Indianapolis Times, Volume 40, Number 51, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 July 1928 — Page 6

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The Indianapolis Times (A SCRirrS-HOWAKD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Tiroes Publishing Cos., 214-220 W. Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cents—lo cents a week; elsewhere, 3 cents—l 2 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY, BOY W. HOWARD* FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE—RILEY 5551. FRIDAY, JULY 20, 1928. Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

SCRIPPJ-HOWA.AO

Scrape Off the Barnacles Some of the over-zealous vociferators who an supporting Hoover are in danger of misrespresenting him to the public by their fanatical attacks on Smith. Especially is this true of some of the noisy representatives of 'the Anti-Saloon League, who evidently hope to hold their grip on the Republican party. Perhaps it might be nearer to the truth to say that they are keeping in the limelight in an intense eagerness to hold to their jobs. Hoover may be dryer than Smith, but certainly he isn’t as unreasonable about it or as fanatical in his zeal as are Mcßride, Cannon, Nicholson and others. To refer to prohibition as an experiment that has a noble purpose doesn’t imply that Hoover is everlastingly committed to the experiment if it fails to accomplish its noble purpose. Certainly there is nothing in Hoover’s private or public career that indicates that he would ram down the people’s throats anything they convinced him they didn’t want. It isn’t in the nature of the maw or in his Quaker training to find any enjoyment in reforming his fellow citizens with a club. Nor is it in his mental make-up to justify a campaign of billingsgate and coarse abuse against his political opponent. Hoover is instinctively a gentleman in the best sense of that word, which is more than can be said of some of the Anti-Saloon League ranters who act and talk as if they desperately wer striivng to save their jobs. Probably they hate Smith more than they lova Hoover, for they must know Hoover well enough to know that he himself will be President if elected, and that he is too intelligent and too courageous to turn the White House over to fanatical reformers and let them put the Anti-Saloon League ring in his official nose. Coarse abuse of Smith won’t hurt Smith or help Hoover. In the long run it probably won’t help those who indulge in it. If the Democrats get the political preachers off the party’s back in this campaign, it will be easier for the Republicans to do the same thing later on. The sooner the better. To Anemia Sufferers The July issue erf the American Druggist warns that recent discoveries regarding the value of liver in the treatment of pernicious anemia have caused a flooding of the market with many remedies of very doubtful value. The magazine points out that while liver and liver extract are of remarkable value to sufferers from pernicious anemia, they should never be used except on the advice of a doctor. Many anemia sufferers, as well as people who think they have anemia, but really have something else, are buying utterly worthless compounds under the belief that they are buying liver extract. Liver has remarkable value in the treatment of this disease. But it should be taken under the direction of a physician. Don’t go to the corner drug store I and try to be your own specialist with the aid of a patent medicine. Short-Sighted Suspicions The Federal Power Commission is unable to carry out one of the most important provisions of the law which it was created to administer. This provision calls for supervision of accounts of funds “actually invested’’ in hydro-electric enterprises licensed under the Federal water power act. If these accounts are not checked by the commission, all sorts of doubtful “investments” can be included in the total on which rates are based and the total which the Government will have to pay if it should take over the hydro-electric plants at the end of the license period, as provided by the law. With only four accountants available for checking the accounts of hydro-electric companies claiming a total investment of about $675,000,000, the commission asked the last Congress for authority to employ additional help to do the job. Congress refused. Some Southern Democrats declared the commission was seeking to build up a bureaubracy and invade the rights of the State, and some misguided progressives considered the commission too friendly to private power interests to warrant support. It is no more inters rence with States’ rights, of course, to keep an accurate check on the investment accounts of companies licensed by the Federal Government than it is to take a census. And r ssuming, for the sake of argument, that the Federal Power Commission is a reactionary body, that’s no possible excuse for drawing a curtain of darkness over the accounts of the companies with which it dealsEvery month of delay in providing the power commission with the help necessary to check these investment accounts will increase the difficulty of unscrambling the accounts, and fighting out the inevitable legal issues involved. Sane Enforcement Word comes from Buffalo, N. Y., that Jacob D. Hanson, a reputable citizen shot May 6 by coast guardsmen who suspected him of being a rum runner, is dying. Hanson is entirely blind, and most of the time he is in a state of coma. Hanson, it will be recalled, was fired on after he had refused to stop at the command of the two officers, whom he took to be bandits. Meantime, Dr. James M. Doran, the prohibition commissioner, has issued a written memorandum warning agents that drastic action will be taken unless extreme caution is observed in the use of firearms. The promiscuous flourishing and display of firearms is forbidden, Doran reminds his force. Weapons never should be drawn except in self-defense or to prevent commission of a felony. The agent is not to jeopardize his own safety, but “extreme caution and cool deliberation should control his actions.” Officers will be held strictly accountable and personally responsible for any fatal results from the use of firearms. Doran’s warning may indicate the beginning of sanity in the enforcement of prohibition. Had such policies been stressed from the beginning, tragedies like that of Hanson, of which there have been many, would not have occurred. In the recent report of a committee investigating New Yofk speakeasies, six night clubs were found to be decent places- The names of these have been made public so visitors can avoid |hem.

Coal Miners Accept Defeat In abandoning, th&r thirty-year-old policy of insisting on a national wage scale, the heads of the United Mine Workers have taken a step that is certain to have a momentous effect on the soft coal industry. With each of the thirty-one union districts free to make its own wage arrangements, impetus is given to the competitive frenzy which already has reduced the industry to such a wretched state. The miners’ union, by insistance on a national wage scale, had sought to provide at least one stable element in the industry. It has failed. Now miners’ wages in the union fields will be fixed as part of a scramble, with one district played off against another in wage negotiations. In Ohio, parts of Penr sylvama, and some of the adjacent fields this probably will pave the way for miners who have been waging a hopeless strike for fifteen months to go back to work at reduced wages. Then, since wages are about 70 per cent of the cost of producing coal at the mines, the Southern nonunion mines shortly will begin to feel the pinch of low labor cost competition in the north. Having wrecked the mine union’s wage policy by their relentless competition, the Southern operators may reap the whirlwind they have sown. Some of them may end their coal mining career in the bankruptcy courts, whither they have sent so many Northern operators. This heightened North-South competitive struggle unquestionably will bring the interstate commerce commission farther toward the center of the fray, through increased efforts of the Southern operators to have their former favorable freight rate differentials restored. Soft coal will have increased attention in the national political political arena. In the meantime the miners, through successive wage, reductions, will continue to stand the brunt of the war. Campaign Predictions Politicians are chronic victims of habit. Some of them hand out the same old bunk in every presidential election. When one of them from one State or another meets one of the candidates, either Hoover or Smith, he tells him that his particular State is all i-ight and is dead sure to give the candidate, whoever he happens to be, a big majority. Except in States that are overwhelmingly one thing | or the other politically, the politician doesn’t know] anything about it, of course. Nobody knows what slant the election may take, especially this early in the game. Many things may happen to change the current of public opinion—things no politician can anticipate. It is possible for a landslide one way or the other, and enough can be guessed now to indicate that it is going to be a fight and not a foot race. These pleasant prophecies, given with so much assurance, don’t mean a thing, however much they may tickle the yearning*ears of the hopeful candidates. And everybody concerned knows it. They are part of the fixed furniture of political campaigns, a part of the pap handed out for public consumption. However, they may give the candidate a lit. le thrill of hope and they do no particular' harm, because everybody knows just how little serious attention they deserve, as predictions based upon hope and not upon knowledge. The Navy is investigating to find out whether or not married sailors should receive more pay than single ones. It is perfectly obvious they shouldbeing more skilled in the way of battle. 4 Secretary Work says “protection” is the big issue in this presidential campaign. We thought mosi of the bootleggers already were being pretty well taken care of.

David Dietz on Science

Dragon Coiled in Sky

•No. 107

DRACO, or the constellation of the Dragon, is easy to find. You will have no difficulty discovering it if you remember the lines written in the first century, B. C., by the Latin poet, Vergil, author of the “Aeneid,” with which all high school students are familiar- Vergil wrote: “Here the vast Dragon twines Between the Bears and like a river winds.” So go outdoors tonight and you will find Draco in the sky between the Great and Little Bears, or, as we

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middle of the line and just below it, you will notice a small and faint star. It is a fourth magnitude star and therefore a little hard to find. You can identify it, however, by its orange hue. This star marks the tip of the tail of the dragon. Its name is Giansar, an Arabic name meaning “the poison place.” So you will see that this dragon was supposed to be a very dangerous one with a sting in its tail. Nov/, starting with Giansar, trace the coils of the dragon down the sky between the Big and Little Dippers. After Giansar comes an unimportant fourth magnitude star. Astronomers call it Kappa, the Greek letter for “K.” After Kappa comes a pale yellow fourth magnitude star. This is Thuban, a most interesting star. Next the dragon curls about the bowl of the Little Dipper though at some distance from it. Three stars mark this part of the constellation. , The first cf these three is named Ed Asich. Strangely enough, this name means the “Male Hyena.” It bears testimony to the fact that the Arabs did not always regard this constellation as a dragon. Opposite the middle of the handle of the Little Dipper, the dragon makes another bend and winds his way dqwn the sky again. There are six stars in this part of the constellation, all of them rather faint. The constellation continues to a very faint star, a fifth magnitude star which is about on a line with Ed Asich. It then ends in a sort of diamond-shape formation of four stars. These four constitute the head. The accompanying illustration shows the stars and their names as well as the drago.i which the Greeks thought they formed.

M. E. TRACY SAYS: “Mexico’s Weakness—the Thing That Has Held Her Back, the Thing That Makes the Present Situation Particularly Dangerous—ls Lack of Those Facilities by Which People Can Keep in Touch With Each Other and the Outside World: 1

ONE crisis follows another. No sooner do we settle down to mourn over Obregon J han “Big Bill” Tilden is barred from the Davis cup matches, and no sooner are we ready to fight over that than Tex Rickard announces he will get out an injunction against Gene Tunney if he cannot prevent the latter from coming to his match with Heeney in an airplane any other way. The God-saving grace of modern life lies in the fact that it leaves us little time to get nutty over particular events. Stop the parade, and a good many more of us would be cutting paper dolls. Lack of excitement, which means lack of news, was what made the old boys fall for so many delusions Looked at one way it seems ridiculous that Tilden’s exclusion from a tennis match and Tex Rickard’s proposed injunction, should divide honors with Obregon’s assassination, but if they did not, the latter might grow to mean too much. Less tragi'* events have thrown the world out of balance for no better reason than that men had too little else to think about. Peril of Single ideas Whatever else may be said about it, the complexity of modem life has done much to make us decent, patient and tolerant. We have no time to become fanatical, and that is the real reason we do not. Fanaticism has always flourished among people who had little to distract their attention, whose existence was so drab and monotonous that they found it easy to visualize human fate as dependent on some single idea. The march of progress has forced us to admit that no matter how good ideas may be, it takes a lot of them to produce civilized life and keep it going. We can not pick out any particular idea and fool with it long enough to get excited over it, without losing our place in the line, or getting run over. Those who keep up with the procession, who make anything of themselves, who know what is go- | ing on, are compelleld to become catholic in their taste and attitude. tt tt tt Need World Contact Mexico’s weakness—the thing that has held her back, the thing that makes the present situation particularly dangerous—is lack of those facilities by which people can keep in touch with each other and the outside world. Too many Mexicans are still forced to live in a dangerous degree of isolation and poverty, still compelled to dwell too much with their own thought, and still exposed to the influence of catch phrases and cure-alls. The kind of gospel they need is the kind the peon can translate into three square meals for his family and a little wholesome recreation on the side, the kind of missionary work that would do them the most good is the kind that engineers and scientists can perform with the help of capital. That is whac this so-called revolutionary movement has been trying to give them, what made Obregon an idol and what accounts for Calles’ political hold. The order of Diaz and those who came before him, the order inherited from Spanish rule, was, stagnating in its effect. When he authorized the establishment of a public school system, Diaz said that he had probably done something which would mean his own destruction, and that is the way Mexican leaders of his type felt about every modern innovation. tt tt tt 40 Acres and a Mule There has been a great deal of meaningless bloodshed in Mexico and there have been offshoots of the revolutionary movement which served no other purpose than to elevate unworthy leaders. Underlying it all, however, there has been a clean-cut desire to reshape the economic structure in such a way as would give millions of poverty-stricken people an opportunity to better themselves. Much as the idea of “forty acres and a mule” for each peon has been ridiculed, it not only played a big part in molding popular opinion, but visualized a solution of the land problem that was sensible and imperative. . ts tt tt Throwing Off the Yoke It is easy enough for us to sit down and work out paper schemes by which the Mexican government could have bought the great estate? and divided them without confusion; easy enough to prove why there was no need of war, and what a lot of useless sacrifice has been made. All that is because we do not know our Mexico, do not realize what a handicap Spanish civilization imposed upon her, and what heroic measures were required to overcome it.Mexico is following the trail blazed by France in 1789. What we are pleased to scoff at as her radicalism is merely the logical reaction of down-trodden people who have lived and died under the restraints and restrictions of a ruthless aristocracy. i

more often call them, the Big and Little Dippers. Begin your search for Draco as you did for Cassiopeia and Cepheus by tracing a line from the ‘pointers” in the Great Dipper to Polaris, the north star. But this time do not continue the line beyond Polaris. At about the

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

This Is the last of three articles on infections of the nervous system. BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor Journal of the American Medical Association and of Hygeia. the Health Magazine DURING the World War there appeared in France in 1916 and in Vienna in 1917 cases of a disease which had been described more than a hundred years ago and which was peculiar in character. In this disease the brain and the central nervous system were attacked, the primary symptoms being disorders of movement and particularly a form of unconsciousness which caused the disease to be called lethargis encephalitis. The lethargy or sleepy unconsciousness gave to the disease the newspaper name of “sleeping sickness” and caused great confusion

(Abbreviations: A—ace: K—kine; Q—queen: J—jack: X—any card lower than 10.) THE urge to improve a minor bid should be ever present, as it is difficult to make game in a minoi suit. However, before changing your partner’s major declaration you should vait and reasonably satisfy yourself as to the clear advisability of furnishing any information whatsoever. The declarer, when making a trump bid expects to find the following trumps in his partner’s hand: X X X or A X or K X or at least Q X This is called normal expectancy, or normal support. When your hand does not contain normal expectancy it may well be that your partner, having made a bid on only four or five cards, is defeated at the outset, for your oppo nents may have command of the trump strength. The probability of game under such circumstances is slight. As an illustration thereof let us assume that declarer has bid on A Q 10 X X. You hold X X in trump, making a total of seven trumps. The probabilities are that more than half of the time the remaining six trumps will be divided four-and-two or five-and-one between the opponents, and game under such circumstances is very difficult to make. A X, K X or Q X are accorded by many experts the value of X X X, though on account of modern four-card suit bidding it is of greater assistance to hold XXX. It is therefore incumbent upon you when you hold less than X X X or less than Q X in trumps to examine your hand carefully to see whether you can not “radio” your partner this information. When holding more than normal expectancy, as II X X X or K X X in trumps, do not endeavor to change partner’s bid unless you hold at least six cards in the other major suit with at least four honors. I Copyright,

You can get an answer to any anawerable question of fact or information by writing to Frederick M. Kerby, Question Editor. The Indianapolis Times’ Washington Bureau. 1322 New York Ave., Washington. D. C.. enclosing 2 cents in stamps for reply. Medical and legal advice cannot be given, nor can extended research be made. All other questions will receive a personal reply. Unsigned requests cannot be answered All letters are confidential. You are cordinaily Invited to make use of this free service as often as vou Please. EDITOR. Wbat are the proportions of Roman Catholic and Protestants in the world? The Roman Catholic population is estimated at 273,500,000 and the Protestant population at 170,900,000. Was 1920 a leap year? Is every year that is divisible by four a leap year? 1920 was a leap year. Every year divisible by four is a leap year except even centuries, like 1800 and 1900.

Y\ °0 #/ X \ C< MO

Encephalitis Attacks Our Mental Forces

Bridge Play Made Easy BY W. W. WENTWORTH

Questions and Answers

Detour

DAILY HEALTH SERVICE

with that form of sleeping sickness which occurs in Africa due to a germ that is transmitted by the tsetse fly. The African disease bears no relationship to lethargic encephalis. The epidemic encephalitic disease spread rapidly over Europe and early in 1919 invaded the United States. It is now appearing throughout the world, and it is impossible to predict its extent or limitations. The cause is thus far not definitely established,' although bacteriologic studies have indicated its germ origin. Unlike meningitis and infantile paralysis, this disease attacks the brain more than it does the spinal cord. Asa result, all sorts of unusual symptoms appear, including paralysis, disorders of sensation, double

Times Readers Voice Views

The name and address of the author must accompany every contribution, but on request will not be published. L tters not exceeding 300 words will receive preference. Editor Times—On behalf of the organized musicians of Indianapolis, I am addressing you to set forth an interesting and significant view of a recent development in the field of entertainment.—the introduction of the talking motion picture. I think that it may be allowed that the motion picture has come to occupy such a position of dominance in the field of entertainment and in our community life that anything affecting the movie theater program may be said to be of public moment. The American Federation of Musicians, embracing in its membership 158,000 members, or practically all professional instrumental musicians i a the United States and Canada, is not opposed to progress. We welcome the talking movie as a potential improvement in the dramatic form, but we are opposed to the substitution of mechanical music, synchronized to screen action, for the personal appearance of musicians. Now, we have no desire to sail under false colors, so we admit readily that our peculiar interest in opposing such a substitution is that it ] might cost some of us our jobs. We : see a further reason for protest, j however, which is of greater public I concern: Substitution of mechanical music inevitably means a debasement of the art of music-. The movie business has done much to foster appreciation of good music by providing better music than usually is offered to the public, thus improving the public taste. Now it is prosposed to take a step that would destroy this musical advance. For mechanical music never can be more than a base counterfeit of the genuine performance. You cannot mechanize an art. We are not foolish enough to propose that the public should be denied what it wants. If the public wants its music in this form, it will get it. We are concerned only to prevent’ something being “slipped over” on the theater patron. He may enjoy the synchronization plan as anew toy, but if he is not alert to the consequences he later may find that the toy has become the substitute for good music. It is a "creeping adulteration” of music that we are warning against. Looking a little further into the future, we foresee that the quality of our national music will be seriously affected if “canned music” displaces other forms and reduces the musician’s opportunities of employment. It is well known that any art depends for its progress upon the number and enthusiasm of its devoted executants. Where will the young musician of the future gain the incentive to perfect his art if a mere handful of recording artists are supplying all the music needed? From a community viewpoint, is it not preferable to have resident artists drawing and spending their salaries here to having the money sent out of town? There has as yet been no proposal to share the economy of “canned music” with theater patrons in the form of a reduced admission charge. We musicians are making no plea for sympathy, but ,we invite the public to look upoh synchronized music in the moviefe with its eyes open to future possibilities. Hence

vision, tremors and serious disturbances of mental power and moral character. Since there are many conditions that may also affect the brain, confusion sometimes results in differentiating epidemic encephalitis from other brain disorders. The sinister character of this disease has attracted studies by the best scientific minds and laboratories in the world. Month by month, day by day, new contributions are being made which point toward the possibility of eventual scientific control. Today the physician does what he can to diagnose the disease, so prevent its spread to others, and by the use of scientifically established remedies to control the various symptoms in so far as possible as they develop.

we appeal to The Indianapolis Times to publish this letter. Very truly yours. Indianapolis Musicians, P. J. Shusler, Secretary. Editor Times—Your editorial suggestion for “quick justice” in the issue of July 18 is one way to help stop the crime wave, but if our judges would put a fine on the guntoters of SSOO and sentence them for 180 days on the penal farm they soon could keep our citizens from being ropbed and policemen being killed. Young Judge Pritchard was the only judge who would fine a man SIOO and costs for carrying concealed weapons and we did not have so much gunplay at that time. POLICEMAN E. STODDARD.

They Say

(Marlon Chronicle) Nobody ever bothered how Herbert Hoover looked before; but now it appears that he buys his collars by the gross, his hats in lots and his suits by the half dozen. Thereby he eliminates waste in both time and money. This will not hurt him with the American people, says the Los Angeles Times. When President Coolidge announced some time ago that his old hat would do for another . season, some were scandalized. The hatters immediately resolved that fedora economy should not extend to Federal matters. * Mr. Hoover can be depended on to carry on the Coolidge policies even to wearing apparel. There is further illustrations preceding in these important matters. Lincoln used his clothes for covering and not for ornament. He looked like a bundle of rails all dressed up. He was no tailor’s dummy. Some of the delicately attired may wish to make Hoover over. However, he has risen to be the prospective first gentleman in the land in his good old reliable double-breasted blue serge suit. And that required engineering of no mean order. We venture the prediction that blue serge will be the vogue in men’s fashions for four years at least. So it may be well to allow the secretary of commerce to dress as he pleases. Most of the voters wear common clothes also. There is a free-masonry of old clothes. Hoover will not likely be greatly exercised by these attempts to remodel him. Clothes do not make the President. Clothes horses come cheaper than $75,000 a year. Sport model clothes can safely be left to the sidewalks of New York. The great issue is not with the tailors, but with the smiths. The mass of Americans wear good, ordinary clothing. To them Herbert Hoover will have his appeal. He uses his collars to end his shirts at the top and his hat to cover his head. He is no dancing master.

Daily Thoughts

Judge not according to the appearance.—John 7:24. tt n tt How little do they see what is, who frame their hasty Judgments upon that which seems.—Southey.

.JULY 20, 1928

KEEPING UP With THE NEWS

BY LUDWELL DENNY WASHINGTON, July 20. Beneath the ballyhoo for the Kellogg “anti-war” treaty, whose success was assured by British acceptance published today, diplomats are troubled by two questions profoundly affecting international relations. These are; What is the significance of the London government’s reservation proclaiming what amounts to a British Monroe Doctrine of special rights and interests in undefined areas? Will Soviet Russia, outlawed by the United States and Great Britain, be invited or allowed to sign this multilateral treaty which is nominally open to all nations? Twelve governments, including the British dominions, have sent notes to Washington formally accepting the modified Kellogg draft. These are: Germany, France, Italy, Poland, Belgium, Great Britain, Irish Free State, Canada* India, Australia, New Zealand, Union of South Africa. Japan <.nd Czecho-Slovakia are expected to reply in the affirmative within i week. Tentative plans call for joint signature of the treaty at Paris about August 28, with Secretary Kellogg probably signing for the United States. Unlike the original Kellogg proposal for flat "renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy,” the reservations of the European governments have been incorporated in the revised draft until the treaty is now inapplicable to so-called defensive war and to war measures under the covenant of the League of Nations and the Locarno and other so-called security pacts. a tt tt BRITAIN lists these reservations, and then adds another. “As regards the passage in my note o*f May 19 relating to certain regions of which the welfare and integrity constitute a special and vital inter est for our peace and safety, T need only repeat that his Majesty’s government accept the new treaty upon the understanding that it does not prejudice their freedom of action in this respect,” states the British note made public here today. The May 19 note referred to said: “There are certain regions of the world the welfare and integrity of which constitute a special and vital interest for our peace and safety. His Majesty’s government has been at pains to make it clear in the past that interference with those regions cannot be suffered. “Their protection against attack is to the British Empire a measure of self-defense. It must be clearly understood that his Majesty’s government in Great Britain accept the new treaty upon the distinct understanding that it does not prejudice their freedom of action in this respect.” This reservation, taken in connection with the sweeping reservation that “the proposed treaty does not restrict or impair in any way the right of self-defense” and that “each State alone is competent to decide when circumstances necessitate recourse to war for that purpose,” appears to some neutral diplomats here to leave Great Britain freer than without this treaty. For Great Britain, it is pointed out, does not define in any way the non-British regions which she may in the future designate as of “vital interest” to her and for which she may wage so-called defensive war. While this declaration of special rights in being referred to as anew British Monroe Doctrine, it is further pointed out, that the American Monroe Doctrine is not over an undefined area, but explicit and limited geographically to parts of the western hemisphere. tt tt tt THE question of Russian adherence to the Kellogg pact is undecided. There has been a reported move not necessarily official, from German and other circles to include Russia among the original signatories. This move, it is said, is not based upon a desire to please Moscow but upon recognition of the fact’ that no European peace or arms und?rstanding of any kind could be really effective in an emergency so long as Russia were unbound by it. Not recognizing the Moscow government, however, Washington is not prepared to let the question of a direct signature invitation to Russia arise. Therefore, Russia will not be included among the initial group of signatories. But, theoretically at least, Moscow comes under the head of ’all Nations” to whom the treaty thereafter will be open. There is no present indication that Washington will object to such Russian adherence, so long as this Government is not put in the position of taking the initiative. That is the advantage of having the original signatures affixed in Paris. France will thus become the repository of the treaty, and presumably will extend the general Invitation for signature to “all Nations.” The British Tory government, which broke diplomatic relations with Moscow, is not clear on this Russian matter in its treaty note to the United States. The British idea of a general invitation is variously interpreted as including Russia and as applying only to League of Nations members.

This Date in U. S. History

July 20 1628—Ballot first used In America to elect John Wilson as pastor at Salem. 1861— Confederate Provisional Con- . gress opened its third session at Richmond. 1862 Congress provided for 2,000 medals to be distributed among privates ad non-com-Liissioned officers.