Indianapolis Times, Volume 40, Number 56, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 July 1928 — Page 4

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SC RIPP S- HOW AAD

“Undesirable Aliens” The tragedy of the northern ice fields, now absorbing the attention of all the world, has produced a band of heroes, men whose names may be listed among the deathless brave of all time. One of these names is Samoilovich, Russian professor who heads the relief expedition aboard the icebreaker Krassin. Another is Chuknnovsky, the Russian pilot, who located one contingent of the Nobile survivors, then was forced down himself, and wirelessed this message : “Don’t mind me. Save the others first.” The Russo-American Chamber of Commerce of New York City has sent an invitation to Samoilovich and Chukhnovsky to visit this country. The Russo-American organization wishes to pay them honor for their magnificent feat. It probably also wishes to drive home to the American people that Russians, after all, are just human beings like ourselves, capable at times of reaching the heights of human grandeur. If it is the latter desire that is uppermost, it is not a desire to be despised; it is a worthy one, not unworthy. And, in this day of good will ambassadorships, these heroes of the Arctic surely qualify for the role. Somebody has been to see the State Department about it. No, says a spokesman for the State Department, none of our officials could with propriety receive the two Russians, should a presentation be contemplated. Even Government officials in New York undoufc tedly would refrain from taking part in any reception given them. And, it is further explained, these two Russians also must satisfy some consular officials that they do not come within the provisions under which undesirable aliens are barred from the United States! All this because the Unified States does not have diplomatic relations with Russia—being almost alone among civilized powers in this respect. How the God of War must snicker in his sleeve as he observes the little men in the State Department busily seeking signatures to a meaningless anti-war treaty, while harboring in their hearts nothing warmer than a notion of diplomatic correctitude. Suppose some fine day an aviator from Mars drops down with a good-will message for the peoples of the earth. He’ll do well not to land in this home of the brave and the pure. We have no diplomatic relations with Mars! The Kellogg Peace Pact The Kellogg multilateral treaty by which the United States and other powers renounce war “as an instrument of national policy” probably will be signed soon- Germany, France and Italy formally have accepted the amended draft. Great Britain, Japan and other governments are expected to follow within a fortnight. To win support of European governments, Kellogg had to change completely his original idea for a flat renunciation of war as a mattery of policy. He now has incorporated basic reservations in the pact. France and others are accepting the treaty only because of these modifications and interpretations. These reservations make the treaty inapplicable to so-called defensive war, each nation retaining the right to determine when armed conflict or military preparations are necessary to its safety. Nor shall the treaty in any way interfere with the war-making provisions of the League of Nations covenant, nor the Locarno and other “security” pacts. The United States reserves full rights under the Monroe Doctrine, and Great Britain in at least one note regarding the proposed treaty has laid down anew British Monroe doctrine of special interests in undefined areas. The Kellogg treaty thus becomes little more than a moral gesture. As such, however, it is important. For it is an official recognition by the several governments of the popular protest in those countries against war as a method of settling international disputes. But if this treaty results in giving the peoples of the world a false sense of security against the danger of war, then it will defeat its own purpose. War is caused by economic and political conflicts, and by fears multiplied by large armaments. War can be prevented only by reducing those conflicts, by restricting those armaments, and by providing international machinery for a cooling off process and for peaceful settlement of disputes. Like all “first steps,” the value of the proposed Kellogg pact will depend upon the rapidity with which it leads to further steps toward "outlawing war.” The .Solid South Another thing that is nothing to worry about is the possible ‘busting up” of the Solid South—politically. Neither the country at large nor the Solid South is going to the dogs if the South loses its Democratic solidity. Entirely aside from who might benefit by it this year, it would be a good thing for both the nation and the States directly interested if there were some competition between parties below the Mason and Dixon line. For like reason hidebound Republican States like Pennsylvania would be better off if they were not so all-fired hidebound. A better breed of Republicans might come to the top. As it is now, the State is so lopsided politically that a yellow dog could be elected if it got the Republican nomination. Vare was elected to the Senate. And ii Alabama were not so lopsided Democratically, Tom Heflin probably wouldn’t be a member of the United States Senate. More good than harm will come to all concerned if this year’s campaign gets hot enough to melt both the Democratic solidity of the South and the almost Republican solidity of the West. What we need is close States and more of 'em. Business-Like Purity Deeply interested in the Nation's morals and determined to save the everlasting soul of the Democratic party of the solid South, two eminent theologians called together as many of the pure and righteous as would come, and solmenly decided to save the Democratic party by knifing its presidential candidate. These two eminent theologians are Bishop James Cannon Jr. of'the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and Dr. Arthur J. Barton of Atlanta, chairman of the executive committee of the Anti-Saloon League. It should not be assumed that because these holy

The Indianapolis *Times (A SCKII*I*S-HO\VAKI> NEWSPAPER) Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 W. Maryland Street, Indianapolis. Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cents—lo cents a week ; elsewhere, 3 cents—l 2 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY, ROY W. HOWARD, FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE —RILEY 8551. THURSDAY. JULY 26. 1928. Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Agsociation. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

men are righteous and pure that they are not at the same time eminently practical and business-like. After they had completed the good work at Asheville they expressed themselves quite frankly to assembled reporters. And thus spake Dr. Barton: “We will raise as much money as we can for the good work.” When the able Bishop Cannon was asked if they would accept monfy from the Republican national committee if it were offered, the champion of the good and pure replied: , “Certainly. I never look a gift horse in the mouth. In the old days I never refused contributions from conscience-stricken saloonkeepers. The conference adopted no new policy, but I can see no reason why a Republican national committee contribution should not be welcomed.” Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall inherit large campaign contributions. The Bootlegger The bootlegger was portrayed before the American Bar Association at Seattle as being the spider in the center of the web of crime. While one realizes that this portrayal probably is correct, it clashes with the personalities of the few bootleggers we’ve been privileged to meet. Almost without exception they were young men whose business probity in dealing with customers was equal to the average. Differing from a grocer or a tailor only in that their business was illegal, they quite frankly regarded a law which tried to keep folks from buying and drinking what they pleased as so much bologna. And the average bootlegger probably is encouraged in this outlook by finding so many people—perhaps the leading citizens upon whom he has looked all his life with respect—who agree with him heartily, and cooperate with him in breaking the law. -• From los§ of respect for one law it is an easy road to loss of respect for all. The beer purveyor at 20 may become a gunman or the bank robber at 25—and your banter or merchant wakes up to find his bank or safe looted and mingles his plaints about this catastrophe with criticisms of the quality of the last case of Scotch he bought. Arthur V. Lashly, who investigated for the bar association, finds the bootlegger bribes public officials to such extent that the public has lost its respect for law and public office, and that thuggery, bombing, hijacking, murder, holdups and other major crimes are his gentle side lines. In virtually every city he has the business of illegal distribution of liquor well organized and efficient. Lashly recommends a vigilant and informed public which will not tolerate corruption in office, breaking up of gang rule and corruption in politics, and rigid enforcement of prohibition. This sort of thing requires an abhorrence to breaking the law which we doubt the average citizen now has, after eight years of troubled wondering whether one law—that of prohibition—is a good thing or not. Lashly, however, suggests another alternative—repeal or amendment of the prohibition laws if they can not be enforced rigidly. That, we venture to think, is the solution the public eventually may come to. if it is convinced that the load of crime and vice it is carrying under present conditions can be shaken off in no other way. Candidates Keeping Cool There are indications that the presidential campaign may be conducted with an unusual degree of sanity. Governor Smith refuses to pose for photographers as a bricklayer. "That’s a boloney picture,” he says, and adds there will be no faked pictures for campaign purposes. Herbert Hoover refuses to kiss a baby. “I am not going s o stage emotional antics for publication purposes,” he declares. The candidates are making a fine start. If their supporters will be just as discreet, the public will have opportunity to study the fundamental Issues of this campaign. nairiA Dietz on Science ■■ Vega, Like Woman’s Eye No. 112 IF you will go outdoors tonight and look almost directly overhead, you will see, providing the night is cloudless, a beautiful, brilliant white star. It is the beautiful first magnitude star Vega, the fourth brightest star in the whole heavens. Vega is part of the constellation of Lyra, the harp or lyre. Lyra Is a good constellation with which to begin our study of the summer constellations. The accom-

•f* > ■ 1111 11 1 ■ SUUAFAT^ SHELIAW I / / / LYRA : . I • / x y VEGA —

are in the northern hemisphere- The other five are in the southern hemisphere. The brightest of them all is Sirius, the dog-star, whose acquaintance we will make later. Vega, according to the Revised Harvard Photometry, is the fourth brightest star. Below Vega you will note a small parallelogram of four stars. Vega is supposed to be situated in the lower corner of the frame of the lyre. The four stars in the parallelogram are supposed to mark the position: of the strings of the lyre. Vega is an Arabic name, meaning the “falling eagle” or the “swooping eagle.” Vega is one of the most beautiful stars in the heavens. “Like a diamond in the sky,” is particularly descriptive of twinkling, beautiful blue-white Vega. The Romans gave Vega the name Lyra, the same name which the constellation bears. Nathaniel Parker Willis, nineteenth century American poet, using the name in this sense, wrote: “Azure Lyra, like a woman’s eye, Burning with soft blue lustre.” Due to the shifting of the earth’s axis, Vega will become the north or pole star in i 1,500 more years. Vega once held that honor in ancient times, some thousands of years before Thuban in the constellation of Draco held it.

M. E. TRACY SAYS: “We Have Come to the Point Where We Do Not Cave Very Much How Many, or What Kind of Laivs Are Made, Because We Feel Sure We Can Get Around Them Through the Choice of the ‘Right Kind’ of Executive Official.”

affairs of the New York police glee club arc said to be badly tanled—an SIB,OOO shortage, according to one report; 20,000 tickets sold for a concert to* be given in a hall which seated no more than 1,000; tickets peddled to dive keepers and speakeasies, though supposed to be for members of the department only—tickets destroyed, so that it is impossible to tell how many were sold; very little cash to account for all the canvassing, and other similar charges. Such things have happened in banks and Sunday schools. Policemen are only human after all. One can find in the same paper where the account of this scandal appeared several more to match It. Still, when everything possible has been said by way of explanation or excuse, it looks bad. What I want to know is, why the New York police department needs a glee club. Not that the boys should be forbidden to sing if they can do a reasonably good job at it, but why make it an institutional affair? Why relieve them from duty to warble, while other men tag cars, chaseth tugs and get no glory? What has a glee club to do with traffic regulation, or law enforcement? tt tt tt Ban Saratoga Gambling Saratoga, we are informed, must do without gambling this year, the inference being that Saratoga has not done without gambling other years. There has been no change in the law, of course, but merely a change in some one’s attitude toward law enforcement. We have too much of that kind of thing In this country. Congress and the State Legislatures no longer make the laws under which we live, though that is supposed to be their business. The officials who really make the laws under which we live are those whose duty it is to enforce them, but who have assumed the authority of saying just how riigdly or how leniently they shall be enforced. tt tt St Law-Breaking Spreads We comfort ourselves with the opinion that prohibition laws are the only ones which executive officials enforce, or fail to enforce, as they see fit. We think of sheriffs, police chiefs and village constables as sure to do their duty In other respects, no matter how indulgent they are toward speakeasies and bootleggers. It is all tommyrot. One breach of law generally leads to another, and an officer who winks at one breach of the law often finds himself in a position where he cannot do anything else with regard to another. Besides, there is not enough graft in the liquor traffic to go around, and those who cannot "get theirs” that way, but who see their associates getting it, profit by the example to explore other fields. Let us not forget that there was lack of law enforcement, graft, gang rule and corruption long before Morris Sheppard introduced the Eighteenth Amendment, or Andrew Volstead clinched it with his puritanical bill. Let us not forget, also, that there are hundreds of laws on our books which no one thinks of enforcing, except to make a grand stand play, or punish some political enemy. The number of laws we have written for the sake of appearance and the number we Ignore for the sake of common sense, furnish a setup which makes anything like honest, steady going enforcement impossible, and which has created a public opinion that is willing for the executive. Instead of the legislative branch of the Government to determine what laws shall continue in effect, or be annulled. tt tt tt Politics, Crime Linked Arthur W. Lashley of St. Louis tells the American Bar Association that crime and politics are linked, that gangs, graft and corruption are undermining our system of justice, that bootlegging, rum running and bribery must be suppressed and that prohibition must either be enforced or abandoned. Ever since I can remember, some Governor, district attorney, chief of police or sheriff was bidding for votes on the ground that he would, or would not enforce some particular law, and I can recall several instances where victory came with the promise of nonenforcement. It was a long time ago that the people of this country undertook to make and repeal laws through the election of officials whose duty it was to enforce them without question, who had no business with opinions of their own, but who assumed the right to say what should be done, quite regardless of the statute books or the oath they took. This attitude has grown on us. We have come to a point where we do not care very much how many, or what kind of laws are made, because we feel sure that we can get around them through the choice of the “right kind” of executive official. Because we do not care, we get a constantly Increasing volume of silly, dangerous, impractical regulations, and because we look more and more to executive officials for relief, the legislative branch of our Government falls into disr pute. Any student of history knows where such a situation leads. Failure of the legislative branch, especially in a republic, coupled with increased power for the executive branch can have but one eyentuality—dictatorship.

panying diagram shows the position of the stars in Lyra and their names. Lyra, you will note from your observation o f the sky, is just a little southwest of the head of the dragon, the constellation Draco. There are only 29 stars which are rated as first magnitude stars. Fifteen of them

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES _

By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and ot Hyaeia. the Health Magazine. THE questions that enter into the digestibility of food are numerous. They deal, for instance, with its chemical composition, since foods are acted on by ferments in the body and break up into definite chemical substances. In the human body these substances unite to form new compounds which are useful to the body. One of the most important factors In any chemical action is the presence of water, since that aids in breaking up materials. From this action comes the word hydrolysis, which means splitting up by water. By the action of fluids, food substances which are not dissolved by the body are changed into a form which can be dissolved. Once In solution, they can pass through the walls of the intestinal tract; then they are taken up by the blood and carried to all parts of the body. Solid substances should, of course, be broken up Into small portions in order that they may be acted on more easily. This breaking is accompllsned by chewing. Unless solid foods are thoroughly chewed the lumps are not acted on by the digestive ferments and may be passed through the body unchanged. If substances are extremely tough so that they cannot be properly broken up by chewing they are not suitable for eating by human beings. For this reason, the human being cannot eat hay or straw, with which the horse and cow . find little difficulty. One of the advantages of cooking is to soften material and break up its fiber. Things which are not acted on by cold water can be mechanically broken up by boiling water. After the food leaves the mouth

(Abbreviations: A—ace: K—kin*; Q—queen: J—Jack: X—any card lower than 10.) IP you rely on your partner’s Initial bid containing two quick tricks and on your partner’s defensive bid containing at least one quick trick, you are in a position to know when and to what extent to assist your partner’s bid. Similarly, to raise your partner’s bid, the inhibition of possessing certain minimum values is equally obligatoiy. Your partner has bid, second hand overhids. Should your third hand assist your partner’s bid? To raise or not to raise—that is the question! According to the law of average, when the cards are dealt, every player ought to hold some high cards. When you make an initial bid you hope and expect to find some aces or kings in your partner’s hand. You do not expect to find a “Yarborough” or complete bust. You expect to find such strength as will in all probability produce three tricks. This expectation produces what may be termed the minimum expectant hand. When you hold this minimum you are not justified in assisting or raising your partner’s bid. To assist or raise your partner’s bid you must hold better than the minimum expectant hand. The essential requirements for raising your partner’s no trump bid are, first, a stopper in opponent’s declared suit and, second, a total hand containing two quick tricks. Remember that at no trump the high cards take the tricks. If your partner bids a no trump 4nd second hand overbids with a suit, your hand should as a rule contain at least one stop in the suit declared by your opponent to justify returning to no trump. Your opponent may run his suit before your partner can obtain the lead if you do not hold the stopper. (Copyright, 1938, by the Ready Reference Publishing Company)

The Canning Season Is on Again

— 1 A\ SWg* '

What to Do to Avoid Indigestion

Bridge Play Made Easy BY W. W. WENTWORTH

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

it is churned about in the stomach. The stomach and intestines, which move the food along, require something tangible to take hold of. For this reason it is necessary to have some indigestible matter of roughage in the diet to aid digestion. This need is met by the leafy vegetables, fruits and nuts. However, too much roughage may be irritating and should be avoided.

With Other Editors

(South Bend News Times) Certainly there will be desire on the part of those who r~z opposed to the methods of the Rev. E. S. Schumaker, to exult over his failure to remain out of jail through the Supreme court’s refusal to modify its original sentence. It is unfortunate that a man in his high position should suffer the personal discomfort of incarceration, and fair-minded people will have only pity for his predicament. On the other hand, when the case is impersonally considered, and if we view the matter coldly, away from the standpoint of law, order and justice, it is well to have a principle of law relating to contempt solidly tablished, once and for all. We needed such a precedent, by which politicians In the future may be guided. It was the view of Dr. Schumaker and the defense lawyers that all criticism of public officials or of the courts was justifiable and guaranteed under our constitutional provisions relating to free speech and a free press. It was the contention of the State that while truthful criticism of such officers is proper, justified and legal, untruthful or malicious statements are contemptuous and calculated to bring the courts into disrepute and shame. The court held that Dr. Schumaker’s statements regarding its conduct of liquor cases were untruthful and therefore contemptuous, and its decision is now reaffirmed. Newspapers and citizens have great freedom in this mater of criticism. This newspaper would be the first to resist any encroachment upon the rights of free speech, or its own right to level just criticism against any public officer, whether he were a city councilman, a Governor or a judge. But newspapers and citizens are also bound to obesrve the law of libel. Individuals who may be subject to public criticism also have their personal rights safeguarded by the law. We may tell the truth about them, but our

EMERGENCY FIRST AID Medicine Kit of Value on Camping Trip No. 2

Food cooked over a camp fire Is tasteful, but sometimes underdone. Strang** combinations often are eaten by the vacationist. The active, outdoor life is a great aid to digestive upset will ruin the most perfect vacation. Bicarbonate of soda, is first aid to the upset stomach, besides being valuable for treating insect bites and burns. For indigestion, a teaspoonful in a glass of water. For bites or burns, moisten and apply directly to the injured part. The following simple equipment is suggested for vacation of motor trip or even the home medicine chest: ‘J’wo gauze bandages, 2% inches wide; two cotton bandages, 3 Inches wide; one roll adhesive plaster, 1-inch wide; dozen safety pin-, one ounce absorbent cotton, one yard plain sterile gauze, one ounce tincture of iodine, two ounces bicarbonate of soda; one drachm permanganate of potash, for snake and insect bites; one dozen compound cathartic pills, for adults only, dose 1 to 3 pills; four ounces castor oil; clinical thermometer, one hot water bag, aromatic spirits of ammonia, half to teaspoonful In glass of water as stimulant.

The action of the stomach juices is dependent on the presence of acid secreted by the cells of the stomach wall. The action in the Intestines is alkali. The acid secretion is necessary to digest protein substances. A diet too high in starch and sugar reduces acidity and interferes with protein digestion. *

criticism must be held within the truth. Dr. Shumaker cnarged that the Supreme Court of this State was "wet.” In other words, he implied through his official newspaper that the court was biased, prejudiced, unfair, and that it determined cases not on their merits, but on the personal prejudices of the judges. If this had been true, then suci.l judges should have been impeached removed. The public has recourse against officials of that character. Dr. Shumaker would, however, have been obliged • to prove his charges. Instead, he broadcast the flat statements on his own responsibility and, in the end, failed to prove the truth of his allegations. The quarrel arose over the fact that Dr. Shumaker disagrees with with the Supreme Court’s ruling on evidence in liquor cases. It makes no difference that the State court’s ruling followed exactly the ruling of the United States Supreme Court. Dr. Shumaker’s legal views were in conflict with the court’s decisions—and, therefore, the court was “wet.” Dr. Shumaker’s frantic efforts to avoid serving the sentence, his appeals to influential politicians, such as Robinson and Watson, and his attitude since the case arose.-have not been calculated to arouse further respect for his methods. The dignity of American institutions has been grossly assailed, through mistaken earnestness in the dry cause. This, indeed, is significant of fanaticism which so often runs amuck.

Times Readers Voice Views

Editor Times—l see where Jim Watson says that Smith positively cannot carry Indiana. At Kansds City he bellowed that Hoover could not carry Indiana. Now, what I would like to know is, who the devil will carry it? Can Jim tell us that? LOUIS BERGER, Bedford, Ind. Editor Times—l wish to thank you for the Daily Thought Bible verses printed in your paper. I look for the Bible verses each evening. TIMES SUBSCRIBER.

Questions and Answers

Who wrote the song that contains the phrase, “United we stand, divided we fall”? The words have been traced back to "he Liberty Song written in 1768 by John Dickinson, “Then Join in hand, brave Americans all. By uniting we stand by dividing we fall.” The words became famous when put in the song “Flag of our Union,” by George P. Morris as follows: A S °cail toT ° Ur banner> the watchword reh*,ch * ave the Republic her station: United we stand, divided we fall It made and preserves us a nation. What is the meaning and derivation of the name Maryiyn? It is probably a compound of two common names, Mary and Lynn. Mary is a Hebrew name meaning “exalted;” Lynn means a “cascade." It may be a variation of the name Mary with the ending common to girls’ name as Evelyn, Gwendolyn, etc. What was the date of President Wilson’s second marriage? Dec. 18, 1915.

J_< i I"-*'

KEEPING UP With THE NEWS

BY LUDWELL DENNY WASHINGTON, July 26.—The long advertised American gesture of friendship and aid to the new Chinese Nationalist Government has been made—and at once precipitates a dispute. China asked for three things. We offer her one, and that the least important, it is said. The United States note to China, made public by the state department today, offers to begin negotiations immediately for anew commercial treaty giving tariff autonomy to China and “most-favorea-nation treatment" to both contracting parties In addition, the Nationalist government wants de jure diplomatic recognition from the United States and a general treaty of equal rights to displace the ‘ unequal” treaties under which the United States exercises extraterritorial rights to maintain American troops and courts in China. Two days ago Chairman Porter of the House Foreign Affairs Committee demanded that the State Department initiate negotiations for equal treaties, and pointed to his resolution in Congress which urged speed in this matter. Today’s note did not fix a time for discussing renunciation of extraterritoriality. It merely repeated many previous pledges of this Government. Particularly that of last March, expressing sympathy with Chinese “aspirations for a sovereignty so far as possible unrestricted by obligations of an exceptional character.” The note did not mention de jure recognition. In inviting new tariff negotiations, the note in effect picks up the earlier tariff conference which was interrupted by the civil war. u t tt THE Administration thinks this note and the offer of tariff autonomy, in exchange for the present system under which the powers fix Chinese duties, is an important step forward in the long and necessarily slow process toward the goal of complete Chinese sovereignty. This step is especiallly significant, according to Government officials here, when taken in connection with yesterday’s announcement that 1,500 of the 4,100 American marines are being withdrawn from that country. Critics, however, reply that we have been bragging about our friendship for China ever since the Washington conference and that the time has come to make good—both for the sake o four own sincerity and to strengthen the Nationalist government in trying to unify China. They argue that there is no real difference between de facto and de jure recognition so far as our relations with the Nationalists are concerned—except that the mere phrase “de jure recognition” would give much needed moral support to that government in its most critical period of national reconstruction after civil war. Regarding extraterritorial status, many of the critics agree with the Administration that renunciation of special rights will have to be gradual and progressive, independent upon the Chinese government’s demonstrated ability to protect American nationals. But jusf because the ultimate goal is to be postponed, they argue, it is doubly important that the pledge and the conditions of such renunciation of extraterritoriality be incorporated in new treaties immediately. Unless the Administration goes farther in granting Chinese demands than indicated by this note, the Democrats and progressives will try to make China an issue in the campaign and in the next sesssion of Congress, it is understood. o a PARTS of the note follow: . “On January 27, 1927 ... I stated that the United States was then, and from the moment of the negotiation of the Washington treaty had been prepared to enter into negotiations with any government of China or delegates who could represent or speak for China, not only for putting into force the surtaxes of the Washington treaty but for restoring to China complete tariff autonomy . . . "As an earnest of the belief and the conviction that the welfare of all the peoples concerned will be promoted by the creation in China of a responsible authority which will undertake to speak to and for the Nation, I am happy now to state that the American Government is ready to begin at once, through the American minister to China, negotiations with properly accredited representatives whom the Nationalist government may appoint, in reference to the tariff provisions of the treaties between the United States and China. “This will be done with a view to concluding anew treaty in which it may be expected that full expression will be given reciprocally to the principle of national tariff autonomy and to the principle that the commerce of each of the contracting parties shall enjoy in the ports and the territories of the other treatment, in no way discriminatory as compared with the treatment accorded to the commerce of any other country."

This Date in U. S. History

July 26 1775—Congress established the Postofflce Department with Benjamin Franklin In charge. 1788—New York ratified the Constitution. 1863—Sam Houston, President of Texas, ex-Senator and Governor, died.

Daily Thoughts

Render therefore to all their dues.—Romans 13:7. EVERY duty, even the least duty, involves the whole principle of obedience.—Archbishop Manning.