Indiana Palladium, Volume 1, Number 48, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 2 December 1825 — Page 1

Equality of rights is nature's plan And following nature, is the march of .man. Barlozc.

Volume I.

LAWRENCEBURGII, INDIANA; FRIDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1323.

Number 48.

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY ffi. GREGG & D. V. CULZ.EY, OjY every frida y.

From the New York Statesman. LETTERS FROM EUROPE. No. XXIV. London, 15th August, 1825.

The writer of these letters having, in several of the preceding numbers, been engaged in giving quite an interesting descrip

tion of Westminster Abbey, continues the

description in the number which is now be

fore us, from which we make the following

extract:

I have not yet done with Westminster Abbey. Around the Choir of the Church,

hung with the banners of those who have been knighted during the present reign, arnounting to a hundred or more, there is a succession of small, ancient chapels, filled with curious monuments; and royal families lyin in 6tate. The principal of these is de

nominated the Chapel of Henry the Vllth,

bv whom it was built for himsell and family. He ordained, that none but those of Royal

blood should be admitted into the sacred

cemetery. Even the living are not permit

ted to visit this and the neighboring parts of

the Abbey, unaccompanied by a guide, who

hurries the visitant from one group to an

others in such rapid succession as to afford

no time for examination, and to produce a chaos of ideas. This rigid prohibition has

been adopted, in consequence of the mutilations which have been committed by visitants. Mary Queen of Scots, who sleeps m white marble beneath a spend id canopy, hps lost nearly all her fingers. Some of the monuments have been treated still worse.

In that to the memory of Major Andre, the relief statues of Washington and Putnam have been beheaded. Many of the kings are in bronze, and sometimes an eye, or the nose, is scraped bright, shamefully disfiguring the countenance. I endeavoured to obtain of the keeper a dispensation of the rule

in my favor, with assurances that no depredations would be committed; but he was inexorable, and after pnying two shillings for walking twice around the circuit, 1 was compelled to leave the royal groups io their repose, with but a slight knowledge of the monumental honours, which adorn their tombs. This circumstance was the more

or of insects. By using glass hives of vari- into queens, since they succeeded in procurous constructions, and with the help of mag- ingqueens, by operating on the worms which nifying glasses, he was enabled to observe we ourselves had selected. It is equally all their habits, the manner of constructing demonstrated, that the success of the operatheir cells, of laying their eggs, and of nour- tion does not depend on the worms being ihin their young, three days old, as those intrusted to the bees

And justly the wise man thus preached to us all, were only two.

The Houc of Lords is but little superior Despise not the value of things that are small but one royal bee remains in the hive a.

. . ; .: tUT-Wnfrnmrnons. TKic noo nf Hpp mav he ronsidnrrd a limc- a lie omtJin icau awu swaini, ui

IP ItSGimcilbluin iv. .uu xxrr. . . TfU in nprwnnl nnrmintors. "Tim

U U however, finished and turmshed in net- under three characters the queen, the - "V: ' yv: .

gimies fcowrm. and the drones all distinguished ny - & , '.u A i . r i

.i i 1 4lA .i i i jK. -AI il J "CO 1 L'LIL'U Willi UH3 SUU Ctl, 13 UIIU u

of cotton, covered wun rea cioui, iiuu uu tneir structure, ana dv me oiiitt& mu ui- . i i 1 v;,rtMf Ol cuiiuu, ui-i ...... ' : . . " ., mnit rnrimic. norhnn?. in thf whole ftlStorV

I." mx'O I 1. ' I ' U twin i a nnflffr inrr t no I 'v't - . - " - i 1" 7 ,'

VI 11113 I) VJ1IU I 1111 jviv- f v.

left of the Speaker) is ordered into theXo6by, a dark narrow recess which would not accommodate one half of the members

of that body, who usually assemble at

Albanv. Its entrance is stainea wiui uie blood of Pcrcival, who was shot by an assas

sin several years since

at the corners with cords of yellow sill

. , l ,Tnn ,i-o Tlior farmLK K-. ivmktj n-.nr-'i cVrrtrr in nrn.ul Ulla

tho room a nov ci iuiuu cuiv-v. , "muicis, uiu ti umih ... r. , .

an easy scat; and io render his position less portion , her si,e. not reaching far beyond I - -' - 1 tiresome, the Lord Chancellor has caused a he middle of her bodv.-Her legs arc ye - - "tiy''to 'L 5

temporary ie&i ui l( nu . u y - " fcclK. aware of thc approaching deadly con-

iiiii?1. j. i i p""i? 1 . , " ,.,,u-ltlict, and willing to prompt their Amazonian

aigniiai.u.u!, t 70 ' 1 j'i. v..v. j?iU: t rui u v --v.. jj-i.vv.iv, lV.riZ.rt Jchieftains to battle; for, as often as thc

oas. in ironi u.u imu.iu, i ui num Uiai sue can ucwsnj "'' V - nueens show a disinclination tofiVht or seem - u: ;ncf,: Kv Krocc mllmrr i.i if crt . f.r -Pro elm ?n i p-1 snow a a ismc ! uiauon io ugiu, or seem

any seat puuu, u.ajij o ia , - " , - - - j incd to rccC(Ie from cnch othcr or to fly

l lie roiOiiuiiuii 1.111m, i r' v-omif j

IlUiUJU .13 initial "v.. rr.. j , mmPf nto r cnrroi.rwl -irirl

hey, is less guarded, and a repabhean may caslon, sl;c would soon lose .Land I'"' cause t9i' them; but, when eitficr combatant shows sit down and rest in it, if he ciiooses. A her death. Bees hve but lew dajs after ' f. h fa ; ,t i"ht of the throne inspired us with as little osmi: their stmqs. i i c A 4 1

is the oniv mother 01 all. sne , , - . ,

awe as the scentrc. It is a pretty canopy, The queen

gome ten or twelve feet hieh, supported bviis exceedingly proline. Mie contains at

-Ti - . m 1 .iii'M1 1 1 iinvr nci's.

pillars in front, highly gilt, and hung with time about live thousand eggs. 1 nese she a,)ou crimson tapestry, heavy with ornaments of deposites singly in the cells. In the course ' ''.i fn ' rtirin limps1 Ul J iivi, ill pii.1 ill

COIU. I IIO &TOUU ltvi I CI ULSU Vl ll liv.l Ol nit; Mill MIL' I Mil: JlC I vyi uiil i.iwv..-, . . . . , . weight of its fold, and uncovered the and thus produces ten or twelve thousand Z?effi& chair for our inspection. His masesU has vouner ones. , . .u r r i u i. i j w & -..u.im and to excite the fury of the combatants. ' never occupied it but on one occasion. I he It is the otlice of thc drones or males to im- - . ,

strange that those bees, who in general show

the safety of their

particular circumstance?.

. r l-X.:..- ' 1 --

sp.nf nf M unfortunate nueen. when she was nrofnafo thrsft es. bv denositincr on them ucc, piiiiLUiau int. iaujuiLib, iwvt

- vi. i . ... . j " 7 J 1 I. t ... .

a criminal at the bar of the house, was point-hiauid substance. They are first hatched been celebrated by natural historians, lor

cd out to us, as also the obscure door by into the forms of worms, and continue to their wisdom and industry, "in the forma

a onnrAn.iin,i. rinv nftpr nv f mpitkt ..r r, f 1 1 n mofnmnmhnspH into tion oi ineir comos, oees seem to resolve a

V.1111.1J rill. C 1 1 UHVliVU 7 J - - Oll V lllllll tt-H-J j... her trial. bees. There are two or three hundred

The exterior of these buildings is even male bees or drones in each hive, and but

less striking than thc inside. They are sur- one female. Students of Natural History,

rounded bv others of equal height, and al-1 with all their experiments and sagacit)

though they stand upon the immediate bank have not been able, satisfactorily, to dcter-

of the Thames, no part of them is visible mine whether

or not, the drones arc instru

irom the water, except a small turret upon mental iurthcr thnn impregnating tnc eggs

thc House of Lord, and Gothic gable end with their liquid substance. After the sca-

of the House of Commons. An English au- ?on of swarming, when the drones have per-

diencc would be surprised at the magnifi- formed this dike, they are all inhumanly

cencc of the legislative halls at Washington, massacred by the working bees, as useless

On Sunday, we went to church at Yv lute members of societ Mr. liuber piaced

Hall Chapel, where the Duke of York and hives on glass tables, and was thus enabled

his roval guards attend. It is in the vicini- to sec distinctly what passed in them. When

tv of the military and naval ofhees. A splcn- the season arrived in winch the drones were

did canopy is erected in thc gallery for his no longer useful, he witnessed the most fu-

gracc, who was at Brighton, and we there- rious slaughter. 1 he working bees would

fore did not see him. It cost us a shilling thrust their stings into the drones with such

regretted, since the interdicted apartments Among the flags which adorn the w An Inm i . rl nc i rr i nc if WflC n lltll

i.i'iiiiiiu t uuji, ui uuiu iTiuusiiuiu, L.lLt:u upon an elevated tribunal, a volume of law in one hand, and thc steelyards of justice, in the other; as also a pretty allegorical group, in memory of Charles James Fox. The loss of a nearer inspection of full length likeness

es of Nelson, Chatham, Queen Elizabeth,

and other distinguished personages, m rr.r, was not so severely felt; for it appeared to mc, that such figures were much more suitable tor n sixpenny museum, than for thc cloisters of Westminster Abbey.

At thc close of our second" visit to this is also an American flag, taken at Fort Ni-

place, we went to Westminster Hall, thejagara; another, at Queenstown ; and sevcrHoitseofCommons, and the House of Lords,jal, at Detroit all well assorted, and pomall in the same pile of buildings, on the oth- pously displayed under their respective !a-

er side of the street, onnosite to the Poet's be!s.

Corner. The Hall is spacious, with an arched ceiling, said to be the largest in Europe, unsupported by beams; Its effect on the eye is entirely destroyed by thc temporary shanties, or olliccsof unpainted boards, erected at one end, and along the walls. Mr.

Simpson can furnish at the Park Theatre a

each for a scat, and more than a shilling's

worth of patience to listen to adull discourse, delivered in a monotonous, sing song tone.

vails ot

this church, as trophies, it was a little amusing to find two in a conspicuous place, directly in front of the Duke of York's canopy, under thc label of New-Orleans," printed in capitals. One of them bore the image of the eagle, and the device of thc other could not be distinctly seen. They are said to have been taken in a skirmish on the right bank of the Mississippi ; but one would suppose the name would not revive

very pleasant associations in the breast of

his Grace, or of the British nation. 1 here

BEES. Thc variety of bees (apes) is great. With the exception of the silk-worm, no insect is more serviceable to man than thc common honey-bee and none whose history is studied with greater assiduity and satisfaction.

more splendid and suitable room, for theiTheir habits and doings appear to be sub-

Coronation feast, than estminstcr Hallpccts almost as mexnaustible as those oi the now affords. Our guide pointed out thc j lords of the lower world. And from the places, where his majesty sat, the champions! fact that we discover so much of the resemrode, and other scenes of the regal ceremo-j bianco of wisdom, forethought, and what nv. His particularity how ever afforded us secrr.s like even thc deductions of reason.

little gratification.

The House of Commons is a small, plain and very limi insisnificant room, in which one of our stateicomes doubly

legislatures would hardly deign to convene. Its floor and side galleries are both appropriated to the members, and wiil not then accommodate the whole number. In front of the speaker's chair, which resembles a watchman's box, there is a dark, contracted gallery for spectators. The ranges of bench

es are covered with green, and the table for

the clerks, blocks up the area in front of the

Speaker. Some of the seats of the great men of the day were designated by the guide. When a question is taken, one side or the

other, (the opposition always occupying the

where we expected to find nothing but blind

imitcd instinct, the subject be-

mtcresting;

The peasant observing sonic of the habits

of the bee, will moralize and set before his

son thc strongest incentives to imitate this little creatnre in all its industrious and provident care. But it is the student ofNatural History, who, spending years in watching them, and in trying various experiments, discovers their secret actions, the passions which sway them, and the causes which often introduce confusion, anarchy, and death.

M. Huber, and many othcr philosophers of

Europe, have spent the greater part of their

lives in studying the subject ot entomology

violence, that it was difficult to extricate

them. If thc impregnation of the queen has been retarded, or she by some accident has been killed, thc males are spared until they moke another queen. This power of ihaking a queen is one of the most curious phenomena in nature. When they find that they have lost their queen, they appear to be in thc greatest distress and confusion; suspending all labour, they select a few eggs, which by the ordinary management, would produce working bees, they by some peculiar

(attention convert them into queen bees.

This is something more than a mere selection; it is giving a different form almost entirely different creatures. They enlarge the cells in which tire royal eggs arc deposited, and supply the hatched worms more copiously with food. "I put," says M. Huber, "some pieces of comb, with some workers eggs, in thc cells, and of the same kind of thoe al

ready hatched, into a hive deprived of the queen. The same day several cells were enlarged by thc bees, and converted into roval cells, and the worms supplied with a thick bed of jelly. Five were then removed from those cells, and five common worms, which, 48 hours before we had seen come from the egg, substituted for them. The bees did not seem aware of the change; they watched over thc new worms the same as over those chosen by themselves; they con

tinued enlarging the cells, and closed them

at the usual time. When they had brooded on them (for such seems to beM. Huber's opinion) for seven days, we removed the cells

to see the queens that were to be produced.

Two were excluded, almost at the same mo

ment, of the largest size, and well formed in

every respect. The term of the other cells having elapsed; and no queen appearing, we

opened them. In one was a dead queen, but still a nymph: the other two were emp

ty. The worms had spun their silk coccoons,

but died beiore passing into their uymphmc

state, and presented only a dry skin.' 1 can

conceive nothing more conclusive than this experiment. It demonstrates that bees have

the power of converting worms of worker?

problem which would not be a little puzzling to some geometers, namely a quavuy of wax being given, to make of it equal and similar cells of a determined capacity, but of the largest size in proportion to the quantity of matter employed, and disposed ir such a manner as to occupy in the hive the least possible space. Eveiy pari of this proMorr is completely executed by the bees. By applying hexagonal cells to each other's sides, no void spaces are left between them; and, though the same ends might be accomplished by ether figures, yet they wonld nce sarily require a greater quantity of wax Besides, hexagonal cells are better fitted to receive the cylindrical bodies of these in

sects. A comb consists of two strata of cells applied to each other's ends; This arrangement both saves room in the hive,' and it gives a double entry into the cells of which thc comb is composed. As a further saving of wax, and preventing void spaces, the base of these cells in one stratum of a comb serve for bases of the opposite stratum. In a wordj thc more minutely the construction of these? cells is examined, the more will the admiration of the observer be excited. The walls of the cells are so extremely thin, that their mouths would be in danger of suffering hy the frequent entering and issuing of thc bees. To prevent this disaster, they make, a kind of ring round the margin of each cell and this ring is three or four times as thick as the walls." Srncllie: They make use oftheir teeth in modelling their cells. Bv repeated strokes with tr.-em they reduce the sides of their cells to a proper thinness, harden and polish them. The eagerness with which the; perform their la

bor, and thc economv in the management of

their wax, afford a pleasing sight. The yellow substance, with which the legs of bees are often loaded, is not honey, as is common

ly supposed, but is the farina which they collect from the anthers and tlowers of plants. With this yellow duct the bees make wax. The honey is sucked directly from the flow

ers and deposited in the honey-bladders con

tained in the abdomen. When the bees return to the hive, they eject the honey Yroiri the bladder into the cells. Tiiose bees, how-

ever, which have been laboring in the hive, and consequently hungry, are fed before

the honey is put into the cells. This is done in the same manner that pigions feed their

young; by putting their mouths together

ana uiscnargmg irom one to the other.

This is a Beater. The editor of the "Bridgeport Courier" says he has been presented with a Beet, of the scarcity species; weighing 14 pounds which beats all the Beets he has heard of this season.

An apple tree, in Greensborough, West Chester county, N. Y. is stated to have produced this seaton, seventy five bushels of fruit-