Indianapolis Times, Volume 40, Number 5, Indianapolis, Marion County, 17 May 1928 — Page 4

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The Birds Flock Aside from the amusing and not very important fight between Senators Watson and Eobinson for control of the State committee of the Republican party in Indiana, the interest of voters will find more importance in the incidentals. It is true that the old Stephenson boys, believing that they had obtained a deed to the party, tried to move in bodily. It is true that Robinson, hurrying from Washington, believed that he came as a triumphant Napoleon to an empire of power. He wanted to make his empire not invisible but yery visible. It is also true that some of the boys from the sticks who have some regard for the election of their county tickets rather hesitated to advertise the control of George V. Coffin so openly and patently. Secret control is different. Only two important things happened at the meeting. The election of a chairman was not one of these. The committee is still in control of the same influences that disgraced Indiana. One of the significant happenings was the fact that it was George V. Coffin, freed from indictment for bribery by the intervention of the statute of limitations, who led Robinson into the committee room after the caucus. The Senator still flocks with his own kind of birds. The other was the fact that the State committee has arranged for a speech by Governor Ed Jackson at the State convention next week. Here is either a piece of moron bravado or the most blatant defiance of public conscience. Governor Jackson, even though two months have passed, will be remembered for the plea of the statute of limitations made in his behalf on a charge of attempting to bribe Warren T. McCray when Governor to name a vassal of George Coffin as prosecuting attorney. It is quite probable that had the bribe been taken, the selection would not have been the man named in the first instance. But it would have been a Coffin man, good “for ten thousand votes in the primaries.” Every decent Republican in the State has demanded his resignation. The churches, the civic organizations, the aroused conscience has said that he should resign. The history of that case may well be recalled, for it was The Times which exposed the incident. The charge, as substantiated by evidence of credible witnesses at the Jackson trial showed that Jackson, then secretary of State, met with George V. Coffin and summoned the paymaster of the political division of the KuKlux Klan and asked for SIO,OOO with which to bribe McCray. The evidence showed that the trio first sent Fred Robertson, closest friend of McCray, to the then Governor and told him of the offer and linked the money with the further offer of immunity before any jury, State or Federal, on charges which were then pending and which were to send McCray to a prison cell. The evidence showed that McCray refused to surrender, even under such conditions, the State of Indiana to the powers of evil, and refused. The evidence showed that following this refusal Jackson himself went to McCray and repeated the offer and, when refused, returned stealthily later in the day and suggested that he could put the money in the desk while the Governor was out of the office. The evidence showed that after the first Jackson refusal, Stephenson, then fighting with Evans for the control of the organization of hate, went to the attorney for McCray and repeated the offer. That was the evidence which was before a jury when attorneys for Jackkson pleaded the statute of limitations and secured the freedom of their client. This is the man selected by the committee to address the convention of Republican delegates. Well, the birds are still flocking together. The decent citizens of the State,- after these two incidents, ought to have little difficulty iff choosing a course compatible with conscience. Lest We Forget In the rush of other events, it should not be overlooked that a week has passed since John D. Rockefeller Jr. called for the resignation of Col. Robert W. Stewart, chairman of the board of the Standard Oil of Indiana. And that Stewart is still chairman of the board. Muscle Shoals —At Last! Congress disposes of Muscle Shoals—by keeping it. The one sensible solution that has stared Congress in the face ever since Muscle Shoals became a national problem finally has been accepted. Disposi- ' tion of the great power project built during the war ought never have become a problem, of course, but the private power interests of the country made it that. Year after year they have fought to prevent the adoption of a straight-out policy of government ownership and operation. Three things, in the end, defeated them. One was the nature of the bids for the project

The Times (A SCRirPS-HOIVARD NEWSPAPER) - Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-220 W. Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 cents—lo cents a weekelsewhere, 3 cents—l 2 cents a week. BOY ? J 9 URLEY * ROY W. HOWARD. FRANK G. MORRISON. Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE—MAIN 3500. THURSDAY. MAY 17, 1928. Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

made by the several concerns that sought to obtain it. These ranged from the ridiculous to the outrageous. Few Congressmen were so dense as not to see the absurd nature of most of the bids. Another was the very intensity of the battle waged against government operation. How vicious and dangerous this attack has been just is coming to be understood, as a result of the inquiry of the Federal Trade Commission into the propaganda of the private public utility organizations. The reaction against this propaganda undoubtedly has had an effect contrary to that its promoters intended. Those two things and a third—the unrelenting purpose of one George W. Norris, senior Senator from Nebraska, that the Government should not give away this valuable people’s property. Os the three, perhaps this last named was most important of all. It was Norris who kept the one sensible solution staring Congress in the face, session after session. It was his clear mind that found the weakness in each private proposal that came before House and Senate. It was his alertness that prevented one deception after another from succeeding. In the end it was his reasonableness that prevailed. A strange episode in American political and economic history it has been. Throughout the country during the greater part of the time that Muscle Shoals has been an issue, only the Scripps-Howard newspapers, among important publications, have insisted on some such action as that now taken by Congress. Like the Nebraska Senator, these newspapers have had no other interest than a desire to prevent the spoliation of public resources for private profit. Common sense would not permit the handing over to any interest of a project that had cost upward of $150,000,000 of the people’s money and we have urged that common sense should be the deciding factor. Now we are pleased on our own account, on Senator Norris’ account and on the people’s account. The people of the Southeastern States are given opportunity to obtain cheap power and the people of other States opportunity to measure their local power and light costs by those to be demonstrated by the Government at Muscle Shoals. As Pekin Totters With the fall of Pekin now seemingly only a question of hours, the Chinese Nationalists will have won their fight against the war lords of the North—Chang Tso-Lin and his henchmen. But their real battle only will have begun—the battle to preserve their own unity. There is very real danger that they may have to curb some of their own war lords before their aim of a unified China stands definitely accomplished. While Gen. Chiang Kai-Shek officially Is the com-mander-in-chief of the Nationalist forces, he has an equally powerful ally, Marshal Feng Yu-Hsiang, known the world over as the “Christian General.” Feng commands his own personal army. With Chiang’s division it is converging on Pekin. It forms Chiang’s left wing. Behind the scenes people are asking what will the “Christian general” do in the hour of victory? Some three years ago he was the ally of Marshal Wu Pei-Fu against the same Manchu gentleman the Nationalists now are opposing, the dictator Chang Tso-Lin. Just as Wu was on the point of administering a crushing blow against Chang at the great wall of China, the “Christian general” back-tracked to Pekin, occupied the capital, and left Wu to cope with Chang alone. Chang got off Scot free, and Wu went into oblivion. For the sake of China and the Chinese people, and for the sake of the Nationalist cause, now China’s one promise of new and better days, we hope Marshal Feng, this time, will stay put. If and when Pekin falls, we trust he will spare us any such antics. For the first time in years China stands a chance to have a government which will be representative of both North and South. It would be a pity—and do the country and the Nationalists incalculable harm - were some self-seeking war lord to spoil it. David Dietz on Science The Compass Is Erratic No. 52 THE non-magnetic ship Carnegie will be performing a service for the whole world when it makes ; its three-year cruise of the oceans to map variations | of the compass needle and make other scientific studies. For ever since mariners began to use compasses, they have been troubled by the fact that the compass needle is not constant, but varies as the ship passes from one part of the ocean to another. The odd behavior of the compass needle was first j noticed by Columbus on his trip across the Atlantic.

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netic pole and not the North Pole itself. The north magnetic pole is just inside the Arctic circle, a little north of Hudson Bay and about 1,000 from the North Pole itself. Asa result, the compass needle points directly north only on 1 a line which runs through Michigan, Ohio, Eastern Kentucky, Tennessee and South Carolina. That is because this liny passes through both the north magetic pole and the North Pole. In all parts of the United States east of this line, the compass points a little west of north. In all parts west of this line, the needle points a little east of north. The extremes of variation in the United States are found in the States of Maine and Washington. In Maine, the needle points 20 degrees west of true north. In Washington, it points 25 degrees east of north. A further difficulty in the use of the compass is due to the fact that the north magnetic pole is not upon the surface of the earth, but, apparently, inside the earth. The result is that the compass needle never comes to rest in a horizontal position, but instead dips downward. This dip is known as the inclination. The farther north one goes, the greater the dip. At the north magnetic pole it is 90 degrees, for there the needle points straight down. The Carnegie will study the dip of the needle as well as the direction.

KEEPING UP With THE NEWS

BY LUDWELL DENNY OLD George W. Norris straightened up and smiled, a little wearily. “Yes, I think we will win now,” he said. All the hope and discouragement and reborn hope of seven years | fight against the “power trust” was 'in the voice of the Senator from l Nebraska. He had saved Muscle Shoals “for the Government and the people.” The House unexpectedly had passed a bill for Government operation, similar to the measure he dragged from an unwilling Senate. You might have seen him in almost any session during these years, standing there alone on the Senate floor, pleading for the right of the people to retain this giant power project in Alabama, explaining that the future of the country depends largely on control of cheap electricity. You wondered about this quiet man with kindly eyes and firm mouth, whom everyone trusted, but with whom so few agreed. What a splendid fight he is making, but how futile, you thought. As great corporations reached out for Muscle Shoals—an Alabama Power Compaany, a Ford, an American Cyanamid Company—he too, came to feel his struggle was hopeless. He couldn’t stop, though. He was without personal ambition. He went on, asking no reward. But finally he decided the people for whom he was fighting did not care. Then he was ready to quit, to get out of public life. a a a VX/'HEN election time came around again, he did not want to run. His friends insisted. He reluctantly permitted them to use his name. But he would not campaign. The voters rallied anyway, sending him back to the Senate. Encouraged, he took up the struggle against the power lobby again. -By this time, his mastery of the subject, his disinterestedness, his tenacity, had won converts. More senators came over to his side. The power lobby got excited. Its wire-pulling and propaganda became too apparent even to Washington, which is used to that sort of thing. A Senate investigation was demanded. The ’lobby had spent money improperly in the primaries, it had tried to Influence members of Congress, it had propaganda colleges, women’s clubs, the press, it had brought pressure in high places, senators charged. After strenuous efforts, the lobby t'oeked the Senate investigation, shunting the inquiry to the less hostile Federal trade commission. But public sentiment at last was aroused. The commission investigation went on, substantiating most of the Senate charges against the “trust.” tt 19 tt • j IN this atmosphere yesterday, the House passed the amended Norris bill for Federal manufacture of 1 powder at Muscle Shoals, giving States and municipalities first call upon the product. The House bill eliminates a second Senate provision for Government manufacture of fertilizer for farmers, and substitutes manufacture of fixed nitrofien, a raw material for fertilizer and explosives. Cove Creek, said to be the best dam site in the Tennessee basin, also may be developed by the Government under the bill. Norris expects a satisfactory measure to be worked out by the Senate and House conferees, who must now reconcile the two forms of the bill. Even though the President vetoes the bill—which is not believed likely, despite his past opposition— Norris thinks ultimate victory is now assured. n u tt “HTHIS questionable work, this M making fools of professors and superintendents, and this crime committed against youth has been done by publicity committees, and the real business men have been in ignorance of what was going on, j just as you and I have been in ignorance of it all.” This is from a letter by J. W. Crabtree, secretary, National Educational Association, to lowa educators, regarding Federal trade commission revelations of “power trust textbooks” slipped Into public schools and colleges. a a a WITH early adjournment as the \ incentive, the House yester- j day, In addition to adopting the ] Muscle Shoals measure, passed a j host of minor bills, while the Senate I passed the Federal pay increase bill, 1 authorized investigation of the New Jersey primary, and adopted final : reports on shipping and farm relief j bills. ’ BRIDGE ME ANOTHER 1 (Copyright. 1928. by The Ready Rcterence Publishing Company) BY W. W. WENTWORTH (Abbreviations: A—ace: K—king: Q—nueen: J—jack; X—any card lower than 10.) 1. Against a trump play, oppe- - r.ents not having bid, what does an opening lead of an £ or 9 indicate? 2. Opponent bids initially one noj trump. Second hand holds: Diamonds —A KQ J 10; Hearts— XX: ! Clubs—X XX; Spades—X XX. i What should he bid? 3. Opponent bids no-trump: second hand holds; Diamonds—A K Q !J 10 XX X X; Spades—X X; Hearts—X; Clubs—X. What should he bid? The Answers 1. Singleton or doubleton. 2. Pass. 3. Four diamonds. j Daily Thought It is good for us to be here.— Matt. 17:4. • • • THE wise man becomes full of good, even if he gather it little by little.—Buddha.

His sailors, history books tell us, were very greatly alarmed by the behavior of the needle and Columbus had to invent a story to allay their fears. The variation of the needld from an exact north and south position is due to the fact that the compass needle points to the north mag-

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

EVERYWHERE men were beginning to ask questions, to raise doubts; and now not only among the clergy, but among the peopl#; not only did skepticism, even materialism, find voice in the writings of the archbishop, Bernardino Telesio: but plain people like Pomponazzi announced the end of Christianity—it was merely necessary- he added, to “speak like the crowd while thinking like the few.” Endangered by speaking the thoughts of the few. Pomponazzi explained that he held these opinions only as a philosopher; as a Christian he still accepted all the teachings of the church. A wit described him as puzzling St. Peter, who, when Pomponazzi faced him, did not quite know whether to damn him or not; Pomponazzi explained again that his heresies were spoken only as a philosopher, and that as a Christian he remained quite orthodox. “Very well, then,” said St. Peter, “let him be burned as a philosopher.” In the case of Vanini the church did not wait for Peter; it led the young heretic gently to the stake. In vain he protested his earnest belief in a personal diety. and his reverence for Christianity; he was condemned by a divided court; he was drawn through the streets on a hurdle, clad only in a shirt, with a placard on his shoulders denouncing him as an atheist; his tongue was torn out, and he was burned alive in the name of God. "The infamy of having rendered science and philosophy abortive in Italy when its early show of blossom was so promising," says Symonds, “falls upon the popes and princes of the last half of the sixteenth century.” tt tt tt CONCEIVE then the courage it. must have taken Bruno, aged 28, and already thirteen years a

W O R M_ ~W~ O R N TORN _T U_ R N BURN BARN BARK _B A__C

1. The idea of letter golf is to change one word to another and do it in par, or a given number of, strokes. Thus, to change COW to HEN in three strokes, COW, HOW, HEW HEN. 2. You can change only one letter at a time. 3. You must have a compelte word of common usage for each jump. Slang words and abbreviations don’t count. 4. The order of letters can not be changed.

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THE STORY OF CIVILIZATION Rulers Banish Bruno From Cities Written for The Times by Will Durant

“The Dawes Plan ”

monk, to leave his monastery and face a hostile world friendless anu destitute. One sees him passing out of the gates, with no baggage but a few books that pity had permitted him to take; one sees him trudging along the road pondering now no airy metaphysic, but the problems of bread and butter, and shelter against the night. He works his way to a seaport, and takes a ship for Genoa; but at Genoa civil war and pestilence arc in the saddle, and he hurries on wearily to Noli, a little town hanging down from the mountains into the sea. There he teaches grammer to some children, in return for something to eat; but burning with ambition, he must also lecture to some curious adults on the new-fangled astronomy of Copernicus; in a little while he is banished and is on the road again. He passes to Turin, finds the Jesuits in power and continues on to Venice, at the very time when Titian and fifty thousand others are dying of the plague. He turns back to Padua; and thence sick at heart of his native land, finds his way over the mountains into Switzerland. Geneva, like himself, had rebelled against the church, here he will find safety and peace. On the contrary he finds there only another dogma, even harder than the Catholicism that has lost its leniency in terror of the spreading reformation. Calvin has announced anew gospel, a hundred times more absurd than the old; and none who rejects it can remain safe in Geneva; Servetus, who had questioned it, has been burned at the stake. o a a BRUNO goes to Lyons, and thence to Toulouse; for a time he teaches philosophy there in the uni-

Questions and Answers

You can get an answer to any answerable question of fact or information by writing to Frederick M. Kerb'. Question Editor, The Indianapolis Tin es, Washington Bureau. 1322 New ' - ork Ave., Washington, D. C.. enclosing two cents in stamps for reply. Medical and le?al advice cannot be give i, nor can exended research be made. All other auestlons will receive a personal reply. Unsigned requests cannot be answered. All leters are confidential. You are cordially Invited to make use of this tree service as often as you please. EDITOR. How many eggs does an individual fly deposit at one time? The number laid at one time is from 120 to 159 and a single female will usually deposit two and sometimes four batches of eggs. The eggs are deposited below the surface in the cracks and interstices of the manure, several females usually depositing in one spot so that the eggs commonly are found in large clusters in selected places near the top of the pile where a high degree of heat is maintained bythe fermentation below. The second batch of eggs is laid from eight to ten days after the first. The eggs usually hatch in less than twenty-four hours. What percentage of those drafted for service in the World War were rejected for physical deficiencies? Nearly one-third of those who were examined for the selective draft between the ages of 18 and 40, were rejected on account of some defect and about 40,000 were refused admission to the army or navy on account of some developmental defect to malnutrition in childhood. They were deficient either in height, weight, chest measurement or muscular development. How does a dinner jacket differ from a dress coat? It differs from the formal evening coat by having no tails and is held in front by one button at the waist line. The lapels are faced and the collar left in cloth, or if it is the shawl type, the whole collar is of satin. How did the custom of greeting with a handshake arise? It is a primitive custom founded upon the principle of self defense. If one savage wished to prove his friendship for another, he advanced with his right hand extended in

versity; but civil war breaks out, Hugeno and Catholics hunt one another, and Bruno, suspected by both, passes on. In 1581, he is in Paris, lecturing under his own auspices in a little hall, and arousing attention at once by the billiance of his speech and the novelty of his views. The university offers him a chair in philosophy, on condition that he will attend mass regularly; he refuses the condition and the^chair. King Henry 111 asks to see him, and is so astounded at Bruno’s powers of memory that he suspects him of magic and intercourse with the devil. But he gives Bruno a letter of introduction to the French ambassador in London; and in 1583, prodded on with wanderlust, Bruno makes his way to England. He talks to Queen Elizabeth, who delights to show him her knowledge of Italian; he basks in high society, meeting Sir Philip Sydney and (perhaps) Sir Francis Bacon. He lectures at Oxford, defeats another jealous lover of wisdom in a debate, and is at the height of his curve. What is it in his teaching that arouses such interest, and such hostility? First of all, his complete acceptance of the Copernican point of view; in this he stands at the very beginning of modern thought, at the somxe of a broadening stream that will sweep everything before it in the nineteenth century. There are an infinite number of worlds, he says, each world with its central sun, its planets and satellites; ours is but a fragment of the cosmos, not the center of things; we must think now in immeasurably larger terms than before, and conceive God in a fashion worthy of a Copernican universe. (Copyright, 1928. by Will Durant) (To Be Continued)

greeting. Thus with his weapon hand empty he could not be dangerous. The other man who wished to respond to his greeting in turn stretched out his right hand. The clasp betokened understanding and mutual trust. That was the beginning of the social handshake. Should “nor” or “or” be used with the word “neither”? “Neither” is used with “nor”; “either” with “or.” These are coordinate conjunctions and must connect co-ordinate clauses. Each is accompanied by a singular nominative and must be followed by a singular verb. The following is correct: “Neither he nor I was there.” Who was the wife of Cain? All that is known of her is contained in the 4th chapter, 16th and 17th verses of Genesis. Since the Bible does not state and there is no other source of information no one knows who she was or from whence she came. Are freckles hereditary? They are not hereditary. They result from an increase of coloring matter in the epidermis and may either be inborn or caused by discoloring from an external source such as strong sunlight. Is cole slaw or cold slaw correct? Cole slaw is correct. What does “Kismet mean? The word is Persian and is used by Mohammedans for “fate” or “destiny.” This Date in U. S. History May 17 1672—Joliet and party started to explore the Mississippi River. 1774—Rhode Island proposed a general congress of the colonies. 1776—Washington learned that the English were landing 17,000 hired Hessian soldiers in Canada. 1838—Pro-slavery mobs destroyed Pennsylvania hall in Philadelphia,

MAY 17, 1928

M. E. TRACY SAYS: “Prosperity Is the Hardest Issue the Democrats Have to Meet, Not That the People Believe an Administration Makes It, but They Are Always More or Less Afraid That a Change Might Spoil It.”

GOVERNOR SMITH’S candidacy has had a far different effect on the prohibition issue than soma peofle hoped and more expected. Instead of letting the Democratic party in for a bitter and, perhaps, ruinous controversy, it has tended to pour oil on the troubled waters. Democrats are worrying much less over the prohibition issue than they were six months ago. But the Democrats are not yet out of the swamp. Governor Smith has remained wisely silent and dry sections have shown their appreciation by giving him delegates. The one thing that remains is to write a platform that will square with the situation. Considering his record and what millions of people have been led to believe, it would be asking a good deal of, Governor Smith to offer him a straight out prohibition plank. It would be asking quite as much of the South to offer that section a modification plank. Small wonder that some of the party’s best minds have found no answer to the riddle, or that they should heave sighs of relief now that the Women's Democratic Union has shown them what it is. Just declare that prohibition is not a party measure, advises this organization, because it was not passed as a party issue, but let all candidates tell how they stand on it. Refreshingly honest, as the New York World points out, but something of a sidestep, nevertheless, and leaving considerable room for doubt as to what the party might do, no matter how its candidates express themselves. a it Dry Issue on Shelf With prohibition thus nicely laid or. ihe shelf, where are we to turn J ot/ an issue, except to business, or the tariff, both of which mean r.bout the same thing, and does business, or the tariff look any better for the Democrats than modification of the Volstead act? In its latest report, the Federal Reserve Board says that business is looking up, that unemployment is growing less and that trade is increasing in several major lines. As though that were not enough, the stock market continues bullish, with the auto industry out in front, just as it has been for the last few weeks, even though Studebaker and Fackard have taken the spotlight away from General Motors. Prosperity is the hardest issue the Democrats have to meet, not that the people believe an administration makes it, but they are always more or less afraid that a change might spoil it. a . a tt World Competition Business has become the biggest factor not only in domestic politics, but in international affairs. Practically every great controversy in the world centers around it today. What has been at the bottom of our disturbed relations with Mexico for the lost fifteen years; what sends Americans to Nicaragua, or China, and yells for the marines when there is trouble; what induces one great oil company to sign contracts with soviet Russia and another great oil company to denounce the practice as *disloyal? What is responsible for the lavish manner in which the king and queen of Afghanistan have been entertained at London and Moscow; what causes Ford to develop a rubber plantation in Brazil and England to adopt heroic mear.res for the growing of cotton in Africa; what makes Japan and European countries determined to get control of ports on the Asiatic coast? U, S. for United China Like the Monroe Doctrine, the “integrity of China” has come to form a traditional part of our foreign policy. More than that, both are designed to serve the same purpose. The United States wants no further expansion of the European colonial system, either in eastern Asia or South America. Having stood for a united China through thick and thin, It goes without saying that the United States could not recognize mora than one Government in her territory at a time. There may be some question as to whether the United States should have recognized the Nationalists, or the Pekin crowd to begin with, but there can be no question as to the inconsistency of recognizing both. It was fear of Red propaganda and a determination to squelch Red sympathizers that led our State Department to turn its back on the Cantonese and swap favors with that dear old bandit, Marshal Chang-Tso-Lin. No one in our State Department seems to have been impressed by the perfectly obvious idea of edging Russia out by proving that this country could be a better friend. That, perhaps, required too much imagination. At any rate, we ran away from the issue, instead of meeting it, and talked of Bolshevist intrigues in South China, just as we did a little later of thosa in Central America. But fate is repairing our blunder. The Nationalists have not only freed themselves from the red trademark, but have'gained strength while doing so, and are now moving against) Pekin with some 300,000 men. In spite of alleged Russian influence, radical plots and freak moves, Qur State Department is gradually realizing that the Nationalist movement represents tha one sane hope of a United China, and that the most immediate problem is to dissuade some of its impulsive leaders from antagonizing Japan by inexcusable and profitless acts of violence,