Indiana Palladium, Volume 1, Number 52, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 30 December 1825 — Page 1

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i-r VTvV -Ws. 9 -w -7 LVJaCity of rights is nature's flan And following nature is the march of man. Lario. A Volume I. LAWRENCEBURGII, INDIANA; FRIDAY, DECEMBER 30, 1825. Number 52.

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED i v

ItLGZLUGGS. D. V.CUIiXiZY,

open and unequivocal pirates. These ob-j crease of the transportation of the mail has; it title, but of equal or proportional exertion jects, during the present year, have been ac- exceeded one million five hundred thousand! in the same common cause. Of the cot of complished more etfectually than at any for- miles, annually; and that 1,040 new post j these undertakings, if the mere expenditures mer period. The African Slave Trade has oliices have been established. It hence ap-!of outfit, equipment, and comnletion nf 1

PRESWEXT'S MESSAGE. CONCLUDED. The portion of the Naval force of the Union in actual service, has been chiefly employed on three stations: The Mediterranean, the coasts of South America bordering on the Pacific Ocean, and the West Indies. An occasional cruiser has been sent to range along the African shores most polluted by the traffic of slaves: one armed vessel has been stationed on the coast ot our eastern boundary, to cruise along the fishinir grounds in Hudson's Bay, and on the coast of Labrador; and the first service oi a new frigate has been performed in restoring to his native soil, and domestic enjoyments, the veteran hero whose youthful blood and

treasure had freelv flowed in the cause of

our Country's Independence, and whose whole life had been a series of services and sacrifices to the improvement of his fellowmen. The visit of General Lafayette, alike honorable to himself and to our country, closed, as it had commenced, with the most affectionate testimonials of devoted attachment on his part, and of unbounded gratitude of his people to him in return. It will form, hereafter, a pleasing incident in the annals of our Union, giving to real history the intense history of romance, and signally marking the uupurchnsablc tribute of a great nation's social affections to the disinterested champion of the liberties of humankind. The constant maintenance of a small squadron in the Mediterranean is a necessary substitute for the humiliating alternative of paying tribute for the security of our commerce in that sea, and for a precarious peace, at the mercy of every caprice of four Barbary States, bv whom it was liable to be violated. An additional motive for keeping a respectable force stationed there at this time, is found in the rnaratimc war raging between the Greeks and the Turks; and in which the neutral navigation of this Union is always in danger of outrage and depredation. A few instances have occurred of such depredations upon our merchant vessels by privateers or pirates wearing the Grecian Hag, but without real authority- from the Greek or any other government. The heroic struggles of the Greeks themselves, in which our warmest sympathies as freemen and Christians have been engaged, ha e con

tinued to be maintained with vicissitudes of

success adverse Hi.d favorable.

Similar motives have rendered expedient

long been excluded from the use of our Hag;

and if some few citizens of our country have continued to set the laws of the Union, as well as those of nature and humanity, at defiance, by persevering in that abominable traffic, it has been only by sheltering themselves under the banners of other nations, less earnest for the total extinction ot the tiade than ours. The irregular privateers have within the last year, oecn in a great measure banished from those seas; and the pirates, for months past, appear to have been almost entirely swept awav from the borders and the shores of the two Spanish islands in those regions. The active, persevering, .and unremitted energy of Capt. Warrington, and of the officers and men under his command, on that trying and perilous service, have been crowned with signal success, and are entitled to the approbation of their country. But experience has shown, that not even a temporary suspension or relaxation from assiduity can be indulged on that station, without reproducing piracy and murder in all tiieir horrors; nor is it probaole that, for years to come, our immensely valuable commerce in those seas can navigate in security, without the steady continuance of armed force devoted to its protection. It were indeed a vain and dangerous illusion to believe, that, in the present or probable condition of human society, a commerce so extensive and so rich as ours, couid exist and be pursued in safety, without the continued support of a military marine, the only arm by which the power of this confederacy can be estimated or felt by foreign nations, and the only standing military force which can never be dangerous to our own liberties at home. A permanent Naval Peace Establishment, therefore, adapted to our present condition, and adaptable tothat eicantic Growth with which the nation is ad-i vancing in its career, is among the subjects: which have already occupied the foresight of the last Congress, and which will deserve your serious deliberations. Our Navy, commenced at an early period of our present political organization, upon a scale commensurate with the incipient energie?, the scanty resources, and the comparative indigence of our infancy, was, even then, found adequate to cope with all the powers of Barbary, save the first, and with one of the principal maratime powers of Europe. At a period of further advancement, but with little

accession of strength, it not onlv sustained

of more useful character may be opened, till the circulation of the mail shall keep pace with the spread of our population; and the comforts of friendly correspondence, the exchanges of internal trnllic and the lightof the periodical press, shall be distributed to the remotest corners of the Union at a charge scarcely perceptible to any individual, and without the cost of a dollar to the public treasury. Upon this first occasion of addressing the Legislature of the Union, with which I have been honored, in presenting to their view the execution, so far as it has been effected, of the measures sanctioned by them, for promoting the internal improvement of our ccuntrv, I cannot close the communication without recommending to their calm and persevering consideration the general principle in a more enlarged extent. The grea: object of the institution of civ il government, is the improvement of the condition of those who are parties to the social compact. And no government, in whatever form constituted, can accomplish the lawful ends of i is institution, but in proportion as it improves the condition of those over whom it is established. Roads and Canals, by multiplying and facilitating the communications and intercourse between distant regions, and multitudes of men are among the most important means of improvement. But moral, political, intellectual improvement, are duties assigned, by the author of our existence, to social, no less than to individual man. For the fulfilment of those duties, governments are invested with power; and, to the attainment of the end, the progressive improvement of the condition of the governed, the exercise of delegated power, is a duty as sa

cred and indispensible, as the usurpation of

power not granted is criminal and odious. Among the first, perhaps the very first instrument for the improvement of uie condition of men, is knowledge; and to the acquisition of much of the knowledge adapted to the wants, the comforts, and enjoyments of human life, public institutions and seminaries of learning are essential. So convinced of this w as the first of my predecessors in this office, now tirst in the memory, as, living he was first in the hearts of our

with honor the most unequal of conflicts. . country , that, once and .again, in his address-

pears, that, under judicious management, (expeditions, w ere to be considered the oi lv the income from this establishment may belcharges, it would be unworthy of a rrrpnf "t

renea on as luny aaequaic to ueiray its ex-jgenerous nation to take a second ih f

penses; and that by the discontinuance rfjOae hundred expeditions of circumnnvTo-a post roads, altogether unproductive, others tion, like those of Cook and La Pen uo

but covered itself and our country with un

fading clory. But it is only since the close

rn.- n r rPi . of the late war, that, by the number and

es to the Coi gresscs, with whom he co-operated in the public service, he earnestly re

commended the establishment of seminaries!

would not burden me exchequer of the nr.tion fitting them out, so mueb ns the m-;,aS and means of defra i -g a single company iu war. But, if we tak into the account" 'lie iives of those benefactors of mankind, of which iheir services in the cause of their species were the purchase, how shall the cost of those heroic enierprizes be estimated? And what compensation can bo made to them, or to their countries for them ? Is it not by hearing them in affectionate remembrance? j; not still more by imitating their example? B cabling cotjMtrv-' men of oar nun t0 purnie the ame career, and tohaz.-1-d theirlivcs i . the same cause? In inni. g iUc atJention of Conirr, -s to the subject of Lien rd Improvement uon a view thus enlaiv . i. is not mv dcVt; o recommend the c-,ur-r.. of ar. "expedition tor cirmmnav igatir-g tin g!-..be for pur; es ofscienthie reMrb a? d i t;ui;v. Woii,.v3 objects of usnfui i:nvs:igfnion rearer nome, and to widen nr cares mar be more be:.o ticiall) applied. The interior of our own territories lias vet been very imperfectly explored. Our coasts njo' g many decree of iattitude upon the sis rccf i he Pacific ocean, though much frequented by our spirited commercial navigators, have been barely visited Irv our public ships. The River of the West, first tully discovered and navigated by acountrvman of our own, still bears tiie name of the ship in which ht tc-dvd its waters, and claims the protection of '--ir armed uatier.nl liag at iis mouth. With hc establUhment of a military post there, or at some other point of that coast, rermm-'T-d-ed by my predecessor, and already m li u. ed, in the deliberations of the lay-t Cr;:;;:r: I would suggest the expediency of coi.nc i g the equipment of a public ship for ttfevjex ploration of the whole northwest coast "of & this continent. The cstabiisment of an uniform standard of Weights and Measures was one of the specific objects contemplated in the formation of our constitution, and to fix that standard was one of the powers delegated by express ierms, in that instrument to Congress. 'The governments of Great Britain and France have ecarueh cr.is.-d to be occupied vhii inquiries and speculations on the same subject, since the existence of our constitution, and with them it basexpanded into profound, laborious, and epa nsive researc hes into the

hgure ot the earth, and the

i.I.t and coiivuL-ivo character of the wari:"' ' , , ,t.,,m,u, u . ar,u .u, .. ... ..-.sl-iI-j,Cns:in m inc pfuwiulun. vibnidngsocom in ,r);., the shores, has been extended to the!' co,',d t,0?crv,1" 1 f ni,me 01 a Ni.,v'-. iet CR'S of peace and war-a national m.ivc-m-jvnrius latitudes fm, Ho VHMor to tho comets upon the ocean. An active war-!'1'.'" " l!'c sac organ.zaUoa as ly, and a m.l.tary academy.-utl. respect jlc. These ream, i.a. r.-s-.lted iu f uc has been kept up for years, with alter-jtvfn 11 consisted only of live fr.ga.cs. I he to the latter, had he lived to the present davvthe composition and pK-il, , , ..eveate ,cc-. thoUh cenerallv to the advan-l ru.,cs a,ld g"''0 !,,:,. , ,sgoven.-Jm turn.ng his eyes to the mst.tnt.on at West! ml works highly intoresii.-c - -,..c,se of ta-e of the American Patriots. But tbeirj0'1 "ntly call for revision, a; d tne wai.tjPo.nl, he would have enjoyed tne grat.i.ca-,ri(.pcc. The experiments ,., - . : i,, the

I l

naval forces have not always been under the ,'. " A . V" T TVVt " ; ; i . V . T 1 . , , t, . .,.,. ..proetS u. f.iu.hnuk p. mc m t'.em nave

c.,n...0l of their own iravernments. Block-Vu"7 r . 1 --r i " ' i i wnic i nas oeeu uonoren v. un heen recenuy made on oor own si'e . with- . , ov nrhnA Poi;!t- for the formation of scientific and ac-jus name, he would have seen the spot ot.h, the walls, of one ofouron cohc-e,. and

- . iJ c ; .nr,'j;nn''...v iinYO n complished ch-cers, is ielt with danj mcreas-jenrth, which he had destined and bequeath-! pari Jv Uy one of our own fellow uiz 1:1 iiicinics oi iniernaiioiuii n . . , , . i . !.. .

proclaimed bv cfticers in command; and:

thou-h disavowed hv the supreme authori-l The act of Congress of the 2Cth 3hi

tie- the protection of our own commerce auu-ioi tzmg an e.v.innn.tuon .mu mii,,,;:,ci t,om ha been made cause of com- v-" of lhe harbor of Charleston, in Southj

nbint nnH of erroneous imputations upon I Carolina, of

k,oi. of the most irallant officers of our na- (!ie coa?l oi 1

vv.

1

. it

( oinn . nnts eonaliv irroun

dless

bave(has been executed so far as the appropria

hcen made' by the commatiders of the Span-; tion would admit. 'I hoscof the 3d ot March hh toval forces in those seas; but the most'hiM. authoiizing the establishment of a ia.iv'p nrotection to cur commerce bashy Yard and Depot on ihe Coast of Florida,

!een the flag, and the firmness of our own commanding officers. The cessation of the war, by the "complete triumph of the Patriot cause, has rernoved.it is hoped, all cause of distention with one party, and all vestige of force of the other. But an unsettled coast of many degrees of Iattitude, forming a part of our own territory, and a flourishing commerce and fishery, extending to the islands of the Pacific and to China. stiH require that tthf protecting power of the Union should 'be displayed under its flag, as well upon the ocean as upon t'nf land. The objects of the West India squadron have been to carry into execution the laws for the suppression of the African Slave Trade: for the protection of our commerce against vessels of piratical character, though hearing commissions from either oi the belligerent parties: for its protection against

-1 1 A 1 1 1 i A l" I ' . ' lilt II

eo 10 ine use ana oeneut oi nis eouniry, as j would no nonoraoie ! onr fount ry ii t.e the site for an university, still bare and bar-; sequel of the same experiments should be rcn. countenanced by the pairo: ai;e of our c:-,-In assuming her station amorse the civil- vernmcnf, as they have hitln-rro been by

St. Mary's in Georgia, and ofiizcd nations of the earth, it would seem thatj those of France and Britain. Florida, and for other purposes,! our country had contracted the engagement! Connected with the establishment of art

to contribute her share ot mind, ot labor and Ijr iversity. or separated from it. mih: lie. of expense, to tiie improvement of those parts; undertaken the erection of an a-t? onooof ii of knowledge which lie beyond the leach of.observatory, with provision for the su; r ft individual acquisition; and particulaiiy to;of an astronomer, to be in constant aue igeographical and astronomical science. dance of observation upon the piienom-: a Looking hack to the history only of the lialfjof the heavens, and for the periodical poi iicentury since the declaration of our inde-jcation of his observe! ions. It is who no pendence, and observing the generous emu-jfoeling of pride, as an American, (ha; the lation with which thegovernmentsol France,; remarks nry be made, hnf, on the compa-

reat Britain, and Russia, have devoted thejratively smnil territorial surface of Europe, .1 .ill- Al l. '.! ' A ' 1 ' .I

genius, the intelligence, ine ireaMiies oi mere are exis. mi; upwards ot lou o! these

in the Gulf of Mexico, and authorizing the

building of ten sloops of war, and for other purposes, are in the course of execution: for the particulars of w hich, and other ob

jects connected with this Department, I rc-

ler to the Report of the becretary ot tne iNavv, herewith communicated. A report from the Post Mas'er General is also submitted, exhibiting the present flourishing condition of that Department. For the first time for many years, the receipts for the year ending on the 1st of .July last, exceeded the expenditures during the same period, to the amount of more than la.OOO dollars. Other facts equally creditable to the administration of the department, are. that, in two vears from the first of Jul v, 1 C;3, an improvemernent of more than 1 Sa,000 dollars in its pecuniary n (lairs has been

realized 5 that in the same interval the in-

their respective nations, to the common im-Jigbt houses of the skies; while throughout

provement of the species in these nraucnesjthc whole Arnertcan hemisphere, tin-re is of science, is it not incumbent upon ustoin-'not one. If we reflect a moment upoi the quire, whether we are not bound, by obli-: discoveries which in the las four centuries gations of a high and honorable character,; havo been made in the physical constitution to contribute our portion of energy and ex- of the universe, by the means of these builertion to the common stock? The voyages dings and of observers satior.pd in them,

of discovery, prosecuted in the course of that shall we doubt of their nscfuh ess to every

time, at the expense ot those nations, have nation? And while scarcely a Near pass's

not only redounded to their glory, but to the improvement of human knowledge. We have been partakers of that improvement, nnd owe for it a. sacred deb, not only of grat-

ovcr our heads without bringing some newastronomical discoveries to lijjht, which we must fain receive at second hand from Europe, a re w c n o t c u 1 1 i n g ou rsel ve s off from t he