington Bureau. 1322 New York Ave„ Washington. D. C.. enclosing 2 cents li stamps for reply. Medical and legal advice cannot be given, nor can extended research be made. All other questions will receive a personal reply. Unsigned requests cannot bo answered. All letters are confidential. You are cordinally invited to make use of this free service as often as vou please. EDITOR. How old is Alla Nazimova? She was born June 4, 1879. At what temperature will diamonds melt? Diamonds will not melt but they will burn at very high temperatures. What does the abbreviation Dr. stand for besides doctor? It also stands for “debtor.” In what years did Waite Hoyt pitch for the Boston Red Sox? In 1919 and 1920. In what year was Brooklyn bridge completed? In 1883. What Is the meaning and origin of the family name Phillips? It is English in origin and means, son of Philip. What is the salary of Andrew Mellon, Secretary of the Treasury? Fifteen thousand dollars a year. What are asteroids? A numerous group of very small planets which, with one exception, travel in orbits lying between those of Mars and Jupiter. How old Is Lita Grey, the motlop picture actress? She was born April 15, 1908. WTiere can I get a list of all doctors and hospitals in the United States? The American Medical Association Directory, published at 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, contains a list of all accredited physicians, hospitals and charitable institutions In the United States.

AUG. 15, 1928

KEEPING UP With THE NEWS

By LUDWELL DENNY J TNIVERSITY, Va., Aug. 15.—You really cannot imagine how complicated this farm relief problem is until you get a lot of experts together and hear them argue about both causes and cures. That is what is happening here at the University of Virginia Institute on Public Affairs, where agricultural specialists are so thick they fall over each other. One has heard so much about farm relief as a political football and the sincerity and ability of politicians is in such bad odor, it had been generally supposed that if we could take the problem out of politics the scientists could find the solution. This in effect is what A1 Smith has promised to do if elected President, and is also what Hoover in a different way has in mind. Put Hoover and Smith and the country are in for a jolt if they expect the expert commissions and agricultural economists to agree. At least that is the conclusion after listening to the arguments here of such noted specialists as Dr. John D. Black of Harvard, Dr. Oscar C. Stine and Dr. William J. Spillman of the United States Department of Agriculture, and Dr. James A. Dickey of Arkansas University, to name only a few. To add to the merriment of battle we also have here plenty of bankers, business men and farm politicians who profess to know what's what—differently. nan FOR instance, take the WoollenDickinson debate. Evans Woollen is the Indianapolis banker who ran against Smith for the Democratic presidential nomination, and is chairman of the economic policy commission of the American Bankers’ Association. Dickinson of lowa is a farm leader in Congress. Dickinson, former Lowden supporter, lias now accepted Hoover enthusiastically, said that Smith could not win the middle west farm States in the election even by supporting the demanded equalization fee which Hoover opposes, i The farmer is “compelled to buy {in a protected (American) market and sell in a world market,” says | Dickinson. “He is compelled to sell ; in a general market but compelled to buy in a highly centralized market.” The cure, according to this Congressman, -is high protective tariff on farm products proposed by Hoover, and the so-called equalization fee opposed by Hoover. He continues. “Our Government must assume responsibility of enacting legislation giving, as is now given to industry, similar tariff • protection to food products. The equalization fee would provide against loss on the sale of crop surpluses by collecting from the unit of the commodity a market fund to guard against sale of such commodity at a lower price. This would channelize the commodity under one control and give bargaining power.” nun , NO,” says Woollen. “Not much help for agriculture, as now conducted or under any practicable readjustment can be expected from tariffs on agricultural commodities, three-quarters in value of our output, because of surpluses, being beyond the reach of tariff influence and the influence not being very effective as to the remaining quarter." * Woollen objects to the McNaryHaugen equalization fee as too cumbersome and, as Coolidge holds, ‘of doubtful constitutionality.” There are three ma.or causes of farm distress, Woollen ihinks. 1. Transportation rates favor industrial centers against farm areas. 2. “Taxation has borne unduly on the farmer.’* 3. “The protective tariff has borna unduly on the farmer.” As for cures, Woollen points out, “There remains the proposal to increase agricultural income not by raising the prices of the things the farmer sells, but by lowering the prices of the things the farmer buys and by expanding markets abroad for his products. That means tariff revision on non-agricuitural commodities.” This, however, is a campaign year in which the Democratic party has thrown over its low tariff policy and is frankly appealing to big business and high protectionists. Woollen said he did not have time to discuss lower tariff on manufactured goods as a farm solutoin. Dr. Black of Harvard and most other economists here join with Woollen in refuting the Hoover idea that high tariff on farm products is a solution. But Black emphasizes that “no important country of the world has gone to the extreme that we have in stimulating industry at the expense of agriculture by means of protective duties.” Furthermore, “agriculture can take advantage only to a limited extent of the powers and immunities of a corporate type of industrial organization.” nan IN another debate today, Dr. Stine argued: “The present rate of urbanization of the Nation is leaving the rural districts with an inferior population. Those with most ability and most initiative are leaving the farm for the city. No nation has yet existed long enough on a largely urban basis to demonstrate that a strong civilization is possible on that basis.” But Dr. Dickey disputed this: “There is good evidence that the urbanization process is not weakening the rural population; that the group which moves to the city is more largely made up of those who cannot succeed on the farm than it is of the superior elements.” What is the county seat of Van Buren County, Iowa? Keosauqua. What is a “silencer” on a rifle? A tubular device attached to the muzzle that renders the discharge'*' practically noiseless through an attachment having an interior spiral, which, while permitting the ejection of the bullet, retards the explosion J of the gases by causing them to rotate before escaping.