Indiana Palladium, Volume 6, Number 16, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 24 April 1830 — Page 1

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DEVOTED TO AEWS, POLITICS, IJVDUSTRY, MORALITY, LITERATURE, AXD AJUUSEMEXT. Volume VI. LAWRENCEBURGH, (INDIANA;) SATURDAY, APRIL 24, 1830. Number 16.

BY AUTHORITY. IiAWS OP THE UNITED STATES, PASSED AT THE FIRST SESSION OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. Public No. 16. ATM APT. for tke further regulation of resgels bound up James River, in the State of Virginia . Be it enacted bu the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of Jimerica in congress usscmuicu, xwa., from and after the passage of this act, it shall not be necessary for any vessel bound up James River, in the State of Virginia, to stop in Hampton Roads, to deposite a manifest with the Collector at Norfolk. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted. That it shall be the duty of the master of the revenue cutter on that station, under the orders of the Secretary of the Treasury, to board all such vessels, to endorse their manifest, and to place an officer on board each vessel bound up James River having a cargo from a foreign port. Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That whenever there shall be no re venue cutter on that station for the purpose of boarding vessels, or when the state of the weather may be such as to render it impracticable to send an officer on board any vessel, bound sp James River, having a cargo from a foreign port, the Captain is hereby authorized and directed to deposite, with the Surveyor at Hampton, a copy of the mani festof the cargo on board such vessel. Andrew Stevenson, Speaker of the House of Representatives. John C. Calhoun, Vice-President of the United States and President of the Senate. Approved, March 23, 1S30. ANDREW JACKSON. Public No. 17. AN ACT, to continue in force 4An act aatboriziog certain Soldiers in the late war to surrender the bounty lands drawn by tbem, and to locate others in lieu thereof, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of Jimerica in congress assembled, That the act of the twenty second of May, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-six, entitled "An act authorizing certain soldiers in the late war to surrender tho "bounty lands drawn by them, and to locate others in lieu thereof," be, and the same is hereby, continued in force for the term of five years. And the provisions of the above recited act shall be, and are hereby, extended to those having like claims in the States of Illinois and Missouri. Approved, March 23, 1830. Public No. 18. AN ACT, making appropriations to carry into effect certain Indian Treaties. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of ihe United States of America in Congress assembled, That the following sums be and the same arc hereby, appropriated to be paid out of any unappropriated money in the Treasury, viz: For payment, for the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty, of the ..permanent annuity provided for by the second article of the treaty concluded at Prairie du Chien, the twenty-ninth July, one thousand eight hundred and twentynine, with the Chippewa, Ottawa, and Pottawattamie Indians, sixteen thousand dollars. For the purchase of goods, stipulated by the said article, to be delivered to the said Indians, twelve thousand dollars. For the purchase of fifty barrels of salt, tor one thousand eight hundred and thirty, stipulated by the said article, one hundred and twenty-fiv'e dollars. For transportation of the said annuity and salt, and expenses of provisions at the delivery of the same, one thousand dollars. For the payment of claims provided for by the fifth article of the snid treaty, eleven thousand six hundred and one dollars. For the expense of surveying the

boundniiesof the cession made by the said treaty, two thousand dollars. For ihe payment for the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty, of the limited annuity provided by the second article of the treaty made at Prarie du Chien, the second August, one thousand eight hundred and twentynite, with the Winnebago Indians, eighteen thousad dollars. For purchasing goods to be delivered at the treaty, as stipulated by the said second article, thirty thousand dollars. For purchasing three thousand

pounds of tobacco, per same article, for one thousand eight hundred and thirty, three hundred dollars. For transportation of the same, sixty dollars. For purchasing fifty barrels of salt per said second article, one hundred and twenty-five dollars. For transportation of the same, one dundred dollars. For support of three blacksmith's shop?, including pay of smiths and as sistants, also tools, iron, steel, Szc. for the year one thousand and eight hun dred and thirty as per third article of said treaty, three thousand dollars. For the purchase of two yoke of ox en and a cart, and for the services of a man fit the portage of the Wisconsin and Fox rivers, for one thousand eight hundred and thirty as per same article, five hundred and thirty-five dollars. For the payment of Sundry claims against the Winnebagoes, as provided for by the fourth article of said treaty, twenty-three thousand live hundred and thirty-two dollars. For expense of surveying the boundaries of the territory ceded by said treaty, one thousand seven hundred and forty dollars. Approved, March 25, 1 830. MARTIjY VAX RUREJW Tbe Editor of the Williamstown (Mass.) Advocate has, for several weeks past been amusing his readers with an interesting account of a 'tour' which he has recently made through some of the beautiful towns and villages which are scattered along the banks of the Hudson. One of the villages through which he passed, it appears, is the native place of Mr. Van Buren, Secretary of State. The Editor who is poliically opposed to M. . Van Buren, thus notices him, in connection with his birth place. "One of these villages deserves par ticalar mention. It is Kinderhook, situated on the east of the river, 18 or 20 miles below Albany, and containing about 13,000 inhabitants. It is celebrated as the birth place of Mr. Van Buren, the second oflicer in the present National Administration. His parents were extremely poor so much so that when a thirst after knowledge prompted him to employ his long winter evenings in reading books loaned to him by friends they could not afford to furnish him with oil or CandUs, and he was obliged to search the forest for pine knots which he split up and used for that purpose. Alter acquiring enough of the rudiments of science to appreciate its value, and being prevented by pecuniary circumstances from obtaining a public education, he commenced the study of the law in his native village and was admitted to the bar at the age of 22. He subsequenily practised at S tudy Hill and at Albany, and has rapidly ihen through the various grades of civil office to the distinguished situation he now occupies. He is emphatically what has been said of Franklin, Rittenhoase, and Roger S'lerman a self made man. Loud complaints have been made by his opponents, that he has ruled the State, and oppressed the people; but if they had spent half the time in endeavoring to elevate trims' Ives, that they have in fruitless trying to undermine his standing, they and no doubt the public would have been better off. The only fault to be found with Mr. Van Buren is, that his habits of intense thought and untiring industry have raised him above his fellows who trusted to the advantages conferred upon them by high birth and princely wealth. It has been said that 'whatever has been done by man can again be done by any man. Whether this is a true maxim or not we shall not attempt to decide; but we do say, that industry lies at the very foundation of all true greatness, and no man can rise above his ordinary level without exerting it. All our young men cannot occupy the chair of the Secretary of State, but all who are industrious and aim high will most certainly reach a most enviable eminence,"

DEBATE IN THE U. S. SENATE. Extract from a speech of Mr, BEKTOJV

27i reply to Jur. coster. Internal Improvement was the last resort of the Senators ingenuity, for showing the affection of the Northeast to the west. It was on this point that his appeal to the West, and calls for an answer, wero particularly addressed. The West will answer; and, in the first place, will show the amount, in value, in money, of the favors thus rendered, in order to ascertain the quantity of gratitude due and demandable for it. On this point we have authentic data to go upon. A resolution of the Senate, of which I was myself the mover, ad dressed to the ex-administration in the last year of its existence, called upon the then President to exhibit to the Congress a full statement of all the money expended by the Federal Government, from 1789 to 1828, in each of the States, upon works of Internal Improvement. The report was made, authenticated by the signatures of the President, Mr. Adams, the Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. Rush, and several heads of hureaus. It is No. 09, of the Senate Documents, for the session of 1828 1829, and at page 13 of the Document, the table of recapitulation is found, which shows the amount expended in each State. Let us read some items from it. the talle. 1. Kentucky . . 20,000 4,200 nothing. 8.000 23,000 nothing, do. Tennessee Indiana . Illinois . . Mississippi . Missouri . . Louisiana . 3. 4 5. G. 7. A most beggarly account, Mr. President! About 125,000 in seven Western States, up to the end of that Administration, which assumed to be the exclusive champion of internal improvement. A small sum truly, for the young and blooming West to take, for the surrender of all her charms to the ancient and iron hearted enemy of her name. Ohio, it is not to be dissembled, has received something more; but that depends upon another principle, the principle of governing the YVest through her. But the Cumberland road ; that great road, the construction of which, as far as the Ohio river cost near two millions of dollars. Sir, the man must have a poor conception of the West, who considers the road to Wheeling as a Western object, to be charged upon the funds and the gratitude of the West. To the Eastern parts of Ohio it may be serviceable, but to all beyond that State, it is little known except by name. A thousand Eastern people travel it, for one farmer or mechanic of Indiana, Illinois, Mississippi, Kentucky, or Tennessee. It is, in reality, more an Eastern than a Western measure, built in good part with Western money, taken from the Western States, as I humbly apprehend, in violation of the compacts with the Federal Government. These compacts stipulate that two per cent, of the nett proceeds of the sales of the public lands, shall be laid out by Congress in making roads, or canals "V the States, not towards them. The laws for building the Cumberland road have seized upon all this fund, already amounting in the four Northwestern States to 326,000, and applied it all to the Cumberland. The same laws contain a curious stipulation, not to be fonnd in any other law for making a road, which stipulates for the future reimbursement, out of the two per Cent, fund, of all the money expended upon it. This truly is a new way of conferring a favor, and establishing a debt of gratitude! But when did the New England votes in favor of this road and other Western objects commence? How do they compare before, and since the Presidential election of 1825? Let the Journals telJ. Letconfrontingcolumnsdisplay the contrast of New England votes, upon this point, before and after that election. the contrast. Before '25. Since '25. 1. April 8th, 1819. To postpone a bill to construct rosds and caiulayea9,7out 10. 2. March 6th 1816 Bill to relieve settlers on public lands by al. lowing them to enter the lands, &c nays, 3 out of 10. 3. Jan T9th, 1817. Bill to admit M ississippi as a State into the Union- nay s, 7 cut of 10, 1. Feb. 24th, 1825 Motion to postpone appropriation for Cum berland road yeas o out of 12. 2 March 1st, 18:6 Bill to repair Cumberland road nays, 2 out of 12. Jan. ?4th, 1827. Bill extending Cumberland road n8yjs, 5 out of 12.

4. March 28th, 1828. Hilt to gire land to Kenyon College, 3 out of 12. 5. December, 1828. Bill for making compensation for Indian depredations in Mis-ouri-yeas,4 out of 12. Yes, Mr. President, the presidential election of 1825 was followed by a system of changes. There seems to have been a surrender aud sacrifice of prin ciples on that occasion, somewhat anal ogous to the surrender, and murder of friends which followed the conjunction of Anthony, Lcpidus and Cesar. It would seem that some guardian genius had whispered, the "Tariff, Internal Improvement, and Slavery, are the questions to govern this Union: Now let us all agree, and throw up old scruples, and work together upon Slavery, Tariff, and Internal Improvement.1' They did,throw up! Old scruples flew oil like old garments. Leading politicians enme "to the right about:1' the rank and file folUwed; and the conse quence was the confronting votes and conduct which five years of explanations and iustificatioBs leave at the esact point at which they began. The canal across the Alleghenies is mentioned. I utterly disclaim and repudiate that canal as a Western object. And here, Mr. President, 1 take up a position which I shall fortify and establish on some future occasion. It is this: That every canal, and every road, tending to draw the commerce of the Western States across the Allegheny mountains, is an injury to the people of the West. My idea is 'this: That the great and bulky productions of the West will follow the course of the waters, and float down the rivers to New Orleans; that our export trade must, and will go there; that this city cannot buy all, aud 6ell nothing; that she must have the benefit of the import trade with us; that the people of the West must buy from her as well as she from them; that the syBtem of exchange and barter must take effect there; that if it does not, and the West continues to sell its woild of production to N-jw Orleans for ready money, and carries off that money to be laid out in the purchase of goods in Atlantic cities, the people of the West are themselves ruined; for New Orleans cannot stand such a course of busiuess; she will fail in supplying the world of money which the world of produce requires ; and the consequence will be the downfall ol prices in every article. This is somewhat the case now. New Orleans is called an uncertain market; her prices for beef, pork, flour, bacon, whiskey, tobacco, hemp, cotton, and an hundred othe? articles, are compared with the prices of like articles in the Atlantic cities, and found to be less, and then she is railed against as a bad market; as if these low prices was not the invitable effect of selling every thing and buying nothing there. As to the idea of sending the products of the West across the Alleghenies, it is the conception of insanity itself? No rail roads or Canals will ever carry them, not even if they do it gratis! One trans-shipment, and there would have to be several, would exceed the expense of transportation to New Orleans, to say nothing of the up-stream work of getting to the canal, or rail-way. Besides, such an unnatural reversal of the course of trade would be injurious to the Wfcstern cities-to Cincinnati, Louisville, St. Louis, and to many others. It would be injurious and fatal to our inland naviga tion the steamboats of the West. They are our ships; their tonnage is already great, say 300,000 tens; the building of tbem gives employment to many valuable trades, and creates a demand for many articles which the country produces. To say nothing of their obvious and incredible utility in the transportation of persons, produce, and merchandize; each steamboat has itself became a market, a moving market that comes to the door of every house on the rivers, taking off all its surplus fowls, and vegetables, all its surplus wood ; the expenditures for this single object, wood, in the past year, in two calculations made for me, ranged between nine hundred thousand, and one million of dollars. No, Sir, the West is not going to give up their steamboats, their ships, not of the desert, but of noble rivers. They are not agoing to abandon the Mississippi, marc nostrum, our sea, for the comfort of scaling the Allegheny mountains with hogsheads of tobacco, barrels of whiskey, pork, and flour, bales cf hemp, and

4. May 19th 1824. Uill to improve the na. vigution of the Ohio rivernays, 7 out of 12. 5. April 24th, 1824. Dill for surveys of roads, &c. nays 9 out of 12.

coops of chickens and turkeys on their backs! We are not going to impoverish New Orleans, by selling our produce to her, and buying our merchandize elsewhere, and in that impoverishment committing suicide upon ourselves. Nor am 1 going to pursue this subject, and explore it in all its important bearings at this time; I have that task to perform; but it will be reserved for another occasion. I resume the subject of internal im provement. I say, and I say it with proof in hand, that this whole business

has been a fraud upon the est. L.00U at its promise and performance. Its promise was to equalize the expenditure of public money, and to counterbalance upon roads and canals in the West, the enormous appropriations for fortiacations,navy yards,light-houses, & ships on the Atlantic board: its performance has been to increase inequality of the expenditures; to fix nearly the whole business of internal improvement on the east of the Allegheny mountains; to add this item, in fact, to all the other items of expenditure in the East! Such was the promise; such has been the performance. Facts attest it; aud let the facts speak for themselves. the facts. 1. Cumberland Road to Wheeling, $2,000,000 2. Delaware breakwater) (required) 3. Canal over the Allegheny, (subscribed) 4. Baltimore Rail Road, (demanded) 5. Delaware and Chesapeake Canal, G. Nantucket harbor, (demanded) 2,500,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 v 450,000 900,000 Here we go by the million, Mr . President, while the West, to whom all the benefits of this system were promised, obtains with difficulty, and somewhat as a begger would get a penny, a few miserable thousands. But, sir, it is not only in the great way, but in the small way, also, that the West has been made the dupe of this delusive policy. She has lost not only by the gross, but by retail. Look at the facts again. See what her partner in this work of internal improvements the Northeast which commenced business with her in 1825, has since received, in the small way, and upon items never heard of, under that the West this head of In ternal Improvement. the facts again: 1. Preservation of Little Gull Lland, 2. Preservation of Smutty AT - - 11 I J 30,000 iose lsianu, 3. Preservation of Plymouth beach, 4. Peservation of Islands in Boston harbor, 5. Improvement of the Hyannis harbor, G. Improvement ofSquamand Gloucester, 15,000 49,000 C3,00O 10,000 C,000 7. Preservation of Deer Island, 87,000 8. Removing a sand bar in Merrimac River, 32,000 9. Building pier at Sfonington, 20,000 10. Making a road from Mars' hill, 57,000 Near 400,000, Mr. President, actually paid out in this small way, a Fid upon these small items, in New England, while seven States in the West, uptothe last day of the Coalitionadministration, had had expended within their limits, for all objects, great and small Indian roads, and the light-house at Natchez included, but 125,000, And this, sir, is the New Ei,gland help for which the Senator from Massachusetts (Mr. W.) stood up here, challenging the gratitude of the Wrest! But this is not all; the future is still to come; a goodly prospect is ahead; and let 113 take a view of it. The late administration, in one of its communications to Congress, gave in a list of projects ee lected for future execution. 1 will lecite a few cf them. the projects : 1 Improvement at Saugatuck.

2. do. 3. do. 4. do. 5. do. G. do. 7. do. 8. do. 9. do. 10. do. U. do. 12. do. 13. do. 14. do. 15. do.

at Amounisuck, at Pasumsic. at Winnispisseogee, at Piscalaqua. at the Ticonic Falls. lit Lake Memphramaat Conneautcrk. gog. at Holmes' hole. at Lovrjoy's narrows. at Steele's ledge. at Cowhegan. at Androscoggin. at Cobiesconte. at Ponceaupechatix, alias Sottpy Jce.

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