Indianapolis Times, Volume 34, Number 166, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 November 1921 — Page 6

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PUBLIC WORKS TO STABILIZE EMPLOYMENT Kenyon Bill Outgrowth of Conference Over Labor Conditions. SOLUTION MAY RESULT Special to Indiana Daily Times and Philadelphia Public Ledger. WASHINGTON, Nov. 22.—Leaders In the President’s conference on unemployment regard as a milestone in economic progress the bill introduced by Senator Kenyon of lowa. The measure would prepare against future cyclical periods of business depression and unemployment by giving Government department heads more latitude in placing public works. The Kenyon bill, referred to the Senate Committee on Labor, provides that the Secretary of Commerce shall publish monthly reports on the trend of business and on the approach of periods of business depression. These summaries of conditions, together with any recommendations of the Secretary of Commerce, are to be forwarded to the President. heads of executive departments and to Congress, in order that they, as well as Governors, mayors and private Industrial enterprises, may prepare for and plan against any foreseen economic disturbances. PUBLIC PROJECTS TO RELIEVE DEPRESSION. The measure further provides that the head of each executive department, with the advice of the President, may postpone the start or retard work on such portions of public projects within his jurisdiction as may be deemed necessary in helping counteract an impending period of industrial depression and unemployment. Otto T. Mallery, member of the industrial board of Pennsylvania and secretary of the committee on public works of the President's unemployment • conference, believes a national public works policy such as is contec plated In the Kenyon bill, may check unemployment* In Its worst year by one-’hird. “Periods of acute Industrial depression have been occuring once in every seven or ten years during the twentieth century. If public works were Increased In years when private industry decreases, stabilization of employment would result. Statistics recently collected for 1020 and 1921 indicate that $2,500,000,000 in wages represent the difference between boom and depression In the factories of the United States; $1,730,CK0 difference In wages In trade and transportation; $25,000.000 difference In agriculture. Ashing, domestic, personal and professional services, and $500,000,000 loss to miners, making a grand total wage loss between 1920 and 1921 of $5,000,000,000. TEARLY AVERAGE SPENT ON PUBLIC WORKS LARGE. “Five billion dollars decrease In total wages Is our yard stick measure of acute unemployment. The total average of all public works within the United States by all governmental agencies, without considering those public works paid for by current taxation, is $525,000,000 annually. If we should adopt a national policy of expanding public works In years of depression and contracting public works during the other years, Is It too much to believe we can execute three times the average In the year of unemployment, 'ikely to occur once In ten years? if so, our figures for public works will be $2,475,000,000 In a bad year, or $1,835,000,000 Increase for a year of depression over an average year. Ninety per cent of this expenditure for public works, or 51.C50.000,000 mny be estimated as the amount to be spent for wages, and this figure will represent the potential usefulness of a national public employment in a year of depression In works program as a safety valve for unprivate industry.”—Copyright, 1921, by Public Ledger Company. OIL. SWANSEA, Wales, Nov. 22.—The first Mesopotamian oil to reach Great Britain reached here in the form of a cargo of 6,500.000 gallons on five tankers from the Persian gulf.

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MEN AND BUSINESS By RICHARD SPILLANE

Special to Indiana Dally Times and Philadelphia Public Ledger. On the Road. Nov. 22. JUDGE Gary’s announcement that the volume of business in the steel industry has more than doubled in the last ninety days, will have a great influence toward dissipating the fog and doubt In the minds of many men. Ilis further declaration of “a return to large prosperity In the comparatively near future” Is surprising In its broad optimism. There hardly Is a man in America whose record as a business prophet Is so good as the head of the Steel Corporation. Why shouldn't it be good t He stands in close relationship with the masters of finance, the masters in the field of steel and the great body of industries making up the consumers of steel. He. better than any other man, is in position to know what inquiries are being made the world over for steel, what orders are being placed and what business Is developing. Practically every forecast he has made of business has been correct. Therefore, | his pronouncement will have great weight. But it would have been more satisfying to some students of affairs if the judge had given n bit more of detail. When he says the steel business has more than doubled In the last ninety days it would have been well if he had state* the perj centage of production three months ago. Was it 15 per cent three months ago or around 20? What is it now, 35 or 40 or more than 40? We know that some of the United States Steel properties have been on a 50 per cent basis all this year (the Tennessee Coal and Iron, for instance). But we also know that some of the Steel Corporation properties have been dreadfully dull. In a period like the present the people crave facts and figures. It Is good indeed to have the declaration of Judge Gary. It confirms in part what was printed In this newspaper in a survey of business conditions throughout America. In fact. It makes the statements in that survey regarding steel appear modest. No one now will doubt that the whole business outlook is much better. There are some very weak spots. There are some lines of business that are limp and almost lifeless. But as a whole there has been a radical change for the better. The sooner that sinks Into the consciousness of all the people the better. Women's Skirts Grow Longer IT IS evident that the skirts of women are lengthening. That means a larger use of cotton and wool in the textile mills. Where is it coming from? The 1921 cotton crop was the smallest in a generation. Mill takings have been large. Exports, compared with last year, are heavy. There Is said to be a considerable amount of stuff still In farmers' hands, but it looks as if the world might know a shortage of cotton before the new crop Is picked. The new crop may be big, moderate or small. It depends on the farmer, the weather and the boll weevil. The farmer of the South looks to cotton as his king. He diversified this last season ns never before and what did he get ? A low price for his early picked cotton and so low a price for his other crops—corn particularly—ns to sour him. lie is likely to plant more cotton in 1922 than in 1921 and take chances on the boll weevil. Asa matter of fact, the drought probably did r.s much to curtail this year's crop as did the weevil or, to state

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the case differently, the plant was so poorly nourished owing to lack of moisture as to make it particularly subject to attack. There are only a few places on the earth where cotton is grown in quantity. These are the United States, India. Egypt and China. Ordinarily the United States crop represents from GO to 06 2-3 per cent of the total. The American cotton is the great commercial staple. The East Indian stuff Is short staple and of limited virtue. The Egyptian cotton is long staple and very fine. China’s crop Is hard to estimate. There are no reliable statistics in Chin;, as to'anything from population to the cotton yield. One thing certain is-that China's crop—most of which is grown in the country not far distant, from Shanghia—ls far below China’s requirements for the great textile mills of Shanghai buy considerable American and East Indian cotton and the piece goods trade of China Is immense. There was a huge surplus from the 1920 cotton crop but it was of very low grade. Much of it has been absorbed. And now comes a change in the style of v.omen's clothes. It has been estimated variously that i ■ add an inch to the length of the Chinaman's shirt would require from 100,COO to 200,000 or more bales of cotton. How much cotton and wool will be required If the skirts and undergarments of women are lengthened two, three or so Inches. There are more Chinamen than there are American women but per capita tue consumption of cotton Is greater here than anywhere else on earth. Style plays a large part In the consumption of silks, wools and cottons. Longer skirts may clear up the available supply of wool and cotton before the next crop—Copyright, 1921, by Public Ledger Company. ‘SayltWith Lilies,' Reformers' Slogan for U.S.l'uritij Dag CniCAGO, Nov. 22.—“ Say It with lilies.” Reformers Issued this command today when plans wero laid for a national purity day. Protest against the merry whirl of the worldly Is the Idea back of the new day to !>•• marked on the calendar. On Purity day all persons who resolve to walk the straight and narrow boulevard will wear a lily In their lapel. “The day Is set aside to give us more heaven and less hell on earth,” said Arthur Burrnge Farwell, nationally known vice crusader and the father of the Idea. The date for wearing lilies, which is to be on a Sunday, when people are supposed to neither toil nor spin, Is to be set soon.

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INDIANA DAILY TIMES, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 22,1921.

INDIANA ROADS COMMENDED BY OHIO SENATOR Policy of Completing Main Roads Throughout Extent Held of Value. Senator Charles Brand of Urlana, Ohio, today In Ohio newspapers summarized his observations of two inspection trips over parts of the Indiana State highway system, laying stress upon the fact that under the direction of Lawrence Lyons, director, the highway commission is concentrating Its efforts in closing gaps in the main market roads. The statement of Senator Brand follows his last visit here a few days ago when, In company with a party of Ohio good road advocates, Inspection was made of stone, .Travel, brick and concrete roads radiating from Indianapolis to Columbus, Seymour, Bedford, Bloomington and Martinsville. In part Senator Brand says: "Ohio good road authorities, confronted with the statement that Indiana’s State highway system Is paved almost exclusively with native material, gravel and stone, have collected Information which shows that COO miles or one-sixth of the State system of roads In Indiana, are of hard-sufaee pavement, which Is giving excellent service. “The Hoosler State, In pursuance of a policy Inaugurated by Lawrence Lyons, the new director of the State highway commission, hereafter will concentrate its available funds on linking up the most Important routes, starting the Improve-

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ment of a main road and carrying it through to completion, rather than building short sections at a time and leaving gaps between the Improved sections, as in the past. “Great inconvenience to travelers has been caused by this 'skip stop’ method of road building, which now has been discontinued. “Seventy miles of pavement was laid during the last fiscal year by the Indiana State highway department, made up for the most part of scattered contracts let for the purpose of connecting previously existing pavements In which gaps had been allowed to remain. Os this mileage twelve aro on the Lincoln Highway, west of Valparaiso, serving to complete the paving of the route from Valparaiso to the Illinois State line, with the exception of a small gap. “Additional contracts for the pavement of the Lincoln Highway east of Valparaiso will be let for the coming year. 1 Attention also will be given to the completion of the Old National road east and west across the State through Indianapolis. CHICAGO EXPECTS FARE DROP SOON Wage Cut May Follow Reduction in-Surface Car Charge. CHICAGO, Nov. 22.—The Illinois Commerce Commission, it was expected today, will Issue an order, probably before Thursday restoring the 5-cent fare on surface line street cars In Chicago. The present surface line fare Is 8 cents. Reductions of the fare probably will be followed by an attempt by the car companies to cut wages of employes. Possibilities of a strike are seen in any move of this sort. It is estimated $24,000,'000 a year in revenue will be taken from the street car companies by the fare reduction.

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COAL MEN FAVOR SHANK SCHEME FOR WOMEN AIDS Correct Measure Campaign to Be Continued by Inspectors. Mayor-elect Samuel Lewis Shank has the approbation of the retail coal men Who are members of the Commercial Credit. Audit and Correct Weights Bureau for his plan to have women assistant market masters watch for violations of the weights and measures laws In the city market so as to give the regular deputy inspectors of the city weights and measures department more time In which to watch the scales and deliveries of the coal men, said Frank G. Laird, manager of the bureau, today. The weights and measures department and the bureau have cooperated for some time upon the problem of correct weights in coal deliveries. Mr. Igiird said he hopes it will be possible to continue this cooperation with the new personnel of the department. The legitimate coal dealer, he said, approves of the city In-

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spectlon and reweighing system because he desires to give correct weight. Sometimes the city inspectors find that scales are Incorrect in favor of the customer and the coal men are saved money by having the defect pointed out. The city weights and measures department has been conducting a coai reweighing campaign since Oct. 35, Edward McGuff, chief inspector of weights and measures, stated, and the results show, as they have in previous drives of this nature, that most coal men give extra weight. The deputy inspectors stop drivers of coal wagons on the street while en route to the customer's house and weigh the coal on the wagon, then compare it with the amount ordered. Out of forty-eight loads of coal so reweighed since Oct. 15, only eight were found to be short. Thirteen were correct and twenty-seven were overweight. One load was almost 200 pounds overweight and another 180 pounds underweight. In each instance of short weight the Inspectors found the retailers willing to make good the shortage, according to Mr. McGuff. “We havo had splendid cooperation from the Commercial Credit, Audit and Correct Weights Bureau,” said the chief Inspector, “and our records show that the legitimate coal dealers of Indianapolis strive to give correct weights. In very few instances have our Inspectors ever found them unwilling to make good

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