Indianapolis Recorder, Indianapolis, Marion County, 14 October 2005 — Page 26

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FRIDAY, OCTOBER 14, 2005

THE INDIANAPOLIS RECORDER

PAGE C8

MAMA’S BOYZ by JERRY CRAFT

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Interracial marriages on the increase

By JIM LOBE Special to the NNPA From IPS/GIN

WASHINGTON (NNPA) - The number of interracial marriages in the United States increased more than 10-fold between 1970 and 2000, according to a new report which concludes that U.S. attitudes towards interracial dating and marriage have undergone a "sea of change” over the past generation. Owing in part to increased immigration and higher education levels, the percentage of interracial couples grew from under 1 percent in 2000 to more than 5 percent of the estimated 57 million couples recorded in the 2000 Census, according to the report by the Washington-based Population Reference Bureau (PRB). That translated into an increase from roughly 300,000 interracial couples in 1970 to 1.5 million in 1990 to more than 3 million in 2000, according to the 36-page report, "New Marriages, New Families: U.S. Racial and Hispanic Intermarriage.” That trend, which shows no sign of slackening, suggests that the United States is shifting increasingly from a "salad bowl” - where racial groups maintain their separate identities and resist marrying outside their groups - to an updated "melting pot,” where they are far more open to relations, including marriage, with people of a different race. And interracial marriage means more hi- or even multiracial children. Of the 281 million people enumerated in the 2000 Census, more than 2.4 percent, or 7 million people, reported "multiple race,” a figure that PRB suggested probably understates the actual number. The 2000 Census was the first in which the "multiple race” category was listed as an option for respondents to check, along with 15 other categories, including 11 Asian and Pacific subgroups. The "melting pot” metaphor became even more popular years ago when advertising executives on Madison Avenue remade the image of "Betty Crocker,” a brand name of General Mills Inc., according to Rochelle Stanfield, writing in The National Journal. "The Betty portrait is now in its eighth incarnation since the first composite painting debuted in 1936 with pale skin and blue eyes,” she wrote in 2000. "Her new look is brown-eyed and dark-haired. She has a duskier complexion than her seven predecessors, with features representing an amalgam ofwhite, Hispanic, Indian, African and Asian ancestry. In fact, a computer created Betty in the mid-1990s "by blending photos of 75 diverse women.”

For purposes of the new PRB study, intermarriage is defined as interracial - that is, between people from different racial groups, including white (75 percent of the total population), Black (12 percent), Asian and Pacific Islander (4 percent), American Indian (1 percent), "some other race” (almost all Hispanics) (6 percent), or multiple race (2 percent) - or interHispanic - which applied to individuals of Hispanic origin who married a non-Hispanic partner. Those who identified themselves as Hispanics, who could also choose any race, constituted a total of 13 percent of the total. (Not all Hispanics chose the some other race [SOR] category.) Aside from the more than five-fold increase in the percentage of interracial married couples, key findings of the report included: • The typical interracial couple is a white person with a non-white spouse, while intermarriage between two people from minority racial groups is relatively infrequent. • Whites and Blacks have the lowest intermarriage rates, while American Indians, Hawaiians, and multiple-race people have the highest. Asians and SOR people fall inbetween. • Black men are more likely to intermarry than Black women, while Asian women are more likely to intermarry than Asian men. Men and women from other racial groups, on the other hand, are equally likely to intermarry. • About one-fourth of Hispanic couples are interHispanic, a rate that has been fairly stable since 1980. • Younger and better-educated people in the U.S. are more likely to intermarry than older and less-educated citizens. • U.S.-born Asians and Hispanics and for-eign-born whites and Blacks are more likely to intermarry than foreign-born Asians and Hispanics and U.S.-born whites and Blacks. • Between 1970 and 2000, the number of children living in interracial families increased nearly fourfold - from 900,000 to 3 million, while the number in interHispanic families increased nearly three-fold, from 800,000 to 2 million. The study noted that changes in racial attitudes over the last 30 years clearly played a major role in the mushrooming of interracial marriages, which were illegal in most states at the end of the 19th century. As recently as 1945, the Legislature of California which, next to Hawaii, has become the country’s most multiracial state, passed a law that banned marriage between whites and Negroes, mulattos, Mongolians (which included Chinese and Japanese), and Malays.

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