Indiana Palladium, Volume 8, Number 8, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 10 March 1832 — Page 1

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VOI. VIII.

LAWffiMCSISQJRGII, (IA.) SATURDAY, MARCH 1, 1832,

-mi

-' -- TriTTTr'lMwm-'lf"ITiifii'

HOUSE OFBPttBSEA'rJTir!S, , As equali.y is universally recognized a. , Government, as .he committee will pro-

.. . .. t,IO lJJClJlfli principle oi just iaxa. ceed to show as briefly as possible. It

uon,un,rormi.y in Me duties imposed is may be assumed that at least one half the most obvious rule by which that of the revenue accruing from imports, principle can be preserved from viola- will be derived from iron, sail. nar.

linn. Iha nnn.i;ii; t ; . . - ' 1

uuusiiiuiiuu provides mai spirits, ana manufactures of cotton, 'all impost and excise duties shall be wool, iron, hemp, and iax, and from

uu.i.u, luiuugnomine united states, otner imports which come in competi

.... ui Huac ui preventing won wun domestic productions. As to

unequal taxation. 1 he spirit of this this half of the federal taxes, nothing is

.c.u wuu.u uuuuuuieaiy require mat more clear, than that the manufaclur the same rate of duty should be laid ins or protected interests bear nr. nnr,

upon the same description of produc- lion of the burthen they impose on the lions, however made or acquired, pro- community. The duty imposed upc.. vided they be consumed in the United iron, sugar, or cotton manufactures, for

oiaich. u a proauci oi domestic indus- example, is i.o burthen at all, but a try, converted into n foreign manufac- bounty, to the manufacturers of these ture, is subjected to a certain duty, no respective articles, while it is an ungood reason can be assigned why a sim- doubted burthen to the other classes of

uar domestic manufacture should not the community. If this were not so, thev be subjected to the same rate of duty, would desire a reduction instead of an

i ne respective manufactures, though increase of the duties. But this is net

acquired oy d.tlerent processes, are all. Eich manufacturer sells more of

ciudiiy me production of domestic in- his own manufactures than he condusfry; and to impose a tax upon one, sumes of all other protected articlesbecause it is obtained by the mterveh- perhaps five or ten limes the amount.' lion of a foreign exchange, and exempt He not only gains, therefore, more than the other, because it is manufactured he loses, by the duties imposed upon in the United States, is in no respect imported articles similar to his own ess unequal and unjust than it would manufactures, but he gains more than be to levy an excise duty upon ado- he loses by the whole protecting system mestie manufacture when made bv im. considered in ihn nrPff,iP. Th;.

ported machinery,and exempt the very is which constitutes the indissoluble

Mr. McDUFFlE, from the Committee of fir - - I

tVays and Means to which the subject

had been referred made thejollowing

report: The committee of Ways and Means, in obedi e.ice to the order of the House, have had ua

uer cons.deraAion o much of the nns;ieof

tne president ot the United Slates as. relates to "relieving the people from the burthens of' unnecessary taxation, ' after the payment of the public debt, and now beg leave to submit the following report: In discharging the duty thus assigned to them, the committee have deemed it indespensable to determine the preliminary question what should be the annual expenditure of the government after the extinguishment of the public debt? Daring the three last years of Mr. Monroe's administration, the average annual expenditure for all objects.

exclusive ot the public debt, was less than ten millions of dollars. When ii is considered, therefore, that the annual amount of disbursements for revolutionary pensions is now very greatly reduced, and that the expenditure for this object, as well as for erecting fortifications and building ships will be progressively reduced, and must reach a very low point in the course of a few years, the committee ar of opinion that eleven millions of dollars will be abundantly sutiLient for all the necessary disbursements of the Government, when

relieved from the charge of the public

same sort of manufacture when made bond of that great confederacy of interby domestic machinery. Tne diffl-r- cms which has became almost too stronc

outj minion oi dollars. vo trie sums ""y vioiated,and the rule of uniform- producers ofj protected articles were mav be released from ftxistinw nMpMe itvas effort nnllir 1,1 : k li. i ..

D j..c .j .wiuu, ju iuu one r111 53einuieu in a common council, and appropriation, to meet the va- case as in the other. the n.,Ptinn ro ch;,

s, of a contingent nature,to In fact, the most moderate revenue all the protecting duties should be fifty

A .

ence would be mcrelv formal- nnJ for thn n..r0rnmonf i

Client 111 llin nr,i:.,.( I, I nPlnili.ln f . 111 I . . . .. -

ii. una cauuiaic, IUCV Wave 31- F"i".i;ig uj cilUalllV Vnil r hp n! !, ,,! IHH pH. li t ha miiniifootinm. ,1

Ml- r ..' o .. . . ! .J . ii uiv, uiiiuuitthiUiClS dUU U1C

which

of

nouademand XT' f "1 1 1 1 Ilia mi

Vi rpu - r J J ' ' ..A.,uncu uKujuiiic- icivc anu a nan per ceni.T it is not oie. ine income from the nublin tures, while similar rv r i I t f HO ah K f rvI fl .

iri4 ..,! t, j:..: j j t l t. . r u, u.iumiu - u uuumcu iuai me uuiUllOlOU3 V01C6

auu IB u.viueuus oi DanK siocK, m-iiuiacmre are entirely exempted, is of the assembly would be in favor of the to say nothing of canal stock, cannot a discriminating tax imnn ih hiirhnr , -r ru . .

De reasonably estimated at a less sum tions of the exDortin Statp n-h.infL. Ui.M. mn,i,. i ,i ' .

then C j li m O v" " l41t- 'J "-iui'aaiCS lUdl IUU IJrOieClCd man two millions of dollars. Ttiere very same oroduni nna nf h m..i..r.- m!.n..fM - ., , .

,; .1 c . ' " muiiuiai- ui'iuiun;iti n 9 rill 1'IJIUU ClaSS. Dear tV 1 1 1 IMPrP rtro- rom n til :i I lnrin Ci..i l lit I . ' '

. ,0. Prov,l,ed br d.u" n im- ent kind, pays no tax at all. If (hese the protecting dulie. and. consen,,,.,,.

li . . ' . ' . I

--Mfftr-,.JlL.- I J

or I Kn . ,T a r endeaV- 06 2 u".rI' erroeou?. P- P. . -re entirely exempted from all par

i ... .w , .b. ujc puuuipie or equal icipauon in one half of the fede nteJr;hum'"ia-m,!nner,mt1S,tCOnsUl" taXatln W0U'd ,efl"ire ll,at Potted taxe., while it is not pretended tl

eral

that

'Pilllal inatir- Irk !! i I ma n n fa l.:u I i

1 " 1-VV. Uii UUI litl- I "IU(.IUIC.. Willi II I'firnO in rnr.r-n 1 H I'. inor mirr. IK i. . I

tional interests." tition ith .imlh., AI L '"Zl - 3 " L ",e,r. u?' P'0'

I np nmniint n f rrnirr. tA..UJ 1 1. i ii i .... , t . . J ",vu ' wtl !

u...VUUb W luiciKiimcitllillUlse, &MUUIU DO admitted n Hntv Veil rnm nrt rU f. -

. . ... . ;n . i.M.ii.iiu.iuitu ill

vv,buv.u me i iiuui idt u ii mi v vparc nra nt i prn nnni nnH .. i ii. . .

iqtk r . - i V ' u tJ ,liai domestic protected interests,

k7 n -cuuuuuij 01 uiauuiuiuic. nrc toe productions of trie aggregate,. oJarue, as 7 rfl r nnk it. A nnrlhAnl.iLAK.l . .1 . 1.1 O'

" ! uutitiicui me ""unciu iiiuur. U C 1 ;i nni nnih mom. .-. r-,i. ii

rv r -k m -i a I

T J-,? ton5"mP"on u.7g me pr oesubject to no higher duty th.n si.n- the United Slates. Indeed it would last VP.nr. tvnc naar n n.rl.l., -.:n: rl il. . .1 j- . . I fc uutu

,w., mui.w tiiiuiv ujuiiuiis fj i i'i uumas c m,tn ;ir nrcc i-r.,.i not h ,. . ... ..

i"ALd 'W. .b;!.??a ' T "0fa,0.re are !hQ Pactions o, tecting (enT afford. . bounl ' I

considered in

to indemnily

r r .T, i k

,Ul c " I -w.w uniu luuLiJiUliy I lit III hort of an equal exemption cf both for all the taxes they pay to the Govfrom taxation, or the imposition nfrnn-,1 ernmpnt. If in m.. a..i.:.i

..w uu uuu, tan secure to these modern improvements, political nhiloiwo great rival branches of domrstir in. S0f)h V shnnlit mul.-p 1 w Kl.. i j:

P m-,'rL. r r, d e1ur' competition in very of an art by which government ine market. 1 he vert lowest rto tou t h. rri.i

i . . --------...vt v.. H.V..I uii wiiuuui iijoiiew duty imposed upon one of them, while -nd the system of federal taxation wtie me oilier is w.htlly exersnt. is an nn nf to cease pnfi,,.P if k .,tii,i i-

partiality and injustice on the part of moment, that the whole of the nrotec"?llrl"hid.deSlro3 the ( Masses would regard if, in a pecu-

subdivisions of this Uuion. In this duty as he would be by the other espect, the subject rises into the most without any iclerence whatever to his solemn and eventful importance, and ow n consumption. Let ii be supposed gives rise to a range ol inquiry, much that two planteis should .end each a higher than any investigation of mere hundred bales of cotton to Europe abstract questions of political economy, exchange them for manufacture., and

In a country of small t xtent, and with bring these into the Uuited biaiesj a homogeneous population su6h as exclusively for oe, and that one ol ihem England no commercial restrictions should py an txport duiy of forty per can long produce great inequality or cent, ou the value of his cotion, as it injustice. The people have a certain went out, and the other, au in port dutyresource agaiust this sort of oppression, of forty per cent, upon the value of his in the facility of abandoning one pur- manufactures, as they came in: It B suit and taking up another, when gov- perfectly obvious, that each of ihem ernment restrictions render the one le ss J would obtain the same quantity ot profitable, and the olher mote go. manufactures for his coliou in Europej This easy transfer of capital and indus- the same price for thtse iLanulactuie& try from one employment to another, in the United Stales; and, at the matusoon reduces the profits of the favored rity cfiheir bonds at the custom house pursuit to the common level, and re- each of them would have to pay the stores the profits of the pursuit which same amount of duty to ihe Guveruhad been n jured by ihe restriction, to ment. Each would, therefore, realize a fair average. The whole result of a the very same price for his hundred restrictive estem, in such a country, is bales of cotton, ai d consequently, the to diminish the aggregate wealth of ihe one who paid ihe duty upon his txport,

community, by changing the mode ol would sustain no heavier burthen thau producing certain articles, and increas- ihe other. What is true ol Ihe coming the cost of their production. Jim paralive tfitct of import and export

no class is permanently oppressed by duties upon the producers of one bun-

any peculiar burthen, a3 all have the dred bales of cottor, is equally true to option of participating in the gains of the efl'tc't of these duties on the produthe favored pursuit. Widely dilferent. cers on one million ol bales.

however, is the effect of commercial IVhPthpr thn d.,u- hn lid nnnil,n

n!!:!!S "I'01 aVllC port or the import, it is equally laid,

w. . cuu,.l,v..i,,o8tuoinveni)-.iour iu both cases, upon the production of polu.cal communities many ot them of tDe p!anler. ' There caia.ot Le a more higuIshed by a diversity cf soil, cli- u,ar notion that imported manulacThl X Pu"ullierela turts, which have been puichasedbv than that which distinguishes England the Bgriculura staHt6 0lhis countr, tiom trance. But even in the lj it ri t , 1 r,,, Q,t, :r V . are foreign productions. I hey are aa

-Xrfprf r l.tl "uon wnicti slrictlv aild exclusively the productions onh lr!lGrr7 , ?rS,ng,ti S,a,e of domestic induslryas il they were rnft!.'!1!.?;11 Cd lbe manufactured in the United States.

oiuics aiiKe, liowevei unwise it might be, eould not long operate unjustly upon any particular branch of industry. Unfortunately, however, the

existing restiictions, which are known

Looking theiefore, at the planting and manulacluiiiig Stales, with the t)e of an enlightened philosophy, these two great divisions of the Union must be

quantify of merchandise imported, the committee would deem it not extravagant to assume the operations of the last year as the basis of their calculation for future years. To avoid, however, the hazard of adefkit in the public revenue, they have estimated the annual amount of the imports paying duties at only sev-enty-two millions of dollars & on this ba-

sia have reported a bill imposing a duty of 12 1.-S2 per cent, ad valorem, upon all fbreign merchandise, with the excep. tion of such articles as are now admitted duty free,oratduty of less than 12

i-2percent. lhey have provided, however for a gradual reduction of the duties on such imports as come in competition with domestic manufactures. In adopting a general system of ad valorern duties, the committee have been governed principally by two considerations. In the first place, a specific duty is obnoxious to the strong objection that it levies the same tax on articlrs nf

...

interior quality, consumed by the poor

. v..cu., a3 u levies on similar nrti

-i -.-.!:.. l ...

jwnmj or tne competition. mary point of view, a ih hl

Entertaining ihese opinion?, thn rnm. M:,mil that could beal thorn? Wm.M

mittee feel that they owe it to the House il 001 sPread a much wider scene of

io explain the reasons which have in. desolation over the whole manufacturduced them to lay as high rate of rl... ,nS region of the Union, than th mnSt

ty on those imports which come in com- Sloom.v imagination can anticipate from 9 O f I I I an. L t I I'll ... i

I'ciiuou wiiu untaxed domestic maim. 1,18 01,1 reported by the committee? lactures, as upon any other description et such is the strange infatuation

- ,lJnc U)e manufactur- F'cvnn. on UJ,3 gunject, and such ing interest demands that protecting the mabc power ascribed to a particu dunes should be imposed three or four ,ar tolm oi taxation, that many who I 1 rv n-nlil--. . . J

7"U8U,6I,US y be necessary for a,u Frompt to discover that ore porthe constitutional purposes of revenue, tionf the Union would be greatly i inr-

w . oviousiy demands that cu UJ "e repeal ol the laxes, do not

,,uuu7 dl rtiibuouia be imposed upon l,e,mve inal "Mother portion cf the

- i uiit iiv.ii iiiir-it-'i iitor .s .. ii i i ii ii iwr n i ci -

cles o theverv hnsi mal, . Vl ,aL 18 wqany im- "wu.u, a. , necessary conse-

est price, co,ared almost ex-lu J IITJJ. i,npo, V, be as greatly bt,u fitted by tba,

by the more wealthy classes. Whi.' "" " ,an 1 01 "?.' P- 'J'"" "lc,e. D(i '"orc .ror

thennnr mn . " ' V '"-'P" 'nci and equal mst ce 'nsmnce ol the power of eelf-ii.

m f m i i a k t i r kfitiuii iif 11 -v a -k i . i a j m ... L

7 " vMIJ,,;iU t ijij iijii- win n n or An-rt . ; 1 f ti.rnM -i-.i.j i

- n-r w v j i III- - ft ci 4 fu i -. & a t.7 t i i i r i i i - i . i i ii -v- - i .! t

v..,uu iUlJ iiuijiau uiiuersianoing & deaden.the sense of justice in the human heart, than that which will be doubtless exhibited, of ihe entire class of manufacturers, clamoring against a

;3iruj or taxation, not because the taxes are too high, but because they are cot high enough ! The complaint, upon the very face of if, admits that there is some radical vice in the svstem ol protecting duties. For what right, human or divine, can any class of the community have, to invoke the power of the Government to prcn ote the prosperity of that class, by imposing bur' ihens upon another?

Ui just and unequal in its operation, as a system of protecting duties must be in all countries, and under all governments, it is only in a country of such

great t xtent, and such diversity of corilieting interests as the United Stales, that ii becomes abscluieiy ruir us to entire communities. All other ctjections to it dwindle into ah.,,.otc in.ifji-i-ficai cp, when c wihr t i c

-V , ,1 .. .. j. .1 . :.i

hv ihP rt.;.; ' .i , .cfccucu eta ut-voueg incir capnai anu

svs.Vrn V, pioiecung jabur l0 lfce picducllon ot ,he very same ?. eat ?i UiJUn0US T'H lG ftic!e very same niket. f bi thr Vfu!l?V7T' Wh,tl? tmi The cu,her States manufacture by r the capital and the ngency of ploughs, and hoes, and lauur or a region ot country more ex- . ... .1. . b.i ' c '

tfnsivf. ii...., ,1. 1 1 nuictf) nut iiie ijuiiticin Dimes mami f , ?; ,!.' : ' .B:P."?. " fecmre bv .he agency of machinery:

one,;,u be 1 II ,n 3, nnd ",ev me nlo for the maikei k-Tdii m. 1 , , grtal nd f United States, fnually entitled reading pur. nits of ano her lefiicn. not in, J le.s extensive. The copitat'of 'tbe ' ' T T'

v-i-ij I'liuujMt; ui v-uus iiiuuunai noer-

es of eternal jusupon the face of

the earth can Lave any right thia

Government certainly has co constitutional right to interpose its power for tho purpose of diivirg one of these great cc mpetilois cut of the market, in older thai it may be exclusively enjoyed by the other. Neither can it rightfully impose the slightest burthen upon the one, not couallv imnosed on thr.

1 v

hange the stale .-.A .ri .

ong proba.ion ofdiiasHous rnn.ur, ! ' ' "'a

exntnmenis would be thn onlvn,,.,,,. v.", ' " - i""e..u.. g rarue?.

- - v-.i'Ar.ti. ji r 1 - . w

ofaequirinoanv ihinp liW tho a-iii . o. . . V' . J4U me ingress cf the Uni

southern State,, toe, is ol.eudy invested , S'T . in a deicription of p.operlv, which 'he pr.ncp nd.pted only , e U o, these " -

productions, which it is the tendenc) and the design of the re. tiictiye system to exclude f rem their natural market. Even if the planters were willing 10 abandon their accustomed and hereditary pursuits, and embark in the business, of manufacture, their entile capi. tal would be deprived of more than hall

its value, by the very act of tiansfe! ring ",h..r uith ' 1 it. When to this we add the censide- "I Vl 10 cl ation,thatalong probation of disastrous 'L! h?:.Ce U,on' .a

-. w .a 11 m 1 ' 1 b 1 i - - 111 iiiilii rr

LctAd.y 10 a successiut eolrf etilion will. arr. ,.-,:,. ' V V their northern rivals, Ihe reason will be Z dfP''ve rrttext of pro.ectmf; obv.ous why ,.le K '.bern S.a"cT".c "n')! '.' done all that not evaded, and why they cannot ,PT" f d,scrl"""a"'1g con evade, tbe burlhcs inL.eupon Ihe t.l 6 branch of do-

;;;r ,f " P-ceived, when It

to pay 50 or .00 , : .? . 'a"a 3 lar8e njrity of both

ue. the wealth. iIn " " ."-:" ' "uuse ol congress are u. favor of lhat

50 per cent, op the wl.e of L k 'n,er6Et Wh,C" Puts forwafd he most priced wines "which gatifiy his , fe traVagant I a contest lor luxurious induleoL Vi' !"! b:e'.W.een P.0"'". on lhe We. and

remaik is applicable to tea, coffee, sugar, aud indeed to almost every article at present subject to a specific duty. 'I1 tin ri U n w. 1 C r J

wiuct jjiuuuu oi prererence for ad

valorem over specific duties, is the per ll!lflrtn In ikn nriA C . I

w.vi..wi. 1,. ,,, c , IT p p:

of the sama denomination and quality. A fall in the price of an article will in-

right on the other; and although the very extreme demand of the minority is for nothing more than justice, yet it is obvious that no compromise can be made unless the minority will acquiesce in an arrangement which cives the ma

jority more than justice. What the

minority concedes, is a portion of its nn.

le wn in- a..uia .k. u . . :

crciase the rate of 'axation. contrary tJ 5 .wua .,De jorjly con-

the intention of the legislature. Th.:"Q0?CSW? ,lca called, is

is thus a silent luLuinn m " " 'Z u ,oruon 01 ,ls u,)wful gains.

of events and the revolutions of trade by fougn sucn are the terms upon wljich we have seen tliP Pn,rimon(a It wn,cb ,he committee have adjusted thn

iy . "- ia vi J.-,:. r .1 .

congress so entirely changed, that n dn. uul t5""ierms OI l"e utmost liberality

Ipd nr. t ,i i i I to the protected branch

it is I

originally imposed. lacturers will be more opposed, than

It remains for the commiffpp (n ci aMV 0,ner c,as? to the bill reoorted.

the reasons which have induced ihpm 1 hat the' wil1 have 110 around

to navi e that tho same rate nl f to compfaio ol rf, i.s mo.? cnrraiif. Even

a t . - ' VJI LJL 1 .

be h vied on ail itnoortf-,1 mproh UIHjK r 'be provisions of this hiil. (In

protected branches of industry

cent, which was only 2j per cent when IS to be aPPrehe'ed that the manu- .!.:.. . c ' rnr'tnrnro mill kn . .

4 WT 1. - , 111 7

IV lids -WI'MPIl 1 1 l t 1. I l

j lu yjllxz uunareu ner

' X UTe I: 1 l(f l ft il 1 ?, .-.

imroseu ur

productions of their ir.dusliy, bj at andining their present pursues, and embaikmg in the favored branches of industry. Nolhirg can be mure extravagant than to suppose that the people of

an immerse txtent of country en bracing eight sovereign stales, can transfer a thousand millions of capital fiom agriculture to manufacture s, with the ftame facility that a batterer a .hoi maker can avoid a tax upon hats or shoes, by tfikirg up seme other trae'e. As the restrictions imposed upon the ! production of southern industry, are I

Uk cted by the agency cf indirect taxes.

the burthens imposed upon the planlii g States, by the proteelirg sjsltm, aie net very inaccurately measured by the amount c f the tr xes leitd upon their productions. And when the ineejualitv

of the Government disbursements are

added to the inequality of the contribu

ticns exacted by import duties, it rra

be confidently affirmed that the bur

thens imposed upon the planting States,

oy me taxation, prohibition and dis

bursements of the Federal Gcverrimenf,

are more than equal to the amount of

taxes levied upon these imports, which are obtained in exchange for the three great agricultural staples of cotton,

uuuiLoana rice, ifala duty upon nn import is eqnivaltnt to the srime fimc unt of duty upc-n tl e expert vU.ieb has been eschar ged for if, i but a st 11

i'ltl , fii i v. !(. (i littl 5

mesne industry if southern industry

n.-ay oe eaiieef dcrr.estic at d Luild up a rival branch upon its ruins. It has laid disciiminating duties, averagii g not less than 40 per cent., upon the imported productions of the planting State-, while it has entirely exempted frcm U xatien, the rival produc tions of the manufacturing Slates, consislirg of the iery same description of articles. The amount of these southern productions, upon which this discriminating tax is annually levied, is not less than thirt-fhe millions of dollars, upm hieh the tax levied, cccsequently, jmcunts to fourteen millions cf dollars.

Jfiai this is specifically a tax upon the production of the south, diminishij. their yalue to the producers; very nearly an equal amount, conclusively results frcm the admitted fact, that these thirty-five millions of manufactu

res produced by(the capital 8, j Bccr of the southern States, after paying at the custom-bouse, faxes to lhe mount cf fourteen millions of dollar?, cannot be sold for any higher pricr,or larger fum, than lhe very same quantify, and kind, and quality of manufactures, produred by the capital and labor of the northern States, payirg no taxes at fill. Jt "lP therefore, too plain fo be argued, that the annual fudi which the planter Slates receive for the productions of their eapiia) and labor, is frurte pn

Hens of dollars less, than ti p sum rr-

f ie e! hy o rr ;u ufnt linii g S?a?es fop

except i jus. ol otast'S. rrti i in ir i':., . - ' . . ifinrill. j . ( pli.r'tri .it verj vi:cie epiartiiy and te5rriptioQ i o b' ' i,f pi'H .ui j ii as li ji'iivit u. v t u u , e i V. I

with

cerimn spenU :d " -iw- t .111 .1 i . . ' J

wouU be the decided faonles of the

:iMt