Indianapolis Times, Volume 33, Number 57, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 July 1920 — Page 7

INSANE? GLANDS DID IT, CLAIMS LATEST SCHOOL Experts on Feeble-Minded Say Most Crimes Result From Glands Gone Wrong. STATE MUST PROTECT By FREDERIC J. HASKIN. CHICAGO, 111., July 16.—There may soon come a time when criminals will be treated and cured as sick persons, acordinsr to Dr. Madeleine A. Hallowell, formerly medical director and superintendent of the New Jersey State Institution for Feeble Minded. Her talk on defective delinquents was one of the most interesting features of the four days’ convention recently held by the national conference on the education of the truant, backward, dependent and delinquent children and the American Association of Public Officials of Charity and Correction. This convention was called for the purpose of organising a national council of public welfare to have jurisdiction over the various reform organisations throughout the country. Like most reform conventions they met with the Idea of organizing the patient human race a little more, but, unlike most, they were neither sentimental nor Indignant over its deplorable shortcomings. They simply turned the cold, clear light of science upon them. They were a group of psychiatrists, physicians, criminologists and practical educators, so earnest and so advanced in their work that one almost felt tempted to be a criminal for the sake of their scientific and improving care. But. according to Dr. Hallowell, you are not likely to be a criminal If your ductless glands are all right. This is hard to understand, as the average person Is hardly aware that he has ductless glands living their mysterious and sinister lives Inside of him, and even doctors have not arrived at more than a vague understanding of them. , Nevertheless criminologists and physicians are working more and more on the theory that morals have a closer relationship to physiology than most of Us realize. HOLD GLANDS tUESPONSIBLE. "It is like this," said Dr. Hallowell. • “One person who flies Into a rage will pot even think of murdering the one who has provoked him. ! ‘‘Another person will think of murder, but will have enough self-control to refrain from it. • “A third person who has been angered HiU lose all sense of control and commit a murder. J "Later he will be unable to understand what has happened to him to brake him do such a thing. “The different ways in which these

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people are affected by anger are simply due to a quantitative difference In their chemical reactions to the emotion of anger.*’ When people fell anger or fear or some other strong emotion the chemical composition of the blood is always changed. Among certain criminals and feebleminded this chemical reaction, or change in the degree of alkalinity of the blood is different from that of normal human beings. The alkali in the blood comes from the secretions of certain ductless glands, particularly the thyroid gland, the eicesslsve growth of which often causes goitre, and the suprarenal gland above the kidneys. It is believed that these people can be brought back to normal by being given extracts of the dried glands to which they are deficient. Dr. Hollowell says that so far they have not been successful in their attempts to reform the erring by treating their wayward ductless glands, but that they have every expectation of obtaining results in time. The experiment is still in its Infancy. For a long time, of course, they have treated feeble-minded patients by the same methods with very marked results. THREE TYPES OF FEEBLE-MINDED. "From the pathological standpoint," says Dr. Hallowell, ‘feeble mindedness can be divided into three categories: The formative or organic type in which the structure of the brain cells has developed abnormally due to some inherited condition: the traumatic type, In which the structure of the brain cells bas been injured due to some shock or lesion before or after birth, and the functional type, in which the structure of the brain cells is complete but they do not react normally to apparent sensations. “That Is, the nervous system and the brain are perfect structurally, but are f prevented from proper functionatlon by some extraneous cause. “The first two types must be regarded as hopeless because it is Impossible with our present limited knowledge to supply brain t'ssue or to restore that which has been permanently injured. “The feeble-mindedness of the functional type, however, is due largely to the chemical condition of the body. “When this condition is treated by giving extracts of the deficient glands the patient is often very mueh improved. “Since it bas been learned that many criminals have an abnormal chemical condition of the blood caused by the same glands whose deficient functioning causes certain kinds of idiocy, it seems only logical that they might be Improved by being treated in the same way. “All this Is enough to make the average harmless citizen feel an uneasy interest in his glands. “Imagine being suddenly moved, after years of patient suffering, to rise up and slay the person who sits next to you at a concert and rattles his program. “You may have thought of doing this often but nothing short of a ductless gland would cause you to be so Impulsive. “Who knows when a ductless gland

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might get out of repair? “According to a learned book by Dr. W. A. White, superintendent of the St. Elizabeth Hospital for the Insane in Washington, these glands are very numerous and of a furtive nature. • “There have no apparent outlets or secretions, but they have a marked effect upon the growth, physique aud mentality by their hidden secretions, which enter the blood in some unknown manner. f “Among these glands Is the pituitary, a small pea-shaped gland at the base of the brain, an abnormality of which causes exaggerated growth. “We owe the giants of our circus side shows to changes in the pituitary gland. “When the thyroid and thymus glands at the base of the neck are deficient in their secretions cretinism results; that Is. the type of idiocy connected with dwarfed stature, short neck, thick lips and clumsy gait. "Some wonderful cures of cretinism have been accomplished by giving extracts of the thyroid gland." Diseases of the sexual glands cause numerous forms of Insanity. Certain cases of sadism, that little mentioned form of aberration which is j responsible for so many violent crimes, have been shown to be accompanied by a disease of the joints, and there is an ' unexplained connection between them. Syphilis is a frequent cause of insanity and crime, as is exemplified by the paretic who shot Mayor Gaynor. Altogether these glands have anything but a pleasant history, and we can all rejoice that Dr. Hallowell and so many other advanced physicians and psychiatrists are turning their attention to | them. 1 “The protection of the moral Integ- ; rlty aud the conservation of the mental | virility of Its citizens are primary and | inherent functions of government," says | Dr. Hallowell. “The slate is socially responsible for j the ills that menace society, and their final elimination must be undertaken as ' a public duty. j “Feuble-mindedness has always been ! recognized as a social plague, but not i until modern science revealed the extent I to which it threatens the welfare of the i state were we, as a people, willing to | face is as a great social problem. “Modern social service has developed i a philosophy of public action towards the socially unlit that is based not alone on sentiment but also on science. “We have today, at least, n scientific method of approach to the problem of mental deficiency that fully warrants our establishing a comprehensive program for the adequate provision for and protection against mental defectives.” Very Good, if True SP KING FIELD, 111., July 10—G. L. McCulley has a hen who has heard the “high cost of living'’ nnd has started to ‘ answer it. The hen laid an egg within an egg. The outside shell measured ~ l i Inches in elrcumfettmee nnd it weighed four aud three-quarter ounces. This makes it twice the size of an ordinary egg.

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! ALICE BLI'E GOWN (From musical comedy ‘‘lrene’’) Sung by Irene Williams ALEXANDRIA (From ’’Aphrodlte”) Rung by William Robyn /SOME ONE (Fox Trot) No. 2030 \ All Star Trio 85c { WHOSE baby ARE YOT7T Brunswick / (Fox Trot) \ AH Star Trio , No. 2034 l DESERT DREAMS (Fox Trot) u- J Rudy Wiedoeft's I’alace Trio , , J MISSY (Fox Trot) Brunswick ( Hudy wiedoeft’s Palace Trio 1 SO LONG OOLONG (Fo* Trot) .. son l Isham Jones’ Rainbo Orches>o. 0011 ) j ra *IOO LA VEEDA (Fox Trot) Brunswick / Isham Jones’ Rainbo Orches- \ tra

INDIANA DAILY TIMES, FRIDAY, JULY 16, 1920.

Marion’s Public Square Hitchrack Last of Its Race, Loses Anchorage

Historic Landmark and Bone of Many Contentions Done Away With After Forty Years’ Service. By B. L. M’VICKER. Word comes from Marlon that Grant county’s famous hitchrack, which has [ adorned the public square of that city j lor more than forty years, has been i torn away. Excavations are being made for cer- , tain improvements where the old rack once stood, and some sort of ornamental j decorations will supplant the posts that ; have stood there through the storms and j sunshine of many decades. Years ago, other cities of equal or even j lesser Influence and power gave up theli ancient hitchracks about their public i squares, so the one at Marlon must certainly have been the last of Its race In the Hoosier state. PATHOS IN PASSING. There is something pathetic about the ' passing of old things to the new, even ■though the going is forty years or more behind the scheduled time. The writer of this article, in the halcyon days of rosy youth, knew personally Marlon’s' historic hitchrack, from having often played about Its time-worn posts. As we perused the dispatches announe- I tng Its demolition, our thoughts scurried i back to that long ago, when dad was sometimes sufficiently generous to let us ride to town with him in tho old-sash- ' ioned buckboard behind Dobbin, who was afflicted with heaves and oftlmes had to pause nnd cough vociferously along the way. Poor Dobbin. He is long since dead. I DOBBIN KNEW HIS OWN POST. But Dobbin knew his ow n post when he reached the public square and would walk straight up to it without guidance. Year after year he and others of his : kind had whetted their teeth on that | post, until its top resembled a half worn* ! out feather duster or a bunch of celery i tips. Nevertheless, there is no doubt that in its day the hitchrack was a blessed in- { .sUtutlon in some respects. When the farmer drove to town In tho' j two horse farm tvagou with the “old! | woman and the the hitchrack at i the public square was the only friendly harbor in which to anchor. He would unbridle “Bill" and “Prince” j and let them calmly munch their oats by the frazzled post. Sometimes Bill Jacks, from the swamps of Weaver, and Hen Bright, from the

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frog ponds of Stringtown, would bring their sweethearts into the county seat to have their “picters tuck” together in tintype style. The boys did not do this often, for it was seldom that pap would allow them to have the buckwagon for such occasions. But what a glorious time it was for Bill and Hen when such days did come and how like conquering heroes they trotted their “hosses” up to the old hitchrack with their sweethearts by their side. CORNERS FOR “HOSS” TRADERS. At least two corners of the square were pre-empted by “hoss" traders, who came from the suburbs and distant hamlets to ply their trade. Their trading stock consisted of “plugs” of all sizes, shapes and kinds. Some were sweenied, puffed, clubfooted and with one hip knocked down. Some of their "hosses” were blind, halfstarved, distempered, with values ranging from $3 to sls. The same description would apply to their owners, but the hitchrack was their trading mart. Many times during the period of this history, the hitch rack was a bono or contention between the Inhabitants of the city and the rural people and resulted In divers stormy sessions at the court of countv commissioners. Asa 'matter of fact the hitchrack was insanitary, unsightly and inartistic, and as the town grew into a city, prospering by the addition of many new industries and consequently, new people some of whom had an inherent; inclinations toward beauty and art, they petitioned the commissioners on these ground* to do away with the objection. Then the ire of the ruraiites would flare up like a mighty conflagration. The farmers alleged that the courthouse, the hitchrack and everything pertaining thereto, belonged to them. If the v enreuble hitchrack was taken away where would they hitch their teams and feed their mules when they came to town to trade and pay their taxes? Often the battle waxed warm, but the farmers always won the handicap. I It's all over now and hitchracks arc ' no longer needed; they are gone with tho I mutations of time. I In these modern days the rural swain i takes his best girl to town in a gasoI line sedan and have their photos taken together at sls per. I Such are the changes brought by the I In a motor truck, and the things recordpassing years.

W. C. T. U. STARTS FIGHT ON ROUGE NEW YORK, July 16.—War on powder and paint has been declared by the same women who were so Important a factor In effecting the passage of the prohibition amendment. Satisfied with their accomplishment in that direction, they are now turning their attention to the abuse of cosmetics, and if their utterances and f promises on the subject count for anything an anti-cosmetic amendment Is to be feared. Fourteen hundred women, constituting the membership of the Kings County Women's Christian Temperance Union, will form the nucleus of the organization to start the onslaught on the paint and powder excess. 1 At the last meeting of the season of the Frances Wtllsrd Union of the W. C. T. U. of New York, Mrs. George F. Pashley, state superintendent, announced the new platform of the organization and was hailed with loud applause. “By dint of persistency, influence and precept the W. C. T. IT. will endeavor to wine out this cosmetic evil,” Mrs. Pashiey said. “The immodesty of our young girls in dressing, the universal popularity of paint and powder, have reached the stage where it behooves all Christian women to put forth their bedt efforta to anve our girls from these demoralizing influences.” Mrs. Pashley said she thought things had grown mnch worse since the war. This she attributed to the fascination of jnen in uniform for young girls.

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Says Direct Foreign Credits Are Favored LONDON, July 16.—“ The majority of American manufacturers are opposed to government loans to European countries, but ate strongly in favor of direct credits to the manufacturers In those countries.” This was the statement made by S. N. Vauelaln, president of the Baldwin Loco- ! motive works, in an article written for | Anglo-American Trade, a publication issued by the American Chamber of Com- i merce here. Vauclain has Just returned from a visit to Poland, Rumania and Serbia, where FRECKLES Now Is the Time to Get Rid of These Ugly Spots There’s no longer the slightest need of feeling ashamed of your freckles, : as Othine —double strength—is guaranteed to remove these homely spots. | Simply get an ounce of Othine — i double strength—from any druggist and apply a little of It night and ! morning and you should soon see j that even the worst freckles have be- j gun to disappear, while the lighter ones have vanished entirely. It is seldom that more than an ounce is need to completely clear the skin and gain a. beautiful clear complexion. Be sure to ask for the double strength Othine, as this is sold under guarantee of money back it if fails j to remove freckles—Advertisement.

he has had an opportunity of studying at first hand industrial and trade conditions in those rountries.

j SALE I Saturday | Including our very high- m est grade low shoes, with ■ the exception of Cuban p and military heels. Val- I ue3 up to $12.00, regard- $ less of cost or telling j price, any style, any leather, wood or leather, French or baby French heels. " Remember, we have no shoes from last year or the year before—every* thing being absolutely new when we opened, four months ago. —THEO TIES —TWO-EYELET TIES —INSTEP SCRAPS —LACE OXFOIIDS —brown kid —black kid , S —mat kid '. —suede n —white kid —white buck —AAA to D Open Saturday Afternoon 3 aud Evening. C I J %MoiTimax\/ i Os W. WA m ft IT 5 T. Tt 15 INOIAHAOOI.It 1/ 5 W. Market St. i Between Illinois St. and Monument.

The Best Cotton Mattress Made BO pounds, roll edge, round corners, side handles, at — $12.75 The Best Layer Felt / Mattress In high-grade French Imperial tick. 50 pounds, roll edge, round corners, side stitched, $22.50

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