Indianapolis Times, Volume 33, Number 287, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 April 1921 — Page 3

LIGHT-SPACE CURVATURE SET OUT IN THEORY Einstein Makes Contribution v to Fundamental Laws of Science. 3 POINTS DISCUSSED By GERRIT P. SERVISS. (Written for and copyrighted 1921 by International News Service.) NEW YORK, April 11. —Thanks to the presence in this country of Albert Einstein. I hare just had an opportunity in the course of a social conversation with him, to obtain somewhat clearer ideas concerning the most puzzling points in the application of his great theory of relativity to the fundamental laws of modern science. There are three chief points of the Einstein theory which stand out conspicuously and to the average reader seem to be rather stumbling blocks than aids to comprehension and these I tried have cleared up. They are: First, that absolute motion has no existence so far as we are concerned, but that all motions of every kind that we see or of which we perceive the effects are only relative to one another and can be measured in a relative sense. In other words, we have no fixed background to which all motions alike can be referred. Until recently It was thought that by refined observation it should be possible to detect the effect of the earth’s motion through the ether of space. The failure of the most elaborate attempts to detect such motion was the beginning of Einstein’s discovery of the principle of the relativity of motion. This, put in a sentence, means that no uniform motion relative to the ether can be detected. SrRBOUXDED BY PROOFS. We are surrounded every day by proofs of relativity that we ordinarily not notice. When a railway train standing beside our own in a station starts to move sometimes we can scarcely persuade ourselves that it is not onr own train that is in motion. This Is a perfect example of what is meant by relativity of motion, it becomes more complicated but not less clear, when we apply It to the motion of the earth, around the sun, combined with the motidn of the sun together with all Its planets through space and the probable motion of the entire system of the stars as we see them, in complicated directions. There is no one background or plane of reference which enables us to detect the absolute motion in any of these cases. Second, the next stumbling block Is the statement that a ray of light coming from a distant star and passing close to the sun on its way to the earth is bent or deviated from its course just as If the light consisted of something having weight. Third, another puzling point is the ’ conception growing out of the Einstein theories that space does not extend uniformly In every directlorf independently of the bodies, such as planets, suns and stars that it contains, but that space in itself has what one might call a kind of shape, more specifically, that it possesses curvature, and that what seems to us a straight line, may, if followed far enough, turn out, or perhaps necessarily must turn out to be a curve. time space DIMENSION. Fourth, still another thing in the Einstein theory which is difficult for the general reader to grasp, is the idea that we call time, in a sense, a fourth dimension of space, and that space and time, instead of being, as has generally been assumed by scientific men, heretofeore, entirely separate and independent things, are essentially connected. It was the hope of obtaining, with Proefssor Einstein's aid, a clearer statement of the meaning and relations of these various points in his theory that, being fortunately thrown into his company, I took the liberty of questioning him. In regard to the first point, the statement already made above may stand as representing about as clear a presenta- ’’ tion of the matter as can be put in a few words. Its relation to the points can be developed as we go along. In fact. It comes ont immediately In the explanation of why a ray of a star is deviated by the attraction of the sun. This is due to the curvature of space in the neighborhood of a heavy, attracting body such as the sun. At a great distance from an attracting body space may he essentially straight, but in the Immediate neighborhood of a body It assumes curvature. This is a result of calculations which must be accepted at their face value by those who are not familiar with the higher processes of mathinaties. It Involves the Idea of the essential relation of time to space. It is In what Is called “space time,” or “tlrni space," that this curvature is produced, and It Is the result of motion. EIGHT RAY BENT OUT OF COURSE Now, if a ray of light from a star away off In space, billions of miles beyond the sun, passes close to the sun’s surface, where space is comparatively curved, or where Its curvature becomes distinctly manifest, the result is that that ray following, so to speak, the curvature of space through which it passes, is bent out of the course that it formerly pursued. Just as if sun had attracted It. The direction of the bending or curving of the ray Is toward the sun and when the ray, having been thus deflected,

FOR EXCESS IVB URIC ACID TRY THE WILLIAMS TREATMENT 85 Cent Bottle (32 Doses) FREE Just because you start the day worried and tired, stiff legs and arms and muscles, an aching head, burning and *'4earing down pains in the back—worn out before the day begins—do not think you have to stay In that condition. Be strong, well, with no stiff joints, sore muscles, rheumatic pains, aching back or kidney trouble caused by body made acids. If you suffer from bladder weakness, with burning, scalding pains, or if you are in and out of bed half a dozen times a night, you will appreciate the rest, comfort and strength this treatment should give. To prove The Williams Treatment conquers kidney and bladder diseases, rheumatism and all other ailments when due to excessive uric acid, no matter how chronic or stubborn, if you have never tried The Williams Treatment, we will give you one 85c bottle (32 doses) free if you will cut out this notice and send It with your name and address. Please send 10 cents to help pay postage, packing, etc., to the Dr. D. A. Williams Company, Dept. T-ICS7, P. p. Building. East Hampton, Conn. Send at once and you will receive by parcel post a regular fee bottle, without charge and without incurring any obligation. Only one bottle to the same address or family.—Advertisement.

TUBERCULOSIS

-Advertisement.

|>r. Glass ha.positive proof tha: ha U able to cure —.tuberculosis by Inhalation in any [•climate. fcg For further !nBarmatlon address Hke T. F. Glass ■nha la n t Cos.. Kfason Bldg , Eos ■Angeles. Cal.

Throw Drinks in Cops’ Faces NEW YORK, April 11.—Policemen Invading Coney Island cases drank from every glass they saw. Many diners returned the compliment by throwing the contents in the policemen's faces. Only one arrest was made.

reaches the observer's eye on the earfh, his vision follows it backwards in a straight line and he sees the star shifted out of its correct position and further from the sun than it would have appeared if there had been no bending of the ray. Curiously enough. Newton had the Idea that light consisted of particles of matter that were shot out from the sun. and according to that idea, which modern science for a hundred years has rejected, the simple attraction of the sun would have sufficed to deviate a ray in the same that we have described, but to only just half the extent. By the Newtonian theory such a ray should be turned out of its course close to the edge of the sun eighty-seven seconds of an arc. but by the measurements made at an eclipse a few years ago, the actual deviation of the ray of a star was found to be 175 seconds of an arc, which accorded substantially with the amount predicted by Einstein’s theory. This has sometimes been described as if it simply indicated a doubling of the effect of gravitation. The quantity used by physicists and astronomers is represented by the figures thirty-two feet per second. The Einstein results if interpreted by the ordinary law of gravitation, would indicate that the ray of light fell toward the sun or was drawn toward the sun at the rate of sixty-four feet per second. EQUATIONS DIFFERENT. I asked Professor Einstein whether this comparison was a good one. He replied it was true that according to his theory the deviation of light is double what it would be on the Newtonian supposition that light consists of particles subject to ordinary gravitation, but he added that it is not true to think that his equations may be represented by the statement that the quantity G affecting the ray of light when it passes the sun becomes magnified into GG. “My equations," he said, "are different, being based on nn altogether different principle and assumption. They are the result of exceedingly long mathematical calculations regarding the geometrical properties of space. Yau can not say that the physical properties of space are a consequence of the geometrical properties of space. The two are co-reiated, but neither is the consequence of the other.” When I attempted to form a popular statement of the principle on which these peculiar properties of space are based by Professor Einstein, he good-naturedly remarked, “It would lie possible In a lecture of no very great length to explain the fundamental methods on which these calculations are based and the consequences to which they lead, but between the ideas and the consequences there is that long way which the mathematical calculations go, and if you state the consequences after you have statea the ideas, public has simply to take your word that you can arrive at those con-

When asked to summarize his career of eight years as Secretary of the American Navy JOSEPHUS DANIELS replied “Four Years of Quiet —Then Hell on All Sides” The screen which safeguarded American secrets may now be lifted, and this Mr. Daniels is doing in a notable series of articles entitled:

iLullJOMUQMrirTI^^^ JOSEPHUS DANIELS.

These notable articles will appear daily beginning THURSDAY, APRIL 14th Exclusively in THE INDIANA DAILY TIMES

sequences from the basis of those ideas. The curvature of space being a consequence of mathematical conclusions from the fundamental principle, the only true road to the conclusion is the mathematical one. But once the fundamental principle granted, you can make a series of deductions which lead to the result that wherever there is matter space is curved." MERCURY EXCEPTION. This deviation of a light ray is with one exception the only physical or experimental confirmation that has yet been obtained of the correctness of Professor Einstein's theory. The exception is that of the planet Mercury, which for generations has puzzled astronomers by peculiarity of its motion, which the older theories failed to explain. The Einstein theory accounts for this motion of the perihelion with remarkable completeness, but the explanation can only be followed by mathematical analysis. One other confirmation that has been sought. Professor Einstein admits, still fails to be forthcoming. This is a certain minute shifting of the lines in the spectra of moving bodies such as stars. Professor Einstein told me that at present he does not contemplate any further physical tests, but he clearly Insisted upon the fact that terrestrial mechanics are not affected by the developments of the doctrine of relativity. Only In the most refined research are its effects at present perceptible. 8 TEE I, MEN MEET TONIGHT. Members of the Indianapolis Chapter of the American Society for Steel Treat- i ing will give fifteen minute talks, followed by round table discussions, at the meeting of the chapter this evening at the Chamber of Commerce building. Those on the program will be Arthur L. Cramp. La Fayette Motors Company, whose subject will, be “Carbonizing and Hardening Camshafts”; IV. R. Chapin, E. C. Atkins & Cos., "Hardening High Speed Steel"; Charles Prexler, Stevenson Gear Company, ‘’Hardening High Speed Forming Tools.”

THE PAINTING SEASON IS HERE—And Lower Prices, Too

( |jf irvP ''"y TAN ARUS.,;

INDIANA DAILY TIMES, MONDAY, APRIL 11, 192’.

Bandits Fail to Size Up Abraham NEW YORK, April 11.—Five bandits tried to rob Abraham Goldberg in his case. He apologized to the police because three of them got away. The other two may possibly recover, but will never be the same again.

To Ask Harding Here for Fourth Address President Harding will be asked to attend end give an adf'rtss at the Ju , Fo it'tli celebration to be b.'IJ I y the Marion County Council of the American Legion, at the State Fair grounds. Gen. John J. Pershing, commander of the American Expeditionary Forces in the war, and F. W. Galbraith, Jr., national commander of the American Legion, also will he asked to speak from the same platform. These plans were outlined at a meeting of the council and Sidney Miller, chairman of the committee on arrangements, held Saturday evening In the council’s headquarters. An athletic program is to be staged in the morning of the Fourth, the various Marion County schools participating. A bns-ball game between two Marion County councils will be held. A parade in the morning, preceding the program at the Fair Grounds will feature the day's celebration. Chicago Warehouse Is Destroyed by Fire CHTUAGO, April 11.—Nine small children were carried from their beds to the street and damage estimated at SIOO,OOO resulted today when fire swept the building of the Livingstone Warehouse and Van Company and for a time threatened several homes in the vicinity. The storage house was gutted by the fire.

You’ve been wanting to paint your house —it lias needed it for some time. But you’ve been putting it off, waiting for lower prices. There is no reason why you should wait any longer. Lower prices are here—at this ideal time of the year for painting. The best paint you can buy—BITRDSAL’S HOMESTEAD—costs you less today, because the good materials used in it cost us less now. And this saving has been passed on to you. Sold by all good dealers.

RURDSAL’S it. iff Paints for Every Purpose

Our Navy in the World War Don’t miss a word of this gripping series. Mr. Daniels will tell you an absorbing story of fact more interesting than fiction. You may go with him behind the screen of secrecy which hitherto veiled many inportant subjects. He will take you with him into the Conference room where momentous battles of will were waged over mahogany tables. With him you interview Lloyd George, Clemenceau, Joffre, Balfour, Admiral Jellicoe. You will hear of almost incredible feats of arms than were performed under stress of war. Secretary Daniels may —nay he will —tell you of how Prince Udine caught the measles and of taking the Little Nursery Rhymes Away to war.

INDIANAPOLIS HIGH IN RANK Ninth City in U. S. in Number v of Building Permits Issued. Only eight cities In the United States issued more building permits for construction of greater value than Indianapolis, according to the March report on national construction activities issued by the American Contractor of Chicago. The report shows that there is a start toward what may become a national building boom. Indianapolis is one of twenty-four cities which went over the million dollar mark in valuations in March. During that month 1,091 permits were issued for buildings valued at $2,336,964. Los Angeles led the country outside of New York City in the number of permits and valuation. Permits totaled 2,911, and valuation $6,915,210. New York was far in the lead of all cities. The eight cities which were ahead of Indianapolis in valuation were New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Baltimore, Detroit, Cleveland, Philadelphia and San Francisco. Those who issued more permits than this city were Los Angeles, Baltimore, Detroit, New York, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Philadelphia and Seattle. Cities whlchdiad more permits, but less valuation,, than Indianapolis were Cin cinnatl and Seattle. San Francisco and Chicago had more valuation, but less permits than Indianapolis. Among cities having more population than Indianapolis which Indianapolis outranked were Washington, Boston, Kansas City, Minneapolis, St. Louis, Pittsburgh, New Orleans and Milwaukee.

OPEN SATURDAY NIGHT UNTIL 9 O'CLOCK:

Children's Coats $3.95 Regular $lO values in serge and cloth coats for little tots. Well made and nicely lined.

One Day Sale of

jf |p s |

Values Actually up to $30.00

Sale of One Thousand Mouses

All Sizes i Regular j $0.65 All Colors $5.98 All Styles I Blouses \ Georgettes, crepe de chenes, mignonettes. Snappy models in lace, embroidered or plainly tailored styles. Wonderful values at this Sale price of $3.65.

Sample Blouses, $| AQ Georgette and tricolettes, pongees, all the I wanted models. All sizes in the lot A I

For Women Who Wear Extra Sizes

Boys' 2-Pant SUITS *s= JL Brand new ’■Mt Spring Suits for dresß or school IsP^jSgS wear, In man- #Bp4K\^f\ nif-h models with belt. Every suit I® full size, large \;-f. and roomily made, well tat- Igl lored of excel- JH lent materials in the finest colors. Two pairs of full lined knicker trousers with each suit. Sizes 7 to 18 years.

Stout Sizes in BLOUSES *5 Sizes 48 to 52, in extremely attractive blouses in Georgettes and crepe de 'chines.

TWAUCOTT BROTHERS’ 311-321 W. Washington St

Spring > i. ti. i Bj’ The Best in Town at the Price sl^7s K& Choice Materials— Choice Models Choice Colors —Ripple, pleated, box and braided models. Note the sizes— 16 to 44.

Difficult as it is for the woman who needs stout sizes to find apparel that will satisfy her, the problem is no less difficult when it comes to the underthings. We have made special efforts to supply the most comfortable and at the same time the most stylish garments obtainable.

$1 Night Gowns and Drawers, 69£ Night Gowns of batiste with embroidery trimming. Drawers of exceptionally good quality muslin, neatly trimmed with lace and embroidery. $1.98 Petticoats or Pantalettes, $1.29 Good quality sateen is used in making these very generous sized garments. The colors are black, navy blue. Copen, purple, brown or gray. Sizes 48 to 54.

Specials for Women Muslin Underwear ENVELOPE CHEMISE, night gowns and petticoats, (stout sizes). Made of good quality materials, oq neatly trimmed ... p A GINGHAM PETTICOATS; good quality, cut full and made well; splendid for every day PETTICOATS AND PANTALETTES; made of sateen, a good assortment of colors. Regularly $1.25, 7Q/ HOUSE DRESSES; ginghams, percales, in checks, plaids and plain colors; smartly made and trimmed in various ways; unusual t“ s SI.OO POLLY PRIM APRONS; neat little aprons, with bib effect and ties; plain colors, checks and plaids; many trimmed with ric-rac braid. Extra special 49c

S2O Values in .Dresses Coats and Wraps On Sale at $7.95 Trieolette, Satin, Taffeta dresses in smart, straight line and over skirt models. A good range of colors included. POLO AND VELOUR COATS AND WRAPS, in the wanted short sports models, and the long coats as well. Sizes 16 to 44. Just for Tuesday at this price.

$3 House Dresses, $1.98 These in extra sizes; made of ginghams or percales and neatly trimmed. Sizes 48 to 64. $3 Crepe Kimonos, $1.95 For the women who wears sizes 48 to 54. Crepes in pretty floral patterns. $1.98 Chemise, $1.29 Made of excellent quality long cloth and neatly trimmed with dainty lace. (Sizes 48 to 64).

Mr . Man! You Can’t Afford to Miss These Savings $1 Union Suits, 69c Ribbed balbriggan union suits In ankle and knee lengths; white or ecru. $2 and $2.50 Union Suits $1.55 Cooper’s fine ribbed union suits, ankle P length, long or short sleeves; hf * ’ white or ecru. /\l S \ Sizes 36 to 52. jfi' ) Stouts or reg- jr*-—£p| $1 Leather ffl Belts, 43c HI \IH Leather belts, in wide or narrow styles; black, brown, and gray. $1 Silk Hose, 69c Clocked hose, with reinforced heels and toes; black, navy, brown and green. $1.25 Overalls and Jackets, 85c Crown Brand Overalls and Jackets, for painters and paper hangers; sizes 32 to 50.

3