Indiana Palladium, Volume 4, Number 35, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 6 September 1828 — Page 1

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--.r-'.-. -fllK.HJ'.,- H'y.l II IIHIM ill EQUALITY OF RIGHTS IS NATURE'S PLAN AND FOLLOWING NATURE IS THE 31 ARCH OF MAN. Barlow Volume IV. LA WRENCEBURG H, INDIANA; SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1823. Number 35.

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BIOGRAPHY

UJ the Signers to the Declaration of pendence. By R. W. Pomeroy. Thomas Jefferson was born 1743, in the county of Albermarle, in Virginia educated at the college of William and Mary; succeeded to an ample fortune; arid in lvOO, was admitted to the bar. In 1769, he was a distinguished member of the legislature of his native stale. In 1772, he married a daughter of JVI. Wayles, who died, after living with him ten years, and leaving him two daugh ters. In 1773, he was a member of the first committee of correspondence, established by the colonial legislature. In 1774, he published his summary view of the rights of America. In 1775, he was a member from his native state, In join the general confederacy, assembled at Philadelphia. In 1776, he drafted the declaration of American Independence, which was adopted with very little alteration. Through the war, he iv as constantly serving t he revolutionary cause at home, or in congress, either by his services, as a legislator, or the still more efficient aid of his powerful pen. In 1779, he was on the committee, appointed to revise the laws of Virginia. His humanity was conspicuous, in at tempting to alleviate the sufferings of the British prisoners of Saratoga. In 1779, he was elected Governor ot irgi nia, and administered his office with un common prudence and energy. A mem ber of the legislature moved for an en quiry,in relation to his conduct while go vernor, touching the incursions of Ar nold. A representative of the count), to tvhich Mr. Jefferson belonged, resigned his seat, that he might be elected in his place. He was elected unanimously . After he had taken his seat, the member withdrew his charges. Mr. Jefferson brought them up himself, and made f i i s justification. The house passed a resolve, declaring its high sense of his services and upright conduct, while governor. In 1732, he was appointed to assist in the treaty of peace. In 1784, he uas one of ihe committee, to drnlt a mode) for the temporary government of the Jrorth-Ve.stcrn,'I'erritGry. Oue of the articles, proposed bv him, was, that there should be no involuntary servitude, except for crime. In 1785, he was chosen to succeed Fiarklh;. as minister to Versailb. I 1707, he published his 'Notes Oh Virgi: ia.' While ah-ent, as minister to France, he visited Holland and Italy, lie was the friend of philosophers, and the d .'light of the fascieati-'g society of Pans. In 1789, he. returned from Eu rope, and was appointed Secretary of State under V ashmgton. t rom 1793. to 1796. he passed his time in retirement. At the latter period he was Vice-President, and tilied the office during two terms. From this office he retired to BInnticello, passing his days in philosophical repose, and di nified leisure, exercising an ample and often abused hospitality the admiration of foreign visitors of the highest respectability, and the delight of his countrymen. His last days were devoted to one of the most important earthly concernments, that of building up his favorite college, and dif fusing the blessings of common school education among all classes of the chil-

aren oi nis native siaie. ne mea, iodine aristocratic, and the devoted friendsif lh.. ...dir.. :,i PniNd.d.o,,., . 4

on the natal day of our independence. A palpable proof, that no touch of mer-

cenary motive had mixed mlb his view v this sincerity was o..q.u-stinable, for hc,- s;ir.h,. Hre he diclmr ,ni the discharge of such various and higbjhad nothing to gain, but much loh.se hy!llu. ,lu!),(, r,,.,.,..,, ,f awyrr"a,j ,

omces, was, uiiii uc uitu poor. John T-r f rrm adams was oornai vmncy, not .... ..w... ... .. .. v.. . .. rosion, in iuassacnus'-Mis. neiul

wasiourtnia descent irom M mry A.i-j t-o.iu a. vrt. ous .,mes received am-, on whose tomb it is incribed, that',i"z unequivocal marks of the con-

he took ftizhl from the drnson persecution 2n JeroAirEnm.y, and alighted ncnrh' Mount 1751, studied ccster that even toyvards mitted ed an

i nr rntrnri inth nrrhf o.i no ' 1 1 , sti i ks z iiiiii w;is nr.f? n nii ;wn- i t . tt . i ... . . . . . i

he entered Harvard college. H-cate vigorous resolutions, for closing the n,.. ..i t ,,.ii;. t.. ?...4 ... i,, ' i-.v,,. : t lc r.v s,li w ai! nho

ww v . k. u . . , n, i.t w.tCLf Hi, OUIlOl in 7 - - - " . ovitv I IP.", lll. r-if- II..I 111 ... I, ; . I- . I T r. '7 .i. . 1 f,Mi;r:i.ii...- .w. I

law, and taught school at lVor-donr of accommodation with the parent naP, hp tooi, . r A-,. ... . ;.. " . ....r.i... n, ti- .jrawsare dried with

. His first writings, 1757, evmce'eounry. His family was connected hv dUliu,uUed liri.iri, I.. I '.I,o 177 he rr.oyV I io e' iord.ng to the quality

then his thouK'its were turned marriage with that of lord Campbell, mt.m1.P tlf ,n n. ';. . .. ... .,T. ....t c i. .a....; P6td 10 De maflc OI 1,1 em

no ttics. In 1758. he was ad- the royal governor, who n aved t he ami-Lf p..,.,. 1. ri , . . .. ..j... r1M - . . purpose the) are soried

tothebar. In 17G4, ne publish- able, and preserved an appearance of tilf, f,rt vnl,....,, ' .. .. J , a . ..j i..Jtt,x'.c,nP3S' Maria

essay on canon and feudal law, a.d, ""irahty net ween the whiL'. and tories. in ,h,t ctnt n-:.:.i ' ... ' L. .. :.. ' r.i ... .M01 Uic lencn,-aeeirea to

his name became associated with tholn inward purposes of the governor

distinguished Massachusetts whigs of the time. In 177G, he. removed to Bos ton. The provincial government attempted to buy him over to the royal cause, by the offer of a lucrative office, which he declined. After t!e famous 'Boston massacre,' he defended Captain Preston, charged with murder, aod although that officer was excessively odious.the fairness and disinterestedness of the advocate's defence lost him no popularity; as is proved by his being elected, the same year, a member of the general assembly. This course rendered him so obnoxious to the royal govern ment, that his name was twice 6trucko.r

Ithe list of the counsellors of the Drovin -

governors. Such was the earnestness of his zeal, on the side of the peo ple, that he was generally considered an enthusiast in their cause. He was appointed 'delegate to the general congress at Philadelphia. But few of the delegates thought, and fV-Il with him, in reference to the justice and wisdom of a separation from the parent country. Among those that did, were Patrick Honry and T. M'Kean. Hon: he published 'Ni.vanglu,' in defence of the yvnig doc trines. He suggested, and advised the election of Washington, as commander-in-chief. He was the first advocate, in congress, of the declaration of independence. The effect of his popular eloquence, in defence of this measure, as described by his fellow laborer, Mr. Jef ferson, was astonishingly great. He was afterwards a member of the provi sional legislature of his native state. He declined the offer of the office of chief Justice, because it would interfere with his attendance upon the general congress. The circumstance of his visiting the camp of lord Howe in company with Franklin and Rutledge, is well known. His labors in congress, until 1777, w.-i, as efficient, as they were indefatigable. In 1778, he sailed, as commissioner. France. In 1779, he returned to America, and assisted in forming the consii f ution of his native state. Same year In sailed for Europe, as minister plenip. -tentiary, charged with hign and respon sible power, to make peace and a treaty with Great Britain. He negotiated a loan with Holland, and managed oui interests m i t h great prudence and success at the court of Paris. He was one , the A -Herman commissioners, who sign, d the treaty of peace, in 17S2. In 1785. lie was ambassador to England. His defence of our forms of government was r uhlished in London, in three .lurries, io 1787, and re-printed in the U ited States aexryear. In the autumn oi 1788, he returned to his countrv,aid was elected vice-president, to which rftiee he was re-elected, in 1792. In 1 797, he was e-I'-cted president of the United States. After a single term of service, he retired to his native Quint:), living, like Jeffer -on, and like oue of the old Romans, in dignified retirement. In 1820, he received a compliment as respectful, and as flattering, as could be paid to his venerable age, and hoary hairs. He was unanimously chosen, to preside over a convention, formed to revise the constitution ol his native state; and the election was announced to him by an ad dress, singularly cordial and affectionate. He lived to see hi eldest son president of the United States, and expired full of days and glory on the same day with his illustrious compatriot, Jefferson. Arthur Middleton was born in 1743. at Miihlleton place, on the banks of the Ashley, in South-Carolina. He was educated at Westminster school and Cambridge University, in England. Tiiough born to opulence, lie was studious, temperate, and taciturn in his habits. He made the tour of Europe, and was a con noisseur in the tine arts. Having mar ried a daughter of Walter Izard, esq.!

iiun.u uric-Hsu ijuiuue, rie 'vasi,l,1.,,M0H ... a,.i it.

wealthy, and his connexions were amongj of royalty. But he espoused the cause of the revolution with devoted ardor ;! juie reviuiionary struggle. He was a I- " ' "ie legislature 7 - - - u.mvc: ?iair, .u ui mr iroinioeiuai

h-lence ofh.s country. H - wasdecided-!:i(Hi

opposecl to wavering aod iimid meawere disclosed by u very incrnnious stra tagem of the whigs; and it was found, that the governor only wailed the arri val of forces, to adopt severe measures, in reference to the whigs! Mr. Middleton advocated taking him immediately into custody, which was rejected at the time, as a rash and extreme proposal. Mr. Middleton exposed himself gallantly, and as a volunteer, in the defence of his stale against the British. He be came a prisoner bv the capture of Charleston, and was afterwards transferred by the British to St. Augustine. After the war, like many of our greatest men, he showed a propensity for a

t - 1 x I I'lin I.i I ' . Tlfl';ii l'.lsf-4,y 1 . I HI OH'. lfl It III I r1!! I I .- . I I

i nrivate. rather than a nnblic life. At

his native seat he passed his time, in dispensing ample hospitality to many dis tinguished friends and visitors. His losses had been immense, during the plundering of Charleston and its vicinity , by the British. Two hundred of hi& slave? had . been carried off, and he was involved in debt. But enough remained, 'o enable him to live in a style of lib rain y . Curious anecdotes are given of his habitual disregard of money, and of his tv'lm and philosophic temperament. I.: 178G, he was seiz d with the autumnal intermittent of the country, and suffered its periodical paroxism- for several weeks. To those, who urged the Usual remedies, he replied with his customary calmness of manner, 'that it was best to leave nature to itself.' When the pressure of disease at length induced him to adopt remedies, they came too late. He paid the debt of nature, January 1, 1737. ! William Hoofer was of Scotch descent, and was born at Boston, 1742. Hi was educated at Harvard Univeiiy. Havi-g graduated with a high reputation, he s:udid law with the famous James Otis. Having ompieted his studt, lie emigrated to ilmingtoe, North Carolina, where he married Miss Ann Chrk o respectable family. An aiopted ru'Z . of that state, he took a gh id n -tmong its talented and dis- ! gui-n d men. I 1770, he sustained ,u;iv. part agamt tt'c insurgents, tailed 'regulator?.' In 1773, as a n.emher of ihe 1- gisl i? ui v, he began to op-! pose coloiiiul tyranny. A'.Joul this time, he publise.t-d a srrit s of es-ays signer 'Hampdei ,? de-ig u d to prepare Hie public mind for'i ose ria,:ges? which he d.emed inevitable. L'ke most of tin other worlhies of the revolution, he ;-d-'pted a tourse of measures, d- eidedly in r.pposition to his present, and immediate interests. This course throughout was one of disinterestedness, distinguished, as such, even in those disinterested times. He was elected first delegate from North-Carolina to the congre ss at Philadelphia. Immediately after his arrival, he addressed that august aSc,mbv for half an hour, and was heard with profound attention. He continued a member of congress; and his name is fre quently associated in the debates ami tcts of that eventful period with the great master-names of the revolution. He was appointed on a committee with Franklin and Livingston, to devise the mode of paying a proper tribute to the memory of the gallant Montgomery, wh -fell under the walls of Quebec, 177G. j He cave his vote for the declaration of independence, ano! was engaged, the re-j mainder of that year, in the committees, appointed to regulate the post-office, and treasury appeals from the admiralty. H continued actively engaged in public business, until his declining' health united with other causes, induced him to retireto (he privacy of domestic life, in which U remained to the time of his decease, 1790. His stature, was moderate, and i is count'mance plea-ing, and marked with intelligence. He was distinguished for conversational powers. James Smith was horn i.f Ireland, and ,f.ar7,f.ri u? languages utnh r Dr. A'l.son hlw ar Lancaster, and thence estal lihed hinw. ijt MH woods on lle nr, M ..... 1 veyor. Thence he icmvved to Voik. vrhore hp s .,h, ac quired p-imii tin. . ad jijp rf,j standn g a ine ursi s'anon-tr Hs javyec. fje'in lit married Mi Eiea-or Am.or of K. u , nna,i. u K.t xiv yrs.aod L;,., ,. ,...I:iJ. in p'rofe-sio,., when the rev duti l , - ". ,iuCI (1 congress ne aigneU the declaration of Independence. i y . i c . . He Withdrew from tho In 1onn having been a practising lawyer sixty - - ...- mivi it luvut years. He died in 1306, at the advanced age, it is supposed of ninety-three years; though this fact is not certainly known, as he could never be persuaded to tell his age to his most intimate friends. He was a stern and inflexible patriot; and through life gave an example of veneration for religion. Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, was born at Annapolis in Maryland, 1737. His highly respectable' ancestors were Roman Catholics. H was educated in France. Id 1757, he visited Loudon,;

. ...... , ... iljuh uuiDii rt"i;it;Miii, iii'- rii;umi m -' . i , n 1111 i

and commenced the study of law in the temple. In I7C4, he returned to tht place of his.binh, and took a part, favorable to lii.erty, in the discussions, which then began to be agitated in this countn. Io 17G8, lie married Miss Darnell. He look him and decided ground, as an advoete for the independence of the Uiiiud Slates. Being an opulent and distinguished catholic, he was sent cn a mission to Canada, in the hope, that he might have influence with the Catholic inhabitants of that prounce. He was in public life for thirty years, and during that period was placed in many situations of public trust. In common with most of the signers of the declaration of Independence, in fixing his name to that instrument, he showed the disinterestedness of putting at hazard fame, ease ai d fortune, p.. w motives can be imagined, which would not incline a man of his ample possessions to a different course. lie is the last living signer of that instiument. He still remains a cherished relic of that glorious assemblage. As a speakei, his manner is concise and ani

mated. As a writer, he possesses un common dignity of manner. In person he is slighi, and rather below the middle size. He is at present nearly ninety years old. His grand daughter, wife ot the marquis of Wellesley, is vice queen of Ireland. Thomas Nelson was born, 1738, at York V. tinge in Virginia, of highly respectal Io ancestors. He yvas se i to E. gland for his education, in 1753. I. 1 761, he returned 'o his nati e t.untn 'Min strong propensities for literature. Ii 1702, he married Mss Lucy Giymt s nf Brand mi, a. d settled in his native place. Is 1774, he fiist became conspicuous in puhlie life. From this period tie became distinguished amor g the patriots of ihe day. Appointed Colonel ol one of the regimeois, erg-niz- d for tin defence of the eolonv, he loaned monev to those of his command, who needed. He rose to the rank of general; and wa as cihYicnt in aidi: g the revolution, i. his military, as his civil capacity. H suc c eeded M . J-'fferson, as governor, in 1781. In this ohVo he availed himcelfi ot his private wealth, his ctficial in flu ence, and his pei wonsl weight of character, lo -mi the army. Before the walls his native town, he display ed the same gallantry and disinterestedness, which he had manifested elrewhere. His handsome mansion, in the town, was spared by the American aod French cannon. Observing this, he ordered them not to pare his house. It was trie head quar ters of the Bii'ish officers. The fiist fire killed two officer?-, indulging the pleasures of the table. The house was des troyed, and the efneers were dislodged. Declining health compelled him, to request a dismissal from his rtliee. Jo 17SJ, he retired to the pleasures and privacy of domestic life. Scarce had he begun to taste repose, when he was summoned, to meet a legal investigation of a charge, preferred against hir, by the inhabitants of Pi i ace William County, touching some acts of hi, yvhile governor, for the support of the American army. After this investigation, the lefislature h fahz'd all hi acts. He lived

hnnpih in peace and privacy, urail hi.;the "bjtcS 1J' ,, r 11 u fo,IIia,

decease, which happened iu 17S9. He died at the nfe ot fittv Years. ;ti.d i-f h

ample fortune little remained alter hU:tht?-vare el n.anec:ilj1 juncture of J uscany. A: Prato there

Richard Henry Lee was born in

iv , i AT. . . i-,on tl. N:.n. and every where in the country, at etmoieland it. Virginia, n. 17b2. Iltsj., , . f . . , - , the eloor ot tre cottages, women and family as one of the most distinguished Lu;h. ri. t i fr , , .! ,J - tt i.i , '-hildien aro i-een picking and p aitinc in he province. Hv y as educate. J atL o,.i.i. r . P

'ne province.

Wak. -field, ir. Y k-hire, Ennland. At r :, i.. i,. nJxUmt

,i ' l,,!,,,, !1,lbu,ft "'' eai ; the straw is then pulled

had c mtnitted minders cr, the frontiers.! .me in un: ni'.s(l. . , .i . L j

quern spoecnes, u.a. ne ex r ir.aae.pf He was many times elected to conesJ. .

!rl,iri.,.T ,!. :,ltPr mrt nf tlw irar. fi.-' ,u,"i ....... - - t nerals Weedon and Gre ene givehonora hie testimony, io iegrd to his military conduct, as a commander. In 1777, he applied for leave to withdraw from congress, to meet an accusation of loryism. After the investigation, in pursuance of the orders of the assembly, ihe venerable George Wythe delivered the thanks of the house for the manner, in which he had performed his duties. This converted a charge into a triumph. In 17S-1, he was chosen president of congress. At the expiration of his term of service, he retired to the bosom of his numerous

family. He was chosen first senator to congress, liom Virginia, undci the new constitution. In 1792, his health induced him to yyithdraw from every public of fice. The remainder of his life was spent in happy retirtment. His society was the delight of ail, who shared it. He died at Chantilly in his native state 1794. Bexjv. Harrison was born at Berkeley in Virginia. In what year is not exactly known. He entered as a student in the college of William and Mary. Owing to some disagreement with a pro fessor, he left before he was matriculated. He belonged to a family, which had always held a conspicuous place in the affairs of the country. The death of his father cast the care of a numerous family upon his hands, yvhile be was yet very young. lie took his seat, as a member of the "legislature, before he had attained the age, rt quired by law. That he yvas popular, is proved by the many t tnces of trust, conferred upon him. In his opinions and conduct he was united with Randolph, Wythe, Ji Hereon, and Henry. He was one of the seven deputies, chosen to represent Virginia in tho general congress. In the acts of the first and second sp-sioiis he tock an active part. In 1775, he lived with Peyton Randolph and gen. Washington ir a bcure, which is still to be seen. He was a member of the cc mmittf e of congress, f mpesit g 'he fust board of ar9 in 177C. In 1777, he look his seat for the fourth tini. as a number of Con-

giess; but towards tfee tlo?e of the Jear his private affairs induced him to uithdiaw from that body. On his return to his native slate, he was elected to the house of buigt cses, and became speaker of that body. Ii 1782, he was eltctd governor of Vnginia, and was elect d a second trim. Soon alter 1 e had been unanimously returned a member of the legislature, he ditd, iu 1791. He married Elizabeth Basset, a r.iece of the sisierol Mis. Washington, and noted lb? her uncommon beaulv. He left seven children. AVilham Henry IlarrisoD who has been since so much distinguished in the western country, was the third son, and was educated at Hampden Sy d ncy College, and originally intended ibf the medical profession. Joseph Hewfs yvas born near Kings ton, xSew-Jcrsey, in 1730. The details of his earh life and education are not known. He moved to Philadelphia, and assumed the occupation of a merchant. At thirty he emigrated to Edenton,North Carolina. He soon became a member of the colonial legislature of that stale, ana irom that period to the lime of bis death, he was an active and steady friend of the great cause of independence. He died in 1779, while in attendance, as a member, in congress. Leghorn Hats. W dare say that most of our fair admirers, w hoj alter taki. g off their Leghorn hats, seat themselves on a couch to read this j -urnalof urs? know every thing cei.ieuirg i materials and manujae ture of the se essential article of -uinn.et aJir. But,lest there shculd be any an erg hen? w '.i do not happen to have ever hquiitd jmo UOII Ut-'VUIO IO li ii It U '.:, "JItSO hats, so called from the vl-ti vr.enre ire great estaDIistimei ts ol this fabrica'us nit ?owu wiui wneau : i i ii i 13 aueweu to grow till ready to the root, which as well as fhe ear, is cut ctF tn m even stem: the knots of cut out. Tho more or ess care, ol the hat pro- ; and lor this ith the ereatLoaisa, Empress have a hat, for liriinrr)(Trfnnn( f ,u c 1 mc uiauuiaciure. (f) greate8t pos?ible fincnegs d i , - " fiVf .- . .. " VI (i rr4 iiiip'itw ion to the manufacturer, was. if I remember right, COO francs. Besides the great consumption of this well known article in Europe, very great quantities are sent to the North American States The work produces at every step the pleasing appearance of labor united to amusement, of a toil in which childish play and childish gains form children ta habit9 of industry, without exhausting their strength or gaiety." Best's Italy. The prid, jealousy, m bit ion and temper which is displed in almost rvery region, tiucmt en to put. the world in blaze,

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