Indianapolis Times, Volume 40, Number 59, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 July 1928 — Page 4

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A Note of Candor Tlie people of the State should thank the managers of the Leslie campaign for introducing so early into its management, direction and spokesmanship the one man who most clearly stamps and classifies his candidacy. Protests on the part of friends of Mr. Hoover against the public appearance and speeches to women by Walter Bossert, former grand dragon of the Klan, the personal representative of Wizard Evans and the successor to the ill-starred Stephenson, are most illadvised. The best support that can be given to Mr. Hoover is the clear indication of the line of cleavage between his candidacy and that of the Indiana candidates, especially Senator Robinson and Harry Leslie. Any incident that thus so clearly shows that there can be no affiliation or relationship, in principles or political morals, between the Hoover candidacy and the Republican State seekers for office, is most distinctly a gain for Hoovfer. The greatest political misfortune for Mr. Hoover would be that he might be compelled to inherit the discredit of the local party. His greatest personal chagrin and humiliation should come from the fact that his oivn popularity, integrity and grip upon public confidence might be used to let into office the unfit, the hateful, and the heirs to bigotry, under a specious plea for party loyalty. The eagerness and speed with which Bossert was shoved into the limelight dispels all doubts. The people now know the source of the Leslie strength. They understand, or should understand, that it is the same old crowd again striving to get back into power. The people have not quite forgotten the revelations at the trial of Governor Jackson on a charge of attempting to bribe former Governor McCray. They remember, with some disgust, that Jackson remains as Governor and at liberty only through an appeal to the statute of limitations.. And they have not forgotten that the first SIO,OOO which was to be used to purchase the prosecutor’s office for the use of Boss Coffin was to be furnished by the Klan politicians who had succeeded Stephenson, The primary campiagn indicated that Bossert is the legitimate leader of the Leslie campaign. That leaves no one in doubt. The Republicans of this State calmly decided a few months ago that a cleanup was needed. And at the end of their convention they still saw the goblins and the dragons and the wizards of old in command. Bossert takes off the mask—and puts it on. There is no real reason why any supporter of Hoover, who believes that the State needs a new deal should hesitate to vote for Frank Dailey. Constitution Needs Some Study The Constitutional Educational Association points out that Sept. 17, next, will mark the 141st anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution of the United States. In connection with this glad event it urges “a real, genuine ‘Study the Constitution Week’.” There is a proposition which we’re glad to indorse. The Constitution of the United States is praised more and read less than any similar document in the world, probably. No stump speaker, no perspiring political spellbinder, no rotund convention headliner, would dream of finishing a speech without some reference to it. But this is mostly lip service. Among those wh would be pained, shocked and horrified if every provision of the grand old document were actually enforced to the hilt are many of those who are loudest in its praise. Some of the men who made the Constitution and framed its subsequent amendments may not have had a very deep and abiding trust in the ability of the average man to govern himself. The views of Alexander Hamilton, for instance, are fairly well known. But these men had an even deeper distrust of governing classes. No one can read the Constitution and its amendments without concluding that the framers were haunted by a fear that the country’s rulers might, now and again, try to make democracy a shadow. Read, if you doubt it, a few excerpts from the Constitution: "Congress shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of speech or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble.” "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause.” “No religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States.” Those declarations are fairly definite and clear. Yet, during the last decade, every one of them has been infringed upon, repeatedly, to the tune of hurrahs from certain defenders of law and order. There has been a tendency to regard the Constitution solely as an instrument set up to protect the status quo from sudden and unwise changes. It is, in reality, an instrument to protect the people from an excess of government. Let’s have a “study the Constitution week,” by all means. And, while we’re about it, let’s really study it —and see-if there aren’t places, here and there, where we have forgotten its letter or spirit or both. We have given it lip service long enough. Among the contributions to the Republican campaign fund the other day weer two 50-cent pieces. People are beginning to take their politics too seriously.

The Indianapolis Times (A SCKirPS-HOWAKD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 W. Maryland Street, ludianapo'is, ind: Price in Marion County, 2 cents —10 cents a week : elsewhere, 3 cents—l 2 centg a week. BOYD GURLEY, ROY W. HOWARD. PRANK G. MORRISON. Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE—RILEY NSBI. MONDAY. JULY 30, 1928. Member of United Press. Scrlpps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

Progress Comes; Color Goes

The word “color” is a word that is used very often and understood very little. It is applied to prize fighters, ball players, aviators and politicians, to historical periods, unusual professions and bygone customs. We say that such and such a man, or such and such a time was “colorful,” even though we are not always certain exactly what we mean by it. The recent race between two Ohio river packet boats is a case in point. These two steamers held a twenty-five mile race out of Cincinnati. The race was an unusual feature for the year 1928; but fifty years ago it was one of the regular features of river life. Rival steamship companies used to pit their best boats against one another on special runs, in which windows would be knocked out so that air could stream freely through the cabins, and safety-valves would be tied down for the sake of extra steam pressure—often with disastrous results. And we say that such races, such times, were “colorful,” and we lament that they are no more. We often hear that our inland rivers do not carry near as much traffic as they did in the old days. We are mistaken. The barge lines, Federal and private, do a huge amount of business. Tugboats hauling big barges loaded to the gunwales with freight are constantly on the move, all the way from Pittsburgh* to New Orleans. But the famous old packet boats are scarce. The levee at St. Louis used to be lined with them for blocks; now you can hardly find a half dozen there. It is the color that has gone; we carry our freight now more prosaically than we used to. There is a net loss, in one way. It has its advantages. of course; the goods that we ship get to their destination quicker than they used to, and with less waste and expense. But a string of black barges does not give the thrill that a hurrying white packet boat gave. Life is less exciting than it used to be. There isn’t any particular use crying over spilt milk. We can't bring the old days back. They are gone forever. Efficiency is our watchword nowadays; and you can’t have efficiency and romance together. The loss of color is one of the penalties we pay for progress. We miss the old canals with their shaded tow paths, the moss-grown old grist mills, the puffing river steamers, the snake rail fences around the old farms, the sailing ships, the stage coaches. Life has grown smoother and less colorful. We have to make the best of it. Now and then, when something like this Ohio river race reminds us of the old days, we can sigh for the vanished past. But that is all we can do. Chuchnovsky Welcome Chuchnovsky, the Russian aviator who performed so well in rescuing survivers of the Nobile fiasco in the Arctic, has accepted an invittaion to visit New York, according to press dispatches. Here is a pilot whom it will be a pleasure to meet. In his exploits in the northland he displayed heroism beyond that, of most men; even among the courageous race of airmen he stands out. * Os course, timid souls will probably fear that to shake the hand of a Bolshevik aviator will cause the foundations of the republic to tremble, and some nitwit or other undoubtedly will try to have his visit called off;, but it can be anticipated that America will give him a royal welcome. Bravery knows no international boundary lines. A headline in a Philadelphia newspaper says: "Lone Bandit Robs Woman of SI,OOO in Downtowq Hotel.” What! One man! • A Kentucky girl, powdering her nose, was shocked by lightning. If she is one of the modern flappers, the lightning made a unique record. Bolivia has banned bull fights as not being educational. Now that’s one good reason! J

-■ .. David Dietz on Science .. ■ How Orpheus Lost Life No. 115

THE tragedy of Orpheus is one of the legends connected, with the constellation of Lyra or the lyre. This constellation which is almost directly overhead at this time of the year is easily found because it contains the beautiful star, Vega, the fourth brightest star in the heavens. Orpheus, it will be recalled, failed to regain his wife, the beautiful Eurydice, from Hades. He journeyed to Hades and played so beautifully upon his lyre that Pluto, king of the underworld,

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music, hoped that he would fall in love with them. As time wore on, the hopes of these maidens turned to a bitter hate for Orpheus who refused to pay any attention to them. Finally, at the height of one of the festivals in honor of Bacchus, the god of wine, a jealous maiden cried, “See yonder our despiser,” and hurled a javelin at him. But the legend tells us that when the javelin came within the sound of his lyre, it fell harmless at his feet. Other women began to hurl stones at him, but these also fell harmless at his feet. Then they began to scream with rage. Their screaming drowned out the music of his lyre. When this happened, the stones began to strike Orpheus and soon they killed him. The infuriated women tore his body into pieces and threw them into the River Hebrus. They threw his marvelous lyre into the river also. The Muses, however, rescued his body from the river and gave it proper burial. And it was said that the nightingales sang more sweetly at the grave of Orpheus than anywhere else in all Greece. Mercury, messenger of the gods, had made the lyre, and Apollo, the sun-god, had given it to Orpheus. So now, Jupiter, king of the gods, rescued it iron* the river. He placed it in the sky, where now, according to the legend, it shines as the constellation of Lyra, a reminder for all time of the story of unhappy Orpheus and his beautiful Eurydice. When you gaze up at sparkling, twinkling Vega, think of the lovely Eurydice and of Orpheus ,who drew such sweet music from his lyre. a

M. E. TRACY SAYS: “The ‘Good Old Days * Made the Violence of Today Look Pale and Colorless in Comparison.”

BUSINESS goes on as usual, even though stocks have fallen a bit and we are in the midst of a political campaign. Most of us should be thankful that this is so. There is little bread and meat for the average run of people in stock speculation and there is less in politics. What makes work seldom makes good headlines. There are few thrills in a steady job, or in the enterprise that makes it steady. Being compelled to earn our bread and butter in ways that we know, we look for the news to acquaint us with ways we do not know. Politics, stock speculation, crime, adventure and trouble are welcome in the news, because most of us are unfamiliar with them, because they reveal experiences through which we never have passed and through some of which we would not care to pass. v News, especially when topped by four-inch headlines, is a rather poor reflection of those activities which make life comfortable and enjoyable. It would not be interesting news if it did. an a Essential to Progress It is a mistake, however, to get so fascinated with the parade of events in the news as not to be able to catalogue them in the right place, and as to forget that forces are at work back of the scenes, which though drab and uninteresting from a news standpoint, are essential, not only to the bread and butter side of life, but to the march of progress. Raskob's appointment as chairman of the Democratic National committee brings him more publicity in a week than he obtained in a year as chairman of the finance committee of General Motors, but his work in the latter capacity has helped to make millionaires of at least eighty individuals and to furnish steady employment for as many thousands. The gang warfare about which we are hearing so much, and which is said to yield a graft of $13,000,000 annually in Chicago and in other cities, represents merely the froth which criminals are able to skim from legitimate business. Legitimate business pays all the bills in this country, whether presented by thief, racketeer or dishonest official. Legitimate business not only pays all the bills, but goes far toward maintaining law and order. The courts and police would have a much harder time than they do were it not for the disciplinary influence of our corporate enterprises. The fact that we could not have reliable transportation, electric lights or on orderly distribution of food, clothing and other materials without systematic work is helping us to be decent. * st a Easier Task Faced Relatively speaking, this Government is faced with a far easier task in the maintenance of law and order than It was fifty or 100 years ago. Relatively speaking, its people are more amenable to system and more regular in their ways of life. Relatively speaking, we do not have the panics, upheavals and violent discontent we once did. Relatively speaking, the gang wars of this generation are pale and colorless beside those of the ’sos '6os and ’7os. Where will you find a tribe of cutthroats to compare with that assembled by La Fitte and Forrel? What has Chicago shown, even with a.ll its murders and machine gun battles, to compare with the river thieves who once infested the banks of the lower Mississippi? ' A1 “Scarface” Capone, even if guilty of everything with which he has been charged. Is but a poor imitator of old-time outlawry. Those'who think the good old days consisted of nothing but puritanism and Sunday school picnics should go to the record. Those, too, who think the improvement is entirely due to law-makers, policemen and politicians should use their wits. nun 'Goose-Step' Effective That economic structure which affords 40,000.000 Americans steady work has not been without its effect. The gigantic machine which moves with monotonous regularity the time clock which requires punching every morning, noon and night: the system which demands training and experience for each particular job, has accomplished wonders in teaching us how to behave ourselves Cynics say that we have discovered nothing but the “gocse-step,” and in one sense of ttfie word 'that ir. true, but if the “goose-step” has done nothing else it has shown us the foolishness of trodding on one another’s toes. After studying the United States for many years, Lord Brice said' “Such people can live without a constitution.” The chances are that wo could. The chances are that if our Constitution and laws were scrapped we could not only remake but improve them. This thing we call business, this commercialized, material age, this mechanical form of existence, this woof and warp of traffic rules, has taught us the necessity of orderliness and system. The reason that we suffer fron: so-called crime wives, that we find it difficult to enforce regulations, and that we appear to be afflicted with a growing disposition to be disorderly, is not dtfe to ’awlessness as some people suggest, but to the fact that our law and law-enforc-ing machinery have run to seed. The court, the police + orce and the political structure, for that matter, represent the one field in which we have not applied those ideas of system, efficiency and discipline that prevail in most other walks .of life.

granted his plea on the condition that 1 lead the way out and refrain from looking back at her. But just as he reached the gates cf Hades he turned around and so he lost her. From then on, Orpheus remained disconsolate, although many beautiful maidens, charmed by his

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

BY DB. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal ot thr American Medlral Association and of llyacla. the Health Magazine. IN his analysis of the every-day problems of the every-day child, Dr. Douglas A. Thom calls attention to one situation likely to develop in family life that means a great deal to the future of the child that may be concerned. Everyone knows that a sick person is not easy to get along with ia most cases, is likely to be irritable, to demand attention, or to want to be let severely alone. A sick child is probably more difficult than a sick adult, because of the inability in most instances to reason satisfactorily. In many instances, a child that has been happy, companionable and generally pleasant changes its personability entirely after any fairly long period of illness. When it becomes sick, the parents no longer trouble themselves about its bad habits, the child is waited upon, every whim is gratified, it is constantly entertained and amused, its appetite is encouraged by giving it only the things it likes to eat. When the illness has passed, the child is suddenly confronted with a world in which all of these exceedingly pleasant accommodations have disappeared. Immediately it Is punished for wrong actions, it is compelled to eat what the rest of the family eat, it is forced to find its own entertainment and amusement. The natural reactions of the reasoning child is to respond with stubborness, sullenness, argument, whining and bad spells of temper.

(Abbreviations: A—ace; K—king: Q—thann’lO ) x —* n V **rd lower THE foregoing illustrations show the most common finesses. However, the maneuver is not always necessary and sometimes it is inadvisable. Assume, for example, that you are the declarer and the trumps are distributed between yourself and the dummy as follows: Dummy, JlO 4 32; declarer, A Q 9 8 7 6. Your combined hands contain eleven trumps. The King and 5 are out against you. You want to avert the loss of a trick in trumps. The most probable distribution of the two remaining trumps is one in each of your opponent’s hands. Playing the Jack up to the Ace first round is likely to draw out both the King and 5, leaving east and west blank of trumps. If the King does not fall, you still have the lead and can control the next play: If, on the other hand, you finesse, you have only an even chance. We thus arrive at the rule that It is best not to finesse when you hold: 1. Any eleven or s more cards of one suit. 2. Ten cards of one suit including Ace and King. 3. Nine cards of one suit including Ace, King and Jack. Asa general guide, finesse a long suit when you hold: 1. Ten cards in that suit with the King missing; finesse once with this holding. 2. Nine cards in that suit with the King missing: finesse at least once with this holding and watch the fall of the cards for information. Never take |in unnecessary finesse if game may thereby be sacrificed. When game is assured without finessing, do not risk its loss. (Copyright. 1928. by the Ready Reference Publishing Company)

For dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.—Gen. 3:19. m tt DEATH to the Christian 1s the funeral of all his sorrows and evils, and the' resurrection of all his joys.—Aughey.

Just Before the Battle, Mother!

~\ oua v iT * L- X~' e i **saug. ys >T" -~:rr r-;. J/j

Don’t Spoil the Child During His Illness

Bridge Play Made Easy BY W. W. WENTWORTH

Daily Thoughts

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

The fault is, of course, not entirely that of the child. The child who is sick or recovering from an illness is entitled to special consideration, but reason should disappear entirely in its control. It must understand that it is receiving special consideration because it is sick and that accommodation to the rest of the world is

Times Readers Voice Views

The name and address of the author must accompany every contribution, but on request will not be published. Letters not exceeding 200 words will receive preference. Editor Times: I was surprised on reading an editorial in The Times July 24 in which you endeavored to point out that A1 Smith had taken a great load off of the shoulders of your candidate for President, in stating his position on the Volstead law, thereby preventing Mr. Hoover from knuckling to the Anti-Saloon League and other kindred societies. I was under the impression that Mr. Hoover was made of "sterner stuff.” TEMPERANCE. Editor Times: I have not seen those prosperity notices in The Times for some time. Do you still think prosperity is here or do you

Questions and Answers

You can get an answer to any answerable Question of fact or Information by writing to Frederick M. Kerbv. Question Editor. The Indianapolis Times’ Washington Bureau. 1322 New York Ave., Washington. D. C.. enclosing 2 cents In stamps for reply. Medical and legal advice cannot be given, nor can extended research be made. All other questions will receive a personal reply. Unsigned requests cannot be answered. All letters are confidential. You are cordinally Invited to make use of this free service as often as you please. EDITOR.

What causes “feather pulling among chickens? How can it be cured? This vice may originate from several causes, such as close confinement, idleness, lack of sufficient mineral or animal matter in the feed, or, the presence of iten mites at the base of the feathers. A particularly vicious hen may begin the practice and she may be imitated by others of the flock, thereby creating a vicious habit. The treatment is to allow as much room as possible for exercise. Scratching for feed in deep litter helps to keep the birds busy. Provide a variety of feeds with meat scrap and plenty of green feed and ground oyster shell. The early discovery and isolation of the principal offenders will frequently check the trouble where It is a habit and not due to other causes. If nites are present treat as for scabies. Will salt kill a tree when put Into a hole at the roots? If sufficient salt is applied it will kill the tree. The easiest way to kill a tree is to girdle it in June, cutting the gash a foot wide, and removing all bark so that there is no chance for the sap to run back to the roots. When the leaves are dead cut the tree as close to the ground as possible. The roots will not sprout again. Is there any law that compels a woman to take the name of her husband? According to the National Woman's part” there is no law, statute, or court decision in any State in the Union providing that at marriage a woman must take her husband's name. In doing so she performs a voluntary act, in compliance with custom, and not because the law requires it. They further declare that there is no court decision denying her the right to retain her maiden name. What relation was Harriet Lane to President Buchanan and what waat was the relationship of Mrs. McElroy to President Arthur? Mrs. Harriet Lane Johnston was the niece of James Buchanan and was mistress of the White House during his administration, 1857-1861. Mrs. Mary Arthur McElroy was the sister of Chester A. Arthur, and was mistress of the White House during his administration, 18811885,

perhaps onetof its most important functions. All of the great psychologists who have been giving special attention to the problems of education in recent years are convinced that the most important lesson that can be taught to any child is the proper method of meeting tough situations in life and overcoming barriers as they arise.

think prosperity is still around the comer? Do you know the Marmon Motor Car Company is not making 300 autos a day and never has made 300 autos a day? You know we have a lot of newspaper prosperity. We readers get lots of it from all the Indianapolis papers. Do you know that there are thousands of mqn out of work here in this city? Both the old political parties are mum on this question, just like the News, Times and Star. The two grar.d old parties do nothing and say nothing on this Question. I would like for someone to give a reason why a workingman should vote the old party ticket. JOHN DAY, 3410 Temple Ave.

How many newspapers are published in the United States and how many books are there in the public libraries of the country? How many books are published each year? According to Ayer's American Newspaper Annual, there are 22,190 newspapers in the United States. During 1924-1925 the annual book production in the United States reached 9,012 separate titles. The total number of books in State and public libraries, exclusive of colleges, schools, etc., Is 70,770,008. What is the average fat content of milk from the better known breeds of milch cows? What is the legal butter fat content of cream? The average fat content of milk from the Holstein is 3.46 per cent; from the Ayershire, 3.57 per cent; from the Jersey, 5.61 per cent, and from the Guernsey, 5.12 per cent. The usual legal standard for butter fat in single cream is 18 per cent; double cream 30 per cent. What is a mudstone? The term is applied to a stone or other substance, frequently a ball of hair from the stomach of an animal, that Is popularly supposed to cure hydrophobia and to absorb venom when applied to a wound. Was Sir Francis Bacon an Illegitimate son of Queen Elizabeth by the Earl of Leicester? No. His father, Sir Nicholas Bacon, was lord keeper of the great i ieal, and his mother was the 'earned Vnn Cooke, sister of Burleigh's wile Can a Japanese or Chinese be naturalized in the United States? No. What is a phobia? A morbid fear or dread. What is the amount of the Italian debt to Great Britain? On June 30, 1925, It amounted to 14,868.000,000 gold lira. The par value of a lira is $0,193.

This Date in U. S. History

July 30 1718—William Penn, founder of Pennsylvania, died. 1733—First Masonic lodge established In Boston. 1778—Washington arrived at White Plains, N. Y. 1780—Continental currency worth 2 cents on the dollar. 1875—Andrew Johnson, seventeenth President, died. 1912—Excessive speed blamed for Titantic disaster by the British Board of Trade’s inquiry commission.

-JULY 30, 1928

The Truth About Mexico

Ernest Gruening, whose book. “Mexico and Its Heritage, will be published by the Century Company, in September, has written the following article tor The Times. Dr. Gruening spent five years in Mexico gathering material for his book and during that time enjoyed an extraord’narlly acquaintance with all the men now affecting the destiny of Mexico. Two other articles by Dr. Gruening will appear later in The Times. BY ERNEST~GRUENING NEWS dispatches from Mexico since the assassination of President-elect Obregon must be highly confusing to Americans. The assassin's confessed motive that he preferred “Christ the King” as Mexico’s ruler instead of Obregon, reveals him as a religious fanatic. President Calles, since the assassination, has in repeated public statements held the Mexican Roman Catholic clergy responsible son it, either as having directly conspired to remove Obregon, using the murderer as its tool, or as morally responsible in arousing a fanatical hatred against the presidentelect whose anti-clerical views long have been a matter of record, and who two days before the fatal shooting declared that there would be no modification in the restrictions which led to the present church and state impasse in Mexico. On the other hand, agrarian leaders, notably Antonio Dia:; Soto Y. Gama and Aurelio Manrique, both deputies in the national congress, have charged the Labor party with moral responsibility for the assassination, particularly blaming the Labor leader Luis N. Mortifies for creating an atmosphere of hostility to Obregon These agrarians called for the ousting of the Laborites from the administration and succeeded in securing the resignation of Morones from the cabinet, and of two other Laborites. Meanwhile, a rift between the Calles and Obregon elements seems to be widening over the question of the presidency when Calles’ own term expires on Dec. 1, although Calles and Obregon were politically one. What are the true facts underlying these apparent conditions. a tt FIRST, we may dismiss the charges of indirect or moral responsibility for the assassination as originating in the birs of those who make the charges. Calles’ charges is based on the fact that he always has been an extreme anti-clerical. Justification to be sure has been lent to his anticlericalism by the historic position of the Mexican Roman Catholic clergy as extremely active in politics, and particularly hostile to every revolutionary administration from the time of Madero. A connection between the assassin’s confessed motive and the active propaganda by the clergy in favor of "enthroning Christ as King of Mexico” also may be made. To understand this connection it is necessary to realize the strained relations between church and state, and that the activities of the clergy have been fundamentally different in Mexico from what they are in the United States. a tt DURING the last seven years placards proclaiming “Long Live Christ the King” and “Long Live the Pope,” which have appeared on the doors of houses particularly in regions known to be strongholds of clericalism, have been intended and so interpreted by the civil authorities, as a direct challenge to ;he authority of the state. It is in these regions that the i.rmed uprising known as the “Catholic rebellion” has taken place in the last two years, since on Aug. 1, i926, the clergy, following orders from Rome, refused to submit to the law, requiring the priests to register, and withdrew from the churches. Space is lacking to multiply thd evidence confirming the politicosocial intent in Mexico underlying the “Christ, King of Mexico” movement ,or propaganda. The expulsion of Archbishop Filippi, in January, 1923 ,came as a result of President Obregon’s belief that this movement was assuming menacing proportions. The injection of “Chirst the King” formula in the assassin’s explanation of his motives forms a connection which, in the mind of the Mexican revolutionists, would seem obvious and apparent. The young fanatic had been carried away and misled by a perverted interpretation of this dogma. That there was any more direct connection, any deliberate instigation to cause him to commit his deed, no evidence hitherto adduced substantiates. It may be reasonably assumed that if there were any, it would, given the attitude of the nation’s chief executive, have been found by now. The agrarians are equally wide of the mark in their claim that labor—or rather that particular wing of labor incorporated in the Mexican Federation of Labor—was responsible. There, too, an established bias and record of hostility—with political motives explain the charge. a a THE right of labor—to organize, and to opportunities which are taken for granted now throughout the modern world, but were denied workers under Diaz, was one of the objectives of the revolution. The rights of the peasantry to be free from peonage and to own and cultivate lands as Independent farmers, was another. Both these revolutionary planks were deemed equally Important. The aspirations of both groups were betrayed by Carranza but gratified as far as possible in Obregon’s first adminis-tration—l92o-1924. Up to the end of his administration, the laborite and agarian groups in the revolution, although headed by different individuals, worked in narmony. Under Calles, the political aspirations of labor were given greater recognition relatively than those of the Agrarians, although Calles carried the agrarian program through unflinchingly and with results which for the first time were tangibly beneficial. From the standpoint of both land and labor Issues the Calles administration was satisfactory.