Indianapolis Times, Volume 40, Number 3, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 May 1928 — Page 4

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The New PilGt Tomorrow the Republican State committee will reorganize and select anew pilot. Sitting this year as a member of the State committee for the first time will be George V. Coffin in person. In the clean-up campaign in Indiana he has been promoted from the mere county chairmanship of Marion County and now has the courage to step out into the open in State affairs. It is true that only a very few weeks ago he was indicted with Governor Ed Jackson for conspiracy to bribe Warren T. McCray when Governor. It is true that Governor Jackson escaped punishment by an appeal to the statute of Limitations after witnesses had testified to his guilt. It is a matter of record that the Governor announced that as soon as the case of Coffin was settled, he would present to the public the evidence he wanted to present to prove his own innocence—but that as yet, although weeks have passed, there has been rj announcement. The indictment against Coffin has been dismissed on a statement of Prosecutor Remy that there was no more evidence of actual concealment in the case of Coffin than there was in the case of Jackson and that therefore he would not take up the time or the money of the State in placing Coffin on trial. There is no record of protest from Coffin against securing his own liberty under these rather humiliating terms. If the Republican party in the State is in the mood to approve and indorse all that has gone on, the State committee should not be content to have Coffin as a mere member. He should be chief. It is true that he does not represent the sentiment of Marion County Republicans. His most arduous efforts to advance Senator Watson resulted in the defeat of his close organization, in control of all election machinery, by the unorganized forces that supported Mr. Hoover. His victory for Updike is, of course, an evidence of the power of his machine and the fact that those who came into power with Stephenson still ride high and handsome. The rule of the “dotted line” in politics does not seem to have been erased in Republican circles. There may be some effort at the convention to introduce a candidate for Governor who has had no active connection with the crowd, but who would be grateful and amiable in the matter of patronage. But the real test is the character of the organization. The State committee will vote with or against George V. Coffin, who personifies all that the State has come to regard as an evil. If it is to be a rule of Coffin, why not put him out in front, where all may see and know ? Boycott May Bar War In 1915, when the western world was tom by war, Japan took advantage of the turmoil among the whites and issued her twenty-one Remands on China. In return, she got a bitter taste of boycott. The Chinese government was foxy. It did no? view with alarm openly, or threaten resistance. For the government knew that China was incapable of military defens^. The demands had been delivered in secret. President Yuan Shih-Kai allowed them to leak out. They reached America as news. In the course of time they got back to China—as news. Spontaneously the boycott started. Japan then, as now, was dependent in a largs degree on China as her market. A nation of 60,000,000 population, growing at the rate of nearly a million a year, and hedged off by exclusion acts throughout the white world, Japan must rely on China, both as her source of raw material and as her outlet for finished manufactured products. That is what the present* trouble is all about. And that is what the twenty-one demands were issued for thirteen years ago—in hope of complete economic and political control over a vast territory and a vast people. The Chinese proved themselves the natural masters of the boycott. So effective was the relation that pressure at home immediately set in—against the Japanese government that had issued the demands. The manufacturers and the merchants of Japan, finding their Chinese market cut off, cried out against the move that had been made. And the twenty-one demands fell largely of their own weight. The 1915 situation is analogous to the present Bitterness against Japan has been fired by the sending of troops to Shantung. If it were conceivable that we depended on Nicaragua as our main commercial outlet, we would today be confronting a trade condition similar to the one that is almost certain to develop from the present Japanese-Chinese hostilities. Retaliation by boycott is inevitable. And therein rests the greatest hope against the formal declaration of war. Barring a massacre, or some other event that would make both peoples see red and forget all consideration of economics, it is likely that history will repeat, and instead of a war declaration, that pressure back home against the policy of an imperialistic premier will bring a withdrawal, as similar pressure helped to do la 1915. Dry agents are to use their guns only in self-de-fense, according to orders from Washington. The same holds good for the rest of us.

The “Indianapolis Times (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-220 W. Maryland Street. Indianapolis. Ind. Price in Marion County, 2 cents—lo cents a week; elsewhere, 3 cents—l 2 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. FRANK G. MORRISCN. Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE—MAIN 3500. TUE3DAY, IjIAY 15, 1928. Member ol United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”

A Message to Owen D. Young “American business is jealous of its good name, insists upon protecting its professional status by maintenance of the highest standards, and intends scrupulously to discharge its collective responsibilities. “Chief among such responsibilities is that of purging business of all those who indulge In commercial and political corruption, and through resort to unclean or unworthy practices bring business into disrepute and shock the sensibilities of all decent citizens ” The above is from resolutions adopted by the Chamber of Commerce of the United States. Presiding at the meeting was Owen D. Young, chairman of the board of the General Electric Company. Now it chances that, of all men engaged in the electrical industry in this country, Owen D. Young is the most influential. And, with the general public, he bears the reputation of being a personal exemplification of the spirit of the resolution quoted. He symbolizes the new business philosophy that is the antithesis of the old be-damned system of dealing vfith the public. It is therefore fitting that this particular message should be directed to him. The so-called power trust is under investigation. It has been revealed that certain utility organizations have been engaged in an altogether Indefensible invasion of the public schools and colleges and universities; that teachers and textbook authors have been subsidized; that attempts have been made to start courses in colleges, the purpose of which was to teach at public expense, and under the guise of legitimate education, the glories of private and the dangers of public ownership. Education is a seeking after truth. It can have no relationship with subsidized special pleading—and be education. Such attempts as have been made, to camouflage, in the name of education, propaganda for one side in a great controversy do not, to put it mildly, fall within the zone of proper business conduct. On the contrary, they can most fittingly be characterized by the language of the Chamber of Commerce resolution as “unclean and unworthy practices.” A condition therefore has arisen almost simultaneously with the declaration of principles that gives opportunity for the application thereof—and by one best qualified to speak. Occupying as he does a position of such great influence in the electrical industry, and having been chairman of the organization which issued the creed, Owen D. Young now should act in a way that can and will stop these furtive practices in insidious propaganda. As John D. Rockefeller Jr. stepped into the oil situation, Young should address the black sheep among the utilities. By so doing he will prove that the resolutions were something more than mere words; that those who proclaim the new creed of industrial righteousness intend to practice what they preach. Oil has poisoned politics. Power must not be permitted to pollute education. No other industry has such great present and potential influence on the lives and comfort of human beings as has power. The question of private or public ownership is a Complicated one. It is a debatable one. If the advocates of private ownership can prove their side of the case to be best, they are entitled to win. If they cannot, they should lose. But the contest should be in the open. The cards should be on the top of the table. There should be no dealing from the bottom. And that is what has been going on. China and Japan are at war. The Chinese probably will be favorites In the betting; they certainly have had enough practice.

Dietz on Science A Columbus of Today No. 50

CAPT. J. P. AULT was in charge of the nonmagnetic ship Carnegie when it started down the Potomac River on May 1, for a three-year cruise of five oceans. According to present plans, before the Carnegie returns to Washington, it will have traveled more than 100,000 miles, crossing every latitude from Spitzbergen on the north to the anarctic ice fields on the south. The Carnegie is referred to as a non-magnetic ship because, with the exception of a small amount of iron

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to the North Pole but to a point some distance from the North Pole and known as the north magnetic pole. But this statement is only generally true. In all parts of the .world, there are fluctuations in the behavior of the compass needle. The needle points a little to the east or to the west of the true north, depending upon the locality. Moreover, the needle swings back and forth in the course of twenty-four hours, altering its position with the time of the day. This and other peculiarities in the behavior of the compass needle make it highly imperative that navigators have charts as exact as it is possible to make them. The Carnegie was built to make charts and studies of the earth’s magnetic field. It carries delicate measuring instruments whose precision would be upset by any iron or steel near them. The Carnegie was built in 1909. The cruise started May 1 is the seventh in its history. In the past it has covered 253,000 miles in its cruising around the world, qp and down the various oceans. This is the fourth expedition commanded by Capt. Ault. He was in charge of the third, fourth and sixth cruises. A staff of seven scientists and a crew of seventeen men accompanies Capt. Ault. The Carnegie is equipped with radio, both as a means of keeping in communication with the world and a means of studying radio phenomena upon the oceans.

BRIDGE ME ANOTHER j (Copyright, 1928, by The Ready Reference Publishing Company) BY W. W. WENTWORTH

(Abbreviations: A—ace: K—king: Q—queen; .T—jack; X—any card lower than 10.) 1. First hand bids one spade. Second hand passes. What should third hand bid when holding; Spades— XXX; hearts—X XX; diamonds —X X; clubs—A QXX X? 2. First hand bids one spade. Second hand passes. What should third hand bid holding: Spades—A X; hearts—X X; diamonds—K Q X; clubs—Q JXX XX? 3. Hearts are trumps. Seven cards, diamonds and trumps, have already been played and opponents trumps have been exhausted. The declarer now holds: Spades—X; hearts—X; clubs—X XXX. Dummy holds spades—K Q J 10; clubs—A X. How should the declarer play? The Answers 1. .Pass. 2. Pass. 3. Play spades until you force the A of spades and then discard losing clubs on spades.

This Data in U. S. History

May 15 1775—Congress voted to establish federal posts from Maine to Georgia. 1775 Issuance of paper money was authorized by Congress to avoid taxation. 1776 Congress called on the States to form separate governments and suppress all royal authority. 1776—Virginia convention instructed Its delegates in Congress to vote for independence. 1847—U. S. Army entered Puebla, Mexico. 1862—Congress established the Department of Agriculture.

Let Mr. Flxlt. The Times' representative at city hall, present your troubles to city officials. Write Mr. Flxlt at The Times. Names and addresses which must be given will not be published. Need for elimination of "jogs” at street comers was cited today In a letter from a north side booster. Dear Mr. Fixit: I have often heard Indianapolis referred to as “no mean city,” and the slogan has never appealed to me as I’ve never heard anyone say it was mean. A more fitting name would be the “jog city” as there certainly are plenty of joggy slreets. We all know how unsightly and dangerous they are but the city still permits them in new sections of the city. This is particularly true in the new Butler University district at Fairview. “We pay the highest taxes in the city. The Fairview district will be a classy neighborhood some day with the Butler buildings the show places of Indianapolis. “The streets leading thereto should be straight and wide but Forty-Ninth St. at Boulevard Place already has a jog and we understand the same thing will happen at Forty-Seventh St. and Hinsley St. Let’s stop it before the neighborhood is built up. Yours for a million population.” Mayor L. Ert Slack has expressed himself in favor of beautl- • fying the city and eliminating bad street intersections and traffic hazards. The city plan commission and board of works will investigate your letter and see what steps can be taken to remedy the situation. How many species of animals are there in the world? Scientists have estimated that there are about 600,000. Are the Philippines Islands a dependency or a territory of the United States. A dependency. Is the wife of my brother-inlaw any relation to me? No.

BIR.II 1 D 1 E GjRIO I O j M

which was found absolutely necessary in the ship's engine, there is no iron or steel in the ship or its equipment. It was built in this fashion* because the ship has been used to chart the variation of the compass needle. Most people know that the compass needle does not point

1. The idea of letter golf is to change one word to another and do it in par, or a given number of strokes. Thus, to change COW,to HEN in three strokes, COW, HOW, HEW HEN. 2. You can change only one letter at a time. # 3. must have a complete word of common usage for each jump. Slang words and abbreviations don’t count. 4. The order of letters can not be changed.

Bl| A | B ! [~Y~ B A > B E BALE BA L L 13 O L L D 1 O 1 *-'1 U

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Mr. Fixit

THE STORY OP CIVILIZATION Republic Falls Before the Medici

THESE ideals burn in Machiavelli’s memory, and never leave him, even in defeat. Suddenly Borgia falls ill; his father dies and is succeeded by Borgia’s forceful enemy, Julius II V ; the ruthless Duke is captured and exported to Spain, where he dies in an attempt to win his way back to freedom. The Florentine Republic falls before the assaults of the returning Medici; the citizens of Florence, too, recently armed, take to their heels at the first smell of death; and Soderini, “Gonfaloniere of the Commune,” surrenders almost without resistance.

Machiavelli, despising him mercifully, saves Solderini’s life by taking him to the home of his friend, Vettori, who is influential with the Medici; then he consigns him to Limbo, on the ground that Hell is too proud to admit cowards. He resigns his office as secretary and the next day, indifferent to republics or monarchies if omv Italy can find a leader, pays his respects to the triumphant Lorenzo (the younger), and begs reinstatement. Instead, he is arrested, and lies for a month in a cell with no company but rats like cats and lice “as plump as butterflies.” Freed then with six coils of the lash, he retires to his country villa, completes his “History of Florence,” writes ‘Discourses on Livy” and incidentally produces a little book which is to stir up all the world for centuries. He calls it “The Prince,” and forgetting his stripes (or the itch for office burning more brightly than these memories) dedicates it to young Lorenzo: Nicolo Machiavelli to the Magnificent Lorenzo: Desiring to present myself to your magnificence with some proof of my devotion, I have not found among my various furniture aught that I prize more than the knowledge of the actions of great men acquired by me through a long experience of modern affairs and a continual study of ancient. And though I judge this work unworthy of your presence, yet I am confident that I could not make you a greater gift than this, of enabling you, in a few days, to understand what I have learned through perils and discomforts in a lengthy course of years. tt u IT IS his last and most passionate plea for the adoption of anew philosophy as the prelude to anew and united Italy. He flings aside all moral considerations; there Is no need of considering justice, or humanity, for these are but phrases, designed for idealogists and saints. Humanity In practice consists of a billion or more egotists, composed of a majority of fools and a minority of knaves. “Whoever organizes a state, or lays down laws in it, must necessarily assume that all men are bad. and that they will follow the wickedness of their own hearts, whenever they have a free opportunity to do so. . . . Men never do good except through necessity.” What enobles this mass of human raw material, Machiavelli thinks, is leadership, genius that takes the clay and moulds it into organized grandeur and power. Machiavelli idealizes the state and its master, because the state is with him still an ideal, brilliant with the colors of imagination; it is not yet a reality, imperfect and regrettable, blotched with a thousand sins; not for four years yet will Luther pin his thesis to the door of Wittenberg Church, and begin the age of states and nations. But what a premonition of all this lies in “The Prince”—here Europe begins to be conscious of itself, recognizes the decay of the Catholic theology and reappearance of pagan morals, have made the church uhable to continue its sway over the turbulent continent; anew system of order must come. Religion may remain, but only as a means, as a mystic sanction for laws whose real source and ultimate assurance are

It Won’t Be Long Now!

Written for The Times by Will Durant

in some dominating will; but the leader himself will not believe; he will be beyond good and evil, above all theology and all morals. u a a SO Machiavelli hopes; he flings himself angrily against all moral limitations on the state; laws are made by the state, not not for it; they apply within it, not to its own conduct or its relations outside; as Bismark will say, there is no morality among nations. “When it is an absolute question of the welfare of our country, then justice or injustice, mercy or cruelty .. . must be set aside, and we must seek only whatever course may preserve the existence and liberty of the state.” It is useless to try to be virtuous in power; “Good men,” says Machiavelli, “are always paupers . . . For there is such a distance between how men do live, and how men ought to live, that he who leaves that which is done for that which ought to be done, learns sooner his destruction than his preservation; and the man who follows honesty in all his actions must needs go to ruin

Questions and Answers

You can get an answer to any answerable question of fact or Information by writing to Frederick M. Kerby. Question Editor, The Indianapolis Times, Washington Bureau. 1322 New York Ave., Washington. D. C., enclosing two cents In stamps for reply. Medical and legal advice cannot be given, nor can extended research be made. All other questions will receive a personal reply Unsigned requests cannot bo answered. All leters are confidential. You are cordially Invited to make use of this free service as often as you please. EDITOR.

When were postage stamps first used? The earliest form of postage stamp was employed in Paris in 1653. Postage stamps as we now know them date back to 1840 when the first adhesive stamps came into use in Great Britain. In the United States the first stamps were issued in 1845 by individual postmasters at their own expense, ljut these were superseded in 1847 by the first government issue. Does the wife of a citizen of the United States, ,who lost his citizenship through conviction in a courtmartial for desertion from the United States Army, also lose her citizenship? No, her citizenship would not be affected. Does the Covenant of the League of Nations name the place where permanent headquarters for the League shall be located? Article 7 of the Covenant of the League of Nations provides: “The seat of the league is established at Geneva, Switzerland. The Council may at any time decide that the seat of the League shall be established elsewhere.” Which States produces the greatest amount of corn and wheat? The great corn producing States are Illinois, lowa, Kansas, Nebraska, Missouri and Indiana. The chief wheat growing States are North Dakota, Kansas, Minnesota, Nebraska and South Dakota. What was the name of the aviation field at Sacremento, Calif., during the war? Mather Field. What officer issues marriage licenses in the State of Indiana? The clerk of the circuit court of the county where the female resides. What was the total attendance at football games in the United States in 1926? The estimated total was $15,000,000. On what date did the Sunday immediately preceding Easter come in 1900? April 8. Who were the Hellenes? The name Hellas means “Greek” and the Hellenes were the ancient Greeks.

among so many that are dishonest.” Obviously, virture must be redefined. We must cleanse and renew ourselves by going back to our origins and freshening our roots; what did the Romans mean .by virtus? They meant virility; they meant that masculine combination of intellect and power of character, force of decision and action with clarity of perception and thought, which we see in Caesar, the greatest Roman of them all. With Marcus Aurelius, virtue becomes Christian, and Rome becomes senile and weak. The weak are always prey to the strong, and there is question, in this world, not of Justice, but of forza ed in f elletto. If the people can overthrow a government by force or cunning, very well; let them do it and be praised; but if they are put down, the government by that very fact demonstrates its fitness for rule; above all things a society needs discipline, obedience and leadership. (Copyright. 1928. by Will Durant) (To Be Continued)

Is “enclose” or “inclose” correct? Both, meaning to insert, are correct. What is the capital of Turkey? Angora. Is Mussolini married? He married Signora Rachele Guidi. They have three chiludren. Has a successful perpetual motion machine ever been invented? No, and it is mechanically impossible. Was Captain Webb killed trying to go over Niagara Falls? No, he was drowned in an attempt to swim the whirpool of Niagara Falls.

oua %^TREES

THE CHESTNUT TRAGEDY A TRAGEDY in the stories of American trees is that of the beautiful and beloved chestnut whose entire stand in the United States is threatened with extinction from a fungous disease known as the “chestnut blight.” The blight, first noticed in 1904 near New York City, has spread over New England and New York and into Virginia and West Virginia. It is estimated that most of the remaining stands of chestnut in the southern Appalachians will be killed by the blight during the next twenty or twenty-five years unless something occurs to stop it. Useful and beautiful, the chestnut is valuable for its lumber, tannin and edible nuts. Chestnut lumber is used principally for planing mill products, caskets and coffins, musical instruments, boxes and crates. It finds a large use as a core stock for veneers in the manufacture of furniture. Tables, desks, bureaus and pianos frequently are made with a chestnut backing covered with a thin veneer of oak, maple, walnut of mahogany. Considerable quantities are cut for poles, ties, fence posts and fuel. The wood is moderately light in weight, brown in color, straight grained and durable. Chestnut is the main source of tanning extract for the leather industry. Most of the remaining chestnut timber is located in the southern Appalachians, where it forays about 25 per cent of the forest. The Department of Agriculture recently sent a man to Japan in the hopes of finding a blight-resist-ant chestnut to be introduced into America.

MAY 15, 1928

M. E. TRACY SAYS: “Hoover and Smith Have Made an Impression on the Public, Not by a Few Spectacular Achievemerits, but by Years of Arduous Work."

IN declaring that "Mr. Hoover seems to come closest to the standard that is set for this high, office,” Secretary Mellon may havo ' left the door open for President Coolidge, but he certainly closed it on everyone else. If the opponents of Hoover can get any consolation out of that, they are easily satisfied. There is not the slightest mystery in what Secretary Mellon said. Though willing to accept Hoover, the Administration is evidently determined to block any other candidate now in the field, even if President Coolidge has to be drafted. Lowden, Dawes, Curtis, Watson and all the rest who are trying to prevent Hoover’s nomination are merely put on notice that if they succeed it will do none of them any good. tt u Leaves Two for G. 0, P, u Secretary Mellon's statement clarifies the situation to a measurable extent. He has said as plainly as any man could, if it is not Hoover, it wiil be Coolidge. This leaves every “favorite son™ and stalking horse” boom up in that air. The Mid-West, which has been rallied to the support of Lowden on the theory that Hoover was against farm relief, now finds itself faced ' with the alternative of having to accept President Coolidge, who has not only vetoed its pet measure once, but seems likely to do so again. a a Mellon Holds the Whip 1 By holding the Pennsylvania del** egation uninstructed, Secretary Mellon has retained a whip by which he can virtually force the issue. Thus the smoke screen is ripped away from the whole show, and the grand alliance of Wall Street and farm politicians finds itself without a leg on which to stand. a a Blow to Vare \ In naming Hoover as the most available candidate, Secretary Mel- ' lon played a trump card in national politics but put himself in a good position to wrest Pennsylvania from the Vare machine. Vare took the initiative by making Gen. W. W. Atterbury, who ha3 been an outspoken opponent of Hoover, national committeeman, from that State, instead of Senator David Reed, who was Secretary < Mellon's choice. This seeming victory makes it possible for Secretary Mellon to capitalize the Hoover sentiment which is known to dominate Pennsylvania. His campaign, until the last few weeks, rested largely on i the impression he had created among ordinary folks. 1 i tt Reputation Held Up The same thing is true of Gov- 4 emor Smith’s campaign. A year ago, nine out of every ten Democratic politicians west of the Hudson were willing to bet ha could not be nominated. What is more to the point, they would have proved true prophets had it not been for the effect of his reputation on the people. He had come to be thought of as an able, honest, forceful executive. and that was something which politicians could hardly realiza, much less beat. a i In Step'With Public In situations where there is no well-defined opinion in favor of any candidate, -practical politicians can often arrange some unexpected deal. Otherwise they are virtually helpless. Any one who thinks that publio opinion is not to be reckoned with in this country, or that slate makers can override it at pleasure, only needs to attempt the undermining of some popular favorite to realiza, what a tragic mistake he has made.' Your shrewd politician has his ear to the ground and does what he can to keep in step with the crowd. If he finds himself out of line, it is generally due to the fact that he guessed wrong. That is what a good many leaders did with regard to Hoover and Smith. < a a a Efficient, Honest Work 1 Hoover and Smith have made an impression on the public, not by w few spectacular achievements, but by years of arduous work. That is not only the deepest kind of impression that can be made, but the hardest to overcome. Smith has been in the public eys of New Yotk for twenty years, and in that of the Nation for more than half as long. Hoover has been well and favor-** ably known since the outbreak of the World War. Beth men have performed every task delegated to them with efficiency and despatch, and have gradually built up an abiding confidence in their honesty and ability. That confidence is putting them over in spite of what practical politicians thought and worked to accomplish. in snite of all the whispering campaigns and presumably clever alignments, in spite of all the prejudices and scandals that have been called forth and in spite of the fact that the “pie counter™ crowd realizes it will get little butfi the crust if either becomes President of the United States.

Daily Thought

Be ye therefore wise as serpents and harmless as doves.—Matt. 10:16. tt ft tt THE first point of wisdom is tM discern that which is false- thfl second, to know that which is truefl —Lactantius.