Indiana Palladium, Volume 5, Number 50, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 19 December 1829 — Page 2

(ConU'nwd from the fovMh page. j with all the officers, to be called tiiC seLeSt 9om remarks in this address, on the dentary. Require them to meet once

sutiecf of tbe Canal, aod recommending on certtn terms, a sale of the canal lands, may bs understood to be offered to induce the acceptance of the Treaty, it is proper for roe to add, that tbey are intended, ooly to be considered, upon the happening of that contingency. II. with such provisions of doubtful policy, the treaty should be ratified, the question of ways and means, will then be fairly before you. Hut pressed as we are by necessity, far this important link in the chain of national improvement, which promises also to be ao useful a channel for the coronjerce of the eoontry, my own assent to postpone without certainty in the eud, for fifteen years, the long looked for benefits expected from it, would (veithout further effort to do better) be given with melancholy rclucance. Nor'could any of us, without poignant regret, see this vnluable prant. revert back to the United Stales. Rather than think seriously of such a result, your foresight, your prudence, your desire for the honor of the state, would prompt you to memorialize Congress again, to authorize the state to change the proposed canal into a Rail Way, or even a turnpike road on the canal loca tion. There could remain little doubt but that, in this way, the grant might be preserved. It is the immediate expense of a canal and the idea of competition that alarms Ohio. A single railway would cost only but a lijtle more than half of what is the estimate of a canal, as they might be constructed in Indiana with durable timber mostly. I haVe seen some estimates as low as 6200 per mile. Vyhatever may be the fate of the Wabash &l Erie canal, I take pleasure in assuring you, that no part of the failure, to enlist Ohio in it, within a less period than is stated, is ascribable to Major Sullivan, our commissioner, whose talents and X2al to obtain a better compact for the state have been conspicuously exerted on the occasion. Wabash and white river obstructions. . To enable the State to remove the obstructions in these valuable rivers, the friend- of the Wabash and Erie Canal, and of Sieam-boat navigation Qn the Wabash and White Rivers, would doubtless gratify a majority of the people in the state-of Indiana, by uniting in a me morial to congress, for a grant of the public lands adequate to the accomplish ment of the obiect. The removal of the falls in the Wabash and the improvement of the White Rivers by means of the public domain, may be sustained by the same reasoning, which led to the grant to open the canal. For the one is indispensib'e to the other. If the state go?s on with her canal, she must improve the rapids in the Wabash, or cut a canal aroand them for the passage of all kindsof boats. No doubt is entertaineM but that steam boats may traverse the White rivers if they are well improved, through hundreds of miles of our territory; and that the seat of government, will ere long be visited by these messengers of Je ulton s immortal genius. NEW MILITARY SYSTEM. Whatever is novel and is intended to supplant established usage3, however confirmed by prejudice or replete with hoary error, has, in a majority of ca3es, subjected the innovator to unenvied notoriety. As to the modifications which will be submitted under this head, it is not intended to claim any indulgence for their author for not being aware of the fate that awaits him; A conscientious conviction, that it is my duty, uninduced by any latent consideration, to advise such a partial revision of the Militia Laws of this State, as is Called for by the advanced progress of the principle of toleration, and by the intelligence and tacticks of the illustrious age we live in, will not, even by counting the chances of its success, permit me to be silent. Experience, which is the test of all human organic laws and regulations, offers her objections to the impoliicy and inutility of repeating so frequents lyand unsuccessfully, attempts upon attempts, to instruct the great mass of the people in the art of war. The chivalric reputation of our brave countrymen and the military Science have been lowered in this respect, by unremitting elforts to perform impossibilities. Our existing militia laws, commit violence upon the rights of conscience, as well as impose penalties on poverty, exacting equipments and services which many of the people arc not able to perform. Instead, of this, whilst aiming. at efficiency of organization, the noble purpose should betoudaptitto imperious circumstances, and to produce a? reconciliation to it, amontist all the people amoncrst all denominations and opinions. This must be done, if general submission and obedience to the laws, are to be expected. It should be a first concern with the .statesman, to lop off from the institutions of his country, every obnoxious feature, hi any degree tending to begrt the opposition of the citizen or that is regarded with indifference, or calculated to diminish his veneration and affection fr the policy of the land in which he lives. It is proposed, in times of peace, to comprise the militia into two classes, to be called the active and the sedentary. Let the Militia of the Slate remain euoiled and organized as they now arevj

vear at the lime ci me reiimeniai muster, without equipments, except of ficers, for the purpose of reporting their strength ; and to hold themselves in read iness for hostile emergencies, most .cf whom being infantry, require their -wn-cers to assemble and drill frequently. Extract from the present sedentary militia, by voluntary enlistment, about ten thousand men, which would be about every fourth or fifth man, in the State, to be ea'tted the voluntary militia. This corps is intended to be well disciplined and should b required to appear fre quently in service. From each regiment of about eight hundred men raise four companies of volunteers an artillery and cavalry of about fifty men each; and an infantry company of one hundn d men, and a rifle company of about the same Allow them to elect their own ollicers independent of the sedentary, and besides their company muster and attendance at the regimental parade, provide for exercises in the school of the battalion. Require that the public arms shall be exclusively distributed to the voluntary militia, to stimulate them to duty. If the required number should not volunteer in each regiment, resort to draft; if too many turn out, determine by lot who shall be taken, of those who can be relied upon. Let the voluntary corp3 report their strength as in other case?. Besides giving the United States arms to the voluntary corps, exempt ofliccrs and soldiers from worktng on roads, serving on juries ard from a pole-tax. On the other hand require the sedentary militia to work as mny days on die public highways in their proper districts, as the active militia are required to perform military service, in addition to what is now called for by law from each citizen. Those who are are conscientious against bearing arms will as a matter of course be ranked with the sedentary mi litia.and their strength maybe reported in the manner provided by the present law, without requiring them to appear in public, to report it. The above pre sents theskeleton ofSi plan, which, with ils appropriate details, would bring into existence a bulwark of defence against hostile incursion, combining the double advantages and safety of the "citizct? soldier'1 with the ''scientific disciplinarian." ' The warmest and bravest blood and flower of the state, w uld be splendidly displayed in the voluntary rank; which, added to their skill in tacticks, must constitute an intrepid phalanx of irre sistible soldiery. Our portion? of the two hundred thousand dollars, annually expended by the United States, for arming and equipping the militia, will, on this plan, at no veryr remote period, supply this part of the militia with arms, if they are carefully preserved; but to ever supply the whole, is as hopeless, as it would be a waste of treasure. Such a system aslhis, will also bring to pass, the pleasing consequence of netting at ease the conscience of that very exemplary, peacable, industrious and moral denomination of people in the state, called "Friends-" who are honestly opposed to war preparations. It is believed tlfat this is the only mode, by which, they can be constitutionally relieved ; and it is recommended, more for its own excellence, than to secure any special privilege at the public expense. Nor can this arrangement lose any of its attractions, in consequence of (he hundred thousand days labour it would authorize you to apply on the public roads, essential in an improved state, to the public good, in war or peace. Now, should you approve! ot these suggestions, it will then be wor thy of consideration, whether you will carry them into effect by a state law, or recommend them to the favourable notice of the general government, whose right it is to legislate on this subject, concurrently with the state. Independent battalans are called for as a necessary and just accommodation to the people of new counties and detached settlements. AGRICULTURE, MECHANICS AND ARTS. The farmer's interest should be made a matter of special inquiry . He who gives support to every other occupation and profession, commercial or mechanicalhe, whose drudgery in its culture, provides the materials which shield our infirm bodies from the inclemencies of the seasons he, who nourishes the soldier, while he perils in the battles of hi country he, whose incorruptible fidelity?, in limes of severest trial, is proof against the most seductive temptations, deserves iallUe VOUr COOntenanpp anrl .fhiont aid. Besides exempting from ta,x, nds cultivated in hemp, tobacco, and other neglected productions of profit, an adequate appropriation for premiums, to be distributed as prizes, for the best specimens of whateveryou consider most useful in any of the arts, sciences, and professions, will be found in experiment, most encouraging to our various branches of industry, and plimulating to the slumbering capability of every department of genius or labor, if the encouragement here contemplated, should make any considerable impression upon the common chest, the defirit mnv hP replenished by the imposition of a duty

of tax upon all spiritoua liquor?, which may be found in the state for consumption. By this plan of creating a fund, the two fold object will be accomplished, of encouraging the cause of temperance, in

the use ol ardent spirits, and exciting a commendable spirit of emulation, and a zealous competition in laudable and use ful pursuits, among the sons and daughters of Indiana. If, in connection -with this object, the manufacture of the article, whiskey, for export, could be encouraged, and ils excessive consumption at home, discountenanced by some satisfactory mode,of restriction, the wealth of the country would be increased, and the moral condition of our society greatly improved & meliorated. A small ameunt, also, exacted from professional gentlemen, whose occupations are more useful to themselves than to the public, ns a bounty fund, would tend not a little to induce, into field of enterprize, many a fair female competitor for skilful and industrious fume, in the manufacture of good, substantial fabrics for clothing. Much has been effected in other

i ii i manry, the artists, and mechanic ol the country, to an equality with the first rank of honourable professions their most unquestionable light,---and some thing may be done by you, to m sure to merit Acre, whether at the plough or in the work shop, at the needle, spin dle, or the lo unfits owivhigh reward colonization. i he colonization ef free blanks, dispersed through our coun try, in the native laud of their fathers, is passing the ordeal of philanthropic reflection, and gradually rising to-public view, under ihe patronage of the Ann ricau Colonization Society. No period in ihe annals ol our history, would be hailed with more universal acclamation, than that one, which shall accomplish the re turn ot these long degraded and uuhap -

states, ny commenaaoie ana generous, iv- terms However ciiuuiu oe uemauut a ; it, idjjk im.nuu'i;s ui ruumiHiuu "uti a efforts, and by means ofgricultural and which could not in the nature ot thing.-, resignation en the part of the miuority V other societies, striving to raise the yeo-jbe complied with. For to those ol them'to the mighty work, wrought by the?

py members of the human family, to thelperpetrati -i of murd-is arid other

country in vhi h, theii God had placed them; from which tiny have been oppressively torn bythe hand of tyranny , to gratify the most sacrilegious cupidity. We long to celebrate the jubilee of freedom of general and unconditional emancipation, of every soul held in bondage, because his skin is dark. We look forward, with fervent hope,- to this impor tant era, when weMia-U sere them wending their way across the Atlantic, bearing with them the religion cf -the cross, and Ihe eternal principles of liberty and equality, to a country where they may oi guuize n government of their choice, take their sable stand among the na tions of the earth. But this is not the work of a day. And if, in attempting to identify the colonization andcmaficipjition of our coloured population with the politics of the country as a popular hobby, before the public mind and resources are prepared to yield to the iocd worjrflTeir effectual sanction, we shall touch the sensitive chord with too bold a hand, so as to endanger our magna char la, the great cause in hand, and the union, and thus etfect the overthrow of our ov.n liberties, the premature zeal ajf eied on the sub ject must be long a fruitful source of perpetual lamentation, it there lycre no latent intention in the endvot levy ing a tax upon the free states, for the pur chase of slaves, or in soma other wnvJ forcing a manurn:sion-i'H reby strengthening the inducement and obstinacy of their holders lo continue their bondage, until remuneration or compunction cf conscience might reach them, t'.ey would have excited less jeal ousy. Ifinsteid of this, the talent ot the country were fairly enlisted to convince the people of the slave states, of what their own experience will ultimately show , that free labor is more profitable than slave labour, so as to produce a voluntary abandonment of the unnatural and unchristian practice, without' loi king to the treasury cf the nation, and the consequent introduction before Congress, of a question more dangerous to the constitution than any enemy we have ever yet encountered, tending to incite the blacks to the perpetration of the most horrid insurrections and murders, means ould have, ure thi?, flowed into the coffers of the society in greyer prolusion. With such modifications, cfistrust would give place to general suppoi t ; and the; in xt generation might he saved th mortifying spectacle, of beholding the! manacled African writhing in his fetters, in the temple of human freedom. I lay

before y ou, at the request of the Gov-syou,

ernors of Missouri, Georgia, and South Carolina, resolutions of those states, denying the right of the general govern-' ment, by the constitution, to appropriate money for the use of the society. COLOURED TEOPLE IN INDIANA, Duty to the state of Indiana, requires

me to remaru',tnat the scourge ol the op-jiaie in ine prosecution ot our canal, pressed is not confined as it should bejthe execution of the policy must produce exclusively to the land of the oppressor,; he most pleasing results. There is no-

out mat this slate, in common with her

uuiei neesisiers, is inn exempt irom me"1 ,,insu' v.ungitKj iu iucuiu imsexer-

iashof our cry ing national sin. A non productive and in many instances a su-per-annuated population, pouring in up-j

on u,, pos-essing an me ainrrnative badlso loot? a vacation as that w hich elapses

qualities of the uneducated immobilized! bondman., without afTerdij any of hi-:

advantage?, living without visible means, or labor most of whom are paupers on society. This being the const quu.ee of expulsion laws of other states, less humane than ours, renders corresponding measures on our part necessary and inevitable. Whilst our laws and institu

tions proclaim the state an asy lum for the good, virtuous and useful of all nations and colours, it is due to ourselves and to the rights of posterity, that we should not tamely submit to any imposition, which is the direct effect of foreign le gislation. Though it might savour some what of injustice to interfere with

any that are already here, it will still : providing for the trial of contested elecbe"co:ne your province as it is y our right, Itions, and for certifvirg their decision to to regulate for the future, by prompt Ithe t xnutive. The duties of the county correctives, the emigration into the stale jefheers and of the cleikin particular, iir find the continuance of kno:vn pavptrs'such cases, should be . more caiefaily thrown upon us from any ouai tcr. .'pointed out.

Such if they cannot aff :rd, by sureties, indemnity to our citizens in a reasonable tirne, should be thrown hack into the

state or country from whence they camc.icitizen Jfy retired In n) the Presidential To effect this it may be proper to require jehair, ami another has occupied it. The them on entering the state, to file a pro-jmost sincere regret can only be fell,

clamation of particulars with evidence, I fci . i . i. . i i l i j i

who will till up ihe measure ol dunes of'j people tin urselves. A respectful regard good ciiz ns, the hand of fellowship for the will and opinions of the majority should be off nil; and to such a properdin uld have hushed the murmurir.gs of and necessary portion oj' the niizeiu'ldiscoutent, and display ed a magnanimity

privileges should be extend J, that theyjas noble as tjpe defeat. 1 he snme high

may have some inducements to the perforrnance of virtuous deed?. But shorn as they now are of every incentive of the

i kind, they can do but little more thanks . ;a'ion, a generous, honest and ii

agonize in silent despair INDIANS. Two tribes ofir.ese aboriginal r.: are siill lingering within oui o m Their growing indolence, the; i ..i intemperate habits, theii pun plicity of manners, their ii.-cn pendence upon theii social for the bread of lift, their t!::i at a v ! prospects of living by the ch .ulj rages of dangerous precedent, their In quent collisions with our people, theii unrestrained exhibitions oi their own 9 vage customs betore our ciuz-'o and citizens' children, the impositions which h e the lack ol knowledge, they are ever sutT ring from their more artful brothei?, and their destitution of any mraTcode whatever, are h11 weighty considerations that combine ifrSummnning them nVTore you as children to be'govcrned, A trial for half a" century , to belter their condition as independent nations, or tl;9, has oniy served t increase- tljirwuK wretchedness. They nave, by some unaccountable fatalitv , ac quired allot the vices of the whites, with but few of their virtues. Beside?, the absurdity ot one independent power residing in another, both the happiness of the natives and the policy ana interest of the government, call emphatically for a cha-ie of rela tion between the parties. I. is timethat! ngency domination was ) ilding up iis absolute sway, to the mild and salutary !aw3 of free, enlightened and religious freemen, The hearts of the Indians themselvef, would u r.i with thanks giving, after realin: g their advantages, for the preserving influences of organiclaw, if upon the nrst shotk, they should receive, by the t xlension of the 'laws of tht- Slate over thf in,their timidity should not overcome them, so as to incline them j to sell and move beyond the Mississipj i,i a cheering hope may yet be indulged, that their infantile on prirg may be reared, to understand, venerate and enjoy, the biessii gs of the social system. The act ofenfmcing our State laws up on the indines, must be accompanied with great prudence and forbearance on the part of the executive flicers. Between thej extension ff our laws and their liability to them, suflicicnt time should b- given to enable tin m to understand ti c new rule of their conduct. Special modes of promulgating the laws must of necessity be resorted lo. A school tor legal and other instructions I a ought to be instituted. Whether these people stay within the State or fo to the country alloted to them, after they are brought to an equality with the citizen, and sutcted to his burdens and counted in the federal census, their landed possessions must soon form an item in the revenue of the State. If they re mov.-, they will sell to the United Stairs;: & if tney submit, it is the opinion of the i resident, that their national property muM oe carveu up into individual rights. I ! . i 1 1 - 1.1 i mveMoe. mucu pleasure 10 unarm i . .. .... i- i r that in submitting the above propofition, I am fortified by the opinion of the President of the United States, and by late legislative enactments, of most cf jhe btates trm leel an interest in the matter, and have Indian? within their limit?. The success of the measure must be of signal service to all such

l'l,ng m me leuerai coiiMitution, or injtjon nf tIt.ctors may be dispensed with.

cisc oi power. FECIAL COUHTS. The many imprisonments in jails for bet ween the semi-yearly terms, at heavy count v vp'-r re, vili appeal to vcu for a

remedy. A pawer vested senvwhefej to convene a court by pmc Uwaiif n, to try special cases, under the xnlir-g judicial regulations, is demanded by can

I cmy.

mOBATE JUIiCIE. It will be seen firm examination, that the probate law of the last session, needs seme revision, and particuhniy an unu ndment w hich will provide for fiiii: g the vacancy ol the ctiice of probate judge when it may occur. CCNTEs-TOF ELECTIONS. A less ambiguous law than the I'l-Qf-V in force, has been found to be necessary,!-

CIIICF MAGISTRATE. Since the aujauiuinent oi the last Legilatnre,cne dis;inguihcri American j I lint the change did not carry along with I : i : .. i : ; . - C . Jk. ; : 1 sense o. patriotic devotion to country, which led the friend. of the late chief rr;. exhale, to give to his prosperous aduppoft, lu cause he washe con-

!sii u r i-.il and l giiimate President of j..Je;lhe ; :iitn, and because his leadu.g mca- .? so; : m re based i the public interest, ?! ; - um;, wit!- increased psi-piiety, incline i - " ' same persons lo tiislain the ably and ' joiiiri. uslv conducted administration 4 . -:he exeellei t man who now quizes the

d helm - i S alt ; because he suj cr-acu: i in-irjto tin- many reasons efl'red fm giving r support to his predecessor, an irresistible claim to respect and obedience, tli-t oinipot. nee of public sentiment and euolicly expressed popular predilection--It thc-jie causes will nor, in the public estimatio ., justify the support of ihe righteons acts of the present authorities, then we have already nnthu.g. but a republic shorn of its cardinal principles' a factious minoril-v endeavouring to rule too aristocratic ard stubborn to submit to the majority , aTrd trampling their will, ns i were under their unhallowed feet. What besides consistency of conduct in this, respect standing erect and viuhcugcd upon an unehunguble set ofjirinciple.s, will be more fllcacious in resioiing i distracted country to ils departed tranquility? K Mhing less than an abandonment .! nen and an adherence to measures strictly will unite the divider? ail C'lors of brothers throw the son into the embrace of his father and polder the recent enmities of old friends, never excited till the witchery of party aid the crv of pioscription rent them a3 sunder. Nothing else w ill place aspirants to public office upon their moral character attd m. alley cd merit. If the broad axiom, allowed to be correct by all, that this is a government of laws' and measures aiid not of men, and the. greatest indifference should be frit as to who the agent is, so that he has merits, be as tenable as popular, it is diii.culi indeed, to perceive upon what ground the supporters of Ihe present adminitra tion who were. supporters of the at onef can be justly made the objects of censure. The w ill of the people should be the supreme law . IRFSIDFNTIVL ELCCTSOfl, At the ii.?'1! .... e of the Governors of the Staus of Louisiana and Missouri, I Jar betore your resolutions of ibo Legislatures of thos' States, proposing a changes in the Constitution of the United States, relative to the election of 'resident and Vict President of the same. The history of the eventful struggle which has sjust terminated the irritated feelings engendered by a late election by Congress, threatening to rend the Union in twain, an ansious care for the harmony of the S'aterand a community of attachment lor the purity of elections, tenstair us to look to the rLDPLE, as the only safe depository ol the stnnprwlnnji nnwr ir,A privilege of making the President and Vice-President. These resolutions with admirable foresight, contemplate ths election of those high cflicers for the term of gis vcar- and rPnder;nc- them in- . ' eligible afterwards. That t!m natron- - - r age of the President may , in no case, be made to influence Jlate elections; and that the head of the nation may sutler less in character, in the. eyes of the world, from the licentiousness of the press, by removing the motive to scandal and misrepresentation-'1 the President should never be allowed to be a candidate fo? the Presidency, The mode of election ollRnt jG Ue i:inform throughout all of the States, by genera! ticket. The inlervenThe due weight of the Sta tcs, re?pective ly, should be reserved, as is now guaranteed to them by the constitution, it would be best not to submit the decision jlet them act ever so pure, suspicion will 'assail them, f Comhid'A nez! zm'r.l in any case wnaiever, lo LonLrress. lor