Indiana Palladium, Volume 9, Number 40, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 19 October 1833 — Page 1

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By David -V. CuSIcy.

VIL. IX. '"TTfliWill mje hi , . Adtires .-5 Delivered before the "Western Literary Institute and College of Professional Teachers," at their annual meeting held in Cincinnati, commencing on Monday, Otli September, 1333. To the friends of Education in the We&t. Eoi:caton is still at a very low ebb amongst us; we should accuse ourselves of wilful and base flattery, were we to represent the matter otherwise: We arc certain. Fellow Citizens, that education is still at a very low ebb among us; our united experience testifies to the fact; and believing it useful toaddress you on the subject, we are compelled to speak the truth: we cannot and wo will not deceive vou. Every other Art has attained greater perfectionand is more fostered and encouraged than the Art of Teaching; and, for a proof of this,, you have but to look at the general rate of the qualifications of Teachers throughout the country. You require a mm to have spent two or three years' apprenticeship to his trade, before you will intrust him with finishing apiece of mechanical work; your Smiths and Carpenters must be persons of science and creditable execution in their respective crafts, or you will not employ then, even if they should offer to do their work atan extremely low price ; foryou justly consider that work to be too dear, however cheaply done, which is imperfectly or bunglingly done. Why, then, should the business of Teaching form an exception to this general rule of valuation? Here you seem to act in opposition to your own principles; you do not seek for a good Teacher, but a cheap one; r.nd whether he has lcarnpd his art or not, you care little; you are satisfied if he profess to have learned it, and will not charge too much for the- exercise of it. Hence your children, in many schools, learn nothing, or next to nothing; and the most precious lime of their lives is lost to themselves, to their parents, and to society. Remember, Fellow Citizens, we are ourselves practical Teachers, and speak from knowledge; and wc tell you, honestly, that your children in the primary schools of this country might be taught three, nay, four times, as much as they now are in the same lime, were these schools under proper regulations, and superintended by properly qualified Teachers, who make their art as much a matter of study, as other workmen and artizans do theirs. But this can never take place until sufficient inducements shall be held out to teachers, to form themselves into a regular Profession, and to study it systematically. With regard to the defects of Education alluded to, we believe them to belong chiefly to Elementary or Common Schools. And, indeed we are not so anxious about the education of the wealthy, which is already tolerably provided for, as about those who cam their bread by their daily labor. How many a fine and vigorous mind is kept down, among this class of people, for want of the benefits of early Education, which every Republic, that is not a mere political jroo, or Ambition's Ladder, fur demagogues to climb up on, ought certainly to afford even to the very poorest of her sons. What! aro not "all men created equal ?" Yes, but how long will they continue so, when your Legislators give you, whose lot it is to labor, nothing but the mere garbage of Ignorance to feed on, while the rich, in tho mean time, arc permitted to riot upon all the luxuries of intellectual enjoyments. But even the rich, wc are pursuaded, feel as little their own interest in this arrangement as tho poor; for the wealthiest man alive, if he reflect at all, cannot but sec, that if, on his death, he leave a family behind him, the majority of his descendants, unless they . should enjoy a singularly good fortune indeed, : must, in the course of a century, at farthest, be reduced to the common level of the rude and uninstructed multitude. Wc would call, then, upon all Parents, rich and poor, indiscriminately; we would call upon them, as they reverence the dictates of that powerful instinct of parental affection, which nature has implanted in their broasts, to preserve their country and posterity from the Stigma of Popular ignorance: will they so confine . tho means of knowledge, as to impose on their own immediate or remote descendants, tho burthen of a most oppressive end degrading mental slaverv. so that thoso of them who sink into Poverty must forever remain there, not from any natural incapacity to rise, but from ignorance of the means of doing so; in short, from the want of early Instruction? Men of the West! what aro you about? You are listening to the bickerings of rival creeds in Religion, and rival parties in Politics, and you are overlooking the very means that can save you either from falsity in tho one, or perversity in the other. You are neglecting to enlighten the minds of your children, and then, what designing Priest shall not bo able to hoodwink them? what artful Demagogue shall not succeed in leading them astray? They would show us the superiority of their creeds,- lo! here is a field for them; let them support tho cause of Popular Education; if they do not, we shall not know how to estimate the pretensions of their creeds; by their fruits wc shall know them; they can love the Darkness rather than the Light, only because their deeds pro evil. And with regard to parties in Politics, why, that one which avers to love tho people the most; let that one show it, by consulting the real interests of tho people, hv advocating a nonular. , a Universal Education, which shall ccmo homo to every man's door, and which shall be common, and of all-pervading influence, as tho light of Heaven and tho Day; and which shall prove tint sentiment of tho Declaration of our Independence, that all . men are born to the unalienable rights of liberty, . and. the pursuit of happiness, some tiling better than a mockery; forwc would ask, of what conse- ' quence is it, that wc are born to such privileges, if from the moment of our birth, and throughout tho period of our life, our souls aro laid under the ' shackles of vice, superstition, and ignorance. As Teachers, Fellow Citizens, and as men, and as Christians, we have become thoroughly convinced, and we share in this conviction, wo are assur- . ed, with the most thinking among yourselves, that unless an effective system of Popular Education

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t fl rriWTimrtiwr-riT--'--Bra?-Frii be established in these Western State?, we are on the very eve of losing all that moral and rational freedom which our civil and political institutions give us a right to expect. Many of us are deeply enarmored of the brighter glories of Literature and Science; we rejoice over the invaluable remnants of Ancient Learning, or wc are delighted to survey thoso extensive fields of Modern Knowledge, which the Mathematics and Physics have opened up, but in behalf of these, in the mean time, we crave not either your interposition or your patronage, or, rather we believe that their own proper merits can rivet your regards sufficiently, but wc supplicate you, Fellow Citizens, we implore you, wc most earnestly beg of you, do, do something more than you have done, for the cause of elementary and popular Instruction ; take care that every youth in this free country shall be able at least to read; but do not, we beseech you, stop at this; sec that he is also instructed in the history of his country, and in the knowledge of its laws, thoso laws, which are made for his observance, but how shall he either observe or do them, while he remains ignorant of them! But let it be remarked, in addition, that legislative enactments alone, can never effect this object, the general difiusion of Education among the people; if they could, we should have been all well educated long ago; legislative enactments would have educated us, for such aro not wanting in our Statute books; but they cannot do it, they cannot do it alone, very far from it. What then? You, individually, must do it, and if every one, himself, will do something, the work will be accomplished; for, the population, let it be remembered, is made up of individuals, and all duly of this sort is individual, as much as it is social and political. We would, then, recommend it to every individual to endeavor to rouse his neighborhood on this subject, and wc would leave the means of doing so, to his own judgment. It is not cur ooject to urge any one system, we would rather hear suggestions on this point ourselves. We would recommend one thing however, most earnestly, and that is, that a higher rate of qualifications be insisted on, in Teachers, especially those of Primary Schools; and if you should have to give a higher price, why, only consult tho dictates of common sense, and you will see it is ior your interest to do so. A pair of shoes which have lasted you nine months, and for which you have paid three dollars, are three times as cheap as a pair for which you gave one dollar, and which last you only one month. In short let every man apply the same sagacity, and common sense, und eagerness to the affair of Education, which he exerts on affairs of far inferior importance, and the cause shall prosper, the primary instruction of the great body of the people will be provided for, and the higher branches of Education, we arc perfectly satisfied of it, will provide for themselves. Let the plane of Education be pushed under the Feet of Sociei)', and then elevated, and the Head will rise, of course; whereas, by taking hold of the head of Society, and attempting to pull up that, you incur the danger of disseveration, you may insulate tho head from the Trunk of the Community. Fellow citizens we have addressed vou on this subject, as it became us to do, from simplicity of neart, and Willi plainness of speech: we are assured, after all, we have been only delivering to you your own sentiments; we know that you think with us on this subject; wc learn so much from the deep interest you havo taken in our proceedings; and, in conclusion, we would beg leave to express our thanks in particular to those Editors of Public Journals throughout tho West, who have so patriotically noticed this Convention . Let us go on, Men and Brethren, with firm and combined efforts, and Ignorance and Folly, in this land, shall soon hide their heads, and bo ashamed. Mechanism. We read in Genesis, that ships were as old, even on the Mediterranean, as the days of Jacob. Wc likewise read that the Philistines brought thirty thousand chariots into the field against Saul; so that chariots were in use 1070 years before Christ. And about the same time architecture wTas brought into Europe. And 1030 years be fore Christ, Ammon built long and tall ships on the Red oca and theAiediterranean. And about ninety years after, the ship Argo was built, which was the first Greek vessel that ventured to pass through the sea, by help of sans, without sight of land, being guided only by the stars. Docdatus also, who lived 980 years before Christ, made sails for ships vented several sorts of tools, for carpenters and joiners to work with. Ke also made several walking statues, which could walk or run of themselves. And about 800 years before Christ, we find in 2 Chronicles xv. that Uziah made, in Jerusalem, engines, invented by cunning men to be on the towers and upon the bulwarks; to shoot arrows and great stones withal. Corn mills were early invented, for we read in Deuteronomy, that it was not lawful to take the nether millstone to pledge, yet it was not applied to mills before the year of Christ 600, nor windmills used before the year 1200. Likewise, 580 years before Christ, we read in Jeremiah xviii. of the potter's wheel. Architas was the first that applied mathematics to mechanics; but left no mechanical writing behind him: he made a wooden pigeon that could fly about. Alchimedes, who lived about 200 years before Christ, was a most subtle geometer and mechanic. He made engines that drew up the ships of Marccllus at the siege of Syracuse; and others that would cast a stone of a prodigious weight to a great distance, or else several lesser stones, as also darts and arrows; but there have been many fabulous reports concerning these engines. He also made a sphere which showed the motion of the sun, moon and planets. And Posidohius, after-w-ards, made another which showed tho same thing. In these days, the liberal arts flourished, and learning met with proper encouragement; but, afterwards, they became neglected for a long time. Aristotle, who lived about 290 years before Christ, was the first that wrote any methodical discourse of mechanics. Cut, at this time, the art was contained within a very little compass, there being scarce any thing more known about it than the six mechanical pow ers. In this state it continued till the sixteenth cen tury, and then clock-work was invented, and about 1050 were the first clocks made. At this time, several of the most eminent mathematicians began

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to consider mechanics; and, by their study and industry, have prodigiously enlarged its bounds, and made it a most comprehensive science. It extends through heaven and earth: the whole universe, and every part of it, is its subject. Not one particle of matter but what con;cs under its laws: for what else is there in the visible world, but matter and motion; and the properties and affections of both these are the subjects of mechanics. Cure tor the IJotts. When a horse begins to suffer from the botts, he soidd be immediately bled in the neck, and the blood poured down his throat. The blood should be caught in bottles, and put in warm water to keep it from coagulating. The application of this remedy, says a writer in the American Farmer, will relieve the horse in five minutes. Ohio Alias. FnriT Trees. The Genes-see Farmer, recommends the transplanting of trees in tho fall. From the middle of October to the. middle of November is decidedly the most preferable season, says this excellent farming paper, for planting ail fruit and other deciduous trees. The sap is then in motion, they will emit fresh fibres and establish themselves forthwith, and put forward early in the spring. Ib. a rteam-eoat o?; a KEW rLAV. Mr. Burden, of this city, already favorably known to the public us a most ingenious mechanic, and the author of an important invention, whereby he has secured a fortune to himself, and conferred a great benefit upon tho country we mean his patent wrought spike machine has undertaken no less a task than that of effecting an entire overturn in the construction of steam-boats, and steam navigation, lie is now constructing a steam-boat, on a plan peculiarly his own, to run twenty-five miles the hour, and to make a trip from Albany to New -York and back by daylight. It is net, however, speed only, wl.ich is to constitute the chief excellence of Mr. Burden's boat; both in regard to materials, and weight and cheapness of construction, and the power necessary to propel it, it is designed to effect a saving of TO per cent, over the most approved models now in ue. The plan is this: Mr. Burden has constructed two trunks, which for the want of a better similitude we shall compare to two huge sea scrpests. They arc constructed of staves, except instead of hoops on the outside, they are drawn together from the inside by iron rods, having a bead at one end and screws cut at the other. These at regular intervals pass from tho outside of the trunk through each stave and through a stout iron in tlo centre, and are there drawn up and secured fart by a nut. The staves are of pine timber, 4 inches thick, and from SO to 80 feet in length. These two trunks arc to be placed side by side, 10 feet apart a: the centre, and suitably and efficiently connected together by transverse timbers upon which the deck is to be laid and the machinery placed. It is designed to propel the boat with one wheel only, which is to be placed f-c-ticcen the trunks at the centre. The buckets will be 1G feet long, and the diameter of tie wiieel considerably greater than in common boats. Tho engine will be horizontal, liko that cf the iSbvelty; and is designed ordinarily to exert a 75 horse power, but is so constructed that greater may be lad if necessary. Mr. B. however does not calculate that more will be required. The trunks were constructed at Mcritt's Mills, below the city, and were launched, or rather rolled into the Hudson yesterday. We lad the pleasure of seeing one deposited in the water element. The other was launched before we arrival. It is designed immediately to frame them togetier, and lav the deck. This done, the machinery vili be applied, and the invention tested by actual experiment. It is proper, however, to say that an experiment has already been made with a boat of simller dimensions and trunks eighty feet long; the success of which in the opinion of Mr. B. justifies the present undertaking, and is the basis of his entire confidence in its success. Mr. Burden has undertaken a g?cat enterprise if he succeeds he will have his rewird but experiment alone can determine that point. His boat, three hundred feet in length, with m average width of about 40 feet wTill look more like a floating, perhaps we should say, Jlying Island, than any thing that has yet been witnessed in the line of water craft. THE PROGRESS OF AMERICA DmiXG THE LAST CXX7URV. From the elevated position wo now occupy, let us turn our eyes back on tho history of the past century, to observe the progress of America since the birth of Washington, and the influence of his life and character on the destines ofhis country and of mankind. What was his country? Eleven small British colonics (for Georgia had then no existence, and Delawaro no separate name) were scattered along the shores of the Atlantic, within tho present limits of the United States. They extended inland only lo a short distance, their remotest outposts hardly reaching the foot of the Allegheny Mountains. Behind them was an unexplored wilderness, from the recesses of which, savage tribes, trained to war and plunder, were ever ready, at the instigation of an ambitious chief, or the temptation of a favorable opportunity, to spring forth on their inhabitants, without warning and without mercy. On the north and on the south were the colonics of France and of Spain, both ancient rivals of Great Britain, and according to the universal opinion of that ge, Us natural as well as hereditary enemies; so that every contest between those nations brought war home to the doors of the colonists, who thus suffered from all tho intrigue of European policy. From a "Report of the Lords of Trade," it appears that wool, flax, and hemp were raised in small quantities by the farmers, and wrought into coarse cloth and ropes, in their own dwellings for their own use. Besides these household manufactures, and a number of establishments for refining sugar, for distilling and for tanning, there were several forges and furnaces for making iron, and in all America, one slitting mill, one nail mill, and one paper mill; tho last of which produced paper enough to sell for nearly a thousand dollars a year. The inhabitants of the nothcrn colonics also had recently began to make hats, and had even exported some, of which great complaints were made by the hatters of London, as interfering with their business. Parliament , "diverting the thoughts of tho colonists" from man-

133.

ufdcturing and exporting the produce of their soil, enacted, under severe penalties, that neither hats nor wool, nor any manufactures of wool produced in America, should be water-borne, or laden in any vehicle or on any animal fur transportation even within the colonies themselves; and lhat every slitting mill should be abated as a common nuisance. Only two of the colonies had the right of choosing their own chief magistrates. The others had governors appointed in England, cither by the crown or by the proprietors of the colony, who possessed also respectively the right to annul, within a limited time, any law'3 passed by the Colonial Assemblies. The colonics, were not bound together by any other tio than their common allegiance to the British crown. Such was America; a number of feeble, scatter ed colonics, surrounded bv enemies, disunited, dependent. 1 OS5CS31 ;ing, indeed. in its habit of industry and entcrprse, in its uorneslic, civil, literary, and religious institution?, tho germ cf its subsequent greatness, but faintly developed; crushed beneath tho oppressions of tho colonial system, and in this part of the country still languishing under the influence of that connexion of civil and ecclesiastical power, which is every where degrading to religion, and dangerous to liberty. Such was America! Look on it new. What do you behold ? One great, united, powerful, prosperous, free people, without a master, without a rival. The Aileghcnics, which were then your Utmost limits, aro now in the midst of your population; the vast region beyond them at that time a wilderness, is crowded with villages, and towns, and cities, swarming with inhabitants, burdened with plenty; the Mississippi, whoso origin and course ! were not then known, i3 now a common highway; and tho still more remote territory, th -a unexplored, may I not say undiscovered, is now entirely subject to your laws. Your manufactures, relieved from the monopoly of the colonial system, havo extended with inconceivable rapidity ; your commerce peoples the ocean; enterprise and industry in every pursuit are nil unshackled; and under the protection of a free government and equal laws, the institutions then so feebly developed, have shut up, and spread abroad, and covered the whole land, and blossomed and brought forth fruit abundantly the fruit of knowledge and virtue. But general expressions can give no idea of our progress. Fancy itself Hags and lingers, and halts behind the truth. Look only at our population. A hundred years ago, it did not exceed 700JOO. At this day it is more than 13,000,001). Consider, too, the difference between our progress in tins respect, during the first half and the hsthalf of the century just ended. The first fifty years added to tho existing population 2,000,000, making in all nearly 2,000,000 of inhabitants in V, S3. The last fifty years have added to the number mcro than 10,000,090. The whole shipping of America, a century ago, was not 100,000 tons. At present, though the revolutionary war almost swept it from the ocean, and it suffered greatly in tho last, it approaches 2,000,000 tons. In the whale fishery alone, 1GQ0 tons only of shipping were then employed, and it now gives occupation to 00,000 tons. Our whole exports and imports, which did not exceed ono million sterling, havo increased twenty fold. There arc no sufficient data for estimating our progress in other respects; but who can look around him without perceiving, that m domestic comfort, in internal improvements, in wealth, in knowledge, and in all tho arts of life, it has been far more rapid even than in population or in trade; and that we havo advanced with constantly accelerated speed during tho v.hob period. It began with achieving the work of a century in a generation, and it seems to end with crowding the work of generations into single years. Gray. rRrSENT.VTION AT THE TAPAL COURT The following account of his presentation to the lioman pontiff, is extracted from Willis's sixteenth First Impressions. I htvc been presented to the pope this morning, in company with several Americans Mr. and Mrs. Gray, of Boston, Mr. Athcrton and daughters, nnd Mr.' Walsh, of Philadelphia, and Mr. Mayre, of Baltimore. Willi the latter gentleman, I arrived rather late, and found that the rett of the party had been already received, and that his holiness was jrivinpr audience, at tho moment, to pome Russian ladies of rank. Bishop England, of Charleston, however, was good enough to rend in once more, and in the course of a few minutes, the chamberlain in waiting announced to us that Padre Santo would receive us. The ante-room was a picturesque and rather a peculiar scene. Clusters of priests of different rank, were scattered about in the corners, dressed in a variety of splendid costumes:, white, crimson and ermine, one or two monks, with their picturesque beards and flowing dresses of gray or brown, were standing near one of the doers, in their habitually humble attitudes, two gentle mace-bearers guarded the door of the entrance to the pope's presence, their silver batons under their arms, nnd their open-breasted cassocks covered with line lace; the deep bend of the window was occupied by the American party of ladies, in tho required black veils, and around the outer door stood the helmeted guard, a dozen stout men at arms, forming a forcible contrast to the mild faces and priestly company within. The mace-bearcrs lifted the curtain, and the pope stood before us, in a small, plain room. The Irh priest who accompanied us prostrated himself on tho i'oor, and kissed the embroidered slipper, and Bishop England hastily knelt and kisred his hand, turning to present us as he rose. His holiness smiled and Rtminnd forward with a o-esturo of Ids band, as it to prevent our kneelincr. and, as tho bishop mentioned our names, ho looked at us and nodded smilingly, but without speaking to us. hctucr he presumed wc did not speak the language, or wneiner i:u . thought us too young to answer for ourselves, ho confined his inquiries about us entirely to the good bishop, leaving me, as I had wished, at leisure to study' his features and manner. It was easy to conceive that the father of the catholic church stood before me, but I could scarcely realize that it was a sovereign of Europe, and temporal monarch of millions. He was dressed in a long vesture of snowwhite flannel, buttoned together in front, with a large crimson velvet capo over his shoulders, nnd band and tassels oi guvcr Cioin Hanging jrom vi-

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I mMCK ITS neatb. F!nni yttc tlcull-cnp covered the crown of Jus head, and his hair t-lightly grir.h'd, fVll straight towards a low foro.Vad, cxpi-ssivo of nntiirj merely. A Inrgo cnicral on his fiirvr.'nn'd Flippers wrought in gold, with n rru?s on tho instep,' coinph-tc ! hi rii'oe.Uis 1-icc U homilv moulded. , i. Id Jll .1 I Y Jill M II IH. U "at unmarked, and expressive mainly of ninth nil-Kiui.ae.-s; norv, js uncommonly "large, rathr ponuant than prominent, fml an incipient doubh 1 r .1.1.. La.. , M.gauy han-ing check?, and cvv, over which theliusorop. as ifm ccpt nt fhc r,;,j 0f(vrry ec. fence, connrni tho general i.upros,ion of his pre neo-that cf an indolent and chl man. lii nqmnos w.-w principally of tin, catholic church in Kuurnoiv. Oucntioned by th,. bishop n the city of 3Ir. .-.layer s residence.) ofit procession, it. de;nfM of t::te, und whothor it was reen-niz-d by tho "vcrnmc.t. At the tint i , convention, hishohncps Fnnk-d and bowed, the Irish prhvtprotrateu Jmi.scll ngnin and knc! hi foot, ami With a bkvv:;-- from tho father of th. chnr.'h v.t retired. Of tho three reigning monnrcha of Europc"ti wnom I havo now been preientod, there i ll(,t Ono who.-e natural dignity and personal iitnc f,r Ida tint ion have improved, in any degree, like that of our own vencrabl-j president. 1 have npproehod th former through guards and masters of ceremony, with .-ill the tplondid paraphernalia of regal palaeiv around, theinssclvc: in the imposing dnvs of mrnarchs, standing in tho sanctuaries oflmtory mid ns-f-ociatioii. I called upon tho latter w ithout oven sending- up in name, introduced by the pnti of ono if his friends, in the pcarce finished government-iou:-e of the low republic, and found him in tho 1 i oid.-t of his family, hardly recovered from a c-vrrj illness. The ciieunistancea were nil in tjvnr ,ri f.jrnier, but 1 think the mo?t bigoted follower of kingi would find something in tho t imph: maunrri and f tern dignity cf Die gniy old "chioflnin," tint w ould inipive-j him far more than tho atate of all t!u monarchs cf ohiittcndciu. l rwrssn:. On tho 1st and 2nd were 17 utifticccFsful balloting in the logibl iture for a Senator in Congress. inst. thcro Tennesson i no candidatcs wore Grundy, Foster und Ktlon. Mr. G. generally received tho greatest, and Mr. K. tho smallest number of votop. On t!io fi:st ballot thoy stood, Mr. Grundy XI J, Foster ID, and Liton IT; and, on tho last, Grundy Foster 20, nnd Fatou 15. Another effort was to bo undo cn t!u following day. Wo have New Oilearn pipers cfthc SfUb, ly which wo learn that H15 death occurred in that city from the 1st to the 52 If Ii ult. inclusive. Tho Louisiana Advertiser says: "There has been quite a change .'i t?. weather, within the last Ihreo or four days', which wo hopT will prove beneficial to tho health of our devoted city. God know.-;, wo havo Buffered eevcrcly enough fjr the hijtyesr to havo a respite for a tlioit time. Accident. The Steamboat Huron, on tho d'2v.X ult., on her way down the Mississippi, struck n sua;; nt tho foot of iVilmyra Inland, a few miles below Natchez, and sunk in four hours. Her carpo principally owned in St. Louis. LoulstiUc Jour. Nr.w-Oj:i.r v:cs, Sept. 25, lS'K). Lass cf the Ship Etscr a lament aide Catastrophe. Captain :inith, of tho Brig Mexico, arrived yesterday from MatanzF, learned from Cuptain Law'ton, just come in from Xcwpnit, that he had picked up in his brig, near tho islands of Bermuda, the mate and crew of tho British ship Essex Captain Vaughan, which cleared from this port July for Liverpool. Lawton ran close in with tho Essex; she was nearly burnt to tho water's cdc, and was burning when lie left her. Tho mate informed Capt. L. thatCapt. Vaughsn had died a few hours before tho discovery of the fire, nnd the only passenger aboard, Mr. Hobson, lately engineer on the Ponchartrain Kail Koad, who wa? lying sick in the cabin, perished in the flames. No intimation was had of tho firo until the mainmast was burnt offand the llamcs burst throuqh tho deck at various points. Tho crew could nardly get to their boats, and saved nothing but what they had cn their backs. Sumo f.upjosc that hro vvni left in the hold by cigars cr otherwise in stowing the cargo here; os tho deck end sides were a cinder when discovere d ; but wet ferrnci.td cotton may produco spontaneous combustion. Wo can but relate and regret the unfortunato ine'd'nt. Tiio mates and crow had been landed at New Providence. Iloicr.m Mrunm. A murder of an aggravated nature was committed on tho iivth ult. nenr Centrevi'le, in Salem county, by a man named (Itorgc Iiartou,on the person of his wife. The particular.? of the case nre said to bo ns follows Barton is a confirmed drunkard nnd had been intoxicated for eight or ten days previous to the commission of the net, and in a fit of passion, goaded by tho demon of jealoury and intemperance, committed tho fatnl net for which he will have to answer, not only to the violated laws of hif f' llovv-man, but L.l'ao the tribunal of his God. Tho parties had rctided in tho neighborhood nbout three years, and were from tho eastern part of the state, where, we nre infbrinyd, thev nre respectably connected. A coroner's iuq;iest was held over the body, who unanimously ngreed, that the deceased came to her death by violence indicted by George Barton her husband. Rt'idgituwn V. J. OLsirvcr. Cu YviourviLT.r, Lv.Oct. 0. Emigration, The tide of emigration is flowing to the ici sttcurd tho present season nt u rapid rate. For the last month our streets have been almost Jailv crowded with "moving wagons," bound for tlu North and West; and "not? and then" one tabes up ,s n)mn itirmff na nnrplmyin" th3 lilTl!! OfsOlnCi early pioneer, who takes up the line oi march nguin for the frontier. , ... t , . The number of emigrants to the est, this reason, has not been surpassed for tho last two years. Record, lino to Rrvire Frame. Beat up three cuncrs cf white of egg, with ono ounce of hluride of potath or Fodilaii3eru' over the frame with a soil brufh in this mixture. The gilding will immediately Iqcobjo bright and fresh.