Indiana Palladium, Volume 9, Number 4, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 9 February 1833 — Page 1

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me By avid V. CuJIey. 2fer2H0-$3 PEH YEAR 334 PER CENT. DISCOUNT MADE ON ADVANCE, OR ICS ON HALF YEARLY PAYMENTS. LAWRSNCEBCRGH, (IA.) SATORJBAY, FESKUAKY 9, 133. tNO. -3.

PENNSYLVANIA WHISKEY INSURRECTION. , The initial steps of revolution, or rebellion, having been taken in South Carolina ii is worth while to recur to history for an example of the modo of treating it when it phall come to a head. The Whiskey Insurrection-it is true, did not interpose the arm of ifaie soverci gr.ty let ween leleilion and the halter, but in all other respects, the resemblance is strong enough to impart interest at present to iis details. In the year 1790, an Excise Act was passed by Congress, imposing a duty on spirits distilled in the United States. In a majority of the States scarcely an objection was heard to this mode of taxation; but in ihe four western counties of Pennsylvania, a prejudice, fostered and embittered by the nrtifice of men who labored for an ascendency over the will of others, by the guidance of their passions, produced an organized opposition of force. Various acts in opposition to the laws took place, and in September 1791, a convention of delegates from the malcontent counties was assembled at Pittsburgh, in which resolutions of extreme violence were adopted against those who wero inclined either to comply with the law or accept the offices through which it was to be executed. When the government perceived that further delay was useless, legal process was delivered to the marshal against the delinquent distillers and those who had committed violence on the revenue officers. No sooner

was he understood to be engaged jn this duty, than the vengeance of armed men was aimed at his person, and the person and property of the inspector of the revenue. They fired upon the marshal, arrested him, and detained him for some time as a prisoner. He was obliged, by the jeopardy of his life, to renounce the service of other process, on the west side of the Allegheny mountains, and a deputation was afterwards sent to him to demand a surrender of that which he had served. A numerous body repeatedly attacked the house of the inspector, secured his papers of office, and finally destroyed by fire his buildings, and whatever they contained. Both of the officers, for self preservation, fled to the seat of government; it being avowed, that the motives of such outrages were to compel the resignation of the inspector; to withstand by force of arms the authority of the U. States and thereby to extort the repeal of the laws of excise, and an alteration in the conduct of the government. What followed, shall be told in the language of Washington in his speech to Congress, Nov. 29th, 1704. "Upon the testimony of these facts an associate justice of the Supreme Court of - the United States notified to me, that 'in the counties of Washington and Allegheny in Pennsylvania, laws of the United States wero opposed, and the execution thereof obstructed by combinations, too powerful to be suppressed by the ordinary course of judicial proceedings, or by the powers vested in the marshal of that district.'' On the call, momentous in the extreme, I sought and weighed what might subdue the crisis. On the one hand, the Judiciary was pronounced to he stript of its capacity to enforce the laws; crimes, which reached the very existence of social order, were perpetrated without control; the friends of government were insulted, abused, overawed into silence, or apparent acquiescence; and to yield to the treasonable fury of so small a portion of the United States would be to violate the fundamental principles of our constitution, which enjoins that the will of the majority shall prevail. On the other, to array citizen against citizen; to publish the dishonor of such excess; to encounter the expense and other embarrassments of so distant an expedition, were steps too delicate, too closely interwoven with many affecting consideration, to be lightly adopted. I postponed therefore the summoning of the militia immediately into the field; but re quired them to be held in readiness, that if any anxious endeavors to reclaim the delu ded, and to convince the malignant of their danger, should be fruitless, military force might be prepared to act before the season should be too far advanced. My proclamation of the seventh of August last was accordingly issued, and accompanied by the appointment of Commissioners who wero charged to the scene of insurrection. They were authorised to confer with any body of men or individuals. They were instructed to be candid and explicit, in stating th ? sensations that had been excited in the executive, and his earnest wish to avoid a resort to coercion; to represent, however, that without submission, coercion must be the resort ; but to invite them at the same time, to return to the demeanor of f.iithful citizens,' by such accommodation as by within ihe sphere of the executive power. Pardon too, was tendered to them by the government of the United States, and tint of Pennsylvania, upon no other condi- . tion, than a satisfactory assurance of obedience to the taws. Although the report of the commissioners marks their firmness and abilities, and must unite ail virtuous men by showing that the means ot conciliation lisve i been exhausted, . ell those who had committed or abetted the tumults did not subscribe the mild form, which wis proposed as the atonement; and the indications of a peaceable temper were nevr sufiiciea'ly general ucr conclusive, to

recommend or warrant the further suspension of the march of the militia. Thus the painful alternative could not be discarded. I ordered the militia to march, after once more admonishing the insurgents, in my proclamation of the 25th of September last." J The governor of Pennsylvania having declared his opinion, that the militia of that State w!k could be drawn forth would be incompetent to enforce obedience, the aid of the neighboring States was consequently necessary. Quotas were accordingly assigned to the states of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia, and an army of 15,000 men was put in motion, under the command of Gov. Lee, of Va. the Governors of New Jersey and Pennsylvania commanding under him the militia of their respective slates. The troops of New Jersey and Pennsylvania were directed to rendezvous at Bedford, and those of Maryland and Virginia at Comberland on the Potomac. President Washington, in person, visited each division of the army, but being confident that the force employed must look down all resistence, he left the Secretary of the Treasury, General Hamilton, to accompany it, and returned himself to Philadelphia, at which place the approaching session of Congress rendered his presence almost indispensably necessary. From Cumberland and Bedford, the army marched in two divisions, into the country of the insurgents. As had been foreseen, the greatness of the force prevented the effusion of blood. The disaffected did not venture to assemble in arms. Several of the leaders who had refused assurance of future submission to the laws, were seized and some of thern detained for legal prosecution. But although no direct and open opposi tion was made, the spirit of insurrection was by no means subdued. It was therefore thought advisable to station, for the winter, a detachment to be commanded by Major General Morgan, in the centre of the disaffected country. Two of the ringleaders, who were tried and convicted of treason, received their pardon; and thus without shedding a drop of blood did the prudent vigor of the executive terminate an insurrection which, at one time, threatened to shake the government of the United States to its foundation. The paragraph of President Washington's speech, which concludes the division relating to the insurrection, is marked by that high patriotism aud deep insight into human nature, which characterized the father of his country, and could never be quoted more appropriately than at the present moment: 'To every description of citizens, let praise be given; but let them preserve in their affectionate vigilance over the precious depository of American happiness, the Con stitution ot the united states. Let them cherish it too, for the sake of those, who from every clime are daily seeking a dwelling in our land. And when in calm moments of reflection, they shall retrace the origin and progress of the insurrection, let them determine whether it has not been fomented by combinations of men, who, careless of consequences, and disregarding the unerring truth, that those who rouse, cannot always appease a civil convulsion, have disseminata!, from an ignorance or perversion of facts, suspicions, jealousies, and accusations, against the whole government.'1 C. F. Daniels, Esq., Editor of the Camden Journal, retired from that station on the 1st inst. In his valedictory address, he says: "I shall be succeeded by Native Carolinians by those who can advocate the principles of order, law, and government, without carrying dead weight. It has been a continued source of ungenerous imputation upon me, that I am a "Yankee," and therefore an alien enemy in South Carolina. I feel much pride in pleading guilty to the enormity of my birth place, but the inference is as false as it is unmanly. No native son of Carolina need love her better than I do none has ever spoken to her citizens with more honesty of purpose or more integrity of intention, whatever may be said to the contrary by angry partizans, and embittered political foes." The unfair Sex. Two men in Montreal, on the night of the 3d inst., knocked down a woman and robbed her of her cap, cloak, and even the combs in her hair. A grave offence. Some mischievous fellows siole a door from a tomb in New York a few7 evenings since. John Sergeant. It is a common remark by common observers that they see nothin" great in Mr. Sergeant. Paulson's Adv. Fire at Lowell Mass. We are informed by a gentleman from Lowell, thai a fire broke out in that town yesterday morning, in a large brick block, on Central Street, which was occupied mostly by dry goods dealers and printers. The Journal and Evangelist offices were in the building, and all the contents of the Evangelist office were destroyed. A book bindery and a tailor's shop were also destroyed. The building svas owned by J. B. French, Esq. Weekly Messenger, Jan. 19.

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Congressional. ANALYSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. January 22. In the Senate, yesterday, Mr. Silsbeo presented the credential of the Hon. Daniel Webster, re-elected a Senator from the State of Massachusetts for six years, from and after the 4th of March next. Mr. Wilkins from the Committee on the Judiciary, to which had been referred the Message oYtho President of the United States, communicating the South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification, and other documents, reported a bill to amend the revenue laws, in substance as follows: The 1st Section provides that the President in cases where powerful combinations render it impracticable to collect or secure the revenue, may remove the custom house in each collection district, to some secure place on land or on board of a vessel, at which place the duties shall be paid before landing; and authorizes, the President or Collector to repel force by force. The 2d Section extends the jurisdiction of the Circuit Court to all cases arising under the revenue laws of the United States, and authorizes any person injured in person or property in the execution of the revenue laws, to sue in the Federal Court; and all property seized under the various revenue laws of the United States shall not be sub ject to replevin. The 3d Section authorizes any person sued, officers or others, (in a State Court,) for acts done in execution of the revenue laws, by petition, to remove such suits into the Circuit Court of the United States. The 4th Section provides that where a party is sued in a State Court for any act done in the execution of the revenue laws, and cannot obtain a copy of ihe Record on application to the Clerk of the State Court, the same may be supplied by affidavit or otherwise, as the case may allow, in the Courts of the United States. The 5th Section authorizes the President of the United States to issue his Proclamation and to call out sufficient military force to repel any force which may obstruct tho proceedings of the Federal Courts he being notified of tho necessity of doing so by some Judge of the Federal, Circuit, or District Court. The Glh Section provides that when a State shall refuse the use of its jails and houses for the confinement of prisoners, the Marshal shall, under the direction of the District Judge, provide some other suitable place for that purpose. The 7th Section extends the privilege of the writ of Habeas Corpus to the cases of persons confined under a State law for having executed tho laws of the United States. The bill was road, and ordered to a second reading. Mr. Robbins from the committee on the Library, reported a bill authorizing a subscription to Duff Green's stereotype edition of the Laws of tho United States, at $2 50 per volume of G50 piges, which was read and ordered to a second reading. Mr. Robbins, from the same Committee, reported a bill authorizing a subscription to a documentary History of the American Revolution, proposed to be published by M. St. Clair Clarke and Peter Force, which was read and order ed to a second reading. Mr. Dallas laid before tho Senate resolutions adopted by the Legislature of Pennsylvania, in opposition to the passage of the bill reported by the Committee of Ways and Means, in the House of Representatives, for the reduction of duties on imports, which were read and ordered to be printed. At an early hour, the Senate resumed the consideration of the bill, appropriating for a limited time, the proceeds of the sales of the public lands the question being on Mr. Poindexter's amendment. Mr. Poindextcr concluded the remarks which he commenced on Saturday, in favor of his amendment and the general provisions of the original bill. Mr. Ewing following in opposition to the amendment, and in favor of the original bill. Before he had concluded the Senate adjourned. In the House of Representatives, numerous petitions and memorials were presented and referred to the appropriate Committees. Mr. Cambreleng from the Committee on Commerce reported a bill authorizing the reimbursement of certain discriminating duties levied on foreign vessels and their cargoes. Several private bills were reported by the Standing Committees. The House then went into Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union upon the tariff bill, Mr. Wayne in the chair. Mr. White, of Louisiana, addressed the Committee about one hour agamt a reduction of the present rate of duty on sugar, and was followed by Mr. Polk, who spoke upwards of one hour in support of the general principles of the bill, and adduced several of the returns made from the manufactories in pursuance of the call of the House, at the last session, upon the Secretary of the Treasury, to prove that under the contemplated reduction of duties ihe manufacturing business would be the most profitable pursuit in the country. After some conversion between Messrs. E. Everett, Polk, and Adams relative to the printing of these returns, which had been ordered at the last session, but had not been completed, Mr. J. Reed moved the Committee rise, which was carried, and tho House adjourned. January 23. In the Senate, yesterday, Mr. Grundy, from the Committee oa the Post Office and

Post Roads, to which a resolution on the subject had been referred, made a icport adverse to a reduction of the present rates of postage which was directed to be printed. Mr. Hendricks, from tho Committee on Roads and Canals, reported bills, making appropriations for the continuation of the Cumberland Road through tho States of Ohio, Ind iana and Illinois- making an appropriation for the opening a road in the Territory of Arkansas and making appropriation in aid of opening certain roads in the Territory of Michigan. They were severally read, and ordered to a second reading. On motion of Mr. Wilkins, the bill reported on Monday by the Committee on the Judiciary,

"further to provide for the collection cf duties on imports," was taken up. Having been read a second time by its title, Mr. Wilkins said he was instructed by the Commitee on the Judiciary to move that the bill be postponed to, and made tho special order for Thursday next. Mr. Bibb suggested its postponement to Thursday week ; Mr. Mangum named Monday week; and Mr. Clay Monday next. A debate of considerable interest ensued on the question of postponement, in which Messrs. Williams, Bibb, Grundy, Mangum, Miller, Clay, Smith, Poindexter, Frelinghuysen, Brown and Ivng took part. The question to postpone the consideration of the bill to Monday week was then rejected by the following vote : YEAS Messrs. Bibb, Black, Calhoun, Mangum, Miller, Moore, Poindexter, Rives, and Tyler. 9, NAYS Messrs. Bell, Benton, Brown, Buckner, Chambers, Clay, Clayton, Dallas, Dickerson, Dudley, Ewing, Foot, Forsyth, Frelinghuysen, Grundy, Hendricks, Hill, Holmes, Johnston, Kane, King, Knight, Naudain, Prentiss, Robbins, Robinson, lluggles, Seymour, Silsbee, Smith, Sprague, Tipton, 1 omhnson, aggaman, mte, ilkms, and Wright. 37. Mr. Wilkins withdrew the motion for postponement until Thursday next, and the bill was postponed to, and made tho special or der for Monday next. Mr. Calhoun then rose, and offered the fol lowing resolutions, which ho prefaced by a speecn oi some lensim, reiterating and en larging upon the views submitted by him to tho senate, on a recent occasion, and in the course of which ho commented with much severity upon tho character and provisions of the bill reported by the Judiciary Committee, (above referred to,) which, if passod, he declared would operate as an entire repeal of the Constitution : Resolved, That the people of the several States, composing these Uniled States, are united as pirties to a constitutional compact to which the people of each State acceeded as a separate and sovereign community, each binding itself, by its own particular ratification, and that the Union, of which the said compact was tho bond, is an Union between the States ratifying the same. Resolved, That the people of the several States, thus united by tho constitutional compact, in forming that instrument, and in creating a General Government tevcarry into effect the objects for which it was formed, delegated to that Government, for that purpose, certain definite powers, to be exercised jointly, reserving at the same time each state to itself, the residuary mass of powers to be exercised by its own separate government; and that whenever the General Government assumes the exercise of powers not delegated by the compact, its acts are unauthorized and are of no effect; and that the said Government is not made the final judge of the powers delegated to it, since that would make its discretion, and not the Constitution, the measure of its powers; but that, as in all other cases of compact among sovereign parties without any common judge, each has an equal right to judge for itself as well of the infraction, as of the mode and measure of redress. Resolved, That the assertion that tho people of theso United States, taken collectively as individuals, are now, or ever have been, united on the principles of the social compact, and as such, are now formed into one nation, or people, or that they have ever been so united in any one stage of their political existence; that the people of ihe several States, composing the Union, have not as members thereof, retained their sovereignty; that ihe allegiance of their citizens have been transferred to the General Government; that they have parted with the right of punishing treason, through their respective State Governments; and that they have not the right of judging, in tho last resort, as to the extent of the powers reserved, and of consequence, of those delegated are not only without foundation in uulh'but are contrary to the most certain and plain historical facts, and the clearest deductions of reason; and that all exercise of power on the part of the General Government, or any of its Departments, claiming authority from such erroneous assumptions, must of necessity, bo unconstitutional; must tend, directly and inevitably, to subvert the sovereignty of the States; totdestroy the Federal character of the Union, and to.rear on its ruins a consolidated government, without constitutional check or limitation, and which must necessarily terminata in the loss of liberty itself. On motion of Mr. Calhoun, the resoletmns wo ire ordi.reu io ue unuicu. iia.ii. i i i . I rni 1

Senate then adjourned.

In tho House of Representatives Mr, Hiram Hall, of Vermont, elected to supply tho vacancy occasioned by the decse of tin late Mr. Hunt, appeared and took his seat. Mr. Adams, from the Committee of .Manufactures, undo a report rchtivo to tho cause which had occasioned the delay in printing the returns from mHnuficiorie, ordered to be printed on tho QSth M y 1 ist, which was laid on the table and ordered to be printed Mr. Washington, from iho Committee on tho District of Columbia, ported a bill to establish Fire choclj in the District of Columbia. Ssvoral other bills wero reported by tho Standing Oo:n-

mittecs. A further exuhmticn w$ tnada y Mr. Adams, relative to the resolutions heretofore introduced by him, calling cn tha President end Secretary of the Trasuty for 5 jecmcai ous conncctca wini ma annual Mcssago and Report. When Mr. r. imi concluded lis remarl.s, tho hour alottcd to morning business bavin? expired. tho House went into Committee of tho whole on the stato of the Union upon the Tariff billMr. Wayne ia the Chair. Mr. J. Reed, who was entitled to the finer, ad dressed the Committro against loth tha general principle?,, end tin) chMnib of tho bill about two hours. When Mr. R. had concluded Mr. Apj leton obtained tho lloor, but gave way lor a motion by Mr. Denny that the Committee rise, wh'ch wad nega tived, ayes 1 noes fO. Mr. AppUtoa went on lor a shcrl time, when he again gave way to a motion bv Mr. Watmough that the committee rise which was alo negatived; ayes 1Q, noes 75. Mr. Applcton then resumed his speech. After troing oa about h.lf an hour, ho again gave wy to a motion iy jr. h. hverett, that Ihe Committee rise, which was carried rives Ct noes OH. The Committer bavin risen accord ingly, Mr, Speiglt noved that the JImho again resolve itself ii.to C mmittro i.ftlio whole on the state of the Union. Mr. G. Cvans moved that tl e llnee jidlnun; cn which question Mr. IVlk r&hVd for the yens and nays. The mn':it to rdjomn w.s 1 st -ayes OS, noes "IG. Mr. Vin'i n n,ov d a call of the Hons?, Mr. ln7 ik 11 rnovi d an adjournment; upon whVh Mr. Speioht demanded the yens i nd m ys, when the motion was withdrawn. M, S a:ib"iry r m ivcd the motion to adjourn. Mr.'Spc'gh: called for the yens and nays, which were ordered. The motion to adjourn utf ht ayes 71, noes 75. Mr. Vrrphnck ? id lnt the Committee finin wlrch the bill b? d been reported were nnx'ous to hr.vo it d sposed of. The eyes of the nation wire diluted to the measure. As sa gu nt a porti n f the session had elapsed, the Committee of Ways and Means invited ihe fiicnds of tho bill to carry it through the Committee rf tho Whole to-morrow ibis day if possible. Upon Ibis snggtion a convnsation nrcsa in which .Messrs. Rnrgcs, Wilde, ml K. !- erett took part when, on moiion of Mr. Cason, the House adjourned. Jaxtary 24, In tho Senate, yesterday, the bill prescribing the modo by which patni!s for tho public lands slialf be s:gncd ar.d executed, together with sevend private bill?, were pas sed. The resolutions submitted on Tuesday by Messrs. Robinson, Moore, and Robbins, were considered and .agreed to. The resolutions offered by Mr. Calhoun, on the same day were taken up. Mr. Mangum moved to postpone their consideration until Monday; but withdrew the motion at the request of Mr, Grundy, who E mitted the following resolutions is a substitute for those offered by Mr. Crdheun : 1. Resolved, That by the Constitution of the United States, certain powers are delegated lo the General Government, and liseso not delegated nor prohibited to the SlattP, are reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people, 2. Resolved, That enn of the powers expressly granted by the Constitution to tho General Government, and prohibited to tho Stales, is that of laying duties en imports. 3. Resolved, That tho power to lay imposts, is, by the Constitution; wholly tn.r.sferred, from the State authorities to tho General Government, without at:y reservation of power cr right on tho part of tho States 4. Resolved, That the Tariff laws r.flSCS and 1S32, are exercises of the constitutional powers pcs3cssed by the Congress of the U. States, whatever various cp'nions may exist as to their policy and justice 5. Resolved That nn attempt on tho part of a State to annul an net of Congress, passed upon ary subject, exclusively confided by tho Constitution to Congress is tin encroachment on tho rights of the General Government. 0. Resolved, Tint attcmpis to obstruct or preve nt the exf cution of the seve r.l seta i of Congress, imposing duties on imports. whether by Ordinances tif Conventions, vr Legislative enactments, are not warrantee! by tho C-n:itut!on, and e'angeious to tha political institutions of the rountrv. On mfjtiou ef Mr. Grundy, the resolutions were ordered to be printed. Tho 'whole subject was thf n postponed until Monday. The Senate n sumed the consideration of tho bill appropriating, fcralinitid lime, h3 proceeds of ih s b sof tho phi I c Lni?s Ihe question be'nj on Iho amendment offered bv Mr. Poindexter. Mr. Twinff onchnled bis rttrutks in opposition to thu lament! rut tit cd in fcvor tf the bill Mr,