Indianapolis Times, Volume 39, Number 250, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 February 1928 — Page 4

PAGE 4

- '--g-'-'-T

S€*trPJ-HOWAAD

Labor and the Courts A plain-speaking, level-eyed man of 55 who was three times elected Governor of Michigan and held that office creditably for six years, stood before a Senate committee in Washington this week and made this flat charge; “Gentlemen, if you really want this case m a nutshell, it is this: These men were framed from the very minute they reached Indianapolis until they were sent to jail.” The speaker was ex-Governor A. J. Groesbeek, uoav a lawyer, summoned to Washington to explain the injunction issu and by Federal Judge Robert C. Baltzell in the Indianapolis street ear strike of 1926. Groesbeck was attorney at that time for two union organizers sent to jail for 90 days for violation of Judge Baltzell’s injunction. It might be difficult to believe Governor Groesbeek’s charge if it were not for the evidence he submitted before the committee. It shows that in sixty days these two union oiganizers were arrested fifty-three times. It shows that the two were careful not to advise a strike, but they were yanked up and sentenced to jail for violation of Judge Baltzell’s antistrike injunction after a strike had been called by Harry Boggs, local union president, who later confessed that lie was a detective in the pay of the company. “We constantly are preaching respect for law and order,” Governor Groesbeck said, ‘‘and yet here is an instance of a very flagrant abuse of poiver and authority which becomes known to hundreds of thousands of citizens in detail. Some authority should prevent this.” Governor Groesbeck is right. Among the Avorking classes there is an increasing lack of confidence in the farness of the courts in cases where the interests of capital and labor conflict. It is a dangerous and groAving development. Congress noAV has before it the Shipstead bill, sponsored by the American Federation of Labor. Either this bill or some other measure that will curb the abuse of injunctions should become law.

Behind Russia’s Latest Crisis People must eat. And also they must be able U connect with a certain minimum of goods—things to wear and use in the everyday job of existing. Up against the brick wall of these simple but hoary facts. Soviet Russia today faces one of the most serious domestic crises of her history. There are bread lines in the towns and goods lines in the country Insufficient foodstuffs are finding their way to the cities and insufficient manufactured products are finding their way to the farms. Eternal queues wind away from the doors of the food shops of Moscow and other Russian cities, while in the country the peasants are stubbornly holding onto their products because the village merchants are out of goods. Hauling their wheat, rye and other cereals back home, they are turning their surplus grain into potent samogon, native moonshine, rather than sell it for cash which will not buy the things they need. So requisitions are under way, according to the latest cables. Soldiers are seizing grain stocks. At best, however, this will afford but temporary relief. Eventually it will hurt more than it will help, as Russia should know from experience. Being very human, Russians simply will not break their backs raising surplus food products if this surplus is to be token from them without adequate return. Farmers need ploavs, medicines, needles, thread, frying pans, cloth for clothes, tools and what not, and it is to buy these things that the Russian peasant produces a surplus. If he is not to get these things, and his surplus i taken from him anyhow, next year there’ll be no surplus and the city folks can jolly well starve. That is about the situation in Russia today. Russia is facing fundamentals, the primitive and near-primitive requirements of the human race. The most beautiful promises in the world mean little to a man with an empty stomach and not much more to a mna Avith a naked back. Their wants are too immediate. Very laudably Moscow today is looking forward to the ideal of a three-hour day, but the country Avorkers— the peasants, forming 80 per cent of the population—hardly can be expected to cheer lustily for this, as they seek in vain for necessities in the towns. Already, the town workers are guaranteed unbroken rest periods of forty-two hours a Aveek, two Aveeks’ vacation a year, unemployment doles, low rents and other privileges, while they, like farmers everywhere, are at It from sun-up to sun-down, week in and week out, pretty much around the calendar. Why, they ask, should they now have to go without the things they need, yet hand to the city worker more food? A few' years ago Russia faced a somewhat similar situation. Moscow tried to tell the peasants what to do with their surplus. Millions went hungry and many actually starved. Trouble again lies ahead unless Moscow can find a way to speed up her industries and so strike a better balance between city and farm. An Interesting Experiment In these days of coal strikes, labor injunctions and company unions, an incident noted in New Jersey is refreshing. Theodore M. Brandle, president of the Building Trades of New Jersey and officer in other unions, long an active labor leader in that State, has accepted the position of director general of the Iron League of New Jersey. Brandle’B job, according to iris employers, will be to bring capital and labor together and "to create a jnore friendly feeling.” He will "bring together the employer and organized labor on common ground, one

The Indianapolis Times <A SCREFPS-HOAVAKD NEWSPAPER) owned and published daily (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos., 314-230 W„ Maryland Street, Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marlon County, 3 cents—l# cents a week; elsewhere, Scents—l 2 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY, ROY W'. HOWARD. PRANK G. MORRISON. Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE—MAIN 3500. FRIDAY, FEB. 34, 193. "lumber ot United Press. Scilpps-Howard Newapaper Alliance, Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service and Audit Bureau of Circulations. ~“GiveLightand the People Will Find Their Own Way ."-—Dante.

man representing both interests for the betterment of both principals.” Here is an interesting experiment, for, after all, the interests of capital and labor, in final analysis, are the same. It will be an important development if recognition of this fact has reached the point where an individual can represent both groups satisfactorily. The experiment is commended to the study of coal barons in Pennsylvania, Colorado and elsewhere, to traction magnates in New York and to others w'ho cling to the outworn idea that labor must take what is offered and like it. Steel Gun-Fodder With the advancement of science and the development of machinery, one may begin to see when war may become a popular form of entertainment. Even the general staff of the War Department Is coming to the front w r ith suggestions which may relieve w'ar of its horror. It now comes from that trained authority that we might substitute tanks for shock troops and thus save human flesh and blood. Sending steel tanks to the front instead of human infantry and cavalry is recommended, and the war experts ought to find a cordial response from the public. Those who profit by war through selling ammunition and army supplies still can do business and make money out of war, but there won’t be the same necessity for wholesale murder. And we still can keep war expensive. In fact, war wouldn’t be really horrible if we could make machinery do the fighting and save flesh and blood for better uses. It may become possible even to send the electrically driven tank* against each other by controlling them electrically from a distance —say, as far back as the generals generally stay. A mechanical man was exhibited the other day in New York City. It has no heart, no lungs, no liver, no lights. Every part of it is made of metal; and, of course, it has no soul. It can be operated from a distance merely by talking to it. A man can sit in his office, ring the phone and tell the mechanical servant to turn on the furnace; and the mechanical servant will obey orders—and even say “Yes, Boss.” Improvements will be made, naturally. So it is possible that by the time the international politicians get ready for the next world war we can make mechanical soldiers do the fighting, the killing and getting killed. There even may be invented mechanical horses, and without either men or horses it won’t be necessary for rivers to run red with blood, or the world to be filled with armless, legless, sightless and brainless human remnants of war, including widows and orphans. Tire change from man to machinery ought not to be so startling, either. According to the news reports, this mechanical man is almost human, for the machinery with which it. does its thinking is located in the stomach. It doesn’t have to be l’ed, however, except AAlth a little lubricating oil—and the Standard Oil Company would like that. With these modem mechanical inventions; war might become as entertaining and as bloodless as a movie. And we can see no reason why mechanical Avar shouldn’t be as profitable as the old-fashioned Avay of settling differences of opinion. Anyhow, the general staff appears to be headed in the right direction. And steel gun-fodder ought to be as popular as human flesh and blood. What Can You See? “Eye of man spans Atlantic,” says a jubilant headline, referring to the television feat recently performed. Probably it’s wonderful news, a triumph of science and all of that. Yet it does seem as if the real issue is, not “how far can you see?” but “what can you see?" It won’t do us any good to look across the Atlantic if we are blind to certain things that are happening on our doorsteps. Let’s let trans-Atlantic sight wait until we have cleaned up a few messes like our oil scandals, our city slums, our coal strikes and the like.

Think What You Wish

Scientists at the University of Chicago are about to begin a series of experiments designed to prove “that thinking is a chemical process.” These men recently concluded a long study of nerve reactions, and agreed, as one of them says, that “thought processes are no more mysterious than the contraction of a muscle.” So now they are going to make the human brain give up its last secrets. The human race has progressed quite a distance since the time when it was believed that the soul left the body each night, so that if a man were awakened suddenly his soul could not get back to him but would be a lost wanderer forever. We have learned a few things about our brains and our bodies; no longer do we believe that emotions are generated in the heart, or that impulses of anger proceed from the spleen. So, having emerged from blind ignorance, our scientists see no reason why they can not solve the ultimate mysteries. If man is a machine, why not take him apart and see what makes him tick? Easy, perhaps. It may be that the thoughts that! led to the writing of “Adonais.” for instance, were no more mysterious than the chemical reaction, that J makes seidlitz powders fizz when you pour water on them. But suppose that these schientigts do lay bare the 1 machinery of our brains; what then? Will they be able to prove that we are mere mechanical accidents in a heedless universe, ticking our lives away in blind obedience to powers that we can not control? Make your own answer. Your reply is as good as another man's. We are entitled to believe what we wish. Those who think that life is a mere chemical formula may think so; and those who believe that it is a strange, incomprehensible mystery, founded in the great deeps and striving painfully upward in obedience to some inner spark that defies all analysis —they, too, may think as they wish. A few years ago an Irish patriot was condemned to death by the British. Seated in his cell awaiting execution, ne penned these lines; “I would boldly teach the antique faith that fighting is the only noble thing, and that he alone is at peace with God who is at war with the powers of evil.” It will be no easy task to reduce that man to a mathematical equation. A cry like that, hurled in defiance from the shadow of death, bespeaks something more than a mere a plus b equals c. In that man’s equation there is an x—an unknown quantity; puzzle over it as you will, there is a residue there that will escape your test tube. The wise men of science have their theories; we can have ours. And in ours we can leave room for wonder and hope.

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

BRIDGE ME ANOTHER (Copyright, 1928. by The Ready Reference Publishing Company) BY W. W. WENTWORTH

lAbbreviations: A—aee; K—king: Q—queen: J—Jack; X—any card lower than 10.) 1. How many quick tricks should be held in the hand to justify a suit bid of one? 2. Partner having doubled an original bid. how many probable tricks should you expect to find in his hand? 3. Is a pass of a double of a notrump ever justified? The Answers 1. At least two. 2. At least four. 3. When holding great strength, yes. Times Readers Voice Views The name and address ot the author must accompany every contribution, but on request will not be published. letter* not exceeding 200 word* wIU receive preference. To the Editor; The trial of our honorable Governor was a wonderful affair. A jury trial by the Constitution of the U. S. A. and Indiana. I believe there is one decision in Indiana reports which says the jurymen are judges of the law and facts, including the Constitution. I am no lawyer, but I believe that I can find that in Indiana Reports. As far as you, Mr. Jackson, serving the people of Indiana as you liave in the past, I think it well for you to ask the people if they want you to serve them. In my estimation, the only one you intend to serve is your pocketbook and with the aid of the State Guard you intend to do that. Mr. Jackson, you are a church member and a lawyer. I believe. Just read the eleventh and twelfth chapter of St. Luke from the fifty-sixth verse on, and tell us what your religion has to say about your honor. From what I know' about your profession, that of a lawyer, the Bible does not speak very well of it. Our Constitution says a government for the people, by the people and of the people, but I have another definition for it—a government for the lawyers and by the lawyers. The only say we have is vote one lawyer out and another one in. So it is one continuous round of lawyers for lawyers. I have read law myself, but haven’t the time to dwell on it longer. But there is one sure thing, Your Honor, I did not vote for you and I am not exerting myself to vote 1 for any more of this kind of gov- 1 eminent. Born and raised in Indiana, in the U. S. A., I have quit wasting my time voting for the exercise of it. Your Honor. I hope this will be interesting to you. I w'ant to let you know that I’d be damned glad if you would step out of office and take the Bar Association with you and turn the governorship of Indiana over to the people of Indiana, to whom the Constitution says it belongs. Respectfully yours, J. B. FELT. 548 Adams St.. Gary, Ind. To the Editor; Tire verdict of acquittal handed down in the Governor Jackson case, w'hile generally expected, is another of the slaps in the face that have become so frequent and commonplace in the lives of Indiana citizenry. Just another example of the technical loopholes which so surely exist in our constitutional laws, when the crown of some politician is at stake. Governor Jackson is acquitted, not because of his innocence of the attempted bribery charge, but be- ; cause the State fell down in its at- j tempt to pro A-e actual concealment! of the crime. Now. the citizens w'ho have followed the evidence in the case, and who form the jury of public opinion should find some way of demanding the Governor's resignation forthwith. Acquittal in this case does not | constitute vindication, but merely j offers a back door exit for the Governor, through which to sneak out of the shackles of Justice and evade the punishment rightfully due him. However, Ed Jackson stands convicted of a crime that cannot be blotted out of the mind of the people by the jury’s verdict. While he is free legally, he must pay the penalty in the court of public opinion. His impeachment shpuld be demanded. A CITIZEN.

SITI y|l|e~ fsTFT ~o c~~k

The Rules

1. The idea of letter golf is to change one word to another and do it in par, or a given number of strokes. Thus, to change COW to HEN in three strokes, COW, HOW, HEW. HEN. 2. You can change only one letter at a time. 3. You must have a complete word of common usage for eac~ jump. Slang words and abbreviations don't count. 4. The order of letters can not be changed.

Dire|E.|S|s" _D JL.O s_ s_ C_iOS__S CRA S S C. R A B S

,The Delay Didn’t Soften Our Wallop

THE STORY OF CIVILIZATION Wide Power of Caliphs Crumbles Written for The Times by Will Durant

THE good Mohammedan must honor his parents, circumcise his children, protect the fatherless, help the poor, give full measure and just weight, be abstinent and thrifty, avoid all alcoholic drink, shun pork and clean his teeth. And to every fellow Moslem he must, on meeting make the ancient salutation: “Peace be with you.” History is never tired of irony. For 500 years the Caliphs ruled and the flowers of culture blossomed from Khorassan to Spain. Why did their power fail, and their colorful civilization disappear? First of all. their own luxury ruined them; to taste all the joys of the flesh is to lose the relish for the risks and hardships of war; the figure of Scheherezade was the symbol of the change. Perhaps their love of letters destroyed them; the youth that learned science and philosophy in the schools could not cleave to Allah and Mohammed with the firm and unquestioning faith that had conquered continents. Sects grew up within the fold, and wars broke out in which Moor slew Moor with Moorish ruthlessness. One Carmath rose and announced hiipself as the reincarnation of Mohammed; many fanatics accepted him. and fought for him with blind fidelity. The forces of orthodoxy demanded the surrender of the heretics. “Your master,” said the leader of the rebels, ‘is at the head of 30,000 soldiers; three such men as these are wanting in his host.”

(North Manchester Herald) Because of the fact the state failed to show "concealment of crime” on the part of Gov. Ed Jackson the presiding judge ordered him acquittad. Thus we were spared the charge of witnessing the donning of stripes of another Indiana chief executive. Mr. Jackson should resign. He took the easiest way cut of the mess and nothing was offered to to show that he was not guilty of the crime. His attorneys naturally took advantage of the technicality a,nd asked for the dismissal. The bunk they handed out that Jackson wanted them to go ahead with the trial can be taken as you like. If Jackson is really sincere in this plea let hint call a special session of the Legislature and there present his witnesses. But he won't do that—neither will he resign and let's hope he sits quietly in his Governor's mansion and his chief executive’s office and slides out of the picture as noiselssly as possible. The State of Indiana has had enough of Jackson and of his friends. It will take us a long time to get the Hoosier State cleansed of the mire of the last few years. (Ft. Wayne Journal-Gazette) The testimony of “Rat Emmons, once exalted and puissant in the Ku-Klux Klan. but now outside and repentant, is thrilling and absorbing. Most of it. save for certain “local details,” is “old stuff.” Much that Mr. Emmons discloses was disclosed almost a year and a half ago after the Repub-lican-Klux political scandals became rife. And much of it else had been known lng before that. We make no undertaking to discount the interest and value c£ the testimony given by Mr. Emmons in Attorney General Gilliom’s suit to oust the Ku-Klux Klan frow lawful status in Indiana. If what he swears to can have effect to that end, more strength to his candor and more power to his jaw. But there is a disposition to make a great deal of the Emmons’ testimony as a “revelation,” fresh and tremendous. It is not a revelation save, as we say, in resoect to some of Its “local details.” Mr. Emmons gave testimony be-

THEREUPON he commanded one of his men to plunge a dagger into his own heart; another to leap into the Tigris and drown; and a third to fling himself from a precipice. They obeyed. ‘Relate,” said their commander to his enemy, “what you ha\'e seen; before the evening your general shall be chained among my dogs." Dynastic quarrels flared up: when the Abbassides overthrew the Onuniades they offered friendship and clemency to the defeated, and invited them to a feast of reconciliation; the defeated came, and tire victors had them slain as they sat down to eat. “The board was spread over their dying bodies," says Gibbon, “and the festivity of the guests was enliA'ened by the music of their dying groans.” With them the Culiphate itself began to die. These were the internal causes of decay; add to them the inevitable changes in commerce and industry and the invasions of savage hordes from the distant East. The power of the Moorish empire bad rested upon the resumption of caravan trade after the decay of Rome and the disappea-ance of great fleets; it fell when the cities of Europe grew rich enough to build fleets once more for the transport of their goods. a a a NOR was it the stopping of the Arab army by Chartes Martel at Tours that proved the turningpoint in Arab history; it was the coming of the Mongols, warriors

What Other Editors Think

fore the Reed committee when that body wax looking into Senatorial primaries and elections in Indiana. He has furnished interviews to newspapers. He has something to say and freely says it. Now if Editor Tom Adams and “Pat” Emmons could have obtained the general ear as readily a year and a half ago as the former cyclops of the St. Joseph County klavem is able to get it now, there would have been a deal of good business done which now remains for somebody to do. It will be recalled that in September and October, 1926. Editor Adams and his associates in the Republican clean-up crusade were trying to get at Dave Stephenson. That was denied them. They have a hard fight to procure any investigation at all and then two Marion County grand

Questions and Answers

You can get an answer to any answerable question of fact or Information by writing to Frederick M. Kerby. Question Editor. The Indianapolis Times. Washington Bureau, 1322 New York Ave., Washington. D. C.. enclosing two cents in stamps for reply. Medical and )e----?al advice cannot be given, nor can exended research be made. All other ouesttons will receive a personal reply. Unsigned requests cannot be answered. All Jeter* are confidential. You are cordtallv invited to make use of this free service as often as you please. EDITOR. How can I collect a debt owing to me by an enlisted man in the United States Army? Write to the commander of the company of the debtor soldier and request that he (the commander) use his influence toward the settlement of the debt of one of his men. To obtain the name of the company commander, write the Adjutant General of the Army, Wsr Department, Washington, D. C. You can not sue the soldier. Who was resopnsible for the organization of the American Legion? No single individual seems to have been responsible for Its organization. At the close of the war, many suggestions and proposals for some kind of organization or association of veterans were made by different individuals and groups, and out of these several war veterans societies developed, chief among them being the American Legion. Tne founding of this organization grew out of a meeting held in Paris, Feb. 15, 1919, by a representative group of mem-

even more ruthless and ferocious than the Moors. In 1218 Genghis Khan swept down on Turkestan, using the guns and the gunpowder that China had taught him to nuke; he died before he could conquer the earth, but his successors marched to the very gates of Vienna, and on their ."c----turn destroyed Bagdad, slaying eight hundred thousand persons there alone. In 1400 Temerlane led another inundation. scattering ruin and uprooting culture wherever he passed. Finally the Ottoman Turks, a branch of the Mongol race, appeared in Asia Minor in the fifteenth caitury; their barbarian vigor drove everything before them; city after city of the Arab empire fell, and even the ancient Christian capital built on the Bosphorus by Constantine. Though the conquerors accepted Mohammed's congenial faith, they could not absorb the civilization which they found. Bagdad became a village again, and Asia Minor faded once more from history. In 1492 the weakened Moors were expelled from Spain by a dynasty strengthened with the growth of oceanic trade. The mosques were transformed into cathedrals, the inquisition replaced the caliphate, and a lazy agriculture replaced the busy commerce of Arab and Jewish days. The exiled Moors crossed into barbarous Africa, and forgot their ancient arts. Arab culture died and the curtain fell upon one of the bloodiest epochs in human history. (Copyright, 1928. by Will Durant) To Be Continued

juries went to the bad before one was procured upon which any dependence could be rested. Something finally came of it all, including the grotesque acquittal of Governor Ed Jackson the other day. But there are other details of the business still to be transacted. What of Senator Arthur R. Robinson. the Stephenson protege, who gave Cyclops Emmons the touchstone by clasp of hand and said “You know me, Pat.” What of Robinson's klansmanship? What of Robinson’s appointment to the United States Senate? And what, finally, of sending Robinson back to the United States Senate this year? Does the outraged Republican press of Indiana, standing now aghast at the Emmons “revelations.” mean to allow Robinson’s renomination to be gained by default?

bers of the National Guard and National Army, then overseas, to consider plans for the organization of a World War veterans association. Major Eric Wood was chiefly responsible for calling this meeting and Lieut. Col. Bennett Clark, son or Champ Clark, was elected chairman. Lieut. Col. Theodore Roosevelt Jr. was selected to superintend the forming of an organization in the United States and at a convention held in St. Louis, Mo.. May 8 to 10, 1919, the American Legion was officially organized and Major Henry D. Lindsley, Dallas. Tex., was chosen temporary commander. Does Tetanus or lockjaw usually follow vaccination? It has followed, not from the operahon itself but from subsec/.ient infection from the use of unsterilized instruments and impure vaccine. This seldom happens. Where and when did Livingstone, the explorer die? He died at Chitambo's Village, south of Lake Bangweolo, Africa, May, 1873. His fatihful followers carried his body to the coast and the remains were taken to England gnd burled in Westminster Abbey, London, in April, 1874. What Is the translation of “Alethes Philia?” The words are Greek. A literal translation is "true friendship.”

FEB. 25, 1928

TRACY SAYS: ‘We Have Coyne to a Point Where Our Parties Arc Merc Organizations to Proryiote Politics; the Old Line-Up Is Just Strong Enough to Hold Together and W*ak Enough to Be Incapable of Functioning.”

Before getting too excited over Secretary Hoover's declaration that he is opposed to repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment, let u* colsider where other presidents candidates stand. Governor Smith of New York advocates “nothing that will infringe upon the provisions of the Eighteenth Amendment;" former Governor Lowden of Illinois agrees with President Ccolidge “that all citizens ought to obey the law;” Senator James A. Reed does not think “the prohibition question ought to control the convention;” Senator Charles Curtis of Kansas favors rigid enforcement, and so does Senator Frank Willis of Ohio, while Governor Ritchie of Maryland, though believing the Volstead act must be modified because it cannot be enforced, is silent with regard to the Eighteenth Amendment. Read it and weep, all you who had hoped that 1928 would give birth to legal beer. tt tt tt Safety First Platforms Nicholas Murray Butler's prophecy that Smith or Richie may lead the Democrats to victory because of their stand against prohibition must be dismissed as so much conversation. The Democrats would not let either one of them do it, no matter how willing he might be. More or less loose talk is permissible at this stage of the game, but when it comes to writing the platform. that good old safety first complex will have its inning. a a a Al Smith’s Chances Governor Fuller of Massachusetts, sizes up the political situation with horse sense. He says, “If the Republicans put over some candidate nominated by the bosses in a back room at 2 o'clock in the morning, and the Democrats nominate Al Smith, I believe Smith will be elected President of the United States." “If the Democrats do not nominate Al Smith,” he says, “They had better disband or else reorganize the party as a free trade council of the Ku-Klux Klan with Tom Heflin as head kleagle.” tt tt tt Men Rather Than Issues Because of circumstances so obvious that the man in the street understands them perfectly well, the next presidential campaign will turn on men rather than issues: not that issues are lacking, but that most of them find each party inarticulate with dissension. Realizing that both parties have become practically helpless as vehicles of definite expression because of internal discord over most important questions, the people are looking to the character and personality of the respectltve candidates more closely than anything else. Insofar as the character and personality of a candidate may represent issues, those issues will play an essential part. Otherwise issues will be sidestepped or ignored in favor of a line-up based on an individual estimate of the candidates. a a a Campaign of Names There have been very few elections in American history in which the voting turned so largely on personal appeal and personal fitness as it will in 1928. One hears very little discussion of problems from a partisan standpoint. So far as the man in the street is concerned, there is no Democratio or Republican policy with regard to flood control.i farm relief, foreign trade, tax reduction, power regulation and other important questions. The talk revolves about names— Hoover, Dawes, Smith, Reed, Richlai and the rest. What the Democrats or Republicans will do is not measured by party machines, but by the man they may name. Public opinion visualizes a very different Republican administration under Hoover than under Lowden, and a very different Democratic administration under Smith than under George. The platforms that may b written will be accepted as mere conversations. This is not a sound or healthy condition, but it is a fact. tt tt tt Colorless Lineups We have come to a point where our parties are mere organizations to promote politics. So far as the basic principles of government are concerned there is mere difference between factions ireither party than between the parties themselves; more difference between Tammany Hall and the Heflin crowd, or between the farm bloc and Wall Street than between Republicans and Democrats in Congress. Practically every important vote that has occurred during this session of Congress wrecked party lines We are approaching a division between progressives and reactionaries. so called, but it has not taken definite rhape as yet. The olcl line-up is just strong enough to hold together and just weak enough to be incapable of functioning. The Nation can not go on in this inarticulate way much longer, but it can and it will go through one more presidential campaign—colorless, in•slpid, immobile, because its partisan line-up does not express the division of public opinion that has come to exist. What is the world’s record for remaining under water? Six minutes and four-fifths second, made by M. Paulinquen, at Paris, France, Nov. 3, 1912.