Indianapolis Times, Volume 36, Number 219, Indianapolis, Marion County, 23 January 1925 — Page 4

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_ • The Indianapolis Times ROT W. HOWARD, President. FELIX F. BRUNER, Editor. Wtt A. MATBORN, Bus. Mgr. Member of the Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance • • • Client f the United Press and the NBA. Service • • * Member of the Audit Bureau of Circulations. Published dally except Sunday by Indianapolis Time* Publishing Cos., 214-220 W. Maryland St., Indianapolis • • •Subscription Rates: Indianapolis—Ten Cents a Week. Elsewhere—Twelve Cents a Week. • • * PHONE—MA In 3500.

LUCKY ARE WE mN HIS statement to the President’s Agricultural Committee, Secretary of Commerce Hoover made some extremely pertinent observations, but none more interesting than these: That the United States can make itself economically independent of the rest of the world by properly balancing its production. ' That it can maintain a plane of living 20 to 30 per cent higher than the present one by balancing production. That it is the only nation in the world with unique economic resources and circumstances to permit complete independence with a high living standard. This is possible, he explained, because all but 10 per cent of what Americans produce is consumed at home and because the country can produce, in its wide latitude, practically everything its people need. ’ The normal increase in population, some fifteen millions a decade, is sufficient to consume practically all of the increased normal production, if production and consumption were properly balanced. Mr. Hoover’s idea hinges on two things: The first is that production be so guided that not much more is produced of any one thing than the country can eon*ume. . \ The other is that a high enough standard of wages be maintained so that consumers can afford to buy what is produced. This sounds very complicated, but to Mr. Hoover it is not. He says it is about the way production and consumption would see-saw back and forth normally, if greed did not foster overproduction and speculation, if economic waste did not upset the balance. The periods when one end of the teeter-totter or the other over-balanced the other too long have been the times when the farmers, or the wage-earners, or the consumers, have been stranded uncomfortably in mid-air, ready for the bump at the bottom. ...... By a campaign of education and Government cooperation with industry, agricultural as well as manufactory, Mr. Hoover proposes to war on waste, speculation, booms and panics, and reduce, the halts and the bumps in the American economic tee-ter-totter. It strikes us the U. S. A. is lucky not only in the lay-out that kind Providence gßve it, but in having someone who at least is tryinf to unscramble the fundamental economic truth from the hodge-podge of our complicated National life.

. UTILITIES APPEAL BILL j i-p JHE BIGGEST difficulty with the utilities appeal bill in the i * | Indiana Senate is that it did not become a law ten or twelve years a go. It is now coming too late to do a great deal of good. However, it should by all means be enacted for the little good it still can do. The bill provides that utilities which, after its enactment into a law, obtain indeterminate permits to operate from the public service commission should be allowed to appeal only to State courts. If they do net obtain satisfaction in State courts they would then be able to appeal to the United States Supreme Court. f- - present conditions, the utilities have been appealing directly to the United States District Court so often that the court has become a rate-making body. The only difficulty with the measure is that it cannot be made retroactive. Many utilities already have indeterminate jpermits and the law cannot apply to them. THE ECLIPSE EOMORROW morning a large portion of northeastern United States and southeastern; Canada will become as dark as night. A much larger portion of the continent, including Indiana, will be in varying degrees of twilight The forces of nature will be at work as they have worked for countless thousands of years. The sun’s face will be obscured. Nothing that man could do would prevent it. Man, frequently large in his own estimation, is merely a tiny spec on a comparatively small point of matter in the universe. He does a lot of things on that little spot of matter known as the earth, but there his influence ends. In the universe be is as comparatively important as a microbe on a pea. But it frequently takes something like the coming eclipse to m&i e him think of it.

Leave Schools to States

BY HUBERT QUICK A GAIN the agitation comes op for a national department of •mJ education, with a secretary of education in the Cabinet and all that. I have been an educator since I was 18: For many years I taught school. I have been teaching with my pen and investigating educational matters ever since. I have confidence In the correctness of my view on this proposed law. I am opposed .to it. I am against it in any form in which it may be framed. lam opposed to placing so great a thing as our educational system under the dominance of Washington. Oh, I know they say It would not destroy local responsibility, but I believe that it will eventually If this law is passed. Responsibility for schools should be local. The State is a large enough unit. Our educational system needs making over in many ways. Our rural schools are the worst. What they need is not money so much a a new vision of what is required by our children. We shall get no vision from Washington. The educators themselves are the .people who make these schools bad. They are mainly moesbacks. They have learned the educator’s trade md they don’t want the system changed. I know them as well os I know my right hand. A department of education would simply add power to the mosshackIsm in education in the United States. |fe would centralize. it. kit would put moasbackism on a pinnacle of power. What we need is

the spirit of Innovation in education, of. experiment, of local differences. Unify the schools in management, as they would be unified in spite o t> what the promoters say, under a Federal department, and innovation and experiment would be struck a blow from which it could hardly recover. It is weak enough as it is. Money is not what, the schools want. They want brains and inspiration. Booker Washington built up a better school than ever existed for any people before his day without money. Let us have no federalization of the schools. Let this great field of effort for the children be left to the people. Let every State have as bad schools as it is willing to endure. The very fact of their badness may lead them to better things that the so-called veteran States in good education have had. The demands for this new department are made by very well meaning people who simply think that “there ought to be t law.” Let’s leave something to the States. Prisoner Tries Suicide Herman Hey, 901 N. East St., who is held at the Marion County jail waiting to be taken to the Indiana State prison to begin a two-to-four-teen-year sentence, attempted to take his life Thursday night by cutting ap artery in his left arm. He was rushed to the city hospital and I later returned to jail. He probably

BRITAIN BALKS AT STOPPING WORLD TRAFFIC IN OPIUM

Simms Calls John Bull Modem Dr. Jeky! and Mr, Hyde. By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS r-p, "|HE bitter row at Geneva between England and the ——l United States over the opium traffic serves to turn the spotlight on John Bull in his least enviable role—that of an international Jekyl and Hyde. The flat refusal of Viscount Cecil, British delegate to the International Opium Conference, even to consider the American proposal—made by Stephen G. Porter to bring the drugging of the Far East to a gradual end over a period of ten years—sounds unaccountably and unbelievable save to those familiar with John Bull’s Jekyl-Hyde history. Cultured apd enlightened to the limit in moat things, when John gets away from home and mixes in trade and the exploitation of native populations, he turns from a likable Dr, Jekyl into a most unprepossessing Mr. Hyde. Most people, for instance, blame China for the opium evil The shoe is on the other foot. Europe, mainly England, is to blame. The poppy had been known to China for twelve centuries and used in medicine for nine centuries before anybody ever thought of smoking It. Then the Idea came from Europeans trading in Formosa in the seventeenth century. Opruni Is Bootlegged In the eighteenth century Emperor Tung Ching tried to stop the stuff being brought in by the British, Portugese and Dutch, but, like booze into the United States, it was bootlegged across her borders and past shores in immense quantities despite his edict. In 1839, by which time the British In India were the chief purveyors of opium to the Chinese, a powerful Cantonase official named Lin objected to the presence of an “opium row,” or fleet .of drug-laden British ships, off Cahton and appealed to John Bull to disperse it. John Bull —Mr. Hyde—did nothing. Whereupon Lfn seized the cargoes—2o,ooo chests —and destroyed them. Which brought on a war with England—the “opium war.” England licked China, of course, annexing Hong-Kong, levied a big indemnity and -made Canton, Amoy, Foochow, Ningpo and Shanghai “treaty ports” which had to take British opium and whatever else was brought to, whether the Chinese liked it or not. In 1907, however, Britain agreed that to the degree China quit cultivating opium—for by this time China had made a home industry of it—she would taper off bringing it in from India. And to the world’s astonishment, China put a stop to poppy growing.

Poppy Growing Encouraged Btit not for long. Since the revolution of 1912 the country has been in the hands of corrupt politicians and bandits, and in aome of the provinces growing the drug is encouraged. So China today is back where she was in 1907. Opium is coming in from India and elsewhere, not only as opium, but in the form of morphine and the other derivations. In 1922 India produced 1,460 tons of opium. The British make a government monopoly of it, licensing the whole business, from the poppy fields to the 6,400 retail shops scattered throughout India. Turkey came second, according to the latest available figures, but a poor second, with only 240 tons, and Persia third, with 162 tons. What China produces is an unknown quantity. Sales in India from 1917 to 1922, Inclusive, amounted to 4,780 tons, and, In addition, some 8,546 tons Were exported. - Holland buys considerable opium from Britain to sell to the natives the Dutch Indies, principally Java, Sumatra and Borneo. In British North Borneo nearly half the revenue comes from licensing opium, gambling and pawnbrokifig shops—a trio which would seem to go together well. The opium menace now threatens the United States. The same,ships that smuggle rum can just as easily, and more profitably, smuggle narcotic dorfgs; and the same bootleggers, often in cahoots with corrupt officials, can as easily distribute it. Which is why the British press claim more opium per capita is sold to Americans than is sold to the people of India—as'was claimed by Viscount Cecil and disputed by Representative Porter—Official figures in this country to the contrary notwithstanding. / Wastes There are wastes which arise from wide-spread unemployment during depressions, and from speculation and overproduction in booms; wastes attributable to labor turnover and the stress of labor conflicts; wastes due to intermittent and seasonal production, as in the coal and construction Industries; vast wastes fqpm structures in commerce due to inadequate transportation, such as the lack of sufficient terminals; wastes caused by excessive variations in products; wastes in materials arising from lack of efficient processes; wastes by fire; and wastes in human life. —Report of the Secretary of Commerce. Money Well Spent The development of the rivers and harbors of the country is greatly to, the benefit of all the people and Is the greatest economy that could be practiced.—Rep. Llnthicum (D) Md. Pacific Air Defense The Navy has thirteen air stations, and only (me is located on the Pacific Coast. Yet we keep the larger part of our Navy on the Pacific Ocean. —Sen. Dill (D) Wash. Fioner Mason Dies Bv Timet Special RICHMOND, Ind., Jan. 23. Funeral arrangements were being made today for Samuel Marian, 1)4, Oldest in Masonry in the

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

RIGHT HERE IN INDIANA — By GAYLORD NELSON

Speedway SHE HOUSE yesterday chloroformed the bill to jjrohibit commercialized racing on Memorial day. The measure was aimed at the Indianapolis Speedway —and its automobile classic. Os course the Speedway race isn’t elevating. It contribute* very little

to the spectators’ moral, spiritual, or int ell e ctual betterment. Yet it has been a useful factor in the improvement of automobile design. The objection to it—and the motive that prompted the bill—is the fact that it is held on Memorial day. The puritanical decry it as a shocking des-

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NELSON.

ecration of a solemn holiday. Perhaps so, but the average person is very negligent about the proper observance of holidays. A Fourth of July orator tears the tail feathers from the eagle before empty benches. A pair of prizefighters on the same day draw 80,000 frenzied spectators. This doesn’t indicate lack of patriotism. It merely shows that peoIncome Tax In order that they may take full advantage of the exemptions provided by the revenue act of 1924, taxpayers are reminded tha.t a single person if he or she is the head of a family Is allowed the same exemption as a married person—s2,soo. Under the proceeding act this $2,500 exemption was allowed only when the net income v.-as $5,000 or less. If in excess of $5,C00 the exemption was $2,000. A head of a family is defined by the latest tax regulations as a person who actually supports and main-’ tains in one household one or more Individuals who are closely connected with him by blood relationship, relationship by marriage or by adoption and whose right to exercise family control and provide for these dependent individuals Is based upon some moral or legal obligation.” Mere support of relatives does not entitle a taxpayer to a status as the head of a family. The dependent must be a member of the taxpayer’s household. In addition to the personal exemption of $2,500, a head of a family is allowed a credit of S4OO for eafch person depending upon him or for 'hief support if such person is under .8 years of age or incapable of 4elf support because mentally or physically defective. Such dependent need not be a relative nor need he be a member of the taxpayer's household. . Following are examples of the exemption and credits allowed a head of a family: A son supports in his one household an aged mother and two sisters both under 18 years of age. The son’s net income for 1924, was $4,000. He Is allowed exemption of $2,500 as the head of a family, plus a credit of S4OO for each of the three dependents, a total of $3,700. A son living in New York supports an aged father living in Baltimore. The son's income was $3,000. If single, he is allowed only an exemption of SI,OOO £nd a credit of S4OO for his dependent father, the latter not being a member of the son’s household. A widower with one dependent child has a net income for 1924 of $3,000. He is' entitled to the exemption of $2,600 as the head of a family, plus the S4OO credit for a dependent. |f How to Get Power The two chief ways in which water power development and navigation may be correlated are, first by affording opportunity for slack-water navigation in the pools behind dams erected primarily for power development, and second, by increasing the low water flow and redueing'the liability to flood damage through the utilization of storage reservoirs, also erected primarily for purposes of power development.—Report of the Federal Power Commission. A Vital Chemical There Is hardly an Industry in the United States that does hot depend upon sulphur or sulphuric acid in some proportion or compound or in some form. Without it you could not make cloth or textiles of any kind, you could not makp paper, you could not vulcanize rubber, you could not make explosives necessary for national defense, yota could not have any artificial fertilizer.— Rep. Mansfield (D) Texas. 1

Holy Year Pilgrimages to Rome —1925 Pope Pius XI has proclaimed 1925 the Holy Year in Rome. Among the privileges extended only during Holy Year will be admission to the four Basilicas through the Porta Santa. Moderate priced tours to Tours all sail from New York Rome at convenient inter- on 12,000-ton, oil-burning S. S. vals during 1925. "Colombo." For Full Information See Richard A. Kurtz, Mgr. Foreign Deot. Th. Union Trust Cos. - 120 II Market St. MA in 1576.

pie take holidays as opportunities to relax and enjoy themselves in pursuits they like begt. If every holiday sporting event was prohibited thqpe occasions would not be more fittingly observed. People would still seek personal enjoyment. A person can be Just as disrespectful on Memorial dky by lying in the shade aa at the Speedway race. Notches mwo youths and a girl were sentenced in Criminal Court for robbery. The trio had toured the country for several months in an automobile, with robbery as a sideline. For every felonious "job” they pulled they cut a notch In the steering wheel of their machine. There were nearly one hundred notches when their career was halted by the judge. The picturesque desperado of the two-gun West notched the handle of his six-shooter. Every notch marked a killing. Now beardless youths cut a steering wheel to record petty thefts. What a degenerate age! Alkali Ike, the Pecos Kid and othi ers of that ilk must turn over in their graves at the desecration of the once proud symbol of the bad man. Nevertheless, there Is a spiritual kinship between those western gunmen and these present youthful sneak thieves. Each Is bad according to his lights an£ opportunities. Each Is Irksome to society. Consequently the notch Is significant, whether it is cut In the handle of a revolver or a steering wheel. It proclaims that he who cut It is bad, and glories in his badness. Society can’t do much with one who has that mental and spiritual attitude but lock him up.

1 Odors rtTjk EST Indianapolis and south \U side civic associations are backing a proposal tq prohibit erection of slaughter houses, or other plants emitting obnoxious odors, within the corporate limits of a city. This would hit the Indianapolis packing industry and many enterprises in the State. An industrial plant with an aggressive aroma stunts residential property values In the neighborhood. However, a brawny, passionate odor seldom slays outright. It may curl the victim’? hair, tariish the gold fillings of his teeth, peel the paint off his house, darken the sun —but the victim lives. We are progressing in the abatement of smells. A resident of‘West Indianapolis couldn’t live In the Paris of Louis XIV. The open sewers and lack of sanitation existing then would have paralyzed his sensitive nostrils. Wild public., smells were fought with strong perftime —but it must have been a drawn battle. We have eliminated much of that. A few wisps of obnoxious odor, however, still cling to some industries. In time they will have to go. They can't be eliminated by moving the offending Industries —they will have to be suppressed by science and technical advances. Industries, even the most odoriferous, cannot be separated from people. Respect SRAFFIC court ground out its weekly grist yesterday with the mpyor an Interested spectator. He wanted to check up on the effects of the Intensive speed drive he hag ordered. He spoke to the defendants, and pointed out the seriousness of fast driving. It was a very exemplary plea for law observance. Then he said* "A fellow knows when he is speeding. I have done it myself, but I don’t do it In Indianapolis, I go to some other town.” Os course he didn’t seriously mean that—perhaps. He was only seeking to convince them he is not a cold, lofty, civic monument, but just one of the “boys.” Nevertheless that one remark is the answer to the whole problem of reckless driving. v Speeding in Podunk is as dangerous to life as in Indianapolis. Physical hazards not geography make the practice offensive. i Yet Podunk’s mayor who wouldn’t speed at home, because of the bad example—will do so elsewhere, without a moral qualm. The mayor of Indianapolis, likewise, will speed in Podunk. They merely reflect the normal attitude of most people. Violation of traffic, and other minor laws. Is not considered morally reprehensible—at most it is inexpedient. Respect for a law must precede law enforcement.

WHAT DO YOU WANT TO KNOW?

You can get an answer to any question of fact or information by writing (o The Indianapolis Times Washington Bureau. 1322 New York Ave.. Washington. D. C.. inclosing 2 cents in stamps for reply. Medical, legal and marital advice cannot be given, nor can extended research be undertaken. All otlie,r questions will receive a personal reply. Unsigned requests cannot be answered. All letters are confidential —Editor. Is the use of cotton of very great antiquity? It is known to. have been used in India 3,000 years ago. Doed the death rate exceed the birth rate? The annual death _ rates in the twenty-six largest-cities of the world are only about three-fifths of the birth rates, according to figures Compiled by a French statistician. His reports show that for every-40,-000 inhabitants an average of 25Q births and 154 deaths occurred , in the large metropolitan centers for the year ended July 1, 1923. How is concrete colored red? Cinnabar Is mixed with cement to produce a bright red concrete arid carmine Yo produce a violet red. Did Presidents John Quincy Adams, Fillmore, Arthur and Van Buren have any nicknames applied to them such as “Silent Cal” is applied to President Coolldge.? John Quincy Adams was called “Old Man Eloquent;” Fillmore, “The American Louis Philippe’;” Arthur, “Our Chest,” and Van Buren, “Little Magician.” * Are Florence Vidor, movie actress, and King Vidor, movie director, related? They are husband and wife. Does the Bible mention the number of Magi or Wise Men in the account of their visit to the infant Christ? The number of Magi is not stated in the Bible. The. nuriiber three is assumed, from the gifts being three, gold, frankincense and myrrh, and

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from the passage in Psalms 72:10, “The kings of Tarshish and of the Isles shall bring presents; the kings of Sheba and Saba shall offer gifts.” How does the Persian cat differ from the Angora? The head of the Persian is somewhat larger; ears less pointed, and the body is larger wijh broader and stronger loins. The tall is somewhat longer and turns slightly upward at the Up, and has a greater growth of hair at the end instead of at the base. When was the first mint established in the United States and what was the first coin produced? At Philadelphia by the Coinage Act of April 2, 1792. The first producUon was the copper cent of 1793. What and where Is “The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes?” The Mt. Katmai region In Alaska is so called by the Indians. The NaUonal Geographic Society reports the Katmai crater the largest *n the world, nine miles in circumference, and 3,600 feet deep. The region has over 1,000 vents within an area -jt 100 square miles. It has been called one of tbe wonders of the world. On what day of the week did Dec. 29, 1861, fall? Sunday. What are the non-magnetic metals? * For all ordinary purpones metals other than nickel, iron, cobalt, and magnetic may be considered nonmagnetic. There are many other substances, however that are feebly magnetic. Can you give the ingredients of fireproof paint? Four pounds of asbestine powder, 1 pound of alininate of soda, 1 pound of lime, 3 pounds of silicate of soda, coloring, water. Mix the solid ingredients together, then tint the mix-

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ture with the staining color; stir in the soda silicate and reduce with water to a workable consistency. In what years since 1860 did the first day of November come on Thursday? In 1860, 1866, 1877, 1883, 1894, 1900, 1906, 1917, 1923. By'whom was the book ‘Mademoiselle De Maupin," written, and when and by'what-firm was it published? By Theophile Gautier, and published in 1920, by the firm of A. A. Knof, New York City. Is the name “Montana" an appropriate one for the State? The word is a Latin one meaning “Mountainous region," and is appropriate to this State on account of the nature of its topography. Did Noah Webster ever write anything except the dictionary? He wrote “Sketches of American Policy,” and “The Grammatical Institute.” Is the same dollar mark used in Canada as in the United States? Yes. How many pounds of milk are there to the gallon? 8.6 pounds. r~ When was King Alphonso of Spain born? May 17, 1886. Is it correct to say, “had rather?" This is accepted in English as an idiom and sanctioned by the beet literary use as an Idiomatic expression. Who invented the safety razor? Michael Hunter, and Englishman, Sheffield, England, about 1875. He was, however, merely an ordinary razor with a guard.

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