Indianapolis Times, Volume 39, Number 161, Indianapolis, Marion County, 14 November 1927 — Page 4

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The Better Inquiry Following that spontaneous wave of deep sympathy and sadness at the loss of life, there is the usual official announcement that inquiries will be Made to discover who, if any one is guilty, for contributing to the tragedy in the apartment house fire. That is the usual thing. It is also the stupid routine, this hunting for someone to blame when no effort can bring back life to those who died. N There can be but one good result from any inquiry and that is to discover whether lives are jeopardized uselessly and what can be done, if anything, that will save other lives from similar end. Punishment is a stupid path to progress. It gets no place. It does little good. But there can be a very general and universal examination of dWelling places, a universal caution and care, to see that every precaution is taken to prevent a repetition. Human life is a very precious thing. It is the only thftig that cannot be replaced and restored. New buildings may be erected to replace those destroyed. But the lives that are taken are goine forever. If we are to deepend upon official inquiries for the protection of life, those inquiries should be made before and not after the toll of life has been taken. Mr. Mellon’s Cunning Urging the repeal of the inheritance tax, Secretary of the Treasury Andrew W. Mellon told the House ways and means committee this: "The loss In revenue will be insignificant. Owing to the 80 per cent credit on tax paid the States, it is estimated that in five years the Federal estate tax will not produce more than $20,000,000. Should It be repealed, the loss in revenue In the fiscal year 1929 will not exceed $7,000,000.” What would any normally intelligent person understand from that statement? He would understand that so far as revenue is concerned the inheritance tax Is of little value to the Government; that in 1929 it would bring in only $7,000,000; that the total receipts in five years would be only $20,000,000. The country at large did understand It so. Witnesses before the Ways and Means Committee understoop it so. Several members of the committee itself understood it so. But the receipts from the Inheritance tax last year, after making all allowances to the States, totaled $100,000,000. This year it Is estimated the receipts will be $81,500,000. And for 1929 the indicated receipts are $63,000,000—n0t $7,000,000, as Secretary Mellon’s statement would lead you to believe. What is the explanation? Was the secretary of —there was nothing simple about it. He was telling —there was nothign simple about it. He was telling the approximate truth, but telling it In a way to give a totally false impression. At the treasury the matter has been explained. Mellon, so it Is explained, meant that beginning five years from now the inheritance tax, in his opinion, will produce only $20,000,000 annually. That presumably will be due to lowered rates, and increased State participation in rebates which are allowed by the present law. As for the $7,000,000 item, he was speaking the truth there also—ln his left-handed way. While he created the Impression that the total receipts under the present law would be only $7,000,000 In 1929, he merely said that that would be the loss in receipts in 1929 if the tew should be repealed. This, it is explained for him. Is due to the fact that even if the law were repealed by the coming Congress the repeal would affect collections for only a small part of the year 1929. The greater, part of the estimated $63,000,000 would be collected just the same. About $7,000,000 would escape. There you have It. The secretary of the treasury has told the literal truth. But not since the day of Alexander Hamilton has any incumbent of that high office succeeded In telling the truth in so deceptive a manner. The performance does credit to his cunning. Secretary Mellon’s wealth Is estimated at $300,000,000. When he dies, should the present law stand, the tax collectible on his estate would be In the neighborhood of $50,000,000. The secretary does not intend that the present law shall stand, if he can find a way to destroy it. The Soviet Jubilee Soviet Russia this week is celebrating its tenth anniversary. Ten years the Liberal government of Kerensky was overthrown by a group of visionaries who dreamed of anew Elysium where there would be no money, no wages, no worry, no serious duties, no tedious responsibilities, no rich men, no poor men, no God, no heaven, no hell, no religion, no patriotism save to the Internationale, no politics, no anything, but a free and easy universal brotherhood of man. Broadly speaking city iiprkers would make pots and pans and clothes and things and country workers would raise meat and bread while on a basis of unselfish exchange city folks would be fed and country folks would be shod and clothed. Capitalism was abolished; money was declared passe; profit was taboo; gain was a misdemeanor; independence was a crime and wealth a capital offense. The new era in Russia was to usher in the millennium when all would be equal, the devil would be chained and sordid competition between mortals, fighting, each to get ahead of the rest, would be no more. Like children playing papa and mama in a mansion emptied of the older members of the family, the usurpers of the Russian empire a decade ago started up a perfectly fascinating game. Os course it did not work. Life is a terribly serious thing. Ten years have passed and the old folks have not come home. When the coal ran out the children playing papa and mama could not replace it. When roof began to leak there was nobody to fix the 'roof. When provisions ran low there was no one to

The Indianapolis Times (A SCBIPPS-HOWABD NEWSPAPEB) owned and published dally (except Sunday) by The Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 214-320 W. Maryland Street. Indianapolis, Ind. Price in Marion County. 2 cents—lo cents a week; elsewhere, 3 cents—l 2 cents a week. BOYD GURLEY. ROY W. HOWARD. W. A. MAYBORN, Editor. President. Business Manager. PHONE—MAIN 3500. MONDAY. NOV. 14, 1927. Member of United Press, Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance. Newspaper Enterprise Association. Newspaper Information Service-aad Audit Bureau of Circulations. “Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way.”— Dante.

order, and pay for, anew supply. Neighbors (Uncle Sam amongst others) had to send In food to keep the, children from starving. As the windows were broken there was nobody to fix them. When the floors rotted there were no new planks to nail down in their place. To drop metaphor, simile and all that sort of thing and talk plain English, Russia for ten years has been living more or less on her fat. What she is going to do when that gives out no one seems to know. Buildings, streets, railroads, bridges—all that goes to make up the assets of a great country—Russia had at the beginning of her experiment. What wijl she do when these things are worn out? Eefore his death the great Nicholas Lenin, father of Bolshevist Russia, saw his mistake and decreed a new economic policy. He saw that production fell off among city workers because they were not properly fed. Production slumped among farmers because they got nothing in exchange for their surplus crops. There was famine in the land and Lenin, modern creator of the idea of a paradise on earth, was likewise first to see that until mortals become gods any earthly Elysium is bound to be a flop. Had Lenin lived perhaps Russia would now be different from what it is. But he died and today his body, beautifully embalmed, lies in state In a curious wooden tomb In the center of the Red Square, Moscow, under the Kremlin wall. This week his suecessors daily stand upon his tomb and harrangue the Russian processions as they march past in mournful review. Slowly, however, the Russian children are learning. Kalinin, president of the Sbviet republic, vjhile no Lenin, is beginning to see things with the mind of a grown-up. Certainly the Russia of today, though hedged about by an international political and economic boycott, is far different from the Russia of even five years ago. Communism really does not exist there any more and something more practical, something better adapted to human limitations, is slowly but surely taking its place. A fight is on between the old school and the new and in time Russia, with her 145,000,000 people, once again take her place? within the community of nations. Europe Deluged With Dollars Figures are not always dry. Sometimes they can be chock full of human interest. For instance: European countries, tearfully or indignantly as the mood seems to strike them, have been telling us how impossible it is for them to keep up their war debt installments to us. In 1926 these amounted to about $195,000,000. During that same year, without murmur, foreign countries paid us approximately $750,000,000 in dividends and interests on our private investments abroad. Not only that, but during the first ten months of ' 1927 these same foreigners borrowed another $1,330,000,000 from us. And .while Europe’s $12,000,000,000 war debt to us was settled on a basis of 52 cents on the dollar—the Foreign Policy Association tehs us the present value of the twelve bi. lions is about $6,800,000,000 —Europeans and other foreigners have privately borrowed from us over $13,000,000,000 more. Another thing: Foreigners tell us solicitously that even if they could pay us what they owe it would be very bad for us to accept it. It plays havoc Vlth the economics of a country, they warn, to be flooded with incoming money like that. Yet American tourists last year spent 761,000.000 perfectly good American dollars abroad while foreigners in America are sending remittances back home, and similar “Invisible” items together with the above, amounted to no less than $1,025,000,000. Maximum war debt payments, due around 1987-88; amount to only about $415,000,000 if, by that time, anything is being paid on them at all. Yes, figures can be interesting—and sometimes a little amusing. I-- - ( , Krishnamurti has goos back to Bombay and told the people he has communed with Buddha. While over here Krishnamurti played several matches with American golfers. Women are adepts in thrift, say sa headline. That means that a woman can save enough on one purchase to buy something else.

Politics and'People

By RAY TUCKER

In Lewis E. Pierson, New York banker, the United States Chamber of Commerce has a fighting president. His personality and aims may serve to explain why, for the first time since Coolidge became President, business interests represented by the chamber are engaged in a clash with the administration. Mr. Pierson is a dominant sort of person. He has created one of the largest savings institutions in the country largely through his own efforts. He would apply the same methods to the Chamber of Commerce; he would transform it from a clearing house of business sentiment into a sentinel on guard only a block from the White House and the Treasury. He would carry the fight tc the public—through newspapers and public meet- gs. Within a few months after he took office h : succeeded in ranging the chamber against the Administration’s tax proposals so aggressively that it drew a presidential rebuke. Mr. Coolidge thinks the chamber’s demand for a $400,000,600 tax slice is much too generous a request. It is probable Mr. Pierson was not displeased by the notice his policies received at the White House. He is a great believer in publicity. That is one of the weapons he plans to use in forging a great business bloc, outside Congress and the Government, which would have a dominating influence in shaping national policies. No half-way methods or mild proposals for him. Here is his creed for American business: “To discharge its responsibility to Government and to the nation, American business must become militant. It must create a public opinion which can make itself felt when need arises. “It must stand boldly upon the premise that, once Government has protected life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, its next duty it to maintain American prosperity, by securing to industry the independent initiative which is our . saersd birthright from our forefathers.” Thus he has, in spirit at least, attached anew provision to the Constitution, and would have it read that one of its purposes is “to maintain American prosperity.” But the how of the matter is a question Which has been puzzling statesmen for more than 125 years. Mr. Pierson .however, believes he has the solution, and business, he says, must not be bashful about giving it; to perplexed presidents and legislators. - “When Government understands that the National Chamber of Commerce really voices the sentiment of American business,”-he told his advisers recently, “and that the American business man stands ready to fight for the things he knows the country needs, then ana only then will Go/ernment properly respond to the legitimate demands of American business-”

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

M. E. TRACY SAYS: “A Man Who Has Been Behind Bars for Eighteen Years Might as Well Be Dead for All the Good Liberty May Do Him.”

These exposures in connection with the Sinclair-Fall case are very interesting. One likes to read how the Burns detective agency was hired to put fifteen men in Washington, how they spied on the jury, how the Government caught them at it and filed affidavits which led to a mistrial, how Bums said a jury needed watching and alibied himself by charging that the Government had done some tampering on its own account and how young McMullin blew this up by swearing that what Burns charged was all a fake. In the palmiest days, neither Sir Arthur Conan Doyle nor Mary Roberts Rinehart could do better. But let no one forget that a sinister figure stands back of it all, the man who hired Burns, who footed the bill and who countenanced the dirty work with good hard cash. * * * Why Watch Juries? Asa sidelight to this miserable show, there is the question of whether juries should be shadowed in any one’s behalf. William J. Burns says they should, but he Is obviously a prejudiced witness. It is nothing less than butter on. his bread to perform such services for those who can afford it. There is enough inequality before the law because of the good talent rich people can hire and that poor people cannot, without this added handicap of watching juries. • # * Mistake of Justice The release of Oscar Slater by the British government after serving eighteen years in prison brings to mind another side of the picture. Here was a poor devil who could not afford a high-priced lawyer, much less a high-priced detective. Worse than that, he had a bad record, and his conviction for the murder of an aged Glasgow woman, in spite of the fact that the evidence against him was very flimsy, came about as a natural result. The public never believed he had a square deal, and such pressure was brought to bear on the authorities that they commuted the death sentence to one of life imprisonment. One of the three witnesses who identified him as near the murder scene was a girl of 15. In a recent affidavit, she says tha{ she never intended to make a positive identification, but was influenced to do so by the prosecution. • • * You Can Go—Where? You probably do not remember anything about the Slater case, and that is just another angle of the tragedy of it. If the law is cruel in the way it remembers, people are cruel in the way they fffget. Eighteen years ago this case was the talk of, two continents—in England because the crime had been committed there; in America because Slater was arrested in New York as he stepped off the Lusitania. The British government would not be releasing him unless it felt a mistake had been committed. If a mistake has been committed, Jf this man were wrongly convicted and unjustly imprisoned for eighteen years, he deserves more than mere permission to leave. * ♦ * As Well Be Dead People oppose capital punishment mainly because it leaves no recourse for those wrongly condemned. In 4his they are right, of course, but imprisonment as practiced under present conditions, offers little more recourse. / A man who has been behind bars for 18 years might just as well be dead for all the good liberty may do him. The cruelest phase of our legal system is its failure to provide any recompense for those whom it has unjustly convicted. * * * Synthetic Rubber German chemists claim to have discovered a practical process for making synthetic rubber. A great dye syndicate is reported to have applied for world patents and to be ready to market synthetic rubber In large quantities. If this is true, what becomes of that bugaboo—the British monopoly and all the loose talk of trouble that might arise because of it? Incidentally, what becomes of all the costly venture American firms have engaged in for the growing of rubber—the Ford plantation in Brazil, the Firestone project in Liberia and the experiments with bush rubber in the desert? * * * Inventions Swing Politics We are in the grip of science these days. If business and statecraft would know what Is going to happen, let them look to the labratory. It is common to suppose that great revolutions are Jiroughtj about by politicians of soldiers but the force that changes life, that makes it different today from what it was yesterday, is applied thought—the steam engine, dynamo, automobile, telephone, radio and a hundred and one other innovations.

What a Cinch King Solomon Had!

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(Washington Democrat) (Democratic) . .. V L. Ert Slack, a Democrat, has been chosen by the Republican city council of Indianapolis to fill out the unexpifed term of former Mayor Duvall, who resigned following his conviction on a or--t. at-... grand jury indictment charging him ztach., with obtainlng his election by fraud. Mayor OJ The new mayor was selected on Capital thirty-eighth ballot when the three Democratic members of the city council were joined by two Republican councilmen. His selection came as a shock to the two factions of Republican machine politicians, which have made a mess of municipal affairs in the capitol city, and the new mayor may expect to be the target for their efforts to embarrass his official efforts, but he will have the support of the better element in Indianapolis, and we believe Mr. Slack will measure up to his new responsibilities. Mr. Slack has been prominent in the Democratic party of Indiana. He narrowly missed his party’s nomination for Governor; he was a senatorial aspirant and served as Federal district attorney. Ht is on the legislative committee appointed to look after the amendment of the city manager statute in order to strengthen its weak points. He Is one of the leading lawyers of Indianapolis. (Evansville, Ind., Courier) n (Republican) “There was a wholesome self-criticism in America which ended, like so many fine spiritual things, with the war,” said Rabbi Stephen S. Wise, in a recent sermon. “The war won, and the Wholesome state °* mlnc * which followed was one o ~ of complete satisfaction with ourselves. oGt/- . From 1917 to 1924, the augmented maCriticism terial prosperity of the country brought about an end of self-criti-cism.” Possibly if there were more of this wholesome selfcriticism ther would be fewer scandals in public life, less possibility of such a stupid outburst as that of the Chicago mayor, less smugness about all things American. Self-satisfaction and material prosperity not balanced with intellectual and spiritual ideas have let a good many weeds grow in all branches of American life and thought since the war. But the outlook

You caa%et an answer to any question of fact or Information by writing to The Indianapolis Times Washington Bureau, 1322 New York Ave.. Washington, D. C„ Inclosing 2 cents in stamps for reply. Medical, legal and marital advice cannot he given nor can extended research be undertaken. All other questions will receive a personal reply. Unsigned requests cannot be answered. All letters are confidential.—Editor. What are “infertile eggs?” Eggs produced by hens that have no male companions. For what purpose is radium used primarily? For self-luminous paints for watch dials, etc., and in the treatment of certain types of diseases, as cancer, skin affections, etc. What part did Anna Case sing when she made her debut with the Metropolitan Opera Company? She made her debut as a Dutch boy in “Werther” in 1909. Her roles since have included Sophia in “Der Rosenkavalier,” Olympia in “Tales of Hoffman” and Micaela in “Carmen.” What causes the hair to stand on end when one is frightened? It is caused by the voluntary movements of the striped muscles of the skin. Sensations of cold or fear cause an involuntary contraction of these muscles with some people, and the sensation is that of an erection of the hair. What is the Indian word for “first bom daughter?” Winona is the Sioux word. Where is Hong-Kong? It is an island at the mouth of the Canton River and is the gateway to the Chinese port of Oanton and the vast trade with south -China. It was taken by the British in 1841 and additional territory was acquired under treaties of 1860 and 1898. It is a fortified place and is governed as a British “crown colony.” What is the Greek legend concerning the origin of the hyacinth? The god Apollo was on one occasion playing a game of quoits with a young mortal called Hyacinthus. Apollo dearly loved this young mortal and his happiest hours were passed in his company. While they played thus in Joyful companionship. the west wind came trembling by, and Zephyrus, god of the wind, looked on in jealous anger. He

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hated Apollo and in a fit of rage he caused the quoits to be blown aside. One of the quoits flew with great force against the head of Hyacinthus and inflicted a mortal wound. In a few moments Hyacinthus died in Apollo's arms, while Zephyrus disappeared. The god, grieved at the death of his friend, decided to cause some earthly thing to grow in his memory. And so he caused beautiful clusters of blossoms to spring from the drops of blood that had fallen from his friend’s head, calling them hyacinths in memory of Hyanclnthui. How many fires occur in the United States annually and how many lives are lost by that means? It has been estimated that more than 5,000 lives are lost annually In the United States by fire and that the number of fires Is nearly 400,000, or about forty an hour. Is there any way to clean rusty flatirons? Scour them with sand soap or other rough material, wash them in soap and warm water, wipe dry, heat and wax. Then rub the surplus wax off with a clean cloth. How old is Art Accord, the movie actor? He was born in 1890. What did President James Monroe do after his retirement from the presidency? He held two public posts, one as regent of the University of Virginia and the other as delegate to the Virginia constitutional convention of 1829. He was the third President to die on July 4, the year of his death being 1831. Which of the Presidents of the United States was nicknamed “The Stuffed Prophet?” Grover Cleveland. What is the right season to plant peonies? How should they be planted? Peonies should be planted In August or September In a rather heavy soil which must be very rich. Do not use raw stable manure to enrich the soil. Plant about three feet apart with crowns no more than three inches deep. After blooming,, cultivate all summer but do not cut down the foliage. The stalks and

is beginning to improve. Such men as Rabbi Wise have been outspoken in their condemnation of these things and inspired in their plea for a change. There is today an apparent upheaval in education and politics and other departments of life which indicates that the self-criticism, though not yet wholly intelligent or wisely directed, has at least begun. Everybody is out seeking new ideas and advocating public discussion of problems of mutual interest. The widespread interest in adult education, the thirst that clubs have developed for "current affairs” classes, surfly suggest dissatisfaction with the present status and a wish to improve it. Possibly even the much-ridiculed cross-word puzzle and information quiz are but lesser expressions of the national urge to know more than we do now and to understand better. We believe the revival of wholesome self-criticism has already commenced. (Muncie Press) (Republican) A representative in a State Legislature recently introduced a bill authorizing judges to bar from the courtrooms, at their discretion, all persons except those who have legitimate business Justice there, the judge to determine w'ho j these persons nuy be. The measure nus • specifically exempted newspaper rePub. icity porters, whidh Is a concession to the fundamental spirit of the Bill of Rights, but nevertheless the proposed law is an insidious infringement upon the guaranteed constitutional right of public trial. Judges now have the power, as a rule, to exclude minors or other unfit persons from a courtroom when certain kinds of trials are in progress; to restrict the number of spectators to the number of seats, and to clear the room should the audience make a demonstration. But there can be no sound reason to deny the accused in a criminal case his right to a public trial. In order that injustice may be reduced to the minimum, the eyes of the people must be focused upon all acts of the courts. Once the general public were barred from the courtroom, It would be only a step until its unofficial representatives, the reporters, also were kept out, thus leaving the pathway clear for unscrupulous political judges to “railroad” their enemies to prison without due process of law.

leaves build up next summer's flowers. What are the larger zoological parks in the world? The largest is in London; the second is the Bronx Zoo in New York City. The zoos at St. Louis, Mo., and Washington, D. C., are next in size. What Is the relative weight of gold and mercury per cubic foot? Gold, cast hammered, weighs 1,205 pounds per cubic foot; mercury weighs 849 pounds per cubic foot. . . What can be used to kill the worms on potted plants and Jn the soil around the plant? Dilute a cup of qulcklllne in a gallon of water and after slacking has ceased, pour off the clear liquid and use it to soak the soil. This will kill the worms and bring them to the surface. For the leaf worms, wash plants with soap suds made of whale oil soap. Why are shadows longer at sunrise and at sunset than In midday? Because of the difference of the angle at which the sun’s rays reach the object. What nationality is the automo-bile-race driver, Leon Duray? French. Is Tom Mix’s “Wonder Horse” Tony dead? No. Who had the leading male role in “The Covered Wagon” and who the leading female role in “The Birth of a Nation?” Lillian Gish had the leading role in “The Birth of a Nation” and J. Warren Kerrigan the leading male role in “The Covered Wagon.” How long does it take the light from the star nearest the earth to reach the earth? Alpha Centauri is the nearest star to the earth and it takes four and three-tenths years for the light to reach the earth. On what day did Aug. 10, 1884 fall? Sunday. / What is "Armageddon?” In the book of Revelation In the Bible, Chapter 16, verse 16, Armageddon is the name of the place where the last battle will be fought on the day of judgment.

.NOV. 14, 192 W

Times Readers j Voice Views

The name and addreie °f the authof muit accompany every contribution, but on request will not c.’ pub.ished Leltere not exceeding 200 word* wUI receive preference. To the Editor: The Lindsey-Gilliom-Shumaker-W. C. T. U. controversy is very Interesting.' Judge Lindsey gave them only a homeopathic dose of their own medicine but it seemed to throw the W. C. T. U. and the Shumaker gangs into a frenzy. If you don’t think Mr. Gllliom was defending God’s holy word against the W. C T. U., and the hypocritical ministers, cast your eye over the following from Holy writ: “Go thy way, eat thy bread with joy. and drink thy wine with a merry heart, for God now accepteth thy works.’’ Eel. 9: 7. “Com shall make the young men cheerful and new wine the maids.” Zach. 9: 17, "In the'*holy place shalt thou caus the strong wine to be poured unto the Lord for a drink offering.” Num. 28: 7. “Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach sake.” 1 Tim. 5: 23. If Mr. Shumaker had been in Canaan a few years ago would he have prosecuted Jesus for making a few barrels of wine? For every text in the Bible condemning wines a dozen can be cited advising or condoning the use of it. And they call it Christian temperance. The woman’s organization should change the title to W. I. P. U, Womans Infidel Prohibition Union. Intemperance is a vice, and the prohibitionists use two vices in fighting it—intolerance and hypocrisy. The bone-dry law being a failure, why not try intelligence awhile? M. MARK. Swayzee, Ind.

Old Masters

There’s not a Joy in the world can give like that it takes away, When the glow of earthly thought declines in feeling’s dull decay; ’Tis not on youth’s smooth cheek the blush alone, which fades so fast, But the tender bloom of heart la gone, ere youth itself be past. Oh, could l feci as I have felt—or be what I have been, % Or weep as I could once have wept opr many a vanished scene; As springs in desert found seem sweet, all brackish though they be, So midst the withered waste of life, those tears would flow to mel

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The Rules

1. The idea of letter golf Is to change one word to another and do it in par. a given number of strokes. Thus to change COW to HEN, in three strokes, COW, HOW, HEW, HEN. 2. You can change only one letter at a time. 3. You must have a complete word, of common usage, for each jump. Slang words and abbreviations don’t count. 4. The order of letters cannot be changed.

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Who invented the incandescent lamp? It is said that Sir Humphrey Davy, in 1810, discovered that thin strips of metal could be made to give light by tne passage ol an electrical current through them. He did not actually produce a lamp. J. W. Starr made a lamp in 1845 in which a filament of carbon was made to glow in a vacuum. The first practical type of lamp was developed in 1279 by Thomas A. Edison. Wiat Is the carbon filament of an incandescent lamp made of? It is made by dissolving absorbent cotton in a zinc chloride solu- I tion and after it forms a thick vis- 1 cous liquid It Is forced through a J die forming a threadlike filament fl that Is carbonized after it Is 4fled. fl These lamps give a yellowish light, fl