Indianapolis Times, Volume 35, Number 85, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 August 1923 — Page 4

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The Indianapolis Times EAHLE E. MARTIN. Editor In-Chief ROY W. HOWARD, President ALBERT W. BUHRMAN, Editor WM. A. MAYBORN, Bus. Mgr. Member of the Scripps-Howard Newspapers • • • Client of the United Press. United News. United Financial and NEA Service and member of the Scripps Newspaper Alliance. * * * Member of the Audit Bureau of Circulations. Published daily except Sunday by Indianapolis Times Publishing Cos.. 25-29 S. Meridian Street. Indianapolis. • * • Subscription Rates: Indianapolis—Ten Cents a Week. Elsewhere —Twelve Cents a Week. • • • PHONE—MAIN 8500.

TREAT THE CHILDREN RIGHT SF you were not already convinced Indianapolis needs some new school buildings, the picture of the building at Market and Bloomington Sts., printed on the front page of The Times Saturday, should have convinced you. School authorities and specialists have a habit of going into the hills of southern Indiana, picking out school buildings as horrible example, and talking about needed improvements. We doubt if there is a “horrible example” anywhere else in Indiana that cmopares with that building right here in Indianapolis. Whether that structure will continue to be used for school purposes or whether a modern building will take its place will be determined at a hearing before the State board of tax commissioners at 9 a. m. Wednesday. The hearing will be in the Statehouse. ' Fourteen persons, only one of whom has children of school age, are trying to delay the building program, trying to compel children to attend school in such shacks as shown in the picture. Every citizen of Indianapolis who has the interest of the children at heart can help prevent those fourteen persons, who fear they will have to spend a few dollars more in taxes during the next thirty years, from blocking the school program. Let the tax board know what you think about such conditions. WHY NOT REGULATE BOXING? EHAT Firpo fiasco at the Hoosier Motor Speedway the other night is just another argument for a State boxing commission and proper regulation of the sport. The Indiana law prevents prize fighting. Under interpretations given the law almost anything is a prize fight. That law is violated repeatedly and only occasionally is an effort made to enforce it. In case of the Firpo-Downev affair, officials attempted to go half way in enforcing the law. Asa result, the whole performance was a joke. It resulted in everybody being made to look ridiculous and in the spectators becoming “sore,” and justly so. In nearly every Legislature an effort is made to legalize boxing, or prize fighting if you would have it that way, under proper regulation. Every effort to pass such a bill has been blocked. Would it not be better to have regulation than to permit the recurrence of such events as the Firpo-Downev affair? EWALD O. STIEHM 4< l r |L T MBO” Stiehm is dead. This news brings sadness to the |_J_J hearts of thousands of former students of Indiana University and to many more thousands of football fans. A coach is a hero with university students and sport fans alike. He plays a big part in the life of a college or university. More often than not he “puts the school on the map.” Ewald O. Stiehm was popular with students, players and the public. His passing leaves a gap in the ranks of Indiana sportsmen.

DOLLAR MARKED JUSTICE OVER at Lewisburg, mountain hamlet in West Virginia, a dead-locked jury again has failed to convict William Blizzard. a miner, for murder in connection with the armed march of the miners hack in 1921. So they will have another trial in another mountain hamlet and scores of witnesses will be brought in for a prolonged comedy of justice at tremendous cost to the taxpayers of West Virginia and to the United Mine Workers of America. Oh, no, it is not just Blizzard who is on trial. If Blizzard were fighting alone, he would have been hustled off to prison long ago. But it happens that Blizzard has behind him the strength of the Uhited Mine Workers, who by reason of their numbers can afford to hire legal talent, to bring witnesses to trials, and to see generally that Blizzard gets a square deal. These trials, which drag on year after year in West Virginia, are not to mete ouii justice at all. They are the battle grounds between the coal mine operators, who run West Virginia, and the miners’ union. Their object is to exhaust the funds of the United Mine Workers. It costs much money to hire lawyers and transport witnesses to trials. This is a happy means of fighting the unions, from the operators’ point of view. The operators’ lawyers are used by the prosecution. They are on the State’s pay roll. The operators’ witnesses are produced at State expense, because theoretically the State is supposed to prosecute all murderers. So all the operators had to do was convince the State officials that Blizzard was a criminal. That was easy, in view of the fact that the operators run the State. Repeatedly, the States ’-operators ’ attorneys have failed to convict Blizzard, but just as often and once oftener the States’-operators’ attorneys trumped up new charges, brought new trials in new and hard-to-reach villages, and the mockery of justice went on. It will go on as long as the United Mine Workers’ money holds out. The miners say that will be until the operators give up their attempt to jail union men. Thus West Virginia doles out her dollar marked justice. IRISH boys in freedom plea.—headline. It is a habit. • • * lIOW many miles did you drive today? • • * A COMPANY is said to be selling photographs of dry agents. Don’t they look like detectives? N • THE sheriff ought not to find so many parkers now that gasoline is cheaper. Or will there be more? • m ft THE more gasoline you buy the more will be the total of your saving. • • • STILL, those unable to enjoy a trip on a sea going steamer this summer can always take a ride on the Brightwood or Central Ave. car lines. THE old adage, “talk is cheap,” won’t apply so well around ■ndianapolis since the Federal Court decision boosted telephone Hates. ■ FOLLOWING Firpo’s use of “pillow-like gloves” Downey Hsed an ambulance for a taxi back to town. What if the affair had Poeen staged with light gloves? • • • THAT Detroit hold-up had all the thrills of a Jesse James exploit. Someone should have had sufficient foresight to obtain the motion picture privileges.

U. S. SHIPS ARE LOSING TRADE LEAD Both Private Owned and Shipping Board Vessels Show Decrease, > By JOHN CARSON. Times Staff Correspondent. rTTV! ASHINGTON. Aug. 20.—Ameri\1W can ships are rapidly losing _J business as compared with foreign ships, despite the reports of "progress” from the Shipping Board. During the lirst four months of this year, according to the figures of the Department of Commerce, the comparStive business was as follows: Loss 99,00(1 Tons ' Shipping Board vessels carried in overseas trade 2,705,000 tons in January, February, March and April of thl3 year as compared with 2,804.000 tens in the same four months of last year. The loss was 99,000 tons or 4 per cent. Privately owned American vessels carried 748,000 tons as compared with 946,000 tons last year, a loss of 198,000 tons or 21 per cent. British ships carried 4,799,000 tons as compared with 4.022,000 tons last year, an increase of 772.000 tons or 19 per cent. Other foreign ships carried 5.054.000 tons as compared with 3.930.U00 tons last year, an increase of 1,124,000 tons, or 28 per cent. Foreign Shows Increase The figures show that while 1.604,000 tons more of cargo were offered this year. American vessels carried 297.000 tons less than last year and foreign vessels captured all the increased business and the American losses also, making a net gain for the foreign vessels of 1,901.000 tons. In the year 1920, American vessels carried 43 per cent of the overseas business; in 1921, only 35.67 per cent; in 1922, 36.23 per cent, and m January, 36.13 per cent; February, T. 4.92 per cent; March, 32.50 per cent, and April 31.48 per cent.

Indiana Sunshine

J. H. Nieman, Sunman business man and poet, writes songs and sells hardware. He says that there isn't any market for his kind of music so he - gives his songs to customers instead of the regulation calendars and almanacs. Eveline Lynn, 103, who is said to be the oldest resident of Warrick County, was recently baptized at Evansville by the Rev. Ernest Reveal, superintendent of the Evansville Res cue Mission. Seven farmers of White River Township. Johnson County, have or ganlzed an oil company to begin operations in their neighborhood. Evidently they had no stock in the R. L. Bollings Company. The I. O. t T . club of Crawfords ville has granted a charter to a group of young men at Hammond, the first step in becoming a national organization. If there’s anything in a name, a number of percons ought to become affiliated. Farmers of Noble County are in a quandry. They are wondering how they are going to husk the twelve and fourteen foot corn whicji is being grown in many sections. Indications point to the largest crop in the history of the county. Animal Facts All five of the Pacific salmon species live until the first spawning period. which is four to seven years. The eel is long-lived, sometimes reaching an age of 55 years or thereabouts. In the New York aquarium there are striped bass 20 years old. whiteflsh 10 years, large mouth bass 11 years, muskellunge, calico bass, rock bass and yellow perch 10 years. Ono striped bass, kept in captivity for nineteen years. weighed twenty pounds and was three feet in length at death. It was six inches long when captured. Guy Tibbies, the bald eagle expert at Port Clinton. 0., Is quoted In Field and Stream regarding one visit he made to an eagle’s nest. He found seven steel traps in the nest. The traps had N-tn set for muskratos an.l caught them. Then the eagles grabbed both traps and muskrates and carried them to the nest, where the dead animals were speedily eaten. The traps were left in the nest as souvenirs. Guy also says that the female eagle hatches three babies, but only one of the latter ever leaves the nest, a case of the survival of the fittest and ftghtenist. The first born, you see, has such a voracious appetite that he dines on the other two as they come from the eggs. A Thought Her sins, which are many, are forgiven; for she loved mtmh; but to whom little is forgH'dn, the same loveth little.—Luke 7:47. I- iITTLE, vicious minds abound 1 ! with anger and revenge, and I J ‘ are incapable of feeling the pleasure of forgiving their enemies.— Chesterfield.

Heard in Smoking Room

I JOHNSON and several of his close political friends, all Rerublican crushers of the Southern Pacific ring, were in the smoker en route from Saeremento to Frisco, when old Jem Smith, distinuisghed aa the only live Democrat in Eldorado County, entered and lit his pipe. “Hello. Jem!” said everybody and, after a while, one of the party, thinking to hector the old Democrat a bit, said: "How comes jt, Jem, that in a fine, intelligent. God-fearing country like yours, you are about the only Deirio-

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

(£)OM SIMS I | Says . pMEN are prohibition’s backVIU bone,” says Pussyfoot. Men are the wishbone. He’s the funny bone. * * Frenchman flew almost seven miles high. Some say he was looking for the dove of peace. * * • Anything can happen now. European statesmen are going to Ireland to rest a little while. * ♦ * Prohibition has been postponed a month in Constantinople, and indefinitely in the United States. • * • Mrs. Smith, not the one you know, will go around the world with one suitcase. She is not a dancer. * * * Even mah jong is dangerous. Middletown (Conn.) couple got engaged while playing mah jong. • • • The corn borer, army worm, pea louse, boll weevil and low prices are destroying crops. • • • Columbia speaker puts good homes before good schools. Boys put good swimming holes first. * + 0 Two Prides Crossing (Mass.) caddies found a $3,000 pin. One may find a golf ball soon. • t * Monroe (Mich.) robbers blew a safe for 50 cents. Now their union is liable to get them. • • • Ford gave Edison a car. Autos may replace campaign cigars. We may hear "Have another ear.” 0 0 0 Some people are so confident Firpo will whip Dempsey they are calling Jack the former champ. • 0 * Wheat is cheaper than corn. And ‘flour is higher than meal. * * • Men are kicking about sleeveless dresses. In a few years they may kick about dressless sleeves. • • • No matter how long you stay in jail you don’t get a vacation. • 0 0 New York boy of 4 is said to be a good trap drummer. That’s what comes from setting kids bad examples. • 0 • Santa Rosa. Cal., reports 6,000.000 gallons of wine in storage. Go east, young drink. Go east.

•from the J Referee’s Tower By ALBERT APPLE

Generosity , Ernest L. Sawyer advertises In the London Dally Express: “On the day it is proved that the grafting of an eye can be performed with a reasonable certainty of success. I shall he willing freely to share my gift of sight • with any poor English man. woman or I child, who Is blind, whose circumj stances can >w vouched for. and the advisability of whose case is recommended by a responsible authority." There is always hope for a world that has generous humanitarians like Sawyer, forerunners of a day when the brotherhood of man will be so world-wide that generosity like the | gift, of an eye to an unfortunate fellow man will be customary. Life Is never any more miserable than humanity makes It. Speeders Sweden, determined to check auto speeders, passes a national law making it compulsory for all autos to be equipped with speedometers that will make a record showing how fast the car has been run. No arguments with the traffic cop then. Unfortunately, after passing the law. the Swedish Riksdag discovers no such speedometer has been invented. We’ll have such devices in America eventually. Also, as autos approach the saturation point, we’ll have to gear cars down so It will be impossible to run then} more than, say, twenty miles an hour. Gold, Ancient alchemists sought a method to create gold from cheaper substances. especially lead. Modem alchemists seek to destroy gold, says Dr. Paul D. Foote, government scientist, because one gram of gold destroyed by transformation into electrical energy would be worth $2,600,000 at the present price of electricity. The chief goal of modern science is how to release the energy locked lup in the atom. The discovery will be made some day. Political revolutions fire our imagination, but the greatest of all revolutions is the industrial one that is taking place in our generation. Dollar The dollar is worth only 65 cents now. on the 1913 basis, says Prof, living Fisher. He means that $1 new will, on the average, buy only as much as 65 cents bought In 1913. He has wholesale markets in mind. But the situation Is ajmost Identically the same when it comes to retail prices—cost of living. This is a sad blow to the man who saved dollars in 1913 and now finds them worth only 65 cents apiece. But there’s no use getting discouraged. For the rule Is beginning to work in the opposite direction—the 65 cents saved today will be worth $1 later, in buying power. YoTU realize this. In full, about 1950. Far off? It’ll be here before you realize—and it’ll come when most of us will need the money more than at any time in life.

crat.? Seems like you should be in line and make old Eldorado, California unanimous. What ails you?” “Well, you see,” replied Jem, "my grandfather was always a Democrat, and my father and all my uncles, and so I’m a Democrat." “Huh!” answered his questioner, “that sounds silly in a man of your intelligence. Suppose that your grandfather, father, uncles and such had been burg-ars, horsethieves, bootleggers, liars—what would you be?” “A Republican,” replied old Jem quietly.

LOCOMOTIVE MOVES FAST IN ENGLAND Through Trains Average 50 Miles an Hour —Departure Is Ceremony, By JOHN W. RAPER I—— *|N ENGLAND—The railways I have for their own use and for * the carrying of structural iron coal cars and flats of 30-ton capacity. You don’t see many of them. Most of the freight cars are of 10 or 12 ton capacity. Short hauls and shipments in small quantities are responsible for the small freight cars. Undoubtedly this aids in dispatch. English shippers with whom I have talked make no complaints of car shortage or delays. Nearly all Americans say the English trains are slow. I can’t see it. Through trains average just a trifle less than fifty miles an hour. A trip of any length on a local train consumes considerable time, but that is because many stops are made. Between stations they run extremely fast. A locomotive here is not equipped with a bell. It isn’t necessary, as grade clossings are about as rare as hen’s teeth . I have seen only three in Great Britain. They were provided with heavy picket gates and kept securely locked. Anybody who wished to cross the tracks with a team or motor car had to go to the station and notify the station master, who would unlock the gate and open it. Women are still employed In cleaning both passenger coaches and locomotives. Girls run the station lunch counters —no stools for the patron, he stands up—and girls operate wagons which they push up and down the platforms. The station restaurants and lunch counters are clean and the food good. I have never witnessed the coronation of a king nor the inauguration of a president. But I once saw the "opening" of an oldfashioned American saloon. T was among those present. on the far side of the crowd, when Haro - Davis was inaugurated governor of Ohio. And T have seen the Caledonian Railway's Edinburgh express depart from the Glasgow station. The spectacle more than made up for missing a coronation. Next: Betting is a mania over there. Raper discovers, watching men and women of all ranks gamble on race horses.

What Editors Are Saying

Magnus (Bloomington Star) We notice that some of the Republican papers are ridiculing the election of Magnus Johnson as United States Senator from Minnesota. They say that he Is an uneducated man, and Is nothing but a "dirt fanner.” He was elected by 60.000 majority over the Republican candidate. President Ooolidge was taken from the farm to become Governor of Massachusetts, although he had been In politics for many years. Senator Johnson may be a Joke, but when he Joins with Senators Hi Johnson. Ta Follette. Borah and other progressive Republicans in the Senate, it will be no big laugh for the standpatters. How Terrible! (Lafayette Journal and Courier) Both Mary Bickford and Norma Talmadge. it is said, are to tackle "Juliet” on the screen. Somebody should choke the movie directors In charge before they give the Shakespearean masterpiece the conventional motion picture "happy ending.” The hurtling custard pie also ought to be barred from these productions if at all possible. Supposing (Tipton Times) Tax exempt bonds are issued by cities, counties, States and nation. Tho holder of these bonds pays no taxes on the income derived tnerefrom. Bill Jones, whose income results from his labor and investments in Industries, pays every known form of taxation, and he pays considerably more than is just in order to make up for amounts lost to the Government through "tax exempt” incomes. Supposing everybody tried to get tax exempt bonds, where would the money come from to run the Government? The continued issuance of tax exempt bonds drains away from productive enterprise and increases the tax burden on all those who do not hold the bonds.

Observations

That dolorous metallic sound is made by Judge Gary as he marks the 12hour day down to 8. Sharps say a variable climate is healthier than any other kind. It ought to be. Otherwise it would not be able to withstand Itself. A Los Angeles "scholar” says nine-ty-six per cent of the American people are below the accepted standard of Intelligence. But what could you reasonably expect of a "scholar” who lives among those movie ‘‘artists’’” Since sugax prices have dropped, we take it for granted someone hak knocked the “tar” out of the tariff. If it were not for the automobile, where, we would like to know, would the coroner be? No sooner had Mr. Underwood’s hat landed in the ring than Mr. Bryan began to criticise its vintage. ~ Flood Again comes a warning, this time from National Industrial Conference Board, that the Indebtedness of our State and local governments is becoming perilously large. Ten years ago the combined debt of our States and municipalities was only $3,860,000,000. Now it is $lO,000,000,000. That’s nearly as much aa our national debt, after subtracting the billions owed to us by foreign governments.

'7- / * \

The Advance Guard By BERTON BRALEY They fret and fume at the humdrum round of sleep and food and toll. They loaf and shirk at routine work which hasn't a hope of change. But given the lure of a gambler’s chance at copper or gold or oil Out at the edge of anew frontier where life is raw and strange. They'll wager the last red cent they own, they’ll wager their strength and health. On finding gold at the rainbow’s end. or oil in the desert’s heart, They’ll sweat and starve and toil like fiends for a will-o’-the-wisp of wealth Which dances ever before their eyes to lead them over the chart! Some of them win, hut most of them lose, and wearily beat it back. Shabby and broke, to the home-kept folk, who look at these "tramps” askance. But as soon as the rovers get a stake they’re off on another track. Slaves of glamor that draws them on, and bondsmen of Romance. Though fame and fortune may wait at home, they care for these not at all. Their veins are tilled with a restless flood that drives them on afar. For they are bound in a mightier spell and held in a greater thrall, And ever they struggle further on to the light of a distant star! , Gamblers, rovers, adventurers all. who dream it is wealth they seek. Though it is only the wander-fret that drives them on their way. j For if. by chance, their well comes in, or they strike a paying streak. They’re off again to a newer field where the game is still to play! Questing ever a gambler's thrill they flee from the towns of men, They push ahead to the raw frontier where life begins anew; And the settler comes on the trail they break—and pushes them on again. For civilization dogs the heels of a highly uncivilized crew! (Copyright. 1923, NEA Service. Inc.)

Family Fun

Hobson's Choice for Them "A good wife is beyond price,” snapped Mrs. Grouch during the argument. "That’s the reason a poor man gets the kind he does, I suppose," retorted her husband meaningly.—Cincinnati Enquirer. It Might 'a Been! Gee. we wish the old serpent had said to Eve when she was shopping around for something new in the way of fruit: “Yea, we have no apples today.”—Ohio State Journal. Still at It. First Doughboy The profiteers sure heard the command “Charge!” during the war. Second Doughboy—Yes. but they were deaf as a post when "Retreat” was sounded. “May Best Man Win” Now being mentioned for the Republican presidential nomination are President Calvin Coolldge, ex-Sen-ator Beveridge of Indiana, Secretary of State Charles E. Hughes, Secretary of Navy Denby, Senator Hi Johnson, Governor Gifford Pinchot, Senator Borah. Senator McCormick. ex-Governor Allen of Kansas, exGovernor Miller of New Y'ork, Senator Jim Watson of Indiana and Senator Wadsworth of New Y'ork. There may be others. “May the best man win” always was a more or less empty vociferation. Never was it so much as now.

Puzzle Half the farmers made less than SI,OOO last year, claims Nathan Straus Jr., agricultural expert of the New York State Senate. Such figures are confusing. Do they represent clear profit? If so (and probably not), the farmers, In addition, got their living. Pew- city workers have SI,OOO clear after paying for food. etc. On the other hand, in New Jersey, 399 school pupils In one year cleared nearly $70,000 above all expenses, from their home gardens. That’s $175 apiece and in spare time. They had, of course, no Investment In land, no notes at bank, no taxes. Intensive farming and diversified crops may be the solution for many farmers, especially ones who stake everything on one crop. The cotton grower finally is learning this. Fish It’s not true that fish is a brain food, claims a writer In Journal of American Medical Association. Fish, however, ic easily digested and a great builder of strength. We should eat more of it—and would, if fish on the average were fresher when they reached our kitchens. As for real brain food, nothing in particular has been discovered, except that the brain functions best when we are physically In good shape. In this sense, any healthful food Is ‘‘brain food.” Endocrine glandologists are begining to believe that thought has a close connection with a form of iodine, the poison which is manufactured “in combination” by the thyroid gland in the neck.

Getting the Range at Last

Coolidge Names Here's the real story of the Coolidge names. The President was named John Calvin Coolidge by his father, who is also Jqhn Calvin Coolidge. But. like Woodrow Wilson, who was christened Thomas Woodrow Wilson, “Cal” later chose to drop the first nam and became known as plain Calvin Coolidge. Calvin Coolidge’s two sons divided the names between them. The first one was named John, the second Calrin. So both Coolidge youngsters are juniors, though only the younger writes his name that way on the hotel register. Danger A schoolhouse burns down every day in America, on the average, warns Dr. George Drayton Strayer. Luckily, most of the fires are at night. In educating children, we neglect the Important item of teaching them the dangers of fires, how to extinguish fires and how to escape when trapped in one. This form of education should begin in the home. Drill into your children’s minds that fire is the most perilous force harnessed by man. Down How about prices? Wall Street Journal prints an article with this headline: “Wheat and cotton prices off 30 per cent, rubber 27 per cent, t' 'u March.” It lists other articles, showing a price drop of 20 per cent on the average—a fifth. Wholesale prices, of course, but retail prices eventually will respond to them. A basic natural law: “What goes up must come down.” As true of prices as of water thrown in air by jestig lads. Applied A giant camera is being Installed at Yerbaniz. Mexico, to check up the Einstein theory. Many wonder what good will It all do. If the theary is proved either true or false? An answer to this comes from the Smithsonian Institution, which reports that one scientific endeavor, observation of the stars, is being used to supply nations with accurate time, to make correct maps, to fix boundary lines between nations, to guide ships, and to determine sea-faring matters relating to high and low tides. The higher science of today Is used in everyday life tomorrow. Tears of Women "Women,” says the Governor of Oklahoma, “will have to be educated along certain lines which have, since the beginning of time, been peculiar to their sex. Many of those traits are shared by men also. Men are jealous of each other, deceitful and treacherous, the same as women, but it is left for woman alone to—cry.” Sure. Tears are the strategy, the appeal, the defense, the relief, the refuge of womankind. They are ace high and always trumps. Maybe, when she first looked Adam over, Eve burst into tears. Without woman's tears we would have a world grown hard and hopeless and not at all worth while.

MONDAY, AUG. 20,1923.

Q U E a T lONS Ask— The Times ANSWERS

You can ret an answer to any question of tact or information by writing to the Indianapolis Times’ Washington Bureau. 1323 N. Y. Avenue. Washington. D. C., inclosing 2 cents in stamps. Medical, legai, lovs and marriage advice cannot be given, nor can extended research be undertaken, or papers speeches, etc., be prepared. Unsigned letters cannot be answered, but all letters are confidential, and receive personal replies.—Editor. When writing out fractions, such as ene-third, should this he compounded with the hyphen? No, it Is better to write it "one third.” What are the necessary articles to carry on the Pullman? The person who is to spend the night on the train should provide himself with a dressing gown, a traveling case containing the necessary accessories such as brushes, combs, soap, tooth paste, etc. What will remove a dark ring around the neck caused by wearing dark collars? To prevent such stains, first avoid tight collars, but having acquired such a ring, wash the neck with peroxide of hydrogen, full strength, followed at once by a bath of rose water. Or try bathing neck with lemon water. Who built the first steam engine, where and when? The aeolipile, an Invention of Hero of Alexandria, is often described as a steam engine. It consisted of a hollow' metal sphere mounted on trunnions. through one of which steam Is introduced. Short bent tubes issue from this ball at diametrically opposite points, from which steam escapes and causes the globe to revolve. The date is uncertain, somewhere be tween the first century A. D. and the second century, B. C. In 1643 a Spanish captain, Blasco de Garey, Is reputed to have shown in the harbor of Barcelona, a steamboat of his own invention. In 1790 Nathan Read patented and operated a model steam carriage. Is hygroscopic water obtainable from the surface sands of the Sahara Desert, and, if not, how far below the surface can sand be found that does contain It? The United States Weather Bureau says hygroscopic water may be ob tained from the surface sands of the Sahara Desert, just as it may be ob tained from any sands, but the amounts are too small to be useful. Usable quantities of water are found only at the well known oases, and un doubtedly may be obtained by boring to considerable depths elsewhere, where the geological configuration tends to bring water together. Most of the oases are below the level of the surface of the desert and mark places where water from wide areas collects near enough to the surface to be obtainable. To whom is credited the invention of the Internal combus- • tion engine? The internal combustion gas motor was first put into practical operation by Dr. Nicholas A. Otto, in 1876. Credit for its conception be longs to M. Beau de Rochasm, as it -was described by him in a pamphlet In 1861. In tvhat four States can a horse stand with a foot In each State? In New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado and Utah. What battle field did Marshal Foch call the “Cradle of Victory?" Belleau Wood, near ChateauThierry. General Pershing called it "the Gettysburg of the World War." Recently the Belleau Wood Memorial Association dedicated this tract to the Americans -who died there. Belleau Wood was bought by this-association under the presidency of Mrs. James Carroll Frazier. The plan is to preserve the battlefields with trenches, machine gun nests, etc., and erect permanent monuments there. Is it true that the man who erected the Brooklyn bridge was killed, and what was his nationality? John A. Roebling. a Prussian by birth, was the engineer in charge ofthe construction of the Brooklyn bridge. In July, 1869, while engaged In this work, his foot was crushed by being caught between sotpe timber and the guards of tho ferry slip, just as a boat was coming in, and he died of lockjaw sixteen days later.