Indiana Palladium, Volume 2, Number 10, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 18 March 1826 — Page 1

EQUALITY OF RIGHTS IS NATURE'S PLAN AND FOLLOWING NATURE IS THE MARCH OF MAN. Baiilow. Volume II. LAWRENCEBURGII, INDIANA; SATURDAY, MARCH 13, 1326. Number 10.

FOREIGN NEWS.

Greece. It appears that the Turks

have raised the siege of Missolonghi. 1

brahim had met with some Ios in one of

his late excursions. He had not accomplished any thing since the arrival of his reinforcement. The shreds of news that we have from Greece are rather cheering. A patriot chief, named Karaiskaki, attacked the Turks before Missolonghi, and beat them severely. Jussef pacha has been disgraced and dismissed. Bozzaris has driven

the Turks out of Salona, killing many of

them, and making prize of all their artillery, baggage, &:c. An attack on Redschid pacha was expected from him

the gallant chief Gouras tights at his

gide. The Greek government has lately manifested great jealousy of the French officers who were assisting them. The intimacy subsisting between the French government and the pacha of Egypt, has probably led to this feeling. From whatever cause, however, it may have arisen, it is carr ied to an extreme length. General Roche,a.i J all the other Frenchmen, were suddenly dismissed, and lieutenant colonel Arnault, who had just arrived with twenty artillerists, and all

the materials of a cannon foundry, has

suffered the mortification of having his

services rejected.

The following is given as a particular

list of the fleet that lately arrived irom

Agypt

The vessels of the captain pacha, 31

viz: 9 frigates, 9 norvettes, 10 brigs

and three schooners. Vessels of Algiers,

5 viz: 2 frigates, 2 corvettes and 1 brig Vessels of Tripoli, 4 2 frigates, 2 cor

vettes. Vessels of Egypt, 29 viz: 2

irigares, 1 corvette, 16 brigs, 9 schooners and one steam boat. European vessels

missioners a few days after their arrival at Potosi general Sucre, grand marshal of Ayacucho, in reply to a toast given by

Mr. Durego, complimenting the army ofi

Colombia said, "If the army of Colombia receives orders from its government it will rush down from Potosi upon the enemies of Rio de la Plata, as a torrent which precipitates itself and sweeps into the sea whatever may oppose it." These things do not look quite "comfortable" for his imperial majesty of Bra-

zil

Iv invested in teas, the duties on which J but several others and that for thecom-lled the 'Kvar physic" or "war medicine,'

27 viz: 7 English, 8 Austrian, 3 Sar

dinian, 1 Neapolitan, 5 Spanish and 3

I uscan moreover, one American, besides 26 armed transports from AlexanJ . I r i" I . , I o :l

,mi.i aim iu lire snips ioiui, ioo sum. The Austrian vessels of war in the Archipelago are doing all the injury to tne Greeks that they dare to preserve the appearance of neutrality. Three vessels, owned and navigated hy Christians, employed in the honourable service of transporting Greek slaves to Egypt, have been captured and sent into Hydra Where we hope that justice may have been rendered to the captains and their crews, by hanging the whole of them. Columbia. No choice of a vice president was made by the people at the late election, and the selection devolves on the congress. A want of method in the management of the finances is much spoken of. It would appear from what is stated in the papers, that no regular system has yet been adopted and that no exposition of the receipts and expenses has been laid before the public. Buenos Ayrcs. A Brazillian squadron is blockading Buenos Avres but war had not vet been declared bv B. A. Gen. Alvea and Dr. Velez, on behalf of the government of Buenos Ayres, have had an interview with Bolivar whom thev met at Potosi on the 6th Oct. They were received in the most flattering;

manner by the liberator "The Argentine people may be assured," says he in his speech to the commissioners, "that our hearts will never be separated from their future fortunes." And his letter

Exploration of the J'orthzi'cst Coast.

The report of the select committee in

Congress of the subject of establishing i

military post on the Colombia river, is,

very interesting document. It is under

stood to have been drawn up bv Mr Bay

lies, of Massachusetts, the chairman of

the committee. Jt evinces an intelligent

and elevated mind, as well as a polished

pen; and we have no doubt he has done justice to the enlarged and liberal views

of his associates.

Their first enquiries are directed to

the nature of the climate; and they find

Irom the observations ot diilerent navi gators and travellers that it is temperate

pleasant and healthy, though at certaii

seasons subject to frequent rains along the sea coast. Between Hie mountain

ous ridge near the ocean and the chain

of mountains which crosses the Oregon,

lies the rich valley of Columbia, which

is represented as a fertile and delightful

country, shaded by thick groves of tall

timber. The soil is rich, and capable of

anv species of culture.

With respect to the advantages to be

derived from establishing a post on the

waters ot the Columbia, the committee

consider the fur trade as an object of

great consequence both to the mercan

tile community, and to the government

as a source of revenue. This region is

known to abound with animals whose

fu rs are very valuable and particularly

suitable for the China market. It is ob

vious, say the committee, that at no very distant period, all the valuable fur pro

ducing animals east of the rocky moun

tains, will either be driven west,or exterminated. Even now the beaver is almost

extinct. It is well worth consideration

whether prompt measures ought not to

be adopted to prevent .foreigners from

enjoying an almost exclusive monopoly of this almost invaluable trade, within

our own limits; and a total monopoly it

must become whenever these animals

shall find their only shelter in the vast

orests near the Pacific ocean, unless the )rotecting hand of the government shall

be extended to that region.

In connexion with the fur trade, say he committee, the trade in the sandal

wood of the Sandwich Islands, alwav? in demand at Canton, must be taken into

consideration: this, with ginseng, which grows in prolusion on this coast, opium, copper and specie, are the only articles with which trade can be transacted in that citv. "In 1801, sixteen ships were engaged in the traffic, fifteen of which were owned in the United States, and one in Great Britain. Eighteen thousand sea otter skins, besides other furs, were collected for the China market, in that year by the American vessels alone." "In 1822, there were fourteen vessels from the United States engaged in this

trade, combined with that to the Sand

wich Islands for sandal wood. These

in reply to that of our executive by the: vessels were from 200 to 400 tons each; est daJs oi tlic commercia' greatness oi ; nitclv Jiandsof the commissioners, contains sim-icrews from 25 to 30 each, and the dura-: Spain, Portugal, France, Holland, and'by it.

we learn from the best authority, are, on

an average, equal to the original cost of the article in the Chinese mai ket ; giving to the revenue the annual sum of fit hundred thousand dollars and an advance to the owners in the American market. This trade is to be considered in another point of view; much of the tea is reshipped to Holland, to the Mediterranean, to the West Indies, south America and elsewhere, giving activity to ether inportant branches of trade, employment to sailors freight to ship owners, returning to our

market other articles productive both of

profit and of revenue. I he history of this trade, when understood, a ill furrish a partial solution of a problem in political economy. Notwithstanding thc apparent advance of the nation in wealth and prosperity, a national bankruptcy

was apprehended, because the hooks ot

the Custom house exhibited an alarming excess of imports over exports. It was apprehended, and apparently with some show of reason, that the excess of importations would eventually produce a ruin

ous balance against the United Stales.

Yet, upon examination, it will be easily

discovered that the return of $1,000,000

in the productions of China, as an oliset against a trifling export, instead of indi

cating an extra igant and ruinous excess of importations, demonstrates the im

mense profits ot trade and navigation on

this coast. It will easily be seen, that the continuance of this trade for thirty years, (and it has been pursued lor a lon

ger period,) has added $15,000,000 to

the actual capital of the country, besides

paying to the. revenue $1 5,000,000 more. Yet for its protection, not a dollar of the

public money has been expended. Ko public ship has been stationed in the

North Pacific, and since the appropria

tion of a trilling sum to cover the expen

ses of Lewis and Clarke's exploring ex

pedition, twenty )ears ago, not a single rilleman has been supported at the pub

ic expense, while, for the protection ol he European and West India trade, quadrons have been annually sent forth:

and what is still more extraordinary, to

rotect our own citizens against the aprehended ruinous efiectsol those bl anch

es of trade, a series of legislative reme

dies have been proposed, and have pas-

ed into laws!

The Report then goes on to describe

and enumerate the undeveloped capaci

ties of this region on the northwest coast

for trade, and the anticipated advantages

of it are depicted in very glowing colors. These advantages, say the committee, great as they are, will be trilling in comparison to what they will be, whenever a water communication between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, through the Isthmus dividing North and South America, shall have been effected. Of the practicability of this communication there is no doubt. If Humboldt is to be

believed, the expense atone place would not exceed that of the Delaware and Chesapeake canal. Should it be accomplished, a revolution in commerce will

be effected, greater than any since the

plete defence of the entrance ol the Co

lumbia, nothing will be necessary, but a few cannon placed in a stockaded fort, which can be erected at small exj er.se. In conformity with this opinion, the bill which we report, provides that the President may establish a post or pests, within the limits of the United States on the Pacific ocean, or on the waters connected with that ocean, where, and in such rnniii'.er as he shall see fit; submitting the location to his discretion, will doubtless be determined after careful examination, and a comparison ol the advantage s ot different positions. 1 his very interesting and well drawn report, after giving an estimate of the expense attending the establishment of

ti e military post in question concludes!

with the following corr lin ontary remarks on the heroic spirit, and entcrpri-

zing c harac ter ot the American navy. The con mittee cannot conclude this report, without expressing their belief, that ti e American nav can furnish spirits as enterprising, as adventurous, as heroic, as the most illustrious oi the European navigators, w ho will not only supply our full proportion to the ccmnon stock 4iof geographical and nstroncn ical science,"' but who will gain in that field, as many laurels, as they have heretofore in the field ot glory ; who instead of rearing crosses, burying coins, and engraing names, are destined, w e trust, to plant the standards oi a Republican nation along the endless shores of the vast Pacific, not as the barren emblems of nominal ;-oveic ignt, but as signals both of power and protection, of law, knowledge, civilization and liberty. J Y. Ev. Post.

ilar friendly professions. In allusion to

thc Brazillian emperor, while he addresses the commissioners, he remarks. 'Indeed, we have reason to wonder that an American prince, recently independent of Europe, who is found involved in our noble insurrection, and who has reared his throne, not upon a weak foundation, but on the indestructible sovereignty of the people and the sovereignty of the laws; this prince, who should appear destined to be the friend of neighbouring republics, is he who still occupies a province and a strong hold which do not belong to him, and who domineers over one of our most unworthy nations. On the other hand his troops have just invaded our province of Chiquitos and, when the terror of our arms has put them to flight, then they carry off our property and our citizens! Yet these celebrated violators of the rights of the

people have remained unpunished, our

citizens humiliated and our glory offended; but we are thankful for the events which have served to add new tics to the chains which draw us together in order sometimes to reclaim those rights as at others we have acquired them." At a public dinner given to thc corn-

tion of thc vovage usually three years."

The usual course of this trade is a voyage to the Northwest Coast; where a part of the cargo is exchanged for furs:

then to the Sandwich Islands, where the lading is completed with sandal wood:

then to Canton, w here this cargo is ex changed for teas, Scc.

The value at Canton, of furs, sandal wood, and other articles carried thither in 1821, by American vessels, from this coast, is estimated by the writer at $500,000 in that market; and this was an under estimate. The capital employed comparitively nothing. Since that time it is presumed that the trade has not been less. The committee entertaining no doubt that, on the lowest estimate founded on an accurate statement, the amount of annual sales at Canton, of articles from the Northwest coast and Sandwich Islands, are equal to half a mill ion of dollars, after deducting the original outfit of each vessel: for it is well known that the cargoes which are taken from America to this coast, are generally the refuse of the hardware shops, and comparitively speaking, of very little value. Thc proceeds of the sales arc general-

Manmrs and Customs of the Indians. War is always determined on by the head warrior of the town, which feels itself to have been injured. He lifts the war hatchet or club; but as soon as it is

taken up, the head chief and counsellors

may interpose, and by their prudent

counsel stop it. If the head worrior per

sist and goes out, he is followed by all

who are tor war. It is seldom a town

is unanimous: ihe nation never is; and

within the memory of the oldest men

mong them, it is not recollected that

more thT one half of thc nation ha e

oeen lor war at me same time; or, as they express it, "taken the war talk." The head warrior, when he marches,

gives notice where he shall encamp, and

sets out with one or two only; he fires

his gun, and sets up the war whoop.

This is repeated by all who follow him,

and they arc, during one or two nights.

marching off. Parched corn and jerked

meat, constitute the warrior's provisions

while on the expedition. Peace is determined on and concluded

by the head chief and his counsellors,

and "peace talks" are always addressed

ft v to them. In some cases, when the re

sentment of the warriors runs high, the chief and his counsellors have been much embarrassed. Murder. If murder be committed, the family of the dec eased only, have a riirnt

discovery of America; by which both Lf taking satisfaction ; they colllect, conthe power and the objects of its action!sut and decree. The rulers of the town will be more than doubled. The Indian;or of the nation, have nothing to do or commerce of Europe will pass throughsav in the business. The relations of America, and more commercial wealth; the deceased person consult first among will be borne upon the ample bosom of themselves, and if the case is clear, and the Pacific, than ever was wafted over! their family not likely to sutler bv the the waves of the Atlantic, in the proud-; division, thev determine on the case defi-

When their tribe may be affector in a doubtful case, or an old

England. claim for satisfaction, the family consult if it were given to a civilized, commer-i the tribe, and when thev have resolved

cial, and manulactunng people 'wncreJon having redress, thev take the guilty

Extraordinary contest. A Dutch paper mentions the following singular occurrence a having happened at Rantam, in the East In

to chose their place of rest,' the world, if u s to be found, and if he ilics they liies for the authority of which it says it can, affords no position equal to this, and it1 take the nearest of kin. In some cases, answer: A man fishing on the banks of tha

requires no prophetic spirit to foresee; the family who have done the injury, i er l)'el,raan "ard something splash in the

l,nf wer, anil perceiving a Hgerat no great dis-

iijucc anuiiiug irum me uiuer siue 01 me river. The fisherman thought he should best provide

composed of the hones of the snake and the wild cat. The traditionary account of this physick, is, that in old times the wild cat or panther devoured their peo pie; they set a trap for him, and caught him in it, burned him and preserved his bones. The snake was in the water; the old people sang, and he showed himself; they sang again, and he showed himself a little out ot the Mater; the 3d time he showed his horns, and they cut o one of them; he showed bin belt a 4th time, and they cut off the other horn A piece of these horns, and the bones of the wild cat or panther, is the great war medicine. Marriage, A man who wants a wife, never applies in person; he sends his sister, mother, or some other female to the female relations of the woman he names

They consult the brothers and unc les on the maternal side, and sometimes the father, but thb is only a compliment, as aj probation or opposition is ot no avail. It the part applied to, approve of the match, they answer accoidingly to the woman who made the application. The bridegioom then gets together a blanket and such other articles of clothing as he is able to spare, sometin e a horse, and sends then, by the wen an to the females of the family of the bride. If they accept the m the match is made, and the man may go to the house as scon as he chooses; and when he has built a house, made his crop and gathered it in, made his hunt and brought home the meat, and put all this in the possession of his wife, the ceremony ends; they are married; or, as they express it, the woman is hound' The appellation is, 4thc woman that lics w ith me," or "the mother of mv children." The law has been onderstood differently by seme, who insist that when they have assisted the womars to plant their crop, the ceremony endsj and the woman is bound. A man sel

dom or never marries in his own tribe. Livvrce. This is at the choice of either of the parties. The man may marry again as soon as he will, but the woman cannot during the continuance oC the yearly sacrifice, which lasts about twelve days. Marriage gives no right to the husband over the property of his wife, and when they part, she keeps the children, and the property belonging to them and to her. ISot unfrequently they take aw ay every thing the husband owns his hunting equipage only exceptW. Adultery is punished by the family and tribe of the husband. They collect, consuit and decree. If they determine tc punish the offenders, they usually divide: and proceed to apprehend them; one half of them go to the house of the woman, and the other to the familv house

of the man, or they go together, as they have decreed. They apprehend them, beat them severely with sticks, cut off

their noses, and sometimes crop them,

and cut off the hair of the woman, which they carry home in triumph. If both

parties escape, and those in pursuit re

turn home and lay down their weapons, the crime is satisfied; if they apprehend

but one of the offenders, and the other

escape, they take astisfaction from the

nearest of kin. This crime is satisfied

in another way; if the parties offending, absent themselves till the yearly sacrifice is over, then all crimes are buried in oblivion, murder excepted; and the mention of them, on any occurrence which brings them into recollection, is forbidden.

Jthe wealth and grandeur of that fortu-: promise reparation; and

naie race, wnose nappy acsuny snail: they are allowed

have placed their ancestors in this beautiful region. Impressed with a sense of the great advantages which may result to the United States, from the establishment of a post or posts in this territory by which in our opinion, the savages maybe conciliated, the fur trade secured the whole fishery partially protected, our title strengthened, and the wav prepared for future enterprize, if subsequent events should prove favorable, we have concurred most fully in opinion with the President, that "the river of the west, first fully discovered, and navigated by a countryman of our own, claims the

protection of our armed national fiag at

its mouth, or at some other point on that coast." The Committee think that five hundred men will be amply sufficient, not only to establish and maintain enc post

a reasonable time to

fulnl .her engagement, and they are h hh by cluing a high tree, ,nd h.d eonerallv ouite earnest oi themselves in ,t,: .J' ,. . .

their endeavors to put the guilty to death

in order to save an innocent person. This right of judging and taking satisfaction, being v ested in the family or tribe, is the

sole cause why their treaty stipulations never have been executed. A prisoner taken in war, is the property of the captor to kill or save, at the time of capture, and this right must be purchased. War Physic. When young men are going to war, they go into a sweat house made for the purpose, and remain there four days, arvd drink tea made of bitter roots. The fourth day they come out, have their knapsacks ready, and march. The knapsack is an old blanket, and contains some parched corn fiour, jerked meat, and leather to patch their mocasons with. The' have in their shot bags a charm, a protection against all ills, cab.

j " v . ipii ii.aiui.ig a tree that hung over, attempted to get upos it. At that moment an alligator of the larges size darted out of the water, seized the tiger, and dragged him back. This gave ther fisherman courage to look at this strange sight, and he witness of a combat between the t.r most iapacious animals of these countries. Six times the combatants appeared above the water, exerting their utmost efforts. The water was died with blood; sad the tiger which was seized by the alligator across ihe back, became at length the prey of the latter.

It is confidently stated thathnlf an ounce powdered brimstone will instantly extinguish a chimney on fire by being thrown upon burning coals on the hearth. The authorities of Savannah have prohibited the raising of rice near that city.