Indianapolis Recorder, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 November 1908 — Page 1
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Vol-XIl No. 18
A. Weekly Newspaper Devoted to the Best Intei'estr. of the Negroes of Indiana INDIANAPOLIS. INDIANA SATURDAY. NOVEMBER 7 !90&
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Duties of the President
Makers
Methods Followed by the Electoral College In Choosing the Chief Executive and Vice President—Development of a System That Has Been the Center of Various Momentous Disagreements.
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By raiDcnic:; n. toombS. HAT things nre not always what ■ they seem is very well exempli- £ tieii by the manner in whLh the An.erienn people ele. t their j resident an 1 \ iee | resilient. If you were to tell the average experieiieiHl voter that he has never legally and tcvhni allv votwl for either a presi dent or a vice president he would probably il.’.ss you with the people who still believe the enrih is tint like a paueake. The fact that a candidate for the preside:: y ii named at a national convention *:ud that his name is placed at the top of the ballot on election day lias no relation whatever to the eon stitutional | revi ions regulating the inode of < boosing a president. The name of the president or vi e presi dent would be left off the ballot if the actual intention of the framers of the constitution were followed, and in spite of the "unwritten law” which has developed the placing « f the national candidates’ rantes c.n the ballot it is in an actual legal sense done only ns a gride to the voter t.» iadi ate in a simple a d effective manner what set < f members of the elect* ral col lege hi* i; to vote for. The electoral cAlleg*. composed of prominent partisans termed electors ::: d v !i se inttre.s appear on ballots in iintlor.nl c!e tlms. has be ome a s -rt of fifth wheel, a n class appendix, in
Tailon. After election the electors on the winning ticket are reiiuired to meet at some place designated by the legislature of the state on tin* second Monday in January and then and there cast their vote by ballot for president and vi e president, one of which national candidates at least shall not be n. resident ef the same state as the ’lectors themselves. As a result there never will lx* a national ticket made ap of two men from the same state, fer the elect' ral vote of the Candidates* state w< nld he lost to them. At the appointed time and place each body of ole* ters makes up a list of all the candidates iis members have for president and vice president, with the number of votes ea h receives. Kvery member of the college signs and certifies the list, the governor of the state certifies it. and the report is transmitted to the president of the I nlted States senate. Both houses of congress assemble In the ohainl>cr of the lower house on .he second Wednesday of February. The electoral votes are then counted, and the president of the senate then nnnoun es the result. If any person lias re eived a majority of all the votes cast for president he is announced to • > elected president, and a candidate for vice president must also receive a majority of all vote's cast for that office to be elected. Should a tie occur in the eh* t< ral I vote the house of rcprcsentaflvcs
rOUXTING THE ELECTORAL VOTE IN THE HALL OF REPRESENTATIVES.
fact, owing to a radical change in the theory of government in this republic. Each state has as many electors and electoral votes as it has members in the senate and the house of repreKentatives, and these men were originally intended to exercise their own initiative in voting for president and vice president after the election of their ticket at the polls. When the electors were given constitutional existence it was never designed that they should ever act as a unit, according to their party affiliations. That is exactly what they do today and have done for a century. Each elector Is today In honor bound and pledged to cast ids vote In the electoral college for the presidential candidate at the head of his party column. How to Secure the Presidency. Each state having a definite number of electoral votes, it becomes the object of the heads of presidential tickets to carry a larger number of states or the states having the largest number of electoral votes rather than to obtain the votes of the largest number of the citizens of the country, for, as readily seen. It Is possible for a presidential candidate to receive more individual votes than any opponent and yet lose the presidency. This has occurred twice In the history of the country. The constitution (article 11 and amendments and article 12) prescribes the number of electors and the particular manner in which they shall perform their duties, but the states have absolute power In designating the method of their appointment, and congress names the time when they shall be chosen and the day on which they shall formally meet to cast their votes. Method of Election. The electors ore chosen the first Tuesday after the first Monday In November every four years, on presidential election day, in every state in the
elects the president, voting by states, each state having one vote. When a tie occurs for vice president it is the senate that has the privilege of deciding the question. Votes Cast at State Capitals. The successful electors of each state invariably meet at their capital to cast their votes. Three copies of the result are made, one being mailed to the president of the senate (vice president), the second being dispatched to Washington by a trusted messenger, and the third as a precautionary measure is deposited in care of the federal judge of the circuit in which the electors meet. The copies received by the president of the senate are preserved In a specially constructed safe and additional!}’ protected by an elaborate system of burglar alarms. When the president of the senate receives the sealed envelopes from the messengers containing the certified votes he delivers to them a receipt couched In tin* following guarded and noncommittal terms:
Vice President's Chamber, Senate United States. Washinston, D. C.. . 1909. Received of . claiming to be a messenger to deliver the same, a sealed package purporting to contain a certificate of the votes given for president and vice president of the United States by electors of the state of . alleged to have been elected Nov. 3, 1S08. * CHARLES W. FAIRBANKS. Vice President of the United States T and President of the United States Senate.
Next to the thrusting aside of the system in which the chosen electors exercised their individual choice foi president and vice president the great eat change from the original constitutional provisions Is probably thai
A Nations Problems 1 ‘ We are arrivin ^ at ° Qr des 'tiny, which will be to find that all
shuv. ii in tue l itter Cay mode of electing the \ ice pre. - idem. In the first nmium‘1 ele lions held the man receiving the largest number of votes in the ele.toral college became president, while the mnu who got the second largest number of votes became vi e president regardless of party. Thus la the early days of our country we had a president from one party and a vice president from another. That system was terminated, however, at the opening of th>* last century, and today t\iere is but the remotest possibility that the vice president will be of a different party than the president. There is one phase of the electoral system that has been attracting considerable attention of late. That is th*Inequitable degree of representation had by various states in the electoral college. Some states have far greater proportionate representation than others in respect to population. Thus the citizens of those states so favored have a larger voice in the choosing of a president and vice president than the voters of less fortunate states. For instance. seventeen states can lie grouped having a total popular vote of practically the same as that of Now York, yet the electoral votes of these seventeen states are almost twice those of New York in number. Nevada, with a popular vote of 12.000 in 1004, has three electoral votes, or one to about every 4.000 voters. Indiana, with a popular vote of <382,000 in 1004, has only fifteen electoral votes, or one to every 43.400 voters. New York Is another unfortunate state in this respect, having one electoral vote to every 41,400 voters. Adopted after a prolonged and imbittered dispute In the famous constitutional convention of 1787 in Philadelphia. the electoral college system has since its inception boon the center of various momentous disagreements. When Washington was first elected to the presidency the legislatures of New York and New Hampshire were torn by dissensions which reached so far that no electors were chosen, and I Washington consequently did not receive any votes from either of these states. At the second election, however, Washington received the unanimous vote of all the electors. Notable Historical Episode. At the second election Jefferson and Burr appeared as candidates. Kentucky giving the former four votes and South Carolina giving the latter one. At the third election they appeared again and this time much more prominently. Jefferson receiving <38 votes and Burr 30. John Adams, with a vote of 71. just one over the requisite majority, carried off the presidency, and Jefferson became vice president. North Carolina. Pennsylvania and Virginia eaeh gave Adams one vote, giving Jefferson the rest, and these three scattering votes made Adams president. At the fourth election Jefferson and Burr appeared again, and the vote in the electoral colleges was a tie, 73 each, which led to the famous election by the house, an episode occupying a prominent place in American history. In 1825 there was another election by the bouse. For president Andrew Jackson bad 90 electoral votes, John Quincy Adams 84. William H. Crawford 41 and Henry Clay 37, and, neither candidate having a majority, it devolved upon the house to choose a president from the three highest. The election came off on Feb. 9, 1823, and on the first ballot Adams was elected— for Adams, 13 states; for Jackson, 7; for Crawford, 4. In this election Clay threw his vote to Adams, who in turn made him secretary of state, and the resultant cry of bargain and sale ruined the great Kentuckian’s presidential prospects. A Celebrated Controversy. The celebrated Samuel J. Tilden-Ruth-erford B. Hayes controversy occurred in 1876. A violent partisan dispute arose over the electoral votes of Florida, Louisiana, Oregon and South Carolina. The entire matter was referred by congress to an electoral commission composed of eight Republicans and seven Democrats. As a result by a strict party vote 185 electoral votes were awarded to Hayes and 184 to Tllden; Some of the supporters of Mr. Tllden became so aroused over the decision that they openly talked of “taking Tllden to Washington and seating him anyhow,”* and threats of bringing about a civil war were bruit-
ed about.
The ablest men of the newly born United States founded the electoral college, choosing a system that was but one of a dozen advanced for the purpose of deciding the presidency and vice presidency. To Alexander Hamilton is given most of the credit for bringing about the adoption of the system as originally created by the constitution. Hamilton devoted the paper known as the "LXVIII Federalist” to the subject of the presidential election, and in It he urged many forcible reasons showing the advantage of submitting the choice to an Independent body of men. Among other things he said: “It is equally desirable that the immediate election should be made by men most capable of analyzing the qualities adapted to the station and acting uu dor circumstances favorable to delib oration and to a judicious combina tion of all reasons and inducements that were proper to govern this choice. “A small number of persons selected by their fellow citizens from the gen eral mass will be most likely to pos sess the information and discernment requisite to so complicated an inves
tigation.”
George Washington was chairman of the convention, and active parts were taken *>y sv h men as Benjamin Franklin. Jaraes Madison, John Dick inson of New Jersey, Pinckney of South Carolina, Alexander Hamilton
and others.
NEW YORK FOR TAFT AND HUGHES
Bepub!icG;i tlatior.3] end State Tickets Win.
Metropolis Gives Its Vote to Republican Presidential Candidate for the First Time Since McKinley Carried It in 1CC6.—Buffalo Has Gone Democratic, but Other Cities Are Repub lican—Next Lejjisiatcre V/ill Be Republican— Governor Kugkes Expresses Gratification at Lccult cf
Election.
New York, Nov. 4.—A3 the result of Tuesday’s election New York state's thirty-nine electoral votis will be cast for William IL Taft and James S. Sherman. Loth the Republican national and sta'e tickets are victorious. Cl.as I E. Hughes being re-elected governor. Greater Niw York. h::s gone Repub lican for the first time since LS93 Reports from all parts of the stab ind’eate that the vote was heavy, tne efforts of both gubernatorial candi dates to bring out the ballots being rewarded with success. Moth the old parties polled full votes, their strength r ot being seriously affect* d by the In dependence. Social'st and other minor parties. Shearn, Independence party candidate tor governor, ran ahead of Wanhope, the Socialist nominee. Gov* rnor Regius came down to the city from up-state with an indicated plurality of about 121,000. Chanler’s plural ty south of High Bridge was approximately <8.000. The vote of two y* ars ago was increased by about 150.000; ChanI' r surorised tire Democratic lead- rs by an unexpecUdly large vole in the rural districts but lost trein* ndfoisly in the c ; ty of Gr ater New York, win re his followers bad expected at lea p 100,000 plurality. MISSOURI MIGHTY CL03I Eighteen Electoral Votes Hang in the
Dalanee.
SI. Louh. Nov. 5.—Returns compiled this morung from every county in the state give Bryan a lead over Taft in .Missouri of 07 vot< s. Complete returns frem certain m-ssing precincts may change tin* result one way or another, and it is probable that the official count alone can d“termine wheth or Missouri has given its eighteen electoral vot*s to Mrvan or to Taft The same tab!' s which give Lryan a • lead of <>7 vot< s. give Hadb y for governor a Lad of 15.148. making his elec tion ove r \Y. S. C jwln rd an absolute Cnrta'nty. Tl.'s is tin* first time in nearly thirty-five \<ars that Misosuri has elected a Republican governor Indications still are that the D* mocrats will control the legislature on joint balot by four or five votes. . Maryland. Baltimore. Nov. 4.—Maryland’s split electoral vote of four years ago, seven Democratic and one Republican, is this year solidly Republican. The election is close. Mr. Taft’s plurality being un der 200. The Democrats have gained one congressman. The state delega tion in the Sixty-first congress will contain three Democratic representatives ami three Republicans. This city has gone Democratic by a close vote
Texas. Austin, Tex.. Nov. 4.—-William H Taft did not make as good a showing in this as President Roosevelt, who polled 51.242 votes in 1904. The vote i his year is approximately as fol lows: Bryan, 220.000; Taft, 20.000. Thomas M. Campbell, Democrat, has been re-elected governor.
Virginia. Richmond. Va.. Nov. 4.—The Old Dominion is still safely within the Democratic ranks by a majority of about 17,000. but lost one Republican congressman. Taft polled only 30 000 votes in a total of 130,000, a Republican loss of 17,880 sine- 1904:
South Carolina.
Charleston, S. C., Nov. 4.—The Re publican party polled only 2.000 of the 58,000 votes in this state, running slightly behind the figures of four years ago. M. F. Ansel has been reelected governor without opposition.
Florida.
Jacksonville, Fla., Nov. 4.—Albert W. Gilchrist, Democrat, has been elected governor of Florida, and the Democratic ,national ticket has carried the state by a majority of about 25,000.
Arkansas.
kittle Rock, Ark.. Nov. 4.—Bryan «?as carried Arkansas by a reduced majority, as a result of a heavy negro vote throughout the state. All Demo cratic congressmen were elected.
Alabama.
Montgomery, Ala., Nov. 4.—Bryan 90,000; Taft. 13,000, are the election figures in this state. Mr. Taft polled 9.472 fewer votes than Mr. Roosevelt did In 1904.
(The Curse ofRace Prejudice the American Sin Bishop Hamilton declared Mobocracy a Relic of Barbarism Tbe the American peopie are prejudiced on the “race” question, that all forms of foreigners are being solidified in the American race and that the entire population of the country, including even the Thine and the Italian immigrant, is being made an in separable part of the Ametican Nation, were the declarations of Bishop J W. Hamilton, member of the board of bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in an address before a Freedman’s Aid Society meeting at Roberts Park Church Sunday afternoon. A large part cf tbe audience was made np of colored people. At intervals. when Bishop Hamil on touched particularly vital spots in his subject, he was loudly applauded. M. (J. B. Mason, secretary of the Sou*bern Freedman’s Aid Society, was seated on the pla’form. Bishop Hamilton pointed to him several times curing ' his address as '’one of the few real survivors of the true type of African left in the United States*’’ Secretary Mason substantiated this statement in bis speech which followed. Bishop Hamilton also included the ‘ presumed extermination,” as he called it, ot the American Indian in bis ad dress. He denounced the “dying out of the redskin’ ae a flagrant untruth. The fact in the case, he declared, is that he has ceased to be a distinct type because he has been swallov cd up the white race through marriage. The scat city of real Indian stock he attributed to “dxing in” rather than ‘ a dying out.” INDIAN NOT EXTERMINATED “There never was a greater untruth toid about the extermination of a race,’ said Bishop Hamilton, “than the reasons given for the passing of the Amer ican Indian. It is impossible for the Indian to die out. He is merely becoming a part ot another race, e find Indians, or at least part Indians, all along the Pacific coast. What is true about the Indian is rqually true about the Chinaman, the dislike of the American to believe the truth netwith standing. Of course our American girls look differently upon a Mandarin and a laundryman, but both are China men just the same. “1 was pastr of achurch in Boston many years ago and had occasion to witness the marriage of a Chinaman with an American girl People flocked to the ceremony as they would to a great event. Not long ago I returned to Boston. While riding on a street car in that city a beautiful young woman, who was sitting in an opposi e spoke to me. I did not know who she was until she told me. She was the •laughter of the Chinaman I saw mar. ried. But her eyes, were not of the almond shape, her dress was immaculate and there was enough of the olive tint to her compltxion to make her charming. The little girl beside her was one of the most beautiful children I ever saw. PROBLEM OF COLORED RACE. “The problem of the colored race comes to us in the same way. But it is amazing to find how tender- r ooted we are, as a race, when our prejudices are enlisted in the controversy. It is amazing to see how the people squint their eyes and cast prejudiced glances v/hen the name of a colored man is mentioned. More than thirty years ago I made a similar address in Indianapolis and the newspapers sent my views all over the country. I have since ceased to care what the public or the newspapers say have steeled myseif to face this pr* judice. “Moiethan 100 years ago we tad imported into our country Africans, pure and simple, without the tint Of foreign blood iu their viens. The purity of these Africans has been declin ing until now the last Government census report shows that only about one out of every fifteen socalled Africans is pure blooded. But such a repor so shocked the prejudice of the people that the Government decided not to make a mulatto census again
form of foreigners will become solidifined in our race, t'olemnity of It all is involved in the question. < an we cleaf up our heredity so that we can be a race? It is inevitable that tbe black man is here and he is here to stay. We have no mo r e tight to try to put him out of the country than he baa the rigit to try the same thing with us. There are those among us who talk about exporting the colored man. That is all folly of the sheerest sort, I nave heard it, said that it would take all of the ves-els in the United States Navy to transport the normal increase, working all the time, which would till leave tbe old folks on our bands RELICS OK BARBARISM. LI see the Anglo-Saxon walking up and down the breadth of this land, keeping his skirts clear of the black man’s touch. He thinks that he has the right to murder and cut to pieces this black man whenever he so feels There is no greater stain upon tke nation than that which comes with the use of mob violence and force Such deed are nothing short of relics of bar b^rism’ “In soite of these problems that have to be dealt with, the average American has more prejudice to tbe square inch than any foreigner in the world. He tells the immigrants that this is the best country in the world, aud then after he arrives treats him in a way that makes him his mortal enemy within s*x months after touching American’s shores.” “The problem of the colored race, Bishop Hamilton stated, is one to be solved through education and Christlaniry. It is education, he said, that will make of the colored man a new man, one able to contribute his share of good citizenship to the land in which he lives and owns property. With proper education, he said, re?pec tability will come, which will be the cuuse of doing away with racial prejudices. Bishop John M. Walden and Secretary M. G. B. Mason also made addresser. in which the work of the Freedman’s Aid Society was outlined. Following Secretary Mason’s address a collect! n was taken for work among the colored men the South.
TAFT’S SERVICE TO LABOR.
Destroyed the Old EnffDah Law Assumption that Unioa Labor Is a Conspiracy. (From the Emporia (Kan.) Gazette. The simple fact is that no man has done more to place union labor on a sound, square, law-abiding, respected footing than William H. Taft by his decisions in labor cases. Both employers aud employed have acknowledged the justice of his decisions and learned to abide by them, and to-day there is not an intelligent worker or fairminded employer who would seek to abrogate them. Judge Taft lifted union labor from the doubt and uncertainty as to its rights which had before prevented and gave it a standing which it has ever since retained, and which has proved under his rulings, secure against all attack. The old assumption, derived from England, that union labor is a conspiracy, and that workers could be prevented from leaving railway or other employment at their will, was swept away forever by Judge Taft so far as the United States is concerned, and when an attempt was made, years later, to revive the principle, Judge Taft’s decision was quoted successfully by the labor side to defeat the plea. Mr. Taft was and is labors’ friend, because he is absolutely Just, and would no more permit wrong to be done to the poorest laborer in the land than he would to any one else. And the honest, law-abiding workers asks and expects no ffior# than this.
Bryan, we learn from s Democratic contemporary, is giving the East a good scare. Bryan’s scares, however, never hurt anybody but Bryan.—Philadelphia Press. Mr. Taft says that he stands on his record. No particular credit to Taft in that. Anybody would be glad to stand on tbe kind of record he has.— Topeka Capital.
I Popularity Contest
With the Election Over Ministers Con test is Booming -Over 10,000 Votes Now In Who is the most popular minister of the race in the state of Indiana? That’s the question, who? What’s his name? Where does he live? What church does he pastor.’ What s the story of his life’s work, and why is he so popular? We might go on indefi mtely asking questions, for you to answer, but each succeeding query depends upon an answer to the first one. Who is the most popular minister of the race in Indiana’ The Recorder can’t answer that questestion It would be a big feather in our newspaper cap if we could. We would “run his picture with the history of his life and the story of his life’s work, and cause our news paper competitors to hang their heads in shame and disgrace, and it would be a big thing for that preacher to learn that the thousands of Afro-American citizens of Indiana regard him so highly. Such an approbation coming from the people is indeed no small honor. Who is the most popular minister of the race in Indiana? We don’t know, but our anxiety is so great if our readers and subscribers will say who the Recorder is ready to not only accord the honor, but to present a fine suit of clothes and S IStL C and Stotu 0^^ ^ That looks easy does’nt ;t? Well it really ly this 61 " U l00kS, f ° r Plan iS simp - In each issue of the Reorder from now on until the holidays will be printed a voting ballot, which you will cut out, and write thereon the name of the most popular minister, according your judgment, and also sign your own name. These ballots must be left at or mailed to the Recorder office before the first of each month in order to be counted. The only condition that The Recorder imposes is that you must cast'your ballot for an Indiana minister, residing in this State, at the present time. There are over 200 ministers of the Race in Indiana, and you can take your choice. The result will be determined by the ng est number of votes cast, and the ballots will be published weekly, showing the standing of the contestants. SPECIAL BALLOTS Every minister in the State has an equal ' chance a, the hands of his admirer,, f„ r i„ addmon to the ballot in each week's issue Of I he Recorder, special ballots will be go en to all subscribers as follows: kor 1 years subscription. 100 votes hor 6 months ** 50 votes.' These special ballots will be^mSled to all scrindons" TT ° f the P rice of 'he subscriptions, whether they are old or new subscriptions, and can be voted for your choice The friends of the minister in 'the small c arge can by securing new subscribers to he Recorder and getting the special ballots. easily win over the minister in the large cities, where the voting would be bv the weekly ballot. This contest is open and fair to everyone. The Recorder is the leading and best newspaper of the Race in Indiana. Its State circulation is larger than the combined circulation of all the other colored papers.and it publishes more news of interest to the Race than all of them. That’s why it has a arger circulation, and that’s why it deserves your support and confidence. Now go to work for your minister. He tabors m season as well as out of season for your temporal as well as your spirital welfare : ou now have a chance to show him a mark of appreciation by voting for him in this contest. Interest your church club at once a " d ever >’ member and friend to save their ballots for you or agree to cast them for your pastor. Write to your friends in other cities, asking the same support. Get the lead for your minister and then work hard to keep it. Remember that special ballots will win the day. so see your neighbor and friend to day about a subscription, and the most popular minister of the Race, in the State of Indiana will be your pastor, and while the glory will be his, the praise and honor will be for you and your friends.
Standing In The Most Popular Minister Contest. Rev. Chas. Hunter, Presiding Elder. ..1S25 Rev. R. D. Lenard, Union Tabernacle
Baptist Church 1700 Rev. Lemuel Stokes, city 1491 Rev. G. W. Ward, Mt. Zion Bap. church 1306 Rev. G. H. Shaffer, Bethel A. M. E. Church. 660 Rev. G. C. Sampson, Allen Chapel Church 5S0 Rev. H. J. Callis, Jones Tabernacle.. . 250 Rev. Chas. Johnson, city 200 Rev. H. L. Herod, 2d Christian church. 152 Rev. G. A. Martin, Corinthian Baptist church 151 Rev. K. Warren, Olivet Baptist church 131 Rev. J.S. Bailey,.Simpson Chapel ch’rch 100 Rev, H. H. Hinton, M. E. Church, Con ville 125 Rev. J. C. Patton, ShilohBaptish ch’rch 125 Rev. Chas. Williams, Cavalry Baptist church 75 Rev. White, Witherspoon Presbyterian 75 Rev. Morris Lewis, Presiding Elder A. M. E. Church 50 Rev. Mitchell, Metropolitan Baptist church 5° Rev. J. Francis Robinson 50 Rev. J. C. Campbell, City 50 Rev. J. P. Wallace, Terre Haute, Ind . 50 Rev. N. A, Seymour, New Bethel Baptist church 50 Rev. C. E. Hardmon, Franklin, Ind .. 50 Rev. W. M. Winfield, Penick Chapel... 39 Rev. Patterson New Hope Baptist 23 Rev. B. F. Farrell, Mt. Paron Baptist Church 25 Total Votes 9 2 $ c >
THE MOST POPULAR MINISTER CONI ESI ONE Vote REGULAR BALLOT, NOV. 7
Name of Minister “ of Church City or Town Name of Subscriber. Address Date 1908 The Indianapolis Recorder is conducting a voting contest to decide who is the most popular minister of the race in Indiana. Ballots will appear weekly and are good for one vote, if received at the Recorder Office before the first of next month. Special Ballots will be given with all subscriptions as follows; 1 year, 100 votes 6 months, 50 votes; 3 months, 25 votes. A §50.00 suit of clothes will be presented to the successful minister by the Recorder. Watch the vote each week.
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