Indianapolis Times, Volume 36, Number 114, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 September 1924 — Page 13

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MY OWN STORY JANITORS RAISE DUST IN >. EFFORT TO HINDER SPEECH • By ROBKRT M. LA FOLLETTE — —

This is the second of a sorie* o' ton I artlolea dealin? with outstanding events in the life of Senator La Toilette in the last twelve years. My experience of many years ir> public service has taught me there is ! nothing so important as facts. The 1 whole struggle of the people to ! sustain their right to rule them i selves has been a struggle to estab- | lish the facts. Facts lead a hard life in poli- j tics. They are battered and bruised, 1 twisted and distorted, hut they re j main the same and they never lose j their intrinsic force. So it is also j with the person who seeks to use j facts in politics. I am led to this observation by consideration of the struggle that has now been going on for not less than eighteen years to establish a uist valuation of the American railroads. When a just valuation of the railroads has been made it will be possible to fix fair and just railroad rates, freight and passenger, and not until then. In 1913 Congress passed a railroad ! valuation act. marking the culmina- j tion of a iegislatitvie struggle begun j in 1906. when I entered the Senate, j Seeking to apply this principle to I national legislation on railroad rates was a discouraging business for a long time. I offered amendments to j the Interstate Commerce Commission act, year after year, authorizing the ; commission to investigate and ascer- j febin the original cost of every AmerPan railroad, and directing the commissioh to use this original cost as ! the basis for all rate-making. Use Present Costs The law as passed in 1913 was; plain. Its firs, and most vital re-: quirement wa. s that the Interstate j Commerce Ccmmission should set to j work finding the original costs, as j the basis for determining the actual ; investments of capital. Well, twelve !

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years have elapsed and the Interstate Commerce Commission has about completed a job of fixing tentatively the valuation of the railroads —and the commission has done its work in direct disregard of the clear purpose of the law. It has been finding not the original costs, but present costs. In case of some of the roads, it has found the wartime costs. It lias found, for Instance, not what it actually cost to build a cer- ’ f\] tain railroad In 1900, but what it would have cost to reproduce that railroad in 191S. during the war. when every' element of cost was greatly increased. How vital It is to the people that , this fair hasis for rate-making be established was shown in May of last year when a national conference on the valuation of railroads was held in Chicago. Many Senators and Gov

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I ernors attended, as well as repre- | sentativeg of many more Governors. Able counsel, headed by Donald It. | Richberg of Chicago, was appointed j to appear before the Interstate com- ! merce commission to present briefs and arguments in support of a motion for a full and complete compliance with the railroad valuation law by the commission. They made their appearance July 5, 6 and 7. The deI cislon of the commission was divided. The net result is that the commission has not yet started obtaining original costs. Difference in the total valuation as reached by the commission’s present method of ascertainment —in defiance of the law—and the method provided by the law is, roughly, ten billion dollars. On tha? extra ten billion dollars the public is asked o pay interest in the form of high railroad rates. At 5*2 per cent this amounts to $559,000,000 excess vs railroad rates a year. Actually -he added burden upon the Ann jan people is five times that arui Eminent railroad men have estimated freight rates mus‘ be multiplied by five in determining the amount that is added to the cost, o' any article shipped by railroad. Manufacturer, broker, wholesaler, i retailer, each customarily add more than the actual freight charge as any commodity passes through their hands. This has become axiomatic. So imposition on the American people will be not $550,000,900. but more nearly $3,000,000,000 annually ; if the correct valuation is not made j the basis for rates. Facta Will Win T believe facts will turn the scale 1 in the people's favor in due time. I The most deadly weapon that can i he used against any member of Oon- ; gross who votes against the inter- , ests of the people that elect him is a

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simple recital of his vote on important measures. For more than twenty years I have been speaking or lecturing in all parts of the country on the same subject, “Representative Government.” But in that time I’ve celdom made the same speech. It nearly always has included what has come to be called the “roll call." I have made it a point to read from the Oongresional Record the vote on measures in v. hich the audience is interested. This roll call, naturally, includes Congressman or Senator from that section. How effective this method is was illustrated once in the case of Senator James A. Hemen way of Indiana. I was to lecture before a Chautauqua near Evansville, Ind. Senator Hemen way came to my hotel with some friends and announced that he had a hack waiting to take me out to the grounds. “I’m going to preside and introduce you," he said. I drew him to one side and said: “You don't want to do that. Why, I'm going to peel your hide off today and you’ll feel mighty uncomfortable sitting up there without your skin!" He laughed and said, “Go ahead. Boh: You can’t hurt me. This is my town”' So we rode out together and he introduced me to the audience in a nice speech. He was well received and applauded. Finally, In my speech, I came to the first roll call. I read it exactly as a reading clerk in any legislative body would read it. In a monotone, without emphasis on nny name. 1 could see that the throng was waiting for Hemenway's name. The first time, hearing his name listed among those voting wrong, the people tinned and looked at one another. As this happened again and again, the crowd began to get warm. The atmosphere grew tense. Presently the people were ' ooing and hissing Hemenway’s • tme. They drove him from the platform I found him at the back of the ■ tit. at the end of the lecture, walk •ng back and forth. 1 reminded him t , it I had asked him not to preside, tie was a good sport. “That's all right.’’ he said. "I've no complaint. Vou were perfectly fair, but if I had known how hot It was going to be I’d never have gone up there!” I used to make many speeches before schools and teachers' meetings within a short radious of Washington and was engaged one time by the county superintendent of schools in Allegheny County Pennsylvania, to speak before the tecahers Institute in Pittsburgh. The contract was made for a speech on "Representative Government.” A few weeks before the date set I received a letter seeking to cancel the engagement. I replied that I would he on hand to carry out the contract. After arriving in Pittsburgh, hav mg taken special pains to get there well ahead of time. I called on the uperintendent. He was in an unpleasant frame of mind. “You can't make a partisan speech here,” he told me. I explained that my speech was quite non-partisan, not a hint of partisanship in It. "Well.” he said, “you might as well understand that you can’t read the ‘roll call.’ ” I explained T read the roll call in an unbiased way, following a judicial. Impartial presentation of the measure voted upon; that I never mentioned any one's name, save as it came in the course of the roll call “Vou can’t read it,” he said. "You apparently don’t know about

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me,” I told him, very gently. ‘ I make my own speeches.” "You try it here,” he responded, and I went on the platform. It was in Carnegie Hall. The audience, nearly all school teachers, was large, with thirty or forty persons on the stage. I told of the colloquy which had just occurred with the superintendent. Then I made my speech and in due time <ame to" roll call. The superinten dent began pounding with his gavel and shouting, “out of order!" I was drowned out by the noise, hut continued trying to speak for ten or fifteen minutes. Suddenly j the superintendent called out, "Your j time's up! The janitors wiU- clear the j hall and clean up for the evening’s j entertainment.” A force of janitors, quite a large j force it. seemed, at once started | sweeping. They raised considerable j dust, as well as commotion. The J audience was cheering, stamping, j hissing. Continues Outside I threw up my hands, as though j in surrender and as the audience j hushed, I Invited them to go with ; me outside the hall, where I said I ! would make my speech. There were j cheers and the whole crowd trooped ! outside. I started speaking on a convenient terrace. A uniformed officer appeared to order me to keep off the grass. I got off the grass. I climbed the steps of a side entrance to the building, the crowd congregated on the terrace and heard pie through —including tjH’ roll call. As I went up the steps I noticed an inscription above the door, "Dedicated to the People.” I took that as text for a brief and appropriate in troduction and then proceeded with my argument—roll calls and all. I think I made a pretty good speech. The next day the Teachers' In J stitute adopted a resolution reproving their county superintendent for ; his behavior. (Copyright, 1924. NEA Service, Inc.l The third article by Sonatrr La Kollette will Rppear in The Time* tomorrow Famous Westminster Hospital, in I.<ondon, was founded in 1715, when four philenthropilsts met in a Fleet I Street coffee shop to discuss a means j of caring for the sick.

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