Indianapolis Times, Volume 35, Number 118, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 September 1922 — Page 4
4
The Indianapolis Times Earle E. Martin. Edltor-in Chief. Roy W. Howard. President. F. R. Peters. Editor. O. F. Johnson, Business Manager. ■ Published daily except Sunday by The Indiana Dally Times Company, 25-29 S. Meridian St.. Indianapolis. Member of the Scripps-Mcßte League ot newspapers. Client of the United Press. United News. United Financial and NBA Service and member of the Soripps Newspaper Alliance. Member of the Audit Bureau of Circulation. Subscription Rates: Indianapolis—Ten Cents a Week. Elsewhere—Twelve Cents a Week. TELEPHONE—MAIN 3500
Only take heed to thyself and keep thy soul diligently, lest thou forget the things which thine eyes have seen, and lest they depart from thy heart all the days of thy life; but teach them thy sons and thy sons’ sons.—Deuteronomy 4:9. Open Season for Oysters IT was obvious from the start that the higher-cost-of-living tariff would ultimately become law. All that fussing and fuming you’ve observed in Congress was not so much due. to opposition to the bill itself as it was to the members dickering and bartering among themselves.
]Sg||
“If you won’t vote for a prohibitive tariff on the things big business in my bailiwick want ‘protected,’ I won't vote for a prohibitive tariff on the things big business in your bailiwick want ‘protected,’ ” was the gist of it. Framed in this spirit, as the new tariff undoubtedly was, it will prove a stupendous burden on the public, boosting their already too high cost of living anywhere from $1,000,000,000 to $3,000,000,000 a year—from $lO to S3O a year per capita or SSO to $l5O per family. What with big business on the one hand and Congress on the other, regular folks —like the poor oysters of the poem—never had a chance. You remember, don’t you, the walrus and the carpenter, in “Through the Looking Glass?” How they bamboozled the trusting oysters into believing they were their friends? And then how, with manyi a cajoling word and crocodile tear, they ate the oysters up? Now that President Harding has affixed his signature to the measure the great monopolies, controlling American household necessities, may be expected to take up as a sort of joyful chorus the words of Carroll’s immortal walrus—- “ Now if you are ready, Oysters dear, We can begin to feed * * •”
High Rents RAPIDLY mounting rents are driving writers and artists out of their colony, Greenwich Village in New York. A small room, formerly a horse stable, is turned into a studio at S2OO a month rent. This is said to be a typical case. Such a sum, obviously, is beyond the means of the artist or writer struggling for recognition. Why don’t the artists and writers move to the country? you ask. They say they have to be near their market to get orders for their work. A great fuss is being made over the situation by the Authors’ League of America. The fuss will help advertise Greenwich Village and attract more tourists to its carefully staged tea rooms, cabarets and other points of commercialized Bohemianism. This will bring more money to the village. Then rents will go up again. Too bad, of course, that rents arc high for the temperamental residents of Greenwich Village. They will not attract much sympathy, however, because nearly every one in New York and other big cities is also in the clutches of high rents. The Kgger and more congested our cities grow, the more it becomes obvious that the real problem of city life is rent. It is rent that has compelled the use of elevators, tall buildings, small rooms and the vanishing of the big yard that should be around every home. Each year the rent problem in cities grows worse. Many theories and suggestions have been advanced, to reduce rents generally. When all is said anti done, high rent is the penalty of living in cities. It follows, logically, that the way to escape from high rent is to get out of the city. Rapid transit is the route of escape. And the ideal form of rapid transit is the airplane. When airplanes become foolproof, safe, speedy, compact and cheap, cities will become collections of factories, theaters and shops. People will live far out in the country and travel back and forth by planes. The greatest value of the airplane eventually will be in bringing cheaper rent, Obviously, it is the selfish interest of every American to do everything in his power to assist the development of flying craft. The flying machine will free the city man from high rent, just as the railroad and auto have the farmer from isolation. Want Night?” NEW YORK, they say, wants a “play night.” A play night? Oh, it’s just a night when “anything goes;” when the town is “wide open;” when the conversation runs something like this: “Wliat’ll you have?” Get the idea? Somehow or other we had been laboring under the impression that prohibition, instead of being just a New York City ordinance, is a Federal law. Perhaps we are wrong. We have long suspected as much— j especially after talking with recently returned friends.
11 BORAH REMEMBERS RIS MEMPHISFRIENDS Presidential Possibility in 1924 to Look Up Benefactor There in November. By ROBERT TALLEY WASHINGTON. Sept. 26.—When Senator William E. Borah, looming large as a 1924 presidential possibility. goes to Nashville to deliver an address in November he intends to run down to Memphis to hunt up a kindly banker who befriended him when he was broke, sick and hungry and turned the whole tide of his life. “Ever since that happened thirty years ago.” Senator Borah said today, "I've been wanting to go back to Memphis, bunt up that man and thank him. And now I'm going to do it.” Both Young Men Tt happened in 1890. but Borah believes his benefactor is still alive, as both were young men at the time. "It was during my last year in college at Lawrence, Kan., when my health broke down completely and the doctors. advised me to seek a milder climate,” Borah related. “They told me I had tuberculosis. “I started South, with no particular destination, and finally found myself in Memphis, deathly sick and almost disheartened. “My funds ran out, and although I had a draft for a small amount. I knew no one in town who could identify me. Finally I went to a bank end made my way up to a young man who seemed kindly enough and laid my plight before him. I told him I was a stranger in town, was sick—he could easily see that, anyway—and was up against It. Cashed His Draft “He seemed to take to me from the first. He cashed my draft without any identification and then he put nte in his buggy and drove me around to his family doctor. Ho was as obliging as any man I ever saw. “That old family doctor—l shall never forget him—thumped on my chest and examined me in all sorts of ways. When he got through he told me that nSidn't have tuberculosis and for me to go home and forget it Right then I began to feel better.
OVERWORK Bu DR. R. H. 818 nop r ——a| O much is heard nowadays of "overI working." V This business l, man is all run xl# down from over\jL working, or that '1 ffjfk college girl has ruined her health from too much j A go the stories j 1 Most people, j however, who are “overworked,” are, properly speaking, simply the victims ! of had air. bad diet or worry. • They believe that because they are | tired, it must be the work that is hurting them. Work seldom hurts any one who is physically fit. That is the one big essential. Keep every organ and muscle in your body in trim and you will be able to Btand any amount of work. People who get all run down from overwork and then are forced to take vacations, naturally improve in health while resting, but if they had taken care of themselves at work no forced vacations would have been necessary. When the body has a terrible load of unphysiologlcal habits to carry, ad- ! ditional work is a strain. Ailments and disabilities are attributed very commonly to rtie less ’ important instead of the most imporI tant causes. Consequently, the average health-seeker makes the error of correcting his daily regime in some non-essential respect. Great and permanent results require the adaption of an all-round, well-balanced regime. 1 Don’t say you haven't time to take ! care of yourself. Simply form hygienic habits, exercising all you can, I sleeping eight hours every night, and eating plent of vegetables and fruits and your health will take care of itself. UNUSUAL FOLK By XEA Service CHICAGO, Sept. 26.—“ Uncle Dan” Healey, veteran dining car caterer, is taking his first vacation in thirty-five years. And this is an enforced rest because “Uncle Dan” /Ay- i s seriously ill with | fl heart trouble. '€ ) I He has served two V/* roads during his j Bpt A record stretch of IF } service. The ChiJjL iLo'y Y cago & Northwestr ern, and, for the %j£jr Ju past twenty - four /1l years, the Chicago, J* Milwaukee & St. fy Paul. a Seventy years ago I a he was born in New York State. Asa HEALEY boy he went to South America as a stowaway, and later visited California during the gold rush of ’49. At the age of 35 he took up dining car catering and in the past thirtyfive yearfe, hundreds of personages from all over the world have eaten meals prepared at the direction of “Uncle Dan.” “You’re lucky when you are hungry and can get a Dan Healey meal,” the late Theodore Roosevelt once said, and it’s the same tribute paid by thousands of others. IF YOU ARE WELL BRED You know courtesy is the foundation of all conversation. Once people prided themselves upon telling the truth, no matter how much it might hurt. Today we recognize that kindliness is as much of a virtue as candor. Arguments should be avoided as well as contradiction, always discourteous. If you find yourself directed toward a heated discussion of some topic, it is wiser to withdraw or direct the talk into other channels.
iidili li\ JJIAjN Ai U-Llto liivxJiio
EX-KAISER IS ALL FIRE AND FLAME AS HERMINE'S LOVER
The Inside story of the Kaiser's courtship and the stronsr efforts that are being' made to break off his “true lovo match” with Princesß Hermine, is presented herewith by Ferdinand Jahn, who was sent by the United Press to Saaboor, Silesia, home of the bride as soon as announcement of the engagement were made. The facts of the romance and the manner in which Wilhelm pressed his suit for the hand of the Princess, are revealed for the first time in the following dispatch: By FERDIXAXD C. JOHN United Press Staff Correspondent. By United Press SAABOOR, Silesia, Sept. 26.—The kaiser is a wonderful lover, friends of his fiancee, Princess Hermine, said today. “Wilhelm is all fire and flame,” they declared. Fervid love letters from the Kaiser to his Princess all but swamped the little postoffice here. Some of the more endearing epistles were delivered through a third party, Wilhelm—“the aged herrriit of Doom" — as some call him—evidently fearing lus most precious love phrases would be disclosed. The Princess' announcement today that she would leave here on Nov. 3 PLAN DRV ZOl ON SLA IZ MILLS OUT INSTEAD Os 3 United States Proposes No Ship, Regardless of Flag, Shall Enter With Booze. By C. C. LYOX WASHINGTON. Sept. 26. The United States Government proposed to insist that no ship, regardless of the flag it flies, shall enter or leave an American port carrying “liquor for beverage purposes.” That is what is behind the present exchange of notes between Washington and London over the recent attempt of the United States “prohibition fleet” to stop and search the British yacht Onward beyond the three-mile limit outside New York. The Government sees in this a way to overcome any advantage foreign vessels might enjoy over American vessels because of being able to serve liquors to voyagers. “The eighteenth amendment,” says Maj. Roy A. Haynes, prohibition enforcement commissioner, "clearly gives us the right to enforce such a regulation and we mean to Enforce It to the letter." Haynes is going farther than that. He has found a way, without additional legislation from Congress, to make the ocean dry for a distance of twelve miles out from shore, instead of three miles. “This is simple,” he says. “I mere ly have my enforcement agents made a part of the Government customs force, and as customs officials they have the right, under international agreements, to board any or all vessels as soon as they come within a twelve-mile limit. “The men who attempted to board the Onward were acting within their rights as customs officials, and wo feel sure the British government will acknowledge that right.”
THE REFEREE Bu ALBERT APPLE A mother in an Eastern city sues neighbors for $5,000 damages, claiming that they taught her child to wear. Hare cases like this I S are attempts to tlx SjS'Wi responsibility at its \ Me source. The idea could \ be applied many ways. It should be. U.. 1 F The man who, crazed APPLE by bootleg liquor, commits a murder, usually Is not as guilty as the criminal who sold the liquor. The drug vender, by all rules of common sense, Is responsible for most of the crimes committed by drug addicts. Inciting to crime is on a par with inciting to riot. ' JOURNEY The New Yorker, wh started for San Francisco in a “prai.ie schooner” drawn by oxen nearly two years ago, reaches Colorado. Ho should arrive Ht destination early in 1924. Editorial writers then will point out how he could have made the ti ip in a few days by airplane. Much will be said about the wonders of modern transportation, compared with grandpa’s day. However, If you had your choice, you’d prefer the slow trip behind oxen, camping along the way. Most of us are speed maniacs, duo to our nerves, though we know that real happiness is not by speed. People were happier before they had ’'modern wonders." FORESIGHT When high tariff goes into effect, consumers discover that the tariff duties are added to what they pay for imported goods. That sots the new price, and the seller who brought goods in almad of the tariff in most cases can pocket the duty ns extra profit. Several hundred million dollars worth of foreign-made goods have been rushed into the United States find stored in warehouses "ahead of the tariff.” This is foresight, the < unning ability that makes poor men rich and rich men richer. Foresight and luck build nine out of ten big fortunes. Few realize this, because from youth we are raised on the false philosophy of platitudes. Foresight comes usually by brain development, only occasionally as a natural gift. That’s why no one can get too much of any kind of schooling. Short Fur Coats • Short fur jackets promise to be quite the rage. They are cut on very snappy lines and trimmed in distinctive ways. A gray caracul model has a belt buttons and pocket trimmings of bright red leather. We Will Help You to Save Safely Jfletcfier &>abtngo anti tEruait Cos.
for Doom and marry the Kaiser Nov. 5 was a blow to the monarchists, led by the Crowfa Prince and his wife, who are doing all in their power to break off the match. Princess Is Determined Friends of the Princess state that she is going through with the marriage In spite of all opposition. The junker party plans to send a delegation to Doorn in a final effort to break off the match. Crown Prince Wilhelm and his wife fear that if the former “war lord” actually marries Princess Hermine —who is a firm, ambitious, wealthy widow—she will rule the household at Doorn and seize the reins of the monarchist movement in her own strong grasp. This the Crown Princess, especially wishes to avoid. Sympathy in Germany for the lonely Kaiser will be lost if he weds, the opponents of the match claim. Hermine has only been to Doorn once and that was last June, when she remained four weeks. The Kaiser’s most ardent courting is believed to have occurred then.
Youngsters Evade Child Labor Law By Taking Work Home —Folks Needed Food
By F. G. ORR WASHINGTON, Sept. 26.—Under the now defunct Federal child labor law there were about 5,000 youngsters anywhere from 5 to 15 years of age in the lone vicinity of Providence, R. 1., who were beating that law, according to a report just issued by the Childred’s Bureau of the Labor Department. How did they beat it? By taking the work home. The parents in the case were asked why this home work was taken on and their reason for evading a law framed for the protection of their own children are worth study. “We didn't have enough money with just one man working,” said the
Letters to the Editor
CARS TOO SLOW Booster Says Electric System Should “Pep Up.” To the Editor of The Times Indianapolis has a fairly good street car system, os good or better than the average in most cities in the same class. There is one objection, however, that is the cars run too slow. The College line cars, especially, seem to have no "pep" and coast along seemingly In an effort to kill time. The Broad Ripple car makes the trip to Washington street in almost the same time that the Forty-Sixth St. cars do on the College line. BOOSTER. SITUATION CHANGED Sentiment Seems to Favor Ev-Gover-nor Ralston. To the Editor of The Times Admirers of Samuel M. Ralston should not be overconfident of his success at the polls in November, although sentiment generally appears to favor his candidacy for the United States Senate. 1 make this statement in view of what I regard as a changed political situation in Indiana. Granting that Ralston can carry every coiyfressional district by only small pluralities, with the exception of the Seventh (Marion County) and the Tenth (Lake County), his election would not be certain. These two districts. with heavy pluralities for Beveridge, would be tremendously hard for a small out-state Democratic lead to overcome. By reason of innumerable Republican disturbances in Marion County, opposition hopes are higher than in many years. Democrats must not deceive themselves into thinking that they can carry Mar-
Modern Discoveries Strengthen Belief There Is Life On Mars
QUESTIONS ANSWERED You can get an answer to any question of j fact or information by writing to The Dally Times Washington Bureau. T 322 New York ! Are.. Washington. 1). C., inclosing 2 cents in stamps. Medical, legal and love and mar : riatce advice will not bo given. Unsigned ! letters will not be answered, but all letters are confidential and receive personal replies. —Editor. Q. —When did the theory that there is life on Mars originate? A.lt is impossible to say just when this belief in the theory of Mfe on Mars began. Modern investigations and discoveries have strengthened I this belief, and the present discus- j rions probably date from the investigations of Professor Pickering of Harvard, who said in 1909 that with an expenditure of $10,000,000 the earth can talk to Mars through 35,(100,000 miles of interstellar space. His plan was tills: Light travels with vast rapidity and to enormous distances. Reflectors of sufficient size catching parallel beams of '.ight from the sun can readily be made to drive them back at an angle that will send an , enormous flash to the eyes of watch-1
SSO REDUCTION Round Trip Fare To Rio De Janeiro NOV/ 3300 Steamers call at the beautiful-Islands of Trinidad and Barbados on return trip, providing Interesting stop-offs for tfte sightseer. Tickets available for six months from date of issue. Make your reservation now. FLETCHER AMERICAN COMPANY Travel Service
Before she left here she said to her friends when asked where she was going: “Oh, I know where I’m going. I’m on my way to visit our Kaiser at Doom.” She was as happy as a little girl when she returned and was overbubbling with enthusiasm, her intimates said. But the “course of true love never did run smooth” and as the gossip w r ent around that Wilhelm and the Princess were in love, the opponents of such a match began organizing to outwit Cupid just as if they had been boy and girl sweethearts. Before the romantic June at Doorn the Princess had many visits from royalists, but since then she has been snubbed altogether by them. Fiancee Is Strong Hermine Is strong, muscular, and above medium size. She has long chestnut tresses and her brown eyes sparkle with cleverness. The Kaiser’s beloved is energetic aftd business-like, closely supervising her estate and household.
mothers of 655 of these children, in effect. “We had to do anything to get a bite of bread," said the 165 mothers of 412. One hundred and forty children had to earn money for their school books and clothes One girl worked so she would have enough to buy a graduation dress. On 6 mother wanted to dress her children as well ac the others in the neighborhood. Some Were Unwilling Did children all work willingly? Don’t you believe It. In many cases mamma had to bribe, and threaten, scold and hire them to work, according to the report. One woman with five children said: "I make the children string tags; sometimes they cry and want to go
lon County without devising some means of cutting down the tremendous voting strength of the colored population. The increase in negro voters in Indianapolis is one of the changes in local politics which the j Democrats have not generally recognized when figuring their chances. | The Republican party has had this j vote always. To make it doubly r tain this year, a negro, Tom Dexter, was put on the ticket for the State Legislature. It might be said, without bias, as far as the colored man :s concerned, that Dexter lends no strength to the Republican ticket. Negro voters have alwt ys stood for whatever candidates or issues the Republican party proposed. It must be admitted, however, that even among Republicans, there are some prejudiced against the black man, and many of these will not stop at scratching their ticket, but go all the way toward the Democratic side. This, admittedly, is ingratitude to the negro, who. right or wrong, has voted I as a unit for the Republicans. The Democrats are weak in Lake County, which really is a part of the Chicago industrial district and i contains thousands of foreign-bom i voters who have stuck dependably for the Republican ticket. The Amer-ican-born population in the Calumet i district is also Republican. This section is Influenced largely by Repub- ■ llenn newspapers of Chicago. The Democrats will gain Congressmen almost, certainly from the First. I Second. Third and Fourth districts. | and probably in the Eighth and j Twelfth districts. Their chances are i only fair in the Fifth and Sixth. In th’e face of these changed oondlI (ions, principally In regard to Mar- | ion County and Lake County. Ralston i must obtain a big lead outside them to win. JAMES MARSHALL.
j ing Martian astronomers. Once the | Martians see this flash, coming, then i withdrawn and coming again, they - will realize that we are signaling to j them. If they answer with similar I flashes —and every telescope on earth will be pointed toward them in the eager quest for a reply—the whole tast. problem will be solved In a flash, ns it were. Thought will have been sent to Mars and sent back again. Q. —Are Henry Ford’s plants vniontzed? Does he pa}’ union wages? A.—His plants are not unionized. In general, he pays above the union rate of wages to all his employes. Q. —When was the first marathon run, and how did It get its name? A. —The first real marathon was run during the new Olympic games at Athens, Greece, April, 1896. The name "marathon” was derived from the legendary run of Pheippides, who ran 150 miles from Athens to Sparta, to ask the aid of the Spartans, arriving in Sparta on the second day.
Not so long ago she brought a newspaper and changed its policy overnight. When she made the purchase the paper was liberal In its views. The next day it was an urgent supporter of the monarchist group. Two of the Princess’ daughters, one of 12. and another of 4, together with a son of 9, will make the trip to Doorn with her. One of her boys will be left in school here and another placed In the keeping of her pastor in Germany. Hermine's first husband, a lieutenant in the Prussian guard, was killed when he fell from a horse In 1920. Although she is of the nobility, she allows her children to play with peasant neighbors. The correspondent saw one of her boys romping with a dirty faced peasant child on the estate of Hermine. The Princess' full name is Hermine Von Schoenaich-Carlath and she is mistress of the ancient Schoenaich castle that dates back to the Eighteenth century. She is a descendant of a proud line of reuss nobles.
cut. I can save the money earned, and buy something.” On the other hand, 362 of these members of the younger working set worked because others in the neighborhood did. You might almost say because It was fashionable* Everybody was doing it. Sometimes ten or a dozen of them would get together and sing at their tasks. With 187 of the children the fathers and mothers seemed to think it was a choice of two evils. If the children weren’t inside working they would be out on the crowded streets. One mother thought her boys were better off working at home than '■roaming the streets and wearing out their shoes.”.
Politicians Ask Effect of Bonus Veto On Jobs The Literary Digest poll of the soldiers' bonus—the heavily shaded States favored the bonus, the lightly shaded States opposed it. By XEA Servics WASHINGTON. Sept. 26.—Congressmen are asking one another what, if anything, the veto of the soldiers’ bonus means politically in the face of elections. The recent postal card ballot on the bonus showed sentiment in favor of the bonus in the north and central west and on the Pacific coast. Literary Digest readers in the east and the south and the mountain States returned a vote against the bonus.
WHY NOT? By BERTOX BRALEY I GAVE the beggar fifty cents From out my hard-earned competence, And I felt very virtuous about it; For there's Joy to charity Which warms the heart, as you’ll agree It does you good, there's not a chance to doubt it. THAT night I drove my flivver ear. I hadn’t run it very far When all ;u once a splendid boat went by me; The man within the driver’s seat Was decked in costly garb and neat. And with averted glance I saw him eye me. THEN all at once it came to me Just who that wealthy bird might be — It was the mendicant whom I had aided. Os course it made me pretty sore To think I'd given from my store To one whose riches had me wholly faded. I BROODED on It for a while And then —I smiled a subtle smile. Because an inspiration struck me gaily: So now four hours a day 1 sit. With hat outstretched to catch each jit— I'm cleaning up some fifty dollars daily! (Copyright, 199, NEA Service;
Tomorrow’s the Big, Glad Day! For Then Begins the Wonderful Private Car Exhibition of the Famous Gilbert Toys f Never Anything Free Wireless Like It Before! Concerts INSTRUCTIVE, ENTERTAIN . a,ly ING, AMAZING, IMMENSE Free , .. Here 2 Days Only— Demonstration 0 . Os Fascinating September 27 and 28th Toyslnd open Afternoonß . 3:30 to 5:30 Tricks. Open Evenings, 7:30 to 9:00 Positively No Sales From the Get Your Tickets Without car Permitted. Charge From Our j) Toy Department Car is On Capitol Ave., East End, Track 8. Charles Mayer & Cos. 29-31 W. Washington St. Established 1840.
CHINA OWLS 10 BILLION AND HAS NO CREDIT POWER Pekin Government in Bad Way Financially With Only One Security Left. By R. G. MARSHALL United Press Staff Correspondent. PEKIN (By Mail to United Press.) —China’s inability to get a substantial loan, either foreign or domestic, at a time she needs it seriously, is explained by a report of her financial status, compiled by Chinese and members of some of the legation staffs. China owes in round numbers $2,000,000,000 and of this total $440,000.000 is unsecured, or the security is wholly inadequate. The remainder is secured by the customs, such salt revenues as have not been seized by the provinces, the railroads and the telegraphs. The largest single unsecured debt Is to the Nishihara banking group in Japan, which loaned without asking security, $150,000,000 when the Anfu or pro-Japanese government was in power. Seized Salt Mines A year ago the unsecured loans did not exceed $200,000,000, but since that time the provinces have seized the salt fields. Wu Pei-fu seized the revenues of the Peking-Hankow railroad and Chang Tso-lin seized the northern half of the Peking-Mukden railroad. Wu Pei-fu also seized a portion of the telegraph revenues. These government enterprises have had a measure of foreign supervision to insure reasonable efficiency, but the properties have been seized by the military despite the protests of foreign investors. Just one good security remains, the customs. That source is under rigid foreign control and being established mainly in port cities accessible to foreign gunboats, is in little danger of seizure. The customs is taxed to the present limit by foreign loans, only a small portion each month being available for the government. An Increase of one and a half per cent is soon to go into effect, but most of this increase, according to the Washington Conference agreement, must go for liquidating the foreign debts. LEARN A WORD TODAY Today's word is—CALIPH. It's pronounced—ka-llf or kal-if, with accent, in either case, on the first syllable, but with the “a” long in the former, as in “kale,” and short in the latter, as in "hat.” It means—literally, “successor,” but is used in English almost, if not quite, exclusively as a title, applied to the successors of Mohammed, both as temporal and spiritual rulers, now claimed by the sultans of Turkey. It comes from —Arabic “khalafa," to succeed. It’s used like this —"With the English holding him practically a prisoner and demanding from him a policy in line with their wishes, and with the Kemalists, who control most of his dominions, demanding from him an entirely different policy, the position of the caliph at Constantinople is embarrassing.”