Indianapolis Times, Volume 36, Number 188, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 December 1924 — Page 4

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The Indianapolis Times ROT W. IIOWAUD, resident FELIX F. BRUNER. Editor. WM. A. MAY BORN. Bus. Mgr. Mrmhr of the Scripps Tlnward Newspaper AUiscr” * * * <Tlont of the United the SEA Service and the Srripps-Paine Service. * • * Member of the Audit Bureau of Circulations. Published daitv except Sundav by Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos. 214 220 W Maryland St., Indianapolis • • ♦ Subscription Rates: Indianapolis—Ten Cents a Week. Elsewhere—Twelve Cents a Week. * • * PHONE—MA in 3500.

MUSCLE SHOALS AGAIN C r— CONGRESS has Muscle Shnals up again. To keep it or to turn it over to the private interests is the question. There shouldn’t he any question about it. Remembering how Muscle Shoals was started should be enough. The United States was at war. Nitrates needed to make ammunition for the Army and Navy were costly and scarce because they came from a foreign source. Great dams at Muscle Shoals were begun to produce power, which in turn produces nitrates so that never again would the United States be caught in a war without adequate nitrate supplies. When danger threatened there wasn’t any question about cast nor about ownership. The Government would provide what money it took to cmplete the works and the Government would own Muscle Shoals, because it was needed for safety of the country. Peace has ended that particular danger, but the basic proposition is not changed. The country must not be caught in another war without adequate nitrate sources. The way for the Government to keep prepared is to keep Muscle Shoals. Already $135,0<*0,000 of public funds have been spent on the project. The main dam is about finished. The power that the Government needed in the last war is there. The nitrates that keep the guns going in war times will keep farms fertilized in peace time. If the country were plunecd into war tomorrow. Congress would not debate over public or private ownership. It would keep Muscle Shoals. Then why debate today? LOOKS LIKE TURKEY | j j UST a few facts, to promote holiday crood will and cause I J 1 you to read our Christmas advertisements with cheer and determination. The November business failures were the smallest in the past five years. With 100 for a monthly average, the manufacturing output stands at 120 or better. With ion as the index in the year 1010. the movement of crops stands at 246. The demand for railway bonds is very heavy. Sterling exchange is the highest in two years past. French francs have moved np 25 points, and there is an upward movement in French and Scandinavian securities. This foreign improvement is good for us, because we’ve got to take foreign money for a lot of things. Nobody glooming, and the Christmas turkey hangs high. BUSINESS'SENSE? NEVER \Y j F HAVE watched but recently the Government’s expendi* ** ture of many thousands n a program wh >se ultimate end was the complete destruction of $.‘55,000,000 worth of naval property, and our surprise and disgust was immeasurable. We could not clearly understand why it was not possible to make the good ship Washington totally unlit for war without converting it into a complete and net waste. If it cost $35,000,000. it certainly must have possessed values that were not solely warlike and that might have been conserved for peaceful uses—a mere business idea, of course. Now we learn that the War Department, the past year, has disposed of $128,000,000 worth of surplus war material at prices aggregating only 36 per cent of the original cost. This means that Uncle Sam pockets a loss of 64 per cent, or about $81,000,000. Even the Indiana highway commission did not do much worse with the war material it received from the Government Apart from their relation to the heavy and damnable burdens of war, these incidents plainly indicate not only how utterly reckless is this Government with the money of the people, but how woefully lacking in business sense are those to whom we intrust the Nation’s business. “Buy at any cost and sell at any price” is a miserable motto for man or nation, but it seems to prevail at Washington.

John B. Alden, Enlightener

By HERBERT QUICK SHERE died at Neshanic. X. J., a few days ago a man who has had a wonderful life and been most useful to humanity. He died on a small farm, where for a long time he had been a poultry raiser. Forty years ago no name was better known in the reader's world than his. The name is John R. Alden. More than forty years ago he founded the business of exchanging books for his customers. Many people had books which they no longer wanted. But somewhere was a person who did desire that very book and who wished he could exchange with the former —or it was more complex than that. John B. Alden established the business of getting bonks out of hands which did not want them and into those where they were wanted. This was the American Book Exchange. Then he discovered that he could print the books cheaper than he could exchange them. So the American Book Exchange became a publishing house. Must Be Good His rule was. first, that the books should be good; second, that they should be cheap, and third, that they should be well enough made so that they were serviceable. I have just risen from this writing to take from my library shelves a set of Macaulay's History' of England, which was sold me by Alden in ISSO. It is still in good condition. It is all the copy of that great work which I have ever had. I believe It cost me $2. It is bound in cloth and is in four volumes. Out of the American Book Exchange grew the publishing house of J ohn B. Alden & Cos. It failed in a financial panic many years ago and Mr. Alden disappeared from the publishing But he had done a great thing. ‘ He had made millions read good books.

He had sold books so cheaply that almost any one could buy them. He was the great reformer of the publishing world. lived for Others He was never anything hut a most useful citizen, even after his publishing career was over. He carried on for years a very active agitation for postal savings banks. He could not live for himself alone. Jle always lived and worked for his fellow-man. But I think that the man sold me those cheap books back in the eighties, when I was hungry for knowledge and could not have bought books save for Ills work, and who always sold nothing but the best literature, is entitled to this need of praise. He. democratized literature. He opened a way to it for the masses. lle was so successful that for years he was liic great problem in the publishing world, here and in Great Britain. The American Book Exchange is gone, John B. Alden & Cos., is gone but John B. Alden is still with us. He lives in the minds and in the affections of thousands like me, who remember his as John B. Alden, the enlightener. Nature The liner Palmella ran into Hull. England, recently, with one of her holds half full of water. While divers were investigating, it was noticed that the water made n** gain. Finally the. hold was pumped out. when it was found that a rivet had fallen out of a plate and an eel had become wedged in the hole, stopping the leak. Cnited States Department of Agriculture received two small seed packages of durum wheat from Russia, twenty-six years ago, and planted them. Descendants of that seed produced forty millions of bushels of durum wheat in this country in 1924.

SOLOMON IN ALL HIS SPLENDOR — He Wasn’t Dressed Like Members of U. S, Senate, Times V?athinrtton Bureau, I Sew York Arc. ASHINGTON, Doc. 10.—Eight members of the United States Senate, single handed and alone, struggle to keep alive a tradition. It used to he, a few years ago, that the cutaway coat was just as essential to the rank and bearing of United States Senators ns the white toga with purple stripes was to the Roman Senator. Rut the modem age has Invaded even that sacred chamber where precedent and precedence hold such tyrannical sway. Eighty-eight Senators appear daily in business suits of varying color and cut. And only eight hold out for meticulous formality and the cutaway coat. The most amazing part of the whole thing is the personnel of the sartorial sticklers. You would expect the formalists to be from Massachusetts, say, or New York. And Henry Cabot Lodge did cling to the convention when he was living. But with his passing a strange incongruity became apparent. It is the West, always expected to break traditions rather than preserve them, that new keeps alive the glory of bygone days. Cutaway Coats California is the only State completely and exclusively represented by Senators who never appear on the floor of the Senate with any but cutaway coats and striped gray trousers. Hiram Johnson and Fam Fhortridp, are always in snugly cut coats that look as if they had been molded to them, black satin braid on collar and cuffs: always with white cord at the edges of their vests; always with glasses: the last word in conservative dignity. And Collette, popular conceptions to the contrary, invariably wears a cutaway with gray trousers and spats. You'll not find a more conventionally dressed man in all the length at. 1 breadth of the land Ashursf of \r:zona is another who is never seen without his long, braided afternoon coat, and so is Senator Warren of Wyoming Then ther* are Edwards of New Jersey and Overman of North Carolina. a.lv ays :n f -rnial garb. Heflin is the first man to catch the eye of tie visitor to the galleries, but ’his Is because of the broad expanse of white vest that bis open ■ ufaway cot reveals. It is doubtful whether his colleagues would recog n:re ’be Alabo me orator if that vest ;bi fail to appear. It has become so much a par’ of him. Ralston of Indiana ought to lie Included in the list, perhaps, for he wears a cutaway, but his coat as w> l! as his trousers Is gray, and that robs hint of much of the dignity he would otherwise have. Wears Trick Collar Speaking of senatorial garb the r> 1 carnation of Senator Copeland, the one bright touch in the somber croup, must not be overlooked. And there’s Senator Shlpstead’a collar Ships!i is a handsome young man with enough gray hair to make him look distinguished, but he will wear a wit.:- < ollar with his necktie showing almost -ill the way around his n<-ck, and it does make him look odd. < itherwise lie is punctiliously clothed, even if lie is- a member of the Farmer Ed "r i arty. Senator Th -mas Walsh is the one man in the Senate who can wear a brown suit nnd look distinguished in it Senator Pepper of Pennsylvania, who has hair and mustache almost as white as Walsh's, tries ai ■ dor ind sinks nto mi dlocrity. Senator Curtis, new floor leader, will never be noted for distinction jin dress. His sack coat ;* often wrinkled and is always hanging open as he walks about Borah is another notable who won't dress the part. But practically nil the Senators at one time nr another appear in dressed up clothes. The gallery fans have learned to forecast the day's events and speakers rather accurately by the attire displayed. A cutaway coat means a big (speech tin ked away in hip pocket. Business suit —nothing out of the ordinary contemplated. Tom Sims Says Bandits robbed a bank in Berwin, 111. Got $47,000 Almost enough to buy some Christmas presents. They claim a Chicago man stole $2,000,000. And that's almost enough to keep up a broken-down auto. The Dawes plan agent will get $47,T.n0 a year. Why. that’s even more than some Illinois bank robbers got. Search for a New York boy missing seven years is being renewed. That’s long enough to wait for him to get back from town. Bandit, got some $50,000 jewels in Chicago. All the bandits did their Christmas robbings early this year. Tn Hollywood, they think a movie star is married again. Site refuses to say. Perhaps she can’t remember. C’oolidge is looking for better diplomats. IJe might try married men who stay out late at night. New York phone girl is suing a man for $50,000, while, he claims she has the wrong number. Bad news from St. Louis. Head of a watch company owes SOOO,OOO, proving he had the wrong kind of time. i Calcutta news is terrible. Beggar has sat on spikes twenty years. But he is a religious fanatic, and not just plumb lazy. One great fvil of the bobbed hair craze is a man can’t cuss in a barber shop. Detroit man who stole an auto and stayed out all night will have sixty days in jail to catch up on his sleep. (Copyright, 1924, NEA Service, Inc.)

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

RIGHT HERE IN INDIANA By GAYLORD NELSON

Paroles mOSEPH E. HENNING —chair man of the trustees —art-, nounced Saturday that light sentences for heavy crimes will not result In early paroles from the Indiana Reformatory at Pendleton. Hold ups, automobile thieves, and some of the more fashionable outlaws given minimmmi mum sentences of HiP" two years- will lie W. held for five years ■ t before parole. ■ Perhaps tills dlsIffl play of teeth by reformatory trustees Mjan will shock some bmlofoctors. For jfl it’s unusual in these to fit the penalty to GAYT.ORD the crime. Which NELSON early paroles under the indeterminate sentence law do not. For almost before the clang of the prison door ceases to echo the culprit applies for parole. If he is a model prisoner he may expect early and gracious clemency. Mercy is a great quality. And there Is ethical justification for leniency to some convicts. But tindor the parole system punishment is often determined by prison conduct and not by the gravity of tl*> crime. However it's crime, not deportment, that puts the offenders in prison. Crime, not conduct, should determine their stay. For model prisoners do not imply exemplary crimes. Accidents , ItC police accident proven Hon bureau reported yesterday ■i.... n that seventy-three persons have been killed in traffic accidents in Indianapolis in 1924. Which is exactly the 1923 total. But so far this year the total accidents and injured greatly exc. ~j 1923. The accident situation in this ri:y Is getting no better fast. A person venturing out of doors may return a human entity or an estate And the record is the same throughout the Na’ion. For tins year in the United Fratea 22,B 1 ■ • j. : heentkilled and *175.000 Injured in h' hvay accidents Probably—despite efforts —no sure method to lessen this toll can be devised. Not while vehicles an l pro pie continue to use the sruna streets —and lie down together at interactions. Eventually the Darwinian theory of adaptation to environment may modify and improve human franc s. So people win grow armor plate shells and develop agility and elu siveness to baffle minded etrf-et traffic. Until then folks for their own profeet ion inns’ watch thir steps. lath or: the pavement arid on the ~.•••.lesaitor. For statistics prove It is only i careless step from the curb to probate proceedings.

Beech G) r)ve School Plans to Dedicate New Addition Jan. 9 w M i*" ? ' f . CLASSROOM ADDITION AT BEECH GROVE HIGH SCHOOL, LEFT.

Patrons of Beech Grove school expect to have Governor-elect Ed Jackson ns their guest at dedication of the new gymnasium, Jan. 9, A. It. Mather, superintendent, said. With Technical five as an op ponent for the first team, Coach W. A. Dorsett, expects to give spectators an inte’-cs ing evening. The girls team, coached by Miss Mary Young, will play Noblesville. With the rapid growth of the community an addition to the building was made necessary. About $60,000 was spent on tho gym, two classrooms, and a cafeteria in the basement. Guy Rutledge, manager Beech Qrove Trap*

ru / • rn • / uckin l ime By HAL COCHRAN Eight o'clock and mother shouts, “It's time to go to bed.” Two finy little youngsters stop their play. This is the hour, though strange it may seem, that little people dread: the hour when night time takes the place of day. There's quite a little fussing as the tots take off their clothes and have their hands and faces washed and dried. They klnda want to play a while, as any mother knows, so many little stalling stunts are tried. “I want a drink of water,” comes a shrilly little shout. And then complaints as Mom turns out the light. Right into bed the kiddies hop; and then they hop right out, contending that they were not kissed good-night. The story’s always quite the same when tots are tucked In sound. They never really want to go to bed. They’re always feeling playful when their tuckin’ time comes 'round. And sleep? Why, shucks, they’d rather play instead. (Copyright, 1924, NEA Service, Inc.)

Seals IIRISTMAS cheer Is tumbling into the postofllce In a rising tide of packages. Each par cel a messenger of love and joy to someone. Which usually proclaims its characier by the Christmas seals stuck on its exterior. For the little red and blue stamps have become the visible expression of holiday gladness. But their purpose is deeper than adding gay color to Yulotide mail One seal is just a scrap of adhesive paper. But it helps to finance the war against tuberculosis. The licking of these red and bine stamps is slowly licking consumption. In Marlon County deaths from tuberculosis last year were 200 less than ten years ago. Which reduction is the work of the gay stamps. These little fellows stick to their Jobs anti accomplish much. Yet despite the progress they* have matte possible every three minutes someone in This country dies from the plague. One Christmas seal can’t save one of these lives. But many will save many lives. So th *re may be more holiday cheer for someone in the Christmas stamps stuck on the parcel than In the gift beneath the wrapping. Examiners - AWRENCE F. ORR, chief rx I iminer for the State board of accounts, talked t.> the field ex aminers of the board, who met Monday in conference at the Statehouse. ’ Politics must not he allowed to control uur examinations or inter In to them," he said. No one can quarrel with that poll< y. (.jultr the contrar y But why was the admonition necessary? For It is the busim-ss of th hoard of accounts examiners to trace ail public money from birth to death—but not the partisan affiliations of officials who chaperon the funds And the only public figures with whom t! ay are presumed to a- •>. ;-:'e familiarly are th<> bookkeeping figures of public fiscal operations. Fo their work Is no more pintlsir. than the multiplb-ation table. And probably the caution to exclude p !:tlea from their examinations was sui-Ttl nous. But It reveals more of ’he fundamental causes for the frequent ire efficiencies of publlj: admin: ’ration ‘i in a library*! f moss.ve tones on the subject. Any governmental department, to -scape the shriveling hard of pMUi.-a. must exorcise eternal vigilance. Even examiners who audit public accounts must V* cautioned for fear their figures might assume a political hue. , A Thought Not b that common !-fh himself is approved, but whom the Dual commendefit. —ll < i ) is. • • f’ninn ■ rid a fool for his wit. or a knave fr hi- honesty, and they K • hue ;.

tb.n Company, Is president of the school board. Over 500 children attend. * Tables for the cafeteria were made by the students In manual training. fit her equipment was furnished by l’arent.-Teachers As sedation. Value of music and art Is stressed. Beech 1 <rove is one of the few schools of Its size with a playground program Conch Dorsett s entire time is spent with athletics and playground activities. With the cooperation of the town in donating additional ground It. is hoped to make a park out of the grounds next year. School officials hope for anew high school building next year.

Tongue Tips Kathleen Norris, author: "It seems to me always unwise for a girl to keep an office job after she is married. Tt means a constant, sordid rejection of motherhood, bad for body and soul." Dean Anne Dudley Blitz, Minnesota University; "All but cooking is pone out of the modern home, and now almost all of the food comes In packages, too." Barbara TJttlejohn, writer: "What is a successful woman? Rather, I think, one who meets all the demands upon her by life, with a high heart and a conquering will, looking not to worldly rewards, but to personal satisfaction." Ida M. Tarbell, investigator and writer: “Waste in its worst form Is doing a thing in an amateurish, round-about manner when a proved direct way is at hand."

A Real Test for the New Set

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METHOD OF PAYING IS EXPLAINED U, S, Government Takes lip Problem of Retiring Bonds, Tim' Waehin’Jton Bureau, i.'.i'i dtitf York Ate. rrra ASHINCTI >N. Ike. 10.—Behind Yl/ c-eretary Motion's brief an--1 une-ment that th- Trias :.r> maw ready to sell $200,000,000 worth of 4 per cent thirty year bonds us tile possibility that this latest issue of Government securities may become one of the most Important be am ;.ul transactions in the history ( f the country and run up to nearly s4.mir,,n(i,,.()ao. While, as the Secretary states, the Government will sell only $200,000,Chmi of these new bonds, the authorized issue is unlimited and may be U“ed in exchange for the nearly •Tree billion dollars worth of Third Liberty lonn bonds now outstanding and maturing in 192'* These new h<auls may also be exchanged for Treasury notes and Treasury certift. ates mateurlng M irt h 15, 1925 at I > ggregating $1,000,000,000. The present financing on the part f the Treasury represents th- first vi-p toward meeting the Liberty bonds sold during the war. Large amoun’s of th< s- bonds have already been r-ni’od. but the transactions Were financed out of surplus ami sinking funds and did not require new loans. Matures in 1!>?5 The Third Liberty Loan matures In 192*t <>f the original $4.175,650,000 herd? of this issue which were sold in mis there remain outstanding s2.9sv :C2.000. it would l o impossible for ilie Treasury to meet this entire obligation out of current assets, and consequently the plan has re w been perfected to exchange for the Liberty bonds the new Treasury bonds maturing In 1954. Tho interest rate on the Tliird Liberties !h 4 1 * per cent and that fixed rm the new bonds is only 4 per cent. The long life of the now bonds, which cannot bo called In before 1944 at the earliest, more than offsets this difference, and it Is thought a great proportion of the holders of the Third Liberty bonds will bo glad to make the exchange some time during the next three years. The Treasury” has during the last two years handled till post-war financing on a short-term basis by Issuing Treasury certificates for six months, nine months and one year. These certificates have been dated to mature on March 15. June 15,. Sept. 15 and Doc. 15 of each year, and to coincide with the receipt of successive payments of Income taxes. Will Exchange Ronds Continuance of this method be-er-me impossible when the amount of maturing debts grew as rapidly as has recently been the case. During the next three months the Treasury Is faced with maturing debts aggregating $1,500,000,000 and In the brief period of the next three years there will mature nearly $5,000,000,000 in war and post-war loans. Tho offer to exchange long-term bonds for the Third Liberties will mark the first extension In the time when the war loa.ns must he settled. The latest of the Liberties to call for final payment is the first Issue which was sold on a 30-year basis and need not be fully’ paid off until 1947. All subsequent Issues were for shorter periods, the Third issue being for only ten years, from 1918 to 1928. With the exchange of the 1028 bonds for tho new issue, Liberty loans, or at least their substitutes, will still be payable up to 1954. By Tom’s Mnther-in-I aw "Tom wants a quiet wedding.” “Let. him have it, dear; lie'll have very little quiet in the future." — Boston Transcript. By the Stove Man “What! You say Mrs. DeWitt bought a gallon gasoline to kindle her kitchen fire! Didn't you tell her not to?” “No. I thought we might be able to sell her anew cook stove.” —Good Hardware.

Ghosts Are Rattled in Families of Former Russian Autocrats

By WALTER D. HICKMAN Ghosts of Russia’s past walk about In anew book by M#uriee Paleologue, hist French ambassador to the Russian court. ftlr.ee I read some months ago a book written by Madame Anna Vyrubova regarding the former Emperor and the Empress. I have been anxious to gel hold of other authentic view points on tho situation. Madame Vyrubova was the closed woman companion, a strange selection, of the Empress while the “royal” wife of the last Russian Emperor was In power. Paleologue has written a second volume of “An Ambassador’s Mem irs,” which covers the period from June .3. 1915 to Aug. IS, 1910. It Is in diary’ form. George H. Doran Company is the publisher. 1 am concerned only with the second volume which haa recently been printed. It seems to me that Paleologue has written a history of modern Russia that will live when many others will be forgotten. He goes beyond the mere surface of recorded historical events and gets right down to the mental, physical and spiritual being of tho Russians, both low and high. The striking tiling of this hook, second volume, is that it seems to prove that the Empress was the real cause of the downfall of the Czar and the system. N n t to dismiss the causes of oppression and cruel treatment practiced by the Czars ; and the system, which caused them to exist, but rather to put your finger on tho real ins- ie cause of fiie downfall of tho House of Romanoff, SOME PROOF Day by day the ambassador reoords his Impressions of the various factors which caused the revolution Much of the time that this book covers Is confined to the important months of the World War. The startling- thing of tho book Is the proof that the author gives of the power of “Rasputin and his gang." The former ambassador brands Rasputin ns a worthless In-

Industrial Helps for All The Indianapolis public library through its technical department lists the following three good books on carpentry: "Modern Carpentry and Joinery.” by Hodgson. Reliable work covering working problems and their solution. One volume Is devoted to elementary work and one to an advanced course. “Modern Practical Carpentry," hv Ellis. An English book covering the whole craft of constructive carpentry "from the proper method of making a mallet to the construction of a cathedral dome.” ‘‘Practical Course In Roof Framing," by Van Gaasboek. A practical home study book for carpenters.

JOIN OUR 1825 Christmas Money Club You May Want $25, SSO or SIOO for Christmas, 1925 Easy to Accomplish This Way Pay 25c for 50 Weeks and Receive $12.50 With Interest Pay 50c for 50 Weeks and Receive $25.00 With Interest Pay SI.OO for 50 Weeks and Receive $50.00 With Interest Pay $2.00 for 50 Weeks and Receive SIOO.OO With Interest The Union Trust Company 120 East Market Street CAPITAL, SURPLUS AND PROFITS, $2,000,000.

TUESDAY, DEC. 15, 1924

dividual who worked his "charm” upon tho poor Empress. This book shows that even the various groups of the better nobility were against Rasputin, but the Empress made it possible for this man to control all of Russia. His state-me-.-.ts and proof are in complete contradiction to those written by Anna Vyrubova. He even records conversatlons with Anna, but Anna did not record, them In her book. She seemed to mak an “Inside” defense of the actions of the Empress toward Rasputin. Regardless of what position you 'ake regarding Rasputin, I am convince,! that he was an evil Influence which helped to cause the downfall of the Czar. Only history’ and the future will tell if this change was profitable to Russia. Paleologue knows his Russian noMes, the peasants and the many classes which went to make up Russia under the Czars. He was in the position to know the terrible scaniaLs which flooded the Russian court. It is the most startling expose of Russian debauchery that I have ever read. I recommend "An Ambassador’s Memoirs” as the most Intelligent and literary history of modern Russia that I have read. It Is glorious reading, even if it Is history. Ask The Times Yon can get an answer to any question of fact or information by writing to Thp Indianapolis Times Washington Ti ".rrau. 1322 w York A to., Washington. I*. C. incios'ng 2 cents In names for r, ply. Medical, ana marital advice cannot be given, nor can extend -d research bo ur,dertakn. A ■ - tuestlons will receive a personal rer-iy Unsigned requests cannot be answered. All letter* are confidential.—Editor, How can one tell a new-laid egg? It has a certain bloom which experts recognize, and which Is lnet when the egg is washed, or after It has been laid a short length of time. What city la nicknamed ‘"The Gate City 7” Keokuk. lowa.. Why la April called the battle month? Because the United States has entered every war in which she has participated in that month. What ie tho longest tunnel !n the world? The Shandaken Tunnel in the Catsklll Mountain of New York, which Is 15.2 miles In length. How many whites, neg Toes and Indians are there In tho United States? According to the 1920 census: Whites, 94,820.915; negroes, 10,453,131; Indians, 244,437. What was the composition of the “trade dollar”? Nine hundred parts silver to 100 parts of copper alloy; the total weight of the trade dollar was 420 grains. What Is steel-cut coffee? Should it be used In percolators? Coffee which Is coarse-ground and Is cut In a particular way. It is too coarse to be used in percolators.