Indianapolis Times, Volume 39, Number 251, Indianapolis, Marion County, 27 February 1928 — Page 4

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SCMIPPJ-HOtVAAO

Keeping the Newspapers Quiet Judge John Marshall of Kokomo, presiding over the Howard Circuit Court, blames the newspapers for difficulties in prosecuting those suspected of responsibility for the American Trust Company failure in Kokomo. lie is reported to have threatened to impose jail sentences on newspaper men who act “contrary to his wishes,” in connection with news of she investigation, opening in Kokomo today. Speaking of failure of efforts to date to return the former president of the bank from Florida to face trial, the judge said, according to dispatches from Kokomo: “Authorities would have made much better headway if newspapers had kept quiet about the case.” With all due respect to Judge Marshall’s views on what is legitimate news and what are Ihe functions of a newspaper, we would like to ask him what he thinks conditions would be in Indiana today if the press generally had adopted a “keep quiet” attitude on crookedness in financial institutions and corruption in government. The people at large do not need his answer. They kur v. What is done to bring to justice those who may responsible for the Kokomo bank failure is news, legitimate news, news of vital import to thousands of bank depositors in Indiana. The Times will have a representative in Kokomo today to get that news.

Japan’s Epochal Elections Slowly turning her back upon the mystic age of fables, devils and despotisms in which she lived for 2,000 years, Japan this week took another long stride in her experiments in practical democracy. Returns from the most significant elections in Nippon’s history are now about complete, and while the political layout of the country remains practically unchanged, the new universal manhood suffrage law ultimately can not fail to have a tremendous effect upon the future of the country. Thirty years ago, due to property qualifications, only 580,000 Japanese could vote. Ten years later a new law enfranchised anotlier million, while the law of JS2O raised the total number of voters to approximately 3,080,000. This week, in the first election under the law of 1925, more than 12,000,000 subjects were eligible to vote for the new members of the diet, or lower house. As in the United States, after women were granted suffrage, there was much speculation as to how the voters—men more than 25 years of age, able to read and write—would use their new privilege, and in Japan, as in America, no appreciable difference resulted, the two major political parties poling their proportionate share of the additional ballots. The legislative situation following this week’s elections in Japan is similar to that in the United States. The Seiyukai, or party in power, was a meager majority of about ten seats over the Minseito, or opposition, party, the independent and farmer-labor groups, with a total of twenty-three seats, having a balance of power. The position of Premier Baron Tanaka, therefore, is more than ever critical. Nor is this the only similarity. Both parties advocate farm aid and both, more or less, are playing up to labor, and while the Seiyukai advocates subsidies for big business and a “positive,” or imperialistic, foreign policy, the opposition is Rightly more liberal. In addition, there are some half a dozen lesser parties, including four farmer-labor organizations. And all sorts of reforms are demanded —the right of workers to strike, organize and bargain collectively; labor legislation; government control of public utilities, particularly electric power, and so on, covering a wide range from the business party’s demand that the government curtail its monopolies and get out of business to the abolition of all laws governing the proletariat. To jump at conclusions because the 12,000,000 voted this week just like the 3,000,000 had voted before would be a little rash at this stage of the game. Unled, the nine million new voters naturally followed the crowds. The new election laws are complicated and violations are punishable and as the government frankly had admitted it would post spies to watch the polls, both new candidates and new voters were inclined to play safe rather than break into jail. At that, the percentage of those voting puts to shame the voters of America, notorious for staying away from the polls.

How They Feel About It It is interesting to note the impression made on the principal characters when Justice Siddons of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia found a few prominent citizens guilty of contempt of court. Here are some illuminating remarks: Harry F. Sinclair: “It is impossible for me to understand why I should be held guilty of contempt.” Henry Mason Day: “I did only what I know the Department of Justice and the United States attorneys throughout the United States have been doing for fifty years.” William J. Burns: “This astonishing decision clearly indicates that I was not convicted because of any evidence produced, but in the personal opinion of the judge.” As somebody once remarked: “No rogue e’er felt the halter draw with fcood opinion of the law.” Educating Parents More than 600 people attended the first North Carolina Institute on Parental Education, and heard speakers set forth the parent's responsibilities toward his child. In the old days we heard a great deal about the child’s duties toward its parent, and less of the parent’s duties. The new way is better. It is idle to tell a child to honor his father and mother if the father and mother have not done their level best to give the child the wisest, most kindly training possible.

The Times (A SCREPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) Ownd and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 214-220 W. Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price In Marlon County. 2 cents—lo cents a week; elsewhere, 3 cents—l 2 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY, ROY W. HOWARD. FRANK G. MORRISON, Editor. ' President. Business Manager. PHONE—MAIN 3500. MONDAY, FEB. 27, 1928. Member of United Press, Scrip ps-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association, Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”— Dante.

Ed Jackson Has Not Resigned It becomes increasingly apparent that Ed Jackson intends to sit tight in the Statehouse, hoping, ostrichlike, that if he keeps temporarily out of the limelight the people of Indiana gradually will forget that he remains Governor only by grace of legal technicality. It also is ceratin that the Republican State committee intends to do nothing to remedy the situation. Any action in the matter is “outside its province,” says the committee. Its members are steering warily away from the issue. They wisely do not attempt to gild the party lilies, but their evasion might be construed as an effort to perfume the party polecats. If rottenness Inside the G. O. P. Is not within the province of the committee, then there seems to be precious little left on the hands of committee members. If the committee is relying on the traditional forgetfulness of voters for Republican success in the 1928 election, there will be a sad awakening. The voters of Indiana will not be allowed to forget the record of the Republcian party in this State in the last four years. Nothing more is needed to whet the memories of the voters than the spectacle of Ed Jackson sittin g in the Governor’s chair in the Statehouse, deaf to all demands that he resign. And the Nation will not allow Indiana to forget. Pitiless publicity is this State’s portion in journals all over the country. But mixed with the broadsides hurled at political conditions there is sympathy for Indiana's predicament and hope that the Hoosier commonwealth will take steps at once to clean up. Indiana’s problem is described with striking clearness in the following editorial, which appeared in the Milwaukee Journal, headed, “Indiana Still Has It”: Indiana must view with a good deal more of chagrin than satisfaction the outcome of the Jackson trial. The guilt or innocence of its Governor on the charge that as secretary of State he tried with SIO,OOO to bribe and debauch the then Governor, McCray, is not settled. The only thing determined is that if there was bribery, the crime has outrun the statute of limitations. And Ed Jackson is still at liberty to administer the highest office in the State. This outcome only makes the whole Indiana' situation the more untenable. Everybody knows that there was super-government, everybody knows that Ed Jackson was a beneficiary of that supergovernment, everybody knows that housecleaning day is long past due. Also, everybody has seen that all efforts to clean house have failed—whether through elections, grand jury hearings or court trials. Every time it is the blank stone wall for those who try. And now the State must suffer the further ignominy of having a Governor from the cloud of accusation that he committed a crime cannot be lifted. This, of course, is Indiana’s problem. Maybe public sentiment which is now beginning to speak will grow strong enough to force Jackson to resign, since his name is not cleared. Maybe Indiana will some day decide to make a clean sweep of that “slime and disgrace” which Judge McCabe, who heard the Jackson trial, says was brought on by the Ku-Klux Klan. Maybe. But what an object lesson it is to other States when they are tempted by the wiles of those who deal in super-government. When you get it, what are you to do with it, and how in the world are you ever to get rid of it? That is harder than getting a divorce in South Carolina.

La n and the People Senator James A. Reed of Missouri, in a recent campaign speech in Denver, asserted that the average man had come to regard the law “as a sword of oppression, rather than a shield of protection.” "Basically, many of these regulatory statutes are mistaken or vicious because they invade the realm of morals,” he said. “We seek to do by legislative enactment that which belongs to she schools, the church and the home. We fail because a constable cannot take the place of a minister or a priest; neither can the coercions of a police matron be substituted for the precepts of a mother. “Like it or not, the cold fact is that no people will obey a law they do not respect. And no law can be enforced by officers which is not in the vast majority of instances voluntarily obeyed and enforced by the people.” The truth of Reed’s contentions has been demonstrated repeatedly. The failure of the prohibition law alone is ample proof that people cannot be made moral by statute. People do not regard violation of prohibition as a crime, and all the legislative enactments in the world will not make them change their view. It is unfortunate that more of those who make our laws are not willing to face the facts in the same way that Senator Reed does.

The Hoover Training

.(From the New York Herald-Tribune) It is amusing and instructive to note that none of the opponents of Mr. Hoover questions his ability to fill the office of President. Here is the most difficult executive post in the world, a man killing job. Yet by common consent, even of hi3 critics, Mr. Hoover has demonstrated his ability to handle it. To find reasons against him, Senator Willis is obliged to hint that Mr. Hoover is not a good enough American to be President. His Democratic critics, at first inclined to praise him when his candidacy seemed doubtful, are now beginning to see popular distaste for an engineer in the White House. The notion seems to be that Mr. Hoover may be kept out of the Presidency, not because of any doubt of his extraordinary fitness, but because of some supposed prejudice against the world wide career which has produced that fitness. We do not believe that many voters will reject Mr. Hoover on any such fanciful ground. The engineer turned executive is a peculiarly American institution. His organizing ability is the basis of our present prosperity. America is talking and thinking engineering above everything else. The problems facing the Federal Government are such as a statesman with engineering training is peculiarly fitted to understand. To turn to the specific issue confronting the State of Ohio, Senator Willis is a good enough American, but his wide gestures and narrow experience, belong to an obsolete school of American statecraft that died, every one hoped, with the late Williams Jennings Bryan. To almost any regular American not in his dotage, Mr. Hoover, who says little and does much, will seem far more truly an American of today and be far easier to understand and like. Mr. Hoover has not a cathedral-chime voice and he does not wave his arms when he talks. But his engineering is the American kind that handles human beings as well and considerately as it directs machines. He is, in fact, peculiarly and essentially American. No other nation could possibly have produced him.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

BRIDGE ME ANOTHER (Copyright, 1928. by The Ready Referenca Publishing Company) BY W. W. WENTWORTH

(Abbreviations: A—ace; K—king: Q—queen; J—jack; X—any card lower than in.) 1— When you hold: spades—-X; hearts—A K Q; diamonds —K Q; clubs—K XXXX XX, what should you bid initially? 2lf a hand contains a singleton, should you prefer a no-trump to a four card suit bid? 3 When declarer holds K J 10 in hand and dummy holds XXX; how many possible tricks may be made? THE ANSWERS 1— One club. 2 Pour-card suit bid is preferable. 3 Two.

Times Readers Voice Views

The name and address of the author must accompany every contribution, but on request will not be published. Letters not exceeding 200 words will receive preference. To the Editor: Congress is in session and we are reading much in the newspapers, i and practically every man. on the J street corner Is declaring himself. I that sometihng ought to be done for I to save the farmer. We heartily agree that the farmer has been and is hard hit, but it seems to us that the great majority of remedies offered are not sincere or based on right or just principles of government. It is a safe bet that much of this loud talk on behalf of the farmer is largely propaganda by politicians and the big interests of the country, who would have us bejieve the stress that now lies on the shoulders of the man behind the plow. But this is just before election and let us not forget they have an ax to grind. In fact, these politicians are no doubt very anxious to maintain their seats in the saddle and well know they must have votes. Again, this is a year when, in convention assembled, platforms will be built and many high sounding phrases will be used, which they hope will attract the farmer and again get his vote. Let us not forget that this is only 1 a means to an end to get into office i and thus retain themselves on the | pay roll of the taxpayer; but when ! they are again solidly entrenched in j their swivel chairs, when they come ! to putting into force their pre-elec- ; tion pledge, it seems they have little ! or no regard for their pre-election ! promises and even trample them under their feet as so much scrap paper. One Senator cries loud and long that farm products ought to be fixed by law at a living price, another expressed himself as highly elated that the International Farm Congress went on record in favor of the repeal of Section 15-A, the guarantee provision of the Esch-Cummins Transportation Act, still another that the excessively high freight rates ought to be reduced equitably. This talk is all very well, but what have they really done to give real relief to the farmer? Through their tax-exempt securities they have put on the shoulders of the farmer the bulk of the taxes of the country. On the other l and, if they are sincere and really earnest as to the welfare of the man who tills the soil, why, may we ask, were these laws put on the books in the first place, which have dragged the farmer down to the lowest level in returns for his labor? Was it for the interest of the farmer and the general welfare of the greatest number of our people? Or. did they have in mind the special interest class, to which these laws compel the farmer and consumer to pay tribute. President Coolidge says that it is up to the farmer to work oul his own destiny. So let us get together, gentlemen, and cooperate to the end that we elect only such men or women to office who are in sympathy, at least, with the man who feeds the world; and re-establish the government of our fathers, and once again demonstrate that the chief end of representative government is to represent and establish justice to ourselves and our posterity; to the end that each and every farmer may not only exist, but receive a living profit for his labor and a reasonable return on his investment. Properity, to be real, must include the farmer. Yours very truly, JOHN R. JONES. Plymouth, Ind.

B I A I T I T I I- I E.

The Kules

1. The idea of letter golf is to change one word to another and do it in par, or a given number of strokes. Thus, to change COW to HEN in three strokes, COW, HOW, HEW. HEN. 2. You can change only one letter at a time. 3. You must have a complete word of common usage for each jump. Slang words and abbreviations don’t count. 4. The order of-letters can not be changed.

S |T|YjL|E SJOLi S T AIRE S T AIR K~ S H Alafk S H A CjK S1 H 101 CI K~

There’s a Small Dose or Two Left

/.-a s. „ Wu.uA//t

THE STORY OF CIVILIZATION Printing Press Ends Glorious Age Written for The Times by Will Durant

HISTORY has been a cycle of civilization and re-barbariza-tion. Very much as certain protozoa, which normally reproduce themselves by division, come after some generations to the limit of their inner vitality, and require a •“rejuvenating conjugation” with others of their kind before they can continue their race; so nations seem to come in time to the exhaustion of their physiological resources, and are rejuvenated only by the advent and admixture of younger and more primitive stocks. Every civilization in the past has developed from savagery to luxury; the multiplication of arts and artifices has weakened the fibre of the race, and destroyed those qualities of character which are vices in peace and virtues in war. The development of wealth causes division within and envy without; vigorous barbarians, encompassing the weakened state, are tempted by its helplessness and its spoils; they invade it, conquer it, and reduce it almost to a primitive condition again. But they in turn, if they produce a civilization, lose the arts of war in the pursuit of art; and once more cycle of conquest and barbarism is renewed. Perhaps it will not always be so; but so it has always been. The Dark Ages were the ne-bar-barization of Europe. The Roman stock had been almost destroyed by disease and birth control; nothing remained except to repopulate the Empire with a race unspoiled in body and mind. But the price that Europe paid was half a thousand years of ignorance: from the year 529. when Justinian clospd the ancient schools,

Knixhtstflwn Banner Within the State of Indiana The Indianapolis Daily Times is looked upon and often quoted as an ultra-Democratic newspaper, but it and twenty-six other representative newspapers, property of the Scripps-Howard syndicate, scattered throughout the United States, has taken up the candidacy of Herbert Hoover and praying for his nomination at Kansas City as the standard bearer of the Republican party at the forthcoming election in November. Naturally, one would think The Times would support its own State candidate; but not so. The Times knows the calibre and reputation of the one aspirant of the State, and unhesitatingly calls upon the public to steer clear

You can get an answer to any answerable question of fact or information by writing to Frederick M. Kerby. Question Editor, Tlie Indianapolis Times. Washington Bureau, 1322 New York Ave., Washington, D. C.. enclosing two cents in stamps for reply. Medical and legal advice cannot be given, nor can extended research be made. All other questions will receive a personal reply. Unsigned requests cannot be answered. All leters are confidential. You are cordially Invited to make use of this free service as often as you please. EDITOR. Is Maryland a northern or southern State? In general usage it is classed as a border State between the north and south. From what is glucose derived and for what is it used? It is derived from Indian corn and is used as a substitute for sugar in the manufacture of syrup, candy and other sweets. Does any State in the United States permit persons who are not American citizens to vote? The following States permit voting by aliens who have declared their intention of becoming citizens (in other words, have their first papers): Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Michigan, Missouri, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas and Wisconsin. In Colorado the declaration of intention must have been made at least four months prior to the elec-

until the begining of the twelfth century, when Abelard and William of Champeaux laid the bases of the University of Paris, letters and art hybernated, and darkness covered the continent. MUM ONLY the church remained to enlighten and uplift; and though she herself was barbarous in a hundred ways, and looked with hostility upon the greater part of Europe's classic heritage, she preserved at least the tradition of letters, and strove to create a literature and an art of her own. At last she succeeded: and the second period of the medieval era shows her triumphant in almost every field of cultural achievement. Beginning with Abelard, the Troubadours, and the Crusades, in the twelfth century, she passed through the Catholic enlightment of the thirteenth, “the greatest of centuries” (Mathew Arnold); in industry the guilds, in commerce tfie Hanseatic League, in finance the appearance of currency and credit, in religion St. Francis, in philosophy St. Thomas, in science Roger Bacon, in planting Giotto, in poetry Dante, in architecture the Gothic cathedrals —who knows but this was the peak of human history, in many respects, as Dr. Walsh has claimed, the most marvelous and alluring epoch in the adventure of mankind? That glory ended because printing came, in 1456, and underminded the intellectual foundations of the church; and because the Turks took Constantinople in 1453, and drove Greek scholars to bring to Italy their memories and manuscripts of an ancient and churchless world; and because the growth of commerce and cities and states destroyed the

What Other Editors Think

of his weak and trembling political one-horse shay occasionally seen in the State. Os the candidacy of Jim Watson, The Daily Times says: were Senator James E. Watson of Indiana to be taken seriously as a candidate for President, it would have to be said that of all the candidates thus far In the field he is the least suitable and the most unfit. From the days when he was an agent of the National Association of Manufacturers and as “Our Mar. Watson” ran for Governor of Indiana, down to the latest of the score of revelations of the corruption and shame of Indiana politics, nothing commends him for President, and everything in his record shouts against it with a brazen tongue.

Questions and Answers

tion; in Missouri, not less than one nor more than five years before offering to vote; in Oregon, at least one year before the election; in Texas, at least six months before the election. In the others no time limit Is specified. Why do we sometimes see half of the moon and sometimes only a quarter of it? The changes in the'apparent size and appearance of the moon are due to her changes in position relative to the earth and the sun. It is only the half of the moon facing the sun that is illuminated and the whole area can be seen illuminated only when the earth, moon and sun are in a nearly straight line. Who wrote “The Battle Hymn of the Republic?” Julia Ward Howe, American writer and philanthropist, was the author of the words. It was written while visiting the campus near Washington during the Civil War and was first published in the Atlantic Monthly in 1861. What is “refractionated gasoline?” The name is applied by an oil company to gasoline which has been distilled several times. By this rcfractionation cuts are obtainable

unity of Europe and led to that reformation which was in essence the revolt of kings and emperors against priests and popes. M M M THE crescendo, this forte, and this decrescendo, constitute what are called the Middle Ages. It is a vague and hardy scientific term, indefinite at either end, and implying that modernity is the climax and cbmpletion of all time. Perhaps “The Christian Age” would be a better phrase; if we keep the old term it will be because habit has given it an almost irreplaceable utility. To study this complex epoch we shall violate chronology now and then in order to achieve unity of topic and dearness of view. Let us put aside our prejudices while retaining our preferences; let us admit the possibility that an age of romance and are have been as interesting to live in as an age of science and industry. “Real development.” says Chesterton. “is not leaving things behind, as on a read, bur drawing life from them, as from a route. ’ Let us examine the root and origins of our modern world. Two elements make the Middle Ages: the barbarians and the church. On the one hand the development of Teutonic Institutions and ideals in feudalism and chivalry, in town and guild and the nascent state; and on the other hand the fusion, adaptation and transmission of Roman civilization and Oriental faith in the organization and doctrines of the church. To understand the church we must first understand the barbarians. (Copyright, 1928. by Will Durant) (To Be Continued)

So it is to taken that the nine Republican Congressmen from Indiana who fulsomely indorsed him for President did so with their tongues in their cheeks, and in pursuance of another “favorite son" scheme like that adopted in Ohio and other States, to head off Herbert Hoover. The intent, of course, is to nominate instead some nobody to whom Watson and the other bosses can throw their handpicked delegations after he has been selected, as Harding was. Watson’s candidacy is even cheaper and more transparent than that of Senator Willis, against which many Ohio Republicans have risen In revolt. A like course is commended to Indiana Republicans.

which have narrower boiling ranges than the crude gasoline secured in the first distillation and the heavy ends and impurities are left behind. Refractionation means cutting up a crude gasoline Into a number of constituents, hence the name. If in a baseball game a runner is on first base, and the batter knocks a grounder to the first baseman who stops the ball while standing on the base, must the runnner advance to second, or may he remain on first after the put out? The runner is not forced to vacate first base, and after the batsman has been retired he may remain there. How many United States army and nevy medical men were killed during the World War? There were 172 officers and enlisted men in the medical division of the army and thirty-three medical officers in the navy killed in the World War. What is the home address of Helen Wilis, tennis star? Berkeley, Cal. What was the year of the nineteenth century? The year 1900.

.FEB. 27, 1928

M. E. TRA C Y SAYS: “The Control of Human Progress Has Passed From Politicians to Scientists'’

The synthetic diamond and fuelless motor are among the possibilities foreshadowed in Sunday’s news. Either would cause an economic revolution. Thousands of magnates and merchants would be pauperized by the former while the latter would bring confusion to the auto, airplane and kindred industries. This is just one more illustration of how definitely the control of human progress has passed from politicians to scientists. M M M Synthetic Diamonds James Basset, a French engineer, claims to have devised a machine capable of applying a pressure of twenty-five tons per square centimeter to an elctric crucible in which the temperature can be raised to 3,500 degrees. It does not sound so interesting until one realizes that these are the conditions which scientists have long contended would produce synthetic diamonds. It has been calculated that a pressure of ten tons per square centi-meter coupled with a heat of 1.000 degrees would convert carbon into those sparkling gems on which the world has set so much value for thousands of years. If this machine will do what Is claimed for it, M. Basset has more than fulfilled the requirements and if the scientists are correct, the atificial diamond lurks on the near horizon. M M M Values of Vanity The artificial diamond would make more rich men poor than has the Bolshevist upheaval In Russia and would prove about as futile in making poor men rich. A dozen great fortunes would go up in smoke over night, while many a proud dame who thinks she wears good security on her neck or fingers would be rudely disillusioned. It is all a grim reminder of how distinctly some of our values rest on ignorance, tradition and vanity. m m a Motor Without Fuel If the synthetic diamond would cause so much commotion, what about the fuelless motor The fuelless motor seems absurd until you recall that electricity is collected, not manufactured. If a cold stream of water whirling cold copper and iron around each other can generate heat, light and power, what is there so preposterous in the assumption that the force they collect and give off might be developed in a quieter way? n m m Dream Invention Lester J. Hendershot of Pittsburgh is said to have perfected a fuelless motor, and whether he has or not, some hardheaded business men are sufficiently impressed with its demonstration to form a company for developing it. Not the least romantic part of the discovery lies in the report that the one essential principle came to him in a dream. To dream such a thing is not so remarkable or anomalous as it appears at first glance. When a man has studied a subject as long and intensely as Mr. Hendershot did this one. he accumulates a vast amount of sub-con-scious knowledge on which his mind works automatically.

tt tt a Fate of Skeptics The important aspect of the fuelless motor is not how it came into being, if it really has, but the effect it will produce. One need not be a financial or scientific wizard to realize the resultant commotion, yet it would be little more revolutionary or disastrous than many things that have occurred. Thirty years ago we began to hear of horseless carriages. Every horsebreeder in the country had cold chills, though he tried to hide it by a noisy show of skepticism. We have passed from horse to automobile with very little difficulty. The change hurt only those who would not get in line. The other kind are all better off. The same thing would be true with regard to fuelless motors. tt tt tt Where Is the Horse? The rapidity with which the auto industry has grown, especially in this country, and the case with which all trades and classes have readjusted themselves show what can be done with the most revolutionary invention. Thirty years ago most everyone had a horse or rode in horse-drawn vehicles. The auto w r as regarded as just another of those impractical fancies with which dreamers like to trifle. Today there is probably not one person in twenty who knows how to harness a horse, yet one in every five operates an automobile. u tt n Auto’s Importance It had taken little more than one generation for the auto business to develop from a mere vision to the biggest industry outside that of farming in the United States. The American people now own and operate 23,000,000 cars, where their grandfathers did not own one. They spend $2,500,000,000 annually for new cars and probably one-third as much for used cars; $550,000,000 for tires; $750,000,000 for accessories and repairs; $700,000,000 for taxes and $500,000,000 for gasoline. What is more important perhaps, the auto has developed a group of industries giving employment to nearly 4,000,000, people, ' which means actual support foe three or four times that nrnnbcc.