Indianapolis Times, Volume 39, Number 318, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 May 1928 — Page 4

PAGE 4

S C K I PPJ - H ott' A AD

Unloading the Jonahs * The crew in charge of Iho Watson ship, foundering in heavy seas in 1 liese days and about to sink before it reaches port on Tuesday, is tossing Jonahs overboard. The iirst to go was Schortemeier, one of the original slate of the Watson machine which started out to put over the heirs of Stephensonism, in a quadruple combination of Watson-Robinson-Schortemeier-Updike. Shorty, as he is affectionately termed, was picked by the Indianapolis News as the Jonah of the ship and rather rudely tossed into the angry waves. Under the policy that anything possible must be done to nominate Dawes by getting votes for "Watson in Indiana, the News found Shorty rather too much of a load. The next to go is Updike. The Indianapolis Star, clinging with childish faith to the thought that Watson will ‘‘clean up” the Republican party affairs, tosses him as a sacrifice to publ'c opinion. Printing what The Times has su often suggested to the voters, the Star has this to say of Mr. Updikc : Mr. Updike, it will be recalled, first went to Congress four years ago when the Klan was in the saddle. The grand jury report filed at the end of last year cited that the jury had in Its possession an agreement made by Updike and given to D. C. Stephenson, whereby the Klan boss was to be permitted to dispose of political patronage in this district. The making of such an agreement was a crime in violation of the corrupt practices act and. according to the grand jurors, would have meant indictment had not the statute of limitations run. He went to Washington as the bounden agent of D. C. Stephenson and has only escaped prosecution because that fact was not disclosed sooner. It is inconceivable that Marion County will deliberately retain him in view of what it knows. Were The Times a friend of Watson, it would* suggest that the worst Jonah has not yet been dropped overboard. There were other documents in the black boxes, still carefully kept from the public, which are quite as illuminating as the cantract which Updike signed. One was the letter of thanks for a jnearl necklace at Christmas time. That went from the household of Senator Robinson, now seeking renomination as United States Senator. If theTe is to be a real effort to get rid of all those who came into power with the ascendency of Stephenson, certainly the voters have as much reason to discard Robinson as they have to defeat Updike, of whose fidelity Stephenson seemed less sure and of whom he demaqded a written contract. This is a good time to follow ihe example of Watson’s friends and drop all the Jonahs. They have pointed the way. France Turning to Gold A return to the gold standard likely will be among France’s first internationally important moves as a result of the Sunday elections which gave Premier Raymond Poincare a popular mandate to carry on with his program of national rehabilitation. Next Monday a huge new loan will be offered the French people to enable the premier to maneuver the nation’s finances back to a strategically better position. This, done, he is expected drastically to reduce the amount of paper in circulation—now around 60,000,000,000 francs—and fix a much lower legal limit to the figure. Then .after careful preparation, the French government is expected to stabilize the franc at approximately its present value of twenty-five to the dollar, pr five francs paper to one franc gold. Incidentally, it is reported that France Intends to pay both the United States and Great Britain this year's installments on her war debts, or $11,500,000 to America and $20,000,000 to Britain. But it would be a mistake to infer from this that Premier Poincare intends to ask Parliament to ratify the Mellon-Berengcr finding agreement, for he hardly will do any such thing, at least not unless the United States permits the reservation that France needs pay only if Germany pays. France, of course, lacks the gold to warrant a full and free exchange of gold for paper. But so did Great Britain when, in 1925, she returned to the gold standard. Britain at that time was in possession of a gold reserve amounting to $750,000,000 and had to borrow $300,000,000 in New York to bring it above a billion. France is in better shape than that, She now has in the bank of France an amount about equal to what Britain had and, in addition, approximately a billion and a quarter dollars gold to her credit abroad. Economically, France’s return to the gold standard is not likely to have much, if any, appreciable effect. The franc today stands at approximately twenty-five to the dollar and there it has been for considerable more than a year. Wages and cost of living, foreign trade, taxes and the budget already have adjusted themselves to the situation and, barring surprises, the act will amount to little more than official recognition of an existing fact. , To France as a leading member of the small community of first-class powers, however, her return to gold can not fail to mean much. Fatal Carelessness An Ohio woman went to her medicine chest the other day to get a bottle of medicine. By mistake she picked up a bottle of chloroform. She drank it and died a short time afterward. Carelessness around the family medicine chest Is dangerous. If you are wise you’ll always observe these two rules: Never keep any kind of medicine or drug in a bottle that isn’t labeled. Never use any kind of medicine or drug from your chest without first making sure that you have the righ| bottle.

The Indianapolis Times (A SCRirPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER)

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‘‘Give Liylit ami the People "Will Find Their Own "Way.”

ROY W. HOWARD. President.

Who Are They? ITa ! At last the public hiis a chance to find out just who is responsible for the Republican party in this State. All that they have to do is to ask the Indianapolis Star. For when they arc found, then will he discovered the men who, so it is declared, decided that Watson was to he a goat in the name of harmony, become a Take candidate for the presidency and put Indiana in the attitude of trading her thirty Votes in the Kansas City convention to the fellow who will promise the most jobs. The final confession has been made in a most ardent plea, by the Star, alleged friend of Watson, to the voters to defeat Herbert Hoover. ft- says that, if you would like to vote for Dawes, you m.ust vote for Watson. It says that if you want to vote for Curtis, you must vote for Watson. It says that jf you like Lowden, vote for Watson. “The responsible heads of the party,” so says the (Star, decided that Watson should become a iiivorite son in order to have harmony. The “responsible heads” decided that it would never do for Dawes and Lowden and any other real candidate to come into Indiana frankly and submit their names to the voters. That might prove too much of a shock when compared to the Hoover vote. “The responsible heads,” therefore, deliberately plotted to take away from the Republican voters a chance of taking part in the nomination of a President, to rob them of their choice, by putting forward Watson as a bluff to frighten away the real candidates. There is one more fact which the people should have ns an addition to this confession of a fake Watson candidacy in an hour when the tide against Watson for his past sins of omission and commission is running so high that sure defeat for him uanjie seen. Who are the responsible heads of the party? Governor Jackson, the chief executive and free from prison under an appeal to the statute of limitations? Clyde Walb, late chairman, now sojourning! at Leavenworth as a guest of the Government.’ \ D. C. Stephenson, who dominated four ago? George V. Coffin, indicted jointly with: Jackson on the outlawed bribe charge? Step forward, gentlemen, and be identified.! That will make the selection of Hoover almost unanimous. Golf and fishing are great helps to the health, says a doctor. Judging from the fish and golf stories we’ve heard, all fishermen and golfers believed they were healthy, anyway. A Pittsburgh couple gave a SIOO,OOO dinner to their friends in Paris. That ought to speed along payment of those war debts. Harry Lauder says he's going to shorten his skirts. If the style ever changes to veils for men, you wouldn't be able to tell Harry from an opera prima donna.

—David Dietz on Science-

Warmer on Mars

No. 40

CALCULATIONS necessary to interpret the observations of the planet Mars, made in 1924, have only recently been complete. Asa result we have better information today about the conditions on Mars than ever before. But alas, for those who desire final judgment, the question about the habitability of Mars is not yet settled. On Aug. 22, 1924, Mars was 35,000.000 miles from the earth. This is the closest the planet ever ap-

the thermocouple, a delicate electrical thermometer, for astronomical use. Dr. Coblentz worked at the fa-, mous Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Ariz., in cooperation with Dr. C. 6. Lampland of that observatory. A similar study with the thermocouple was carried on at the Mt. Wilson Observatory in California by Dr. Seth B. Nicholson and Dr. Edison Pettit, members of the observatory staff. The results of their studies are now interpreted to mean that the planet Mars is much warmer than it was formerly thought to be. This view is taken, for example, by Dr. Henry Norris Russell of Princeton, one of the world’s greatest astronomers. Dr. Russell says that he believes that the habitability of Mars is made much more probable by these observations of 1924. The reader may wonder why it took so long to interpret the results of the 1924 observations. There are two reasons. First of all, the observations themselves are not easily made. The radiation which we receive from a planet is a mixture. It is chiefly reflected sunlight associated with heat waves which arise on the surface ..Qf the planet itself. Proper observations mean arriving at the exact amount of visible light, of ultra-violet and of infrared or heat rays received from the planet. Then the calculations must be made. The radiation from a planet must pass through the earth's atmosphere before it strikes the thermocouple. At once we are faced with the question of making the proper allowance for the absorption of these various kinds of rays by the atmosphere. But the calculations have been completed and we will next examine the figures.

PRANK G. MORRISON. Business Manager.

THURSDAY, MAY 3. 1928.

proaches. During the weeks preceding and following that date, astronomers concentrated their efforts upon the study of the planet. Studies of the temperatures on Mars were carried on in particular by Dr. W. W. Coblentz of the U. S. Bureau of Standards, who perfected

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

KEEPING UP With THE NEWS BY # LUDWELL DENNY Can Hoover beat Smith? From now until the Kansas City convention, Republicans opposing Hoover's nomination will raise this i question in a dozen different forms, I and answer them all with a lusty ! “no." Such is the result of the Smith j victory in the California Democratic primary, apparently assuring his nomination on an early ballot. The anti-Hoover forces, composed of the Lowden-Dawes-Watson-Cur-tis-Goff-Hilles factions, are faced with the problem of convincing their party within six weeks that Hoover's nomination would result in a Democratic victory in November. The argument against Hoover from now on will be put something like this: 1. Smith is certain of carrying the South; the expected Democratic split against him has not developed; Many southern Democrats will stay away from the polls rather than vote for the wet Catholic, but they will not vote Republican. 2. Given the normal Democratic States, Smith’s election will depend upon capturing Republican strongholds in the East and in farm States of the Middle West, and in holding border States such as Tennessee. 3. Smith probably can carry New York State against any Republican, except Coolidge or Hughes, and certainly can carry it against Hoover. (This phase of the argument will be stressed particularly by Hilles, New York boss and leader of the socalled "draft Coolidge" and dark horse movements.) Smith may get not only the popular support, in his home State, but also the financial and "moral" backing of Wall Street, which is behind the Hilles anti-1 Hoover drive. 4. The biggest issue in the Mid- ! dlc-West is farm relief, inspiring l increasing augur against Coolidge- 1 Hoover opposition to the McNaryHaugen bill. Tammany Senators and Representatives in Washington arc supporting this bill. Such tactics, added to the unexpected Smith primary and convention victories in Oklahoma and lowa, indicate that only an advocate of the McNaryHaugen bill can keep some at least of the Middle-West States from a protest leap into the Democratic column. (This will be the argument of the Lowden-Dawes-Curtis-Watson group.) 5. Smith might get either the New York pivot of eastern States, or the border and some of the MiddleWest States, and still be defeated; out if he gets both groups, his election is certain. Therefore, any candidate would be better than Hoover, who stands to lose both of these groups to Smith.

TTOOVER managers are confident A x they can answer these arguments as effectively as they disposed of the earlier charges—that Hoover is not a good Republican and not a good American— which collapsed m the bitter Ohio primary fight. Here will be the Hoover answer: 1. If Hoover cannot beat Smith then no Republican can. 2. Smith s power is as a candidate of the people, therefore he can be beaten only by a man of wider popular appeal, which is precisely Hoover's strength. Fqr years Hoover has been the ideal of millions of people, who finally are forcing his nomination against the will of the politicians. What other Republican candidate, avowed or dark horse, has the popular following and polling power of Hoover? None. Dawes, as demonstrated in the Ohio primary, is weak even in his native state. 3. Bv common Republican consent, the party must fight the next campaign of the basis of the accomplishment and perpetuation of the Coolidge administration. Hoover represents more than any other, the Coolidge administration, of which he has been a creative part. Most of the other candidates, such as Lowden and Dawes, would present the paradox of candidates who had disavowed Coolidge policies running on a Coolidge platform. 4. Hoover can win the support of the farmers, and Wall Street’s support of Smith would help Hoover as the candidate of the people more than it would hurt him.

BRIDGE ME ANOTHER (Copyright. 1928. by The Ready Referencc Publishing Company) BY W. W. WENTWORTH

(Abbreviations: A—ace; K—king: Q tjucen: J—jack; X—any card lower than Id.) 1. What is the quick trick value of K Q 10? 2. What is the quick trick value Os A J 10? 3. What is the quick trick value Os K Q J? THE ANSWERS 1. One and one-quarter. 2. One and one-quarter to one and one-half. 3. One and one-half. llow can blue-black writing ink be thinned? With distilled or rain water. Usually when it gets thick and does not flow easily it has begun to decompose and thinning will not help. Blue-black writing ink is a colloidal solution whictAs more or less easily disturbed. If the ink is not kept tightly covered or if insufficient acid is present the organic acids soon settle out of solution and the ink is unfit for use. How much did the Persian government pay to the United States on account of the death of Vice Counsul Imbrie, who was murdered in that country? On Oct. 1, 1924, the Persian government turned over to the American Charge d’Affaires in Teheran, Persia, a check for $60,000 for payment to Mrs. Imbrie. In the same year the Persian government agreed to pay SIIO,OOO to reimburse the United States for sending the cruiser Trenton to bring the body of IpitelSv to Washington.

There’s Nothing Like a Demonstration

NjL jTjV Jlif: N \ ~'VW A’JiV u.-y

Artists Buy Bodies of Criminals

T)ERUGINO went to Rome and became the greatest religious before the age of giants. His “Crucifixion" makes that abused topic new, and his ‘‘pieta’’ is as noble as any ever made; every head in it is a masterpiece and a classic restraint governs the inexpressible tragedy of the scene; there are no tears here, and no violent sorrows; it is as if the mother understood hoped consolingly that behind the chaos tsood some loving order. "It is related,” says Vasari again, "that Francsco del Pugliesc offered to give the nuns three times as much as they paid Pietro for the picture, and to cause another exactly like it to be executed for them by the same hand: but they would not consent, because Pietro had told them that he did not think he could equal the one they possessed." Nevertheless, the heart behind the hand that made these ikons was utterly without belief. "Pietro had but very little religion, and could never be made to believe in the immortality of the soul; nay. most obstinately did he reject good counsel, with words suited to the stubborness of his marble-hard brain. He placed all hopes in the goods of fortune.” Having acquired wealth through great efforts and hardships, he sought to spend it in age in the pursuit of pleasure; but he had made himself too stoic to be sensitive to pleasure now', and try as he would, he could not be a happy libertine. Happiness is the greatest of all the arts, and comes rarest of all to artists, who give so much of it. At the end Perugino refused the last sacraments, unfrightened by the threat that lie could not then be buried in holy ground. “I want to see,” he said, “what happens to a soul that has not confessed.” Far later on we shall see how Ruskin and Rossetti, Burne-Jones and Holman Hunt and William Morris—that picturesque group of romantic souls who called themselves "Pre-Raphaelites”—contended passionately, by preaching and example, that it was in these men who came before Raphael—in Giotto and Fra Angelico, in Andrea del Sarto, Fra Lippo Lippi and Botticelli—that Italian painting reached its greatest age. Perhaps they were wrong in their judgment, as will happen to those who love much; but this must be granted to them, that in Signorelli and Perugino religion loses its hold upon art, and a subtle seed of decadence enters into the Renaissance. When the great triumvirates— Leonardo and Raphael and Michelangelo, Correggio, Tintoretto and Veronese —have passed away, that seed will sprout into baroque ex- j travagance; depth of feeling will j pass with sincerity of belief; and) there will be no more great painters in Italy, as there will be no more j cathedrals in Europe. RAPHAEL, RAFFAELO SANTI (or Sanzio) w’as well named after an angel; for no character was ever more angelic, nor any life more fortunate or serene. He came into a world where his uncle Bramante was in pow’er, as an architect, with the richest patrons of art; he was spared the struggles that deform as well as form the spirit; and the gentleness of a mind at peace stamped itself upon all his work. He was born at Urbino "on Good Friday of the year 1483, at 3 o’clock of the night,” says Vasari, carelessly neglecting to tell us at what minute of the hour. His father was a painter, who saw at once the talent of his son, and sent him, after a short stay with Timoteo Viti, to the bottega of Perugino. He spent many years at Perugia in happy apprenticeship, learning with what seemed a miraculous facility, and producing, before his twenties, pictures indistinguishable in style and power from the masterpieces of Perugino himself. The next step was to outplay the master at his own game. Perugino had painted a "Marriage of the Virgin”; Raphael put his hand to a similar “Sposalizio,” and everyone hailed it as superior to

THE STORY OF CIVILIZATION

Written for The Times by Will Durant -

the teacher’s canvas. Already Raphael had developed the power to portray grace of figure and tenderness of countenance; and though the intrusion of architectural masses seems out of place, and the composition is too geometrically bilateral, the proud beauty and perfect form of the figure at the left marks the first triumph of Raphael’s even art. So the laci outgrew Perugino and Perugia, and fretted a little when he iicard tell of the greater men in Florence, and how Leonardo and Michelangelo were at that moment painting in silent competition in the Great Hall of the Palace. So off lie went, in 1504, and his gentle and sunny manner soon won him friends in the art capital of tiic Renaissance world: Botticelli, Andrea del Sarto. Fra Bartolommeo, Andrea della Robbia, and Leonardo himself; all loved him but Michelangelo, who loved only his art. He studied for a time with Bartolommeo; but a beautiful inksketch cf the "Moaa Lisa” shows how the modest youth strove to learn the secrets of Leonardo’s esoteric soul. Under this double tutelage he grew apace, and formed out of their example and his own nature that dolce still nuovo—or "sweet new style”—which was to mark him him out among the Titans of his time. a tt FOR a while his work retained the stamp of Perugino; his early Madonnas (as in the “Madonna and Child with St. John”) are innocent young women of the countryside, who cherish the belief that the greatest happiness of a woman lies not in the hide-and-seek of the sexual hunt but in the love and nurture of the child. But then the "Madonna della Sedia” (The Madonna of the Chair)

T|U| R | N ~S~I K 1 I I D

1. The idea of letter golf is tc change one word to another and do it in par, or a given number of strokes. Thus, to change COW to HEN in three strokes, COW, HOW, HEW, HEN. 2. You can change only one letter at a time. 3. You must have r complete word of common usage for each jump. Slang words and abbreviations don’t count. 4. The order of letters can not be changed.

L 1 A I M |~P~ _L 1 M P _L I M E _R l M E. Rls |E~ R I IS K P. 1 5 K D E. |s"" K

begins to show both the pagan influence of Florence and the delicacy of Leonardo's touch; the richness of raiment reflects the luxury of the city, and Raphael's growing disposition to sumptuous garments for his own princely form. A delightful happiness steps now into ills work; everything is suffused with faith, hope and charity; here the joy in beauty and the love ot goodness are made one, and paganism and Christianity find their harmonious synthesis. The fame of the young artist had now reached Rome; and Julius II greatest of the Renaissance popes, called upon him to come and decorate the Stanze or rooms which lie had selected for the transaction of papal affairs. Raphael liked the stern old pontiff, and Julius liked the quiet, yielding boy, wishing that the irritable genius of Michelangelo would take lessons from this youth. So he sat for Raphael, and thereupon the artist made one of the supreme portraits of tne world. Merejkowski thinks Raphael flattered His Holiness to the point of sycophancy; but no one will say that who turns to Raphael’s portrait of Leo X. This picture made a noise in the world precisely for its realism—for the uncompromising representation of the almost brutal sensuality of Leo's face, and the tour de force which made the gold ball on the Pope's seat so brilliant that the divisions of the opposite window’, and the walls of the room were shown reflected in it. On seeing the first fresco that Raphael painted in the “Stanze,” Julius commanded that all the other pictures which had been made there should be effaced, in order that Raphael might do the entire decoration anew. The artist received a free hand, and used it; pagan and Christian subjects rose on the walls side by side, and nude bodies appeared in the same pictures with God and the saints. He liked to draw nudes, because long study had given him perfect skill in the human body. Winckelmann speaks of "the skillful hand of the great Raphael, which, like a steady tool, obeyed his will, — would, with a single stroke, of the pen, design a most beautiful head, and, without making any improvements, go on correctly and confidently with the execution of it.” The same zeal for the physical appears in another picture of the “Stanza”— the “Victory of Apollo Over Marsyas.” Behind this accumulated and .transmitted in the j studios of Verrocchio, Signorelli, and others; supreme geniuses must have the way made straight for them by a long line of lesser men. Verrocchio had skinned a corpse to study the bones better; and Leonardo had courted public hostility and horror by buying the bodies of executed criminals, to study them as an artist and to dissect them as a scientist. 4Copyright. 1928. by Will Durant) (To Be Continued)

This Date in U. S. History

May 3 1765—First American medical school founded. 1842—Two State governments set up in Rhode Island. 1861—President Lincoln called for 42,034 volunteers for three years. 1890—Merchants’ bridge over Mississippi River at St. Louis completed.

Daily Thought

Is it not lawful for me to do what I will with mine own?— Matt. 20:15. EVERY human being has a work to carry on within, duties to perform abroad, influences to exert, which are peculiarly his. and which no conscience but his owe. can teach.—Channing.

MAY 3, 1928

M. E. TRACY SAYS: Whatever Ihe American People May Think of Herbert Hoover for What He Has Done Himself, They Cannot Help Respectin'/ Him for the Kind of Opposition From Which He Sutlers.”

MOST of the weather wise having agreed that California w'ould decide Governor Smith's fate, his smashing victory leaves little to be said. It was not only a last ditch stand, but circumstances appeared to give the opposition every advantage. According to the yardstick ot prejudice, by which many people ' have insisted on measuring Gov- ■ ernor Smith’s chances, lie stood a | poor show. Senator Reed was expected to split the anti-prohibition vote, while Senator Walsh performed a similar operation on the Catholic vote. By tfip process of extrinsics, it could be proved that there was nothing left for Governor Smith, ! except the Ku-Klan Klan and the i anti-saloon league. The fact that he not only won, but rolled up a bigger vote than both of his opponents combined, suggests that liquor, religion and the fear of Tammany Hall are not cutting such a figure as some folks imagine. a tt Smith Far in Lead If the result in California throw, light on the Democratic nomination, it Is worth considering foi what it foreshadows with regard to , the election. The fact that Governor Smith received more votes than both hiopponents in the Democratic primary is hardly less impressive than is the fact that Herbert Hoover, running without opposition. received twice as many votes in the Republican primary as were | polled by all the Democratic cant didates. Regardless of the excellent showing Governor Smith made, it is a fair inference that California is for Herbert Hoover by two to one. tt tt # Hoover Foes Organize At the same time. Hoover appears to be having a harder time to [ corral a mere majority of the Republican delegates than Governor Smith is having to lino up twothirds of the Democrats. The reason for this is neither obi scure or extraordinary. The opposition to Governor Smith, though noisy, has lacked j purpose, leadership and coherence. , while the opposition to Hoover has known what it wanted from the beginning, has acted in concert bci '.find a smoke screen of favorite ; sons and has been greatly assisted by the control of Federal patronage and the influence of powerful financial interests. tt tt tt Unwarranted Attacks Herbert Hoover would have had a clear majority of delegates long ere this but for the dirty work of political leaders who have consulted the wishes of the cliques and rings they serve, rather than those of the rank and file. Seldom in the history of this nation has an honest, able efficient public servant been subjected to such an unwarranted and insidious attack. It is only necessary to recall a few of the leaders opposing Hoover to understand the hook-up. First, there was the Ohio gang, which surrounded and bled the kindly President Harding: next there was the Ku-Klux ridden ring of Indiana; next there was the (power lobby, and finally a large and distinguished group in Wali Street. Whatever the American people may think of Herbert Hoover lor w’hat he has done himself, they cannot help respecting him for (the kind of opposition from which he suffers. tt tt tt Uphold Fare Boost Three Federal judges, sitting as a statutory court, have decided that the Interborough Rapid Transit Company of New York should have the right to raise its fare from 5 to 7 cents. Without going into details, New York City entered into a contract with the Interborough fifteen years ago, whereby 4t leased to "that company certain subways w’hich had been built at public expense. The company was given the right to withhold money for operating and maintenance costs, for interest on its obligations and for an annual return equal to the profit it had made during previous yearse before paying the city anything. In consideration for these privileges and the use of the subway, the company agreed to maintain a 5cent fare. Contradicts .State Three months ago the Interborough went before the State transit commission asking permission to raise its fare from 5 to 7 cents. The transit commission refused on the ground that it lacked jurisdiction, since the company was operating under a contract, not a franchise. The Interborough then went into court, pleading that it had been denied relief, that the State had power to Intervene and should Intervene, even though the State denied it, and asking that the court come to its rescue. In coming to its rescue, the court appears to have made a decicsion, which, if sustained, would not only set aside a contract made by a municipality with a public service corporation in good faith, but would force the State to exercise regulatory power against the State’s own judgment. Such conditions appear to make this case of far-reaching significance. How ever sound such a doctrine as the court advances may be from a financial or legal standpoint, It can have but one political effect, and that Is to drive the cities of America to municipal ownership.