Indianapolis Times, Volume 40, Number 7, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 May 1928 — Page 4

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4 C t. / PPS - H OW ARJ>

So Our Readers May Know Mr. Bovd Gurley, Editor, 'Hie Indianapolis Times. We wish to extend to you and the staff of The Indianapolis Times our congratulations for having been awarded the Pulitzer Prize for the most disinterested and meritorious public service rendered by an American newspaper during the year. Those who dare take the initiative in changing public sentiment, dispelling ignorant, and encouraging voters to act on a high plane that, is above partisanship deserve the support of all those who understand the principles of a democratic society. Your service has been great, but the task is not yet complete, it takes time for the truth to be comprehended and accepted by the masses.. We have confidence to believe that the editorial policy of your will continue to be the beacon light that is needed in our beloved State. Cordially, / RAY S. TRENT, Chairman Executive Committee. MRS. W. S. LOCKHART, Executive Secretary. . Indiana Council on International Relations.

A Tale of Two Smiths Samuel Insull gave liberally to Frahk Smith and started a scandal. William Kenny gave liberally to A1 Smith and started a romance. The story of the Insull contribution barred Frank Lorn the Senate. The story of the Kenny contribution—of the boyhood friends that (began when both were poor and ripened through the years as the one grew rich in business and the other, powerful in politics—becomes a sentimental asset instead of a liability in Al’s presidential campaign. The answer is? There's a difference in Smith's. Ordinarily, as things go in practical politics, if it were revealed'that a contractor had given $70.00(0 to a campaign and intended to give more, the recipient would be ruined. But not so with A1 Smith, in ..the case of Bill Kenny's contribution. The public accepts at face value the contractor's declaration friendship as his sole motive. All of which is a lesson in the tremendous power of a good reputation when once firmly established. During his four terms as Governor, A1 Smith has proved one thing beyond peradventure—that he is honest. Even his enemies admit that now. Every effort to establish the .contrary was tried and found wanting—a long time ago. N Those who did the trying were discredied. And it developed finally that attempting to prove A1 Smith dishonest was a dangerous and unprofitable occupation. So his enemies quit trying. Accordingly, what in the case of another man would be pounced upon as a juicy morsel—the Kenny story—is passed up like a hot brick. The nomination of A1 Smith will bring a bitter attack frem many sources and along many lines. He will be assailed for his wetnegs, for his stand on this and that public question, for he wears his derby and the way he pronounces his words. But his honesty won’t be attacked. Such is the value of a reputation when founded on rock. A Giant Propaganda Mill Cervantes remarked that many go forth after wool and come home themselves shorn. Such, -it would seem, is the experience of the utilities interests in their effort to block an inquiry into their financing and propaganda methods. The joint committee of National Utilities, organized when the Walsh resolution for an investigation of the power industry by the Senate was pending, succeeded ft shunting off the investigation to the Federal Trade Commission. This, it was thought, would prevent a real inquiry. , But thd utilities have been fooled. So far the commission has concerned itself only with propaganda activities and is nowhere near through with this phase. But enough facts have been unearthed to reveal the existence of a gigantic propaganda system extending to every community in the country. This newspaper frequently has criticized the Federal Trade Commission, particularly since the reactionary William E. Humphrey became chairman. If there is any intention to smother the power inquiry, however, it is apparent that Commissioner Edgar A. McCulloch and Chief Counsel Robert E. Healy, who have conducted the investigation so far, are not party to it. It has been shown that the utilities are banded together in national organizations which have spared neither money nor effort to defeat Boulder Dam and - Muscle Shoals legislation, and to combat public owner- . ship and Federal regulation. Fcremost among these is the joint committee and the National Electric-Light Association. With these organizations at the top, “information committees” have been formed in a majority of the States, supported by levies on members. These committees cooperate closely together and with the national organizations in combating legislation and spreading propaganda. The State committees operate along the same lines. One of their chief efforts has been to propagandize the schools. Textbooks have been surveyed, and the removal of those which the utilities did not like has been brought about. Books and pamphlets prepared by the utilities themselves have been planted in the schools for classroom use. The Illinois committee, organized by Samuel L. Insull, was the pioneer in this, and was imitated by Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Ohio. Nebraska, Missouri, lowa and other States. The committees have subsidized colleges, and hired college professors to speak and write for them. They have caused utility courses to be established in colleges throughout the country. They have “cooperated” even to the extent of giving money, with women's clubs They have organized speakers’ bureaus to spread their views, offering to supply a speaker to any organization that wanted one. The State committees invariably publish a “news bulletin,” which is sent to newspapers and frequently to schools. Committee directors report in glowing

The j lndianapolis Times (A SCRITPS-HOWABD NEWSFATER) Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 W. Maryland Street. Indianapolis. Ind. Price in Marlon County. 2 cenis—lo cents a week’ elsewhere, 3 cents—l 2 cents a week. B °rn gurus*. ROY w. Howard] frank c morrison! Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE—MAIN 3500. SATURDAY, MAY 19, 1928. Member of United Press. Scripps-Hpward Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and,the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

terms on th&ir success in having their material usee in news columns and how much good it accomplishes. “Contracts” are maintained with editors and large sums are spent for direct advertising. Back of all this is the direct and personal pressure which it has been shown is exerted on a particular individual when some piece of legislation or other matter is pending. State committees cooperated closely with the national organization to defeat the Walsh resolution and in the Boulder Dam and Muscle Shoals fight. They used their influence locally and there have been repeated instances where the manager of a local utility has been called upon to do his immediate bit. The picture of this gigantic machine, with all \‘f ramifications and its influence on public thought and legislation, is one that the public should,have. It is to be hoped that other angles of the investigation will be conducted with equal diligence. Rich Men's Money Rich men contemplating the establishment of foundations of one kind or another should be interested in the-action of Julius Rosenwald of Chicago.' . • Mr. Rosenwald, in adding $2,000,000 to the Julius Rosenwald fund, bringing it to $20,000,000, stipulated ' that the entire amount must be spent within twentyfive years after his death. Trustees controlling serge funds, Mr. Rosenwald believed, are often not only anxious to conserve their principal, but to add to it from the interest earned. With this he is not in sympathy, for he believes it creates a tendency toward bureaucracy and a formal or perfunctory attitude toward the work undertaken. Mr. Rosenwald’s views lend weight to the criticisms frequently leveled at foundations. It is asserted that vast sums, continually increasing, expended in behalf of the public, tend to exert an influence that is harmful and that restricts natural development. It is claimed that the influence wielded by the foundations frequently reflects the views of the founder, or of conservative men into whose hands the fund has come, and that the life of the community thereby is affected according to their lights, not by the merit of their idea, but by the weight of their mohey. This criticism has \been made of educational foundations. < “Coming generations can be relied lipon to provide for their own needs as they arise,” said Mr. Rosenwald, and he probably is right. The problems and needs of one generation are seldom those of the next. , * ,

Mr. Curtis and the Farmers In a current number of the Saturday Evening Post is an article illustrated by a cartoorj by Herbert Johnson, intended to convince the Post's readers that there nothing really is the matter with the farm industry. The picture shows the farmer with a radio of the expensive type, and other indications of luxury, as well as comfort. The caption says that the farmer seems'to have done about as well as the rest of us. Which is interesting only as showing how far misrepresentation will go when the object is propaganda. The proprietor of the Curtis publications, with his million-dollar yacht, seems timid about letting the people—his readers—know certain facts. Ke probably knows ,what official records show about failure of farm banks. He probably has people in his office who could tell him the figures on foreclosures qn farm mortgages. ) He has heard perhaps of the decrease in population of Northwest States, due to the fact that farmers have been abandoning their farms for the cities. He may have read the annual reports of the Secretary of Agriculture and seen there th<* story of the shrinkage in volume and value of the farm crops. He may have been informed reliably that for seven years the farmer has been raising- and selling his crops at an actual loss. But no. The sole passenger on the million-dollar yacht tells his readers that the farmer has dpne just “about as well as the rest of us.”

[)avid Dietz on Science . Seek Ocean s Secrets No v 54 ,

STUDY of the variations of the compass will,be the chief task of the non-magnetic ship Carnegie which sailed on a three-year cruise May 1. But, as on previous cruises, other important problems will also be studied, and one line of study never before attempted will be added to the program. The new line wifi be oceanography, the study of cqnditions in the ocean. The studies made in the past, in addition to the magnetic ones, have been in the realm of atmospheric

OBStRVA T/Ofi! DOME OA/

cnarge vanes with height and locality. Past observations of the Carnegie in the field of atmospheric electricity have thrown much light on the effect of sun spots upon conditions on earth, on the connection between sun spots and the aurora borealis, or northern lights, and on the connection between sun spots and the so-called magnetic storms which upset the compass needle and throw tables and telegraptf lines out of order. The observations have also thrown light upon some of the conditions which are responsible for the fading of radio signals. Every radio fan is familiar with the phenomenon known as fading. A radio program will be, coming in with considerable volume. Suddenly it fades aw'ay to a whisper. Atmospheric electrical conditions are undoubtedly at the bottom of this fading, although the exact mechanism is not yet known. On the cruise of the Carnegie, special study will be made of the variations in atmospheric electricity. Just as the compass needle goes through a daily variation, the atmospheric electricity does the same. A curious fact is that this fluctuation seems to occur at tl>e same time all over the world. Another task which the Carnegie has accomplished in the pa§t has been.the exact plotting of the loca r tion of little-known islands wlaA were passed in the course of the cruising. wV

KEEPING UP With THE NEWS

WHO sunk the naval building program, and why? This ! question Is asked by both Pacifists and big navy advocates who observe that the administration plans to adjourn Congress within a week, apparently forgetting all about Secretary Wilbur’s demand for seventyone ships. Pacifists put the question in a delighted whisper, because they do not want to remind the navy of what is happening. The navy does not need reminding. It knows, moreover, it is furious. But, strangely, there is no public outcry from Wilbur and the admirals. Gossip has itthat no less a person than the commander-in-chief, President Coolidge, has scuttled those seventy-one paper warships. Otherwise, how explain the uneasy silence of the navy department and tthe “oversight” of the administration leaders ill Congress? On the surface you hear the pacifists are responsible. It i* pointed out that, just as the Wilbur $700,000,000 program was steaming through the House committee, the peace societies and “internationalists,” laid down a barrage of proI tests to Congress which jammed the : mails for days. ' The “biggest naval program in ’history” was met by the “biggest ; protest demonstration in history." When the smoke had cleared away, only fifteen of Wilbur's twen-ty-five paper cruisers were left and a few smaller ships. In that form the bill limped into the Senate committee haven for repairs. And there it has remained ever since. While the world was waiting for the fifteen-cruiser bill to come out and fight its way through the Senate. Secretary Wilbur announced last week he would insist on the original seventy-one ships, including twenty-five cruisers. The logic of such tactics is not clear to outsiders, who say this is the surest way of scrapping the entire program. Though the pacifists are proud of their success in cutting down the program in the House, most of them admit they have not enough power to scuttle it altogether. And the navy would be the last to admit that the peace advocaes had any suen power.

o a a THOSE Who think v President Coolidge is not f unconnected with the apparent plan to postpone the bpilding plan, explain the situation in this manner: (•In a campaign year a goodly tax cut is more than desirable, it is essential. The House passed a $289,000,000 reduction. The President and Treasury department say the cut must not exceed $210,000,000, and now are trying to hold the Senate to that limit. The Democrats and the United States' Chamber of Commerce are demanding $325,000,000 or more. With the flood control bill, the increase in Federal workers’ salaries, and other exceptional appropriations. the administration is in the position of having to choose between no tax cut and -no ships—and apparently p’cks the latter. 2. In peacetime the fighting valile of a navy is less important than its diplomatic or trading valua. The paper plan for a big cruiser program already has had in part the desired effect of forcing Great Britain to cut her cruiser program, though she is still far superior to the United States in such ships. 3. The whole future of naval planning is up in the air because of the possibility, some say probability, that the Washington capital ship limitation treaty will not be renewed. Therefore, some American diplomats think the course of wisdom is to hold the British auxiliary building program as low as possible, with as little expenditure by the United States as 'necessary, until the next naval conference fixes new limitations or destroys all limitations. an u TWO ex-newsboys of Cleveland. the Van Swpringen brothers, owners of the Nickel Plate Railroad, are permitted by an Interstate Commerce Commission decision to merge the Pere Marquette with the Chsapeake & Ohio, but are denied the right to include the Erie in the combine. Objection to the Erie merger “is found in the fact that it would constitute practically an allocation of ap ihiportant New York-Chicago trunk line in advance of the adoption of any general plan for the formation of competitive systems in Eastern territory.” This is taken to mean that the commission is making headway on its long-discussed “general plan.”

e 1 e c t r i c i ty. These consisted of regular observations of the electrical condition of the atmosphere over the oceans. They embraced observations of the electrical potential of the atmosphere, for it is a fact that the atmosphere is at all times electrically charged and that the charge varies

Mr. Fixit Arranges Beautification of Park.

Let Mr. Fixit, The Times’ representative at city hall, present your troubles to city officials. Write Mr. Fixit at, The Times. Names and addresses which must be given wilt not be published. Need for an improved street and walk between Rural and Dearborn Sts., in Brightwood, was cited today in a letter to Mr. Fixit. Dear Mr. Fixit: May I call your attention to a piece of street and sidewalk in Bfightwood between Rural and Dearborn Sts., which is impassable about half the year? This is the only street and walk in this part of Brightwood which is not improved. Can’t we have at least one sidewalk? I am in the grocery busy at Wheeler and Twenty-Second Sts. and the condition of the walks, is a great handicap to my business. Anything you can do for us will be appreciated. READER. Mr. Fixit is powerless to obtain the improvement for you. The board of works will be glad to consider ordering the sidewalks and street if you will present a petition signed by majority of property owners.

Daily Thought

Get thee behind me, Satan— Matt. 16:23. KEEP away from the fire!— Stern?.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Now If the Neighbors Would Just Help Out

f 'I | ' i.L l | ° r wATtS HD Vjfo

THE STORY OF CIVILIZATION Bruno Is Burned Alive by Church Written for The Times by Will Durant

BRUNO speaks rs himself as burning with such fires as not all the snows of Caucasus could quench, he knows his own obstinacy and pride, his own petulance and Irritability have shared in engendering his misfortunes; it has been his pleasure “to take ship on the sea of infinite endeavor,” to be an adventurer in the realm of thought. He suffers, but in some measure he enjoys; he understands that In this struggle of part with part lies the growing ferment o fthe whole. In the end he is destroyed, but only to be taken up into the entire current and spirit of modern thought, his effort not wasted in the least, his soul, in the form of his work and his influence, escvpi.ig the flames that consume his flesh and bones. His wandering continued to .the end. Having offended tin; authorities of Oxford by his partiality for truth, he left England and returned to Paris; gave there an audacious lecture in which he declared it a sign of low mind to wish to think with the majority; passed on into Germany; was denied permission to lecture at Marburg, but was welcomed by the students of Wittenberg, where Luther had stirred the roots around the plants of thought. But again the Calvinists ferreted out his heresies, harassed and denounced him, and drove him to the road once more. We find him in Prague and Helmstadt, honored and feted for a time, hounded by a Lutheran pastor who was not content with Bruno’s definition of religion as the universal love of man; then at Frankfort, teaching and writing every hour of the day; then suddenly in Italy, surrendered to the Inquisition. a a a A YOUNG Venetian nobleman. noblp in everything but reality, had asked him to come tnd be his private instructor in philosophy a r *d letters, at a wage alluring to a man who had starved in many languages, Bruno, impetuous as ever, crosses the border from safety to peril, taught his truth with uncalculating love, and disturbed the soul of the noble fool, who announced to the “Holy Office” (i. e., the Inquisition) that his teacher was a heretic. Bruno discovered his betrayal, as he thought, in time, and secretly made plans to leave Venice the next day; but alas, that very evening the noble Mocenigo entered his room with five, swarthy gondoliers. Bruno was amazed at such disorder; he protested and resisted; but they overpowered him, locked him in a garret, and the next day handed him over to the officers of the Inquisition. Questioned- in the ecclesiastical court he refused to recant his heresies. insisted that there is in infinite number of worlds, that” the earth is not the center of the universe, which has no center at all, that “God is in every blade of grass, in every grain of sand, and in every atom that floats in the sunshine.” The inquisition condemned him, and turned him over to Rome. There he lay in prison for seveiv

Amateur Photography Spring is here; summer is coming; gnd the amateur photographers are getting their kits ready for the pictures ahead. The Times Washington Bureau has just put into print one of its interesting bulletins covering elementary instructions in photography for beginners. \ It tells about types of cameras for various purposes, lenses, proper exposures, developing, printing, enlarging and mounting. If you have never done anything but take snapshots and carry tt film to a photographer to be developed, this bulletin will tell you* ii resting things about how you may carry on all the processes of photography yourself. Fill out the coupon below and send for it. CLIP COUPON HERE * / , AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR, Washington Bureau, Indianapolis Times. 1 1322 New York Avenue. Washington, D. C. I want a copy of the bulletin AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHY and inclose herewith five cents in loose, uncanceled, United States postage stamps, or coin to cover postage and handling costs. NAME STREET AND NUMBER - CITY STATE I am a reader of The Indianapolis Times.

years, broken even to the point of pretending for a moment to recant. But at the final trial he rose to the supreme height which any man cpn reach, and offered himself as a sacrifice that men might become free to think. When they pronounced him guilty, and condemned him .to be burned alive, he answered: "With more fear do you pass this sentence upon me than I receive it.” a a a THE next day was Feb. 16. 1600; it was X time of jubilee; bringingthousands of pilgrims to celebrate the turn of the century in Rome. In the Campo del Fiori.. the Field of Flowers, the pyre was built, and everything made ready for the holiday that would burh a man alive for the sake of Christ. Bruno was brought from prison, haggard and pale, his hands

With Other Editors

Ft. Wayne Journal-Gazette (Democratic) v With many precincts still unreported, at the time this is written, it appears that Frank C. Dailey has received about as many votes for the gubernatorial nomination in the Democratic' primaries as were given altogether for his six opponents. Complete official returns may yet show Mr. Dailey to have been given a majority of all the votes cast and to be the nominee. But whether the small margin between him and the field be maintained or bp wiped out, it is made clear that the nomination of Mr. Dailey is demanded by the Democrats of Indiana and that the State convention next month will not be disposed to ignore a mandate so unmistakable. It is the indefensible right ’of any qualified citizen to seek the governorship of Indiana and to present his claims to the party in' the. primary. There would have been, however, great gain for the Indiana democracy if some of the candidates entered in the Democratic contest had remained out. Os the six candidates besides Mr. Dailey only one made any showing worth whiie. The others got a few thousand votes in each case, but nothing which revealed- them as real contenders for the nomination. If the complete returns do hot show Mr. Dailey to have received a majority , of all the votes, the nomination will go to the State convention, with the leading candidate having almost half of the votes cast and about twice as many as his nearest competitor. That will not argue that the convention should debate very long about what it is to do. The primary vote, even though not decisive in its results, is decisive enough in wliat it points. Gary Post-Tribune " (Independent) One very gratifying result of the recent primary was the defeat of

chained, his feet bare, and stood, with folded arms, amid the faggots that were to consume him. A monk thrust a crucifix before him, but B;uno turned silenty away. As the fire kindled the sun'came out, and mingled its rays with the flames. On that same spot, in the year 1889. a statue rose, against the protests of the Vatican, and through subscriptions from all parts of the world; a statufe to the first great martyr in the modem of liberation. Soon afterward a papal encyclical condemning modern thought was burned by the students of Rome. The church lives on and Bruno is gone; but let us'say to his enemies, in the midst of their triumph, that it is the persecuted who live, and the persecutors who are dead. (Copyright. 1928. Bv Will Durant) (7n Be Continued)

Judge Clarence Dearth by A. L. Guthrie, former mayor of Muncie, for*the Republican nomination for Circuit Judge of Delaware County. It will be recalled that Dearth barely escaped impeachment by the Indiana Senate last year for his treatment of George Dale, editor of a Muncie weekly newspaper. and Dale's newsboys. Dale was within his rights and the people of Delaware County have now voted in favor of a free press. It will be a long time before an Indiana judge again attempts to use the great powers vested in him to preserve the dignity and power of his court in ! order to vent his personal spleen. ' Anderson Herald (Republican) The voters of Delaware County j have voted overwhelmingly to re- | tire Clarence W. Dearth of the | Circuit Court. One vote saved | Dearth in an impeachment trial before the Indiana State Senate one year ago. The Muncie jurist, aspiring for another term, ran- far behind Leonidas A. Guthrie,-the nominee, and less than 500 votes afiead of a third candidate, who was supposed to have been placed in the race in the hope that he uou|d split the Vote in favor of ! Dearth. The result in Delaware County proved again t-ffat the voters, if given time enough, will eventually right the wrong of having elected j incompetent and inferior men to j public office. Dearth was swept | into office on a wave of prejudice which grasped the voters a few years ago. He has been swept out of office by an enlightened citizenry. Charges were brought against j Dearth one year ago, and an effort was made in the Senate, sitting as ! a court of impeachment, to con- | vict him on counts charging that unfair trials had been condted in the Delaware Circuit Court; that hand-picked juries had been selected and that Dearth had otherwise conducted himself in ‘ a manner unbecoming a jurist. The scant margin of one vote saved Dearth on this occasion. The Delaware County voters found against Dearth by the convincing margin o£ 4,506 votes. The record of the Delaware Cir- ! cuit Court has been anything but satisfying. It is claimed that there have been thirty-three Supreme Court reversals on decisions rendered in Dearth’s court. Many moie cases in the Muncie court are now pending in the Supreme Court on appeal. He began the case which resulted in the nowfamous State Supreme Court decisions. “The truth is no defense.’’ The Delaware Circuit Court will command greater respect w-hen the bench is occupied by as able a lawyer as Leonidas A. Guthrie, \7hat portion of metal in an, American penny is copper? Approximately 95 percent is copper and 5 percent tin and zinc, the proportion being about four parts of tin to one of zinc.

MAT 19, 1028

M. E. [TRACY! SAYS: "History Suggests That People Con Have Big Ideas, os Well, as Little Ones, Without Suffering for It, if They Will Only Bb Patient and, Exercise Common Sense.”

THE house of Robert G. Elliott, official executioner of the State of New York, is bombed; “Big Bill” Haywood dies in Moscow, wishing it might have been in the United States; Harry M. Blackmer, the oil magnate, who ran away like “Big Bill,” rather than take his medicine. has moving pictures made of his hoifte and grandchildren in Denver, and Clarence Darrow, who once defended "Big Bill” for murder, dnd who has just won a mistrial for a Missouri bootlegger, says, “I hope it’s my last.” tt tt ft Revengeful Reds What has the official executioner of New York done that his house should be bombed? What did those who planted the bomb expect to gain by it? To answer these questions, one must go deep into the various whims and peculiar slants of the human mind. The Stgte 'of New York writes' capital punishment into its laws and offers good pay for throwing the death switch. The man who throws that switch assumes no responsibility whatsoever, Has no more to do with bringing death to a human being than the switch has! Why should he be singlecj out for punishment? The prevailing theory is that a desire to revenge tjie deaths of Sacco and Vanzatti was back of the bomb. a a a Oppose Violence Men like “Big Bill” Haywood arouse popular fury in the United States, not so much because of the doctrines they’ preach as because of the way they preached. The American people are unalterably opposed to the promotion of ideas by violence and. rightly so. There can be no place for such an order of things in a democracy, the basic principle of which is that change and innovation should be brought about through a peaceful, orderly exchange of ideas. tt tt tt Cramming Ideas Fails Clarence Darrow saic}, when the United Press informed him that “Big Bill" Haywood had passed away. "I aft glad to hear he is dead." “ ‘Big Bill,’ was an able man.” said Darrow, “not much of a philosopher, but a good propagandist. Like all men who have big ideas he was unhappy." Is that last statement true? Does unhappiness go with big ideas. Or does most of it come from an attempt to cram' - ideas down other peoples throats? Sir Isaac Newton had big ideas, and so did Thomas Jefferson, Ben- ! iamin Franklin and hundreds of other fhen who have helped to revolutionize the world. Were they unhappy? Whether big idea's bring unhappiness, seems to depend on whether those who entertain them want to make other people conform by force. There is a deal of difference there, having a big idea and trying lo force its adoption with blackjacks or bullets. History suggests that people cart have big ideas, as well as little ones, without suffering for it, if they will only be patient and exercise common sense. a a a Tack of Nerve for Truth : H. M. Blackmer belongs to the same category as “Big Bill” Haywood. He, too. ran away, rather than take his medicine. More than that, he had less to ran away from. Blackmer had not even been sentenced by a court, and the chances are that he would not have been had he remained and done his duty like a man. "Big Bill” Haywood said that ha chose exile because he felt that his sentence of twenty-five years was equal to death, that he could not stand even as much as five years behind the bars, that he was accustomed to a life in the open and that he could not bear the thought of confinement. Blackmer’s alibi is much thinner* than that. He chose exile, not to escape confinement, not because hq feared what seemed certain death, but because he lacked the nerve to stand up and tell the truth.

Questions and Answers

You can set an answer to an? answerable question of fact or information by writing to Frederick M. Kerbv. Que'tlon Editor. The Indianapolis Times, Washington Bureau. 1322 New York Ave., Washington. D. C.. enclosing two cents In stamps for reply. Medical and legal advice cannot be given, nor can extended research be made. All other auestions will receive n personal replv. Unsigned requests cannot be answered. All leters are confidential You are cordially Invited to make use of this free service as often as vou please. EDITOR. How does the weight of a pound of feathers differ from that of a pound of gold or lead? Lead and feathers are weighed by avoirdupois scale with 7,000 grains to a pound. All precious metals are weighed by troy scale in which a potmd contains 5,760 grains. A pound of gold, there fore, is lighter than a pound of feathers or lead. How many Chinese students are there in the United States?^ * In 1893 there were 646 Chinese students receiving support from the Pekl gnovernment out of funds releases by the United States from the Boxer Indemnify and about 1,000 other Chinese students in the United States What is the address of Madame Ernestine Schumann-Heink? 800 Orange Ave.„ Coronado, Cal.