Indianapolis News, Indianapolis, Marion County, 31 March 1917 — Page 6

THE INDIANAPOLIS NEWS, SATURDAY, MARCH 31,1917.

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•on will tpo&k BtronaiY for unIvertAl trai.iing The people, will welcome •iK-h a declaration, and be much disappointed If it it not made. Both from the civil and military point of view «uch •ervioe it greatly to be detired. No one c4n know what tort of world thit will be after the war it over. But of one thing we may be tPre, and that it that war will not vanlth from the earth in the near future. It can not be eliminated by leaguet to enforce peace or by arbitration treaUea There it, at far at we know, no tcientlflc ttudent of the toctal organisation who it the victim of any such illuston.

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FACING A CB181B fgotnf at It doet one of the mo«t tertout crlBwi III itt hittory, the country it hojplnf thatlTthe Pretldent will, in hit addrcgt to congrtet next week, anhoofioe a fleflnlte and practicgl link of aetttoL The p#oplt *rt willin* and eager to accept leaderthip, and the queetios with them kii Will the Pretldeitt lead? The recent action of the admiBittratlon In the cate of Genera! 1» not encouraging. and,llwlvee tio proMetna for hla auccaaaor. It ia mora than ever neceaaary that the admlnlatratlop ahould face the present attpuatlon aquarely, take the people into lit eonfldence, and tell them fmnkly and bluntly what It expected of them. The American peepie wlll^ot recoil if war la declared, and more ttian tlmt, at long at condlt|oT^ remain aa we now find them} they do not heHeva that war can he avoided without a aaorMee of national honor. Fading way the country's patriotic aentiment la that eitory poaafbte thing •hoald ha dona to put the nation in or. dar. Men who have been fighting universal aervlce for years are now con. vtaeed that It la both necessary and deplrable. We sincerely hope that the Praeident will speak out strongly for It If there were no war in sight it would atlii ha a good thing aa an aducatleaal hifluance. Macaulay shows that Roma was safa aa long aa every cHtaen hid hia sword and apear hang, tag above hia firaiJiaca. It was not so whm the nation began to rely on merosoartea. We trust that the President wilt adviae. and ihat congress will give ua UBtveraai sgfiHce. mora than that there should be •oma definite program laid down. No doubt there will be a declaration of the Mietenee of a etate of war, for that Will he merely finding the facta in the case. If so,'we ehaU, of course, be at var. formally, and by legal enactmeiti. What are we to do then’ Surely We must fight. Our navy can render Important service at once, and that arm of httf defense ahould be used tu the uttOMOaV Through univaraal aarvtce gWa ought to bo able to get an army In comparatively short time that will be to take whatever part may be i-e-iPtd of It Money we can commi^d la aoraething to be said for tboae who think that we ahould give of the sinews of war outright to the eatioitte altlea If by force of clrcumMiiaea Utey become our allies. That is an unteportant detail that can be atfiifidod to after Uie present dangeroue mooidatuties are reatilved in favor of a liiatliMt oourae of action. What the people ask is that the President make ptidn not only our position — which to us fioaM olearty defined already-hut duty. A feeble voice can not be iMHd hi these revei>beratlng times, a ribgiag policy will gather to it all patNotle eiementa Give us. Mr. President, a program lather than a lecture The people are ready to follow. What they want to know la whathar they are to have a leader.

N0NPABTI8AN ACTION Yesterday a conference of Hepubllcana considered a proposal made by a number of representative Democrats that the two party organisations agree on candidates for the fifteen delegatee-at-large to the etate constitutional convention. A Committee wai appointed to confer with a committee*of Democrate on the eublect. The whole matter will later be considered by another and more leigely representative conference The epliit of the meeting yesterday was favorable to the proposed action, both senators indorsing it There was, aa might have been expected, some oppoeitlon. Nothing waa done, and nothing should be done, to bind either of the great parties until every effort le made to learn their wishes The plan seems to us to be a good one. Those who opposed ft yeaterday did so on the ground that Ha effect would be to promote partisanship rather than nonpartleanehlp But men elected to these places will all of necessity belong to some political party. The important thing la that they be chosen because of their character and ability rather than their party alBllatione. It le not a queetlma of substituting blpartleanehip for partlsanehlp. but rather of the spirit in wMch we approach the selection of these men. We bi^leve that It would help greatly if the two ortanlaationa could enter into some sort of treaty, a* a result of which all the people of the etate would have a chance to i'ote, without regard to party, for the best men who can be got to serve Much encouragement ia to be derived from the fact that the leaders of the two parties are to come together to consider the beet way of dealing with this very Important matter. The new conetttutlofi should be made — and this was the thought of the legislature — not by either of the two parties, but by the people Of Indiana acting, not as members of political orcanlxattons, but as oltlaene. We do not suppose that there will be any difference of opinion on that subject. The only question is as to the best and surest way to roach that reeult. The RepubUcan and Democratic committeea have both shown an esccellent eplflt. It {• one that ought to prevail throughout the state.

VNIvmSAL SERVICS We have diecueted elaewhere tile need tv a definite program for the country, ■lid upreaaed the hope that the Prealdetit wUi recommend one. No program tottl be aatiafaotory that does not inbind# unlvemal service. That the country la ready for It we firmly believe Under no other eyatem can we get the sort ef axmv that we inuet have. There le no "mlUtaHsia" In the plan. On the contrary, the army would he a truly eitlaen It would, too, bo ettig)tiv», and immediately available, li'e have yet to hear one reason that would bear a momenl'i eonaidemtlon against the poUey of fitting the cititens of a free nation to perform the very highest duty they ewe to ibe natltm-that of dofondlng tt ta time of doger. On the eontrmfy, jpij the arguments are on that ald^ More and more our eelleges and are fitting men for puMlo Mrviee. ^ ari tattEfog them for bnMneai and the ^f^tema. and faafeti^ on higher etafttede for tha dvu Ibrvloe. Yet wa Jmve done praotieally nothing. As fiar at Yhe govern■Miit ta eencenied. ta train the cltlaen to defend the country and Ita laetltutleaa wherever they are assailed. Citlsen anntee hove never been dangeromi ta the pei^ or to liberty. But they have been gffatiy feared by deepota and tyrants. I<lb«rty has had much to fear from armtmi of tnaroanafloa tt ta of large atandlsg armies that tom ot our laee have aiwaya bemi' Jealoua wf thouaaada of man In ^ tllelea who are not epiHalotta 0 gay service to tha goven^^ ^ Ii time that tbede t3|at ttag malnteningani thought it wia be if is adopted, thaquaittr g( anr iillliyrtBf njluig h^ttaproved. and apittgi^|iMi»i# tefoniHMi Ymtii sMtiwouHt aatve ttfitbifi and bd tttltaet fo a of the very hblt^ vtJtm to the mMm. Tte Niyi^ heaa&to would bo anaemamk Our peegie have nfoaed to bo faotod by atfi eatehwonis far aver had any ai< now leal It What, M now, u; ,wa dttilfo fo ftit ik »•*p|f that tiMM la 4afin4 thMf. that wh

TITB $m,000 FUND The awakening fund of the IndianapoUa CItamber of Commerce yesterday paaaed the minimum limit of MO.OOO #lth ease, and over tW.OO was added for good measure. Thia waa not unexpected The reaponae has, on the whole, far exceeded anything of the l4nd ever tried In Indianapolis. And the investors are giving not only money but also evidence that In reality the city le awakening to Ite posslblllUee Without the awakening, the money would serve but lialf its purpose. With the gwakening as a feature of the campaign to raise money, the value of the money le doubled. William Fortune, president of the reoiganiaed Chamber of Commerce, refers to tha response aa showing that "Indianapolis has been simply a slaeptng giant" And he and his aaaodatea are fully supported In thelrYleclalon to hold the eubscription Hat open until every one who might be expected to invest has had opportunity to come forward. Twenty firms and individuals yeatarday made Invi^stmenta that brought the whole number above eighty —a good showing that will be Improved. The chamber now beltevee the fund should reach ROO.Ofo, and it should, without hringftit any more preaeure to bear than that exerted naturally by the giant awakening to full appreciation of hie •trcinth. There is no need to extol the virtues of tha city. It has proved tta posalbllltiec. Its achievements are much in themeelvec. hut ii great deal more in their promise of the future. And the future le being made the buaineae of the Chamber of Commerce, while the awakening fund is the capital on which it will do the bueineaa Of the ettixena It la not to be otmfuted with the inltation funds raiaed by aoma cities, funds which ara used to promote imprudent exphnsion. which reeuits in a discouraging motion. The fund will be used first fo aet tha city’s house In order, then to promote substantial growth. A subecrlptkm to thus a ooneervattve investment

chimerical. We can not spare our farmers Nor can we epare our farm laborers There to every reason to believe that war between this country and Germany will stimulate rather than dfmlnfah the demand for factory employea. Labor available for the farms, therefore, even without considering Hie effect that the raising of an array will have on the labor market, wiil be scarcer than ever. Yet we shall need larger crops than ever. Already the call for farm labor has gone forth and has met with little response. All the early spring work is crying for attention and, obviously, upon the ability of the farmer to do the work promptly and thoroughly depends the success of many of the year’s crops How will the farmer’s need — and the natlon'a —be met’

8CAMCITT OF FARM BANDS

War brings to tbta country some grave pkoblema damanding immediate eolutIon- Of all of tHem,..none la more perplexing than that which c<mfronta the former Where ia he to obtain the help neceaaary for the operation of hia form? A call io arms may summon half a million Igen to the eolore. Induetrlea throughout the country will all feel Uie effects of taking these men ffom the foctorles anti shops. But the blow will

fall hardest on the farmer.

*T am a former’s wife,” wrtfoa a woman to the New York Wortd. “and should like to have my aay about the high oost of Itvlnt. Itoat year workmen were so dicarfe that ten fartnere quthere (la New Jersey} gave up f«i,rming altogether; the rMt of ua planted only half of our forma. This year it will be worse thwft ever." And thia correspondent. In j looking no further itiiead than the cur- j rent year, did net take into coneidera* tion. either, w’hat effect the calling out of voiunteere would have In the matter ot farm lidior. 6ha had la mind only the acaNaw of help Itoought about by the unusual industrial demand in tha ocbnttt** graot manufoctxitteg centers. The farmm' must feed not only the totted fftataa. but, fo a treat extent, eatMiba altlea as welt It bat even imgiaatsd by the BrltlMi ministry fiawasra from thia oountry be aa^t

ta show the Xngitoh former

hWtb'fender hia labor more filfeetivs tiirettik tha twa of modem Atnerioan fomONf HNMhtaery. Thai, af eeurae. to

THE PEACE PEOPLE The News has no word of condemnation for thoee patriotic cltlxcns who are still pleading for peace, though it believes their Judgment is at foultWhat they foil* to see is that great world forces are at the present time struggling for mastery, and that the well-being of people even^whera —even those in Germany —depends on the triumph of the forces of liberty and democracy. The challenge of the German chancellor Is, not simply to the American people, but to the great cause of progresa and humanity The moat awful tragedy of the laab thousand years it that an intelligent and — by nature - liberty-loving people such as the Germans should today be fighting for a ayatem under which liberty is impos-

sible

There Is simply no escape for those who are pledged to the principles of the Declaration of ladependence and the Constitution. For there can never be anything but enmity between these principles and that ayatem of which the kaiser is both the flower and the crown Some men even yet profess to doubt whether there have been any German plots .In this country during the preaent war. Yet German agents are now In the penitentiary, because of their paitlclpatlon in them. *1116 secret service of the government got hold of papers so compromtolng that the German embassy did not dare to claim them, though they were supposed to be embassy papers. Dumba, late AustroHhngarlan ambassador, was sent home because of his proved connection with plotfr to disorganize American industry through strikes. There is, in short, nothing which the* Teutonic powers distrust and hate as much as a liberal and popular government The time has come when we must give more attention to the preservation of our own Institutions. If this brings us into conflict with foreign powers whose operations have served to destroy our liberty and freedom then we must still follow our chossn path and not bs led awAy from duty to our country and to posterity. We must either fight for freedom or fight against it — and ths most cowardly way to fight against it Is to refuse to come to its rescue when It is assailed We are now in "the valley of decision.*' Years ago our great statesman poet wrote: Once to every man and nation comet the moment to decide. In the etrlfe with truth or faleehood, for the good or evil side; Some great cauee, Ood'e new Meeatah, offering each tha bloom or blight, ts the goat* upon the left hand, and the ■heep upon the right, AntJ the choice goea by forever 'twlxt that darkness and that light. Hast thou chosen. O my people, on whose mrty thou ehalt stand, Ere the doom from ita worn sandala thakee the duet against our land? Ihough tha oausa of evil prosper, yet 'tie truth alone is strong, And, albeit she wander outcast now, I aee around bar thropg Troope of beautiful, tall angela, to enahield her from all wrong. It ia a questidh of choosing, not between nations, but prlnclplea and ths choice, as we see it. Is one that must be made, Ws believe that if there ever In the whole course of human history was a "moment to decide,” this Is one^ Indeed, we must decide. The only question is what the decision shall be. The nation looks to tha Preak'ent — and It hopes that jt will not be dlexppointed — to sound a note that ahall rally the people of this great land to the support of those principles for the establishment and maintenance of which their fathers gladly laid down their lives. Let us remsmber that FTesdom ain't a gift ThM tarries long in ban's o' cowards TSE BELGIAN CSILDREN The American offleiale and relief workere who have been feeding 1,209,000 Belgian children and 7,000,000 adulte have made preparations to leaYo Belgium in a ehort time. But this doee not mean that there will he ^.o way of getting food to the Belgians Holland or Spain will take over the work of distribution, and the Araerloan government will, in case of war, stand ready to do all in Its powsr to see that relief ships arrive safely in Belgium. This imposes upon American citliens an obligation which they can not escape. It brings to them the realisation that while the dlatrlhutton of food in Belgium haa been in the hands of Amqricana, the money to pay for the food baa come from the warring enfonte nations. Tha withdrawal of tha American flag from Belgium meana that tha United States mu|t stand on it» record as a cmitrlbutor. It la Inconceivable that Germany will prohibit the sending of food into Belgium. hence the problem ia eaaantially the same as it has been from the start. Bslgtum to producing about half enough food to feed Itself. Mature persons can llYS^ on the ration of one meal a day that to given to inhabitants of all agaa. But growing children can net thrive on it The difference between their allowance and what, with the assistance of the commlsaion for relief, they get, to the difference between nutintalning the •park of life and growing. The extra rktion for children emtelsto of a howl of aeup aqd a piece of bread Its cost to tl a mdnth for each child. This to fL2SO.foO a month, or about a cent a mootb from each person In tha United, States tf halt the people In Indiana i»v« 1 i-t oenta a day to this work, the problem would be solved end the Belgton children would be happy. But the people of Indiana are giving almoat nothing, ifore and there one makes contribution, but with on# notable deception there to no definite, orEMtUed movement to teed a deoighated group of children. The exertion to the stiUe unlvereity at Bloomington, whieh to supporting by oontributlons from

members of the university 100 children in * Belgian village It was the fiest American university to undertake the support of the child population of a Belgian village. In contrast with Indians Is Pennsylvania, which has lately agreed, through a state committee, to provide this growing ration for 190,000 Belgian children Thus at one stroke I the relief commission was relleted of almost one-sixth of Its responsibility for raising money for this purpose New Bedford, Mass, has agreed to take care of ^ children of Borsbeek until the wer is over. In many parts of the country churches, clubs, corporations and other organizations are considering the adoption of chlldrwi under similar conditions Indiana should not be behind in this movement- Full details of the plan may be obtained from the commission for relief of Belgium, 120 Broadway, New York. N. Y., Herbert Hoover, chairman.

Lord Cecil Replies to the German Chancellor

CLEAN VP Five years ago some enterprising persons In St Louis started a "Clean-up and Paint-up” week The idea grew, the response was hearty, and before long many other cities adopted it..The country had formed the habit not only of cleaning house every spring, but also of cleaning premises And now in the more progressive communities the campaign is not limited fo a week in the spring, but Is carried on throughout the year. This is as it should be Little was gained by cleaning yards and alleys and scrubbing and painting and then allowing the dirt to accumulate again It is just as essential that a yard be kept clean as it is that a house be kept clean. The back yard garden campaign is closely connected with this movement. A back yard garden can not be made successful unless the rubbish is removed from the yard. And the garden draws family interest to the premises The "trash” pile, which was once considered an essential feature of almost every back yard, has gone out of fashion. The particular householder will now no more tolerate a pile of rubbish in his back j'ard than his wife will tolerate a pile of dust on her dlrilng room floor. This is a wholesome sign. Indicating that people are living more in the open, utilizing the economic and aesthetic possibilities of their yards, and developing a better appreciation of land cultivation But In the winter there Is likely to be a reversion to standards of ot|wr days The yards become cluttered with ashes, cans, odd'pieces of lumber and various odds and ends. Soot and the elements wear paint away, and the prospect before the spring cleaning is not attractive Just now there Is no foliage to conceal the stark ugliness of many yards and houses whose occupants would rekent an imputation that they are not conforming to a reasonable standard of cleanliness and neatness These places should be cleaned up and put Into shape for the summer. They will be worth more money ^and the neighborhood will have its residential value increased. *

When the kaiser learns that a Hoosier fasted for forty-five days he will realize what A terrible blunder he made in not ordering his chemists to'Invent an army of such men. The Democrats, having nominated Champ Clark for Speaker, all that remains Is to get three or four independents to approve him Between curiosity as to whether President Wilson will ask for a recognition of a state of war and as to whether Congresswoman Rankin will wear her hat, the congressmen ought to find plenty to interest them. Judging by the difference between the number of ships reported lost by the British and the number reported captured or sunk by the Germans, the U-boat commanders must get paid on a piece-work basis and no questions asited. J The Anglo-French forces hav^ even taken the "strategic” out of the Hindenburg retreat. A bird m the garden to worth two in the cat. The revolution In Spain probably means that the people have turned over and^gone to aleep on the other aide. It will have to be admitted, too, that the Chicago recruit who Inoreased his weight six pounds by eating four meals is a man of considerable capacity.

Argentina is so short of wheat that it haa established an embargo, and our own crop outlook Is none too good. Looks as if it were high time that something were being done to close up this war business And now the question Is how much will that S-cent advance in Indiana soft coal freight rates amount to by the time it is passed on to the ultimate consumer.

The pacifist elemeat both Inside and outside congress will make itself heard before a decision la reached — Washington dispatch. And will also make itself even more unpopular —if such a thing be possible. It must be rather annoying to Senators New and Wataon* after their valiant defense of Senator Stone, to receive that anti-Stone message from Bloomington Commission row thinks that vegetables wiU soon be cheaper. So also doss the energetic person who is planting seeds In the back yard. ^ Sure I While tlie getting to so good the Chamber of Commerce might just as well get a plenty. It cost the Inland Steel Company 112.000 to Incorporate In Indiana after quitting Illinois but, of courae. It was worth IL Four Belgian relief steamers have arrived safely at Holland porta within the tost week. Some of those submarine commanders must be sleeping on the

Job.

— Maybe it was something In the literary output of those bookmakers that Irrl tated the police Into making a raid on their peaceful industry. Still, you know, it hasn’t been so bad, m such things go, considering that It waa March. If you're going to attempt to count the ■ flags ahite you are driving about the city twnorrow you had better take an adding machine with you. After Washington hears from all the patriotic meetings that are to be held In various parts of the oountry this evening maybe it won't tqjte the house aa tong as had been feared to organize and do something. Tomllnaon hail is the place where you iare to molditoe yourself this evening.

LONDON. March 31 —Lord Rob«|i Cecil, the British blockade minister, has made reply to the latest utterances of Dr. von Bethmann-HoUweg. the German imperial chancellor, in a statement to ths Associated Press "The German chancellor claims that Germany in the past renounced the unrestricted use of her submarine weapon In the expectation that Great Britain could be made to observe in her blockade policy the laws cjf humanity and international agreemtents," said Lord Robert "It Is difficult to say whether this statement Is the more remarkable for its hypocrisy or for its falseness It aould hardly seejn that Germany Is in a position to speak of humanity or international agreements, j since she began this war fay deliberately violating the International agreement guaranteeing the neutrality of Belgium, and has continued it by violating all the dictates of humanity "Has the chancellor forgotten that the German forces have been guilty of excesses in Belgium unparalled in history, culminating In the attempted enslavement of a dauntless people; of poisoning soldiers. of bombarding open towns, torpedoing hospital ships and sinking other vessels with utter disregard for the safety of noncombatants on board, with the result that many hundreds of innocent victims. Including both women and chllren, have lost their lives. "The latest manifestation of this policy ia to be seen in the devastation and deportations carried out by the Germans in their forced retreat on the western front The chgnceUor states that it is because the allies have not abandoned their blockade and have refused the so-called peace offer of Germany, that unrestricted submarine warfare now Is decided on. As to this, 1 will do no more than quote what the chancellor himself said In the relchstag when announclng_Jthe adoption of unrestricted submarine war. "He said that as soon as he himself. In agreement with the suprento army command, reached the conviction that ruthless U-boat warfare would bring Germany nearer to a victorious peace, then the, U-boat warfare would be started. He continued: “ ‘This moment now has arrived Last autumn the time was not ripe, but today the moment has come when, with the greatest prospect of success, we dan undertake this enterprise. We must not wait any longer. Where has there been a change? In the first place, the most important fact of all is that the number of our submarines has been very considerably increased aa compared with last Sluing, and thereby a firm basis has been created for success' "Does not this prove conclusively that it was not any scruple or any respect for international ftiw or neutral rights that prevented unrestricted warfare from being adopted earlier, but merely a lack of means to carry it out? I think It may bs useful once again to point out that the Illegal and Inhuman attack on shipping by the Germans can not be justified as a reprisal for the action of Great Britain In attempting to cut off from Germany all Imports. "The submarine campaign was clearly contemplated as far back as December,' 1914, when Admiral von Tirpltz gave an indication to an American correspondent in Berlin of the projected plan As for the plea that the allies are aiming at the annihilation of Germany and her a,lles, and that ruthless warfaie is therefore justified, It Is sufficient In order to refute this to quote the following passage from the allies’ reply of January 10, 1917, to President Wilson’s “ ‘There is no need to say that if the allies desire to liberate Europe from the brutal covetousness of Prussian militarism, the determination and political disappearance of the German people have never, as has been pretended, formed a part of their design.' "The allusion made to Russia by the German chancellor can hardly be treated seriously. A government of Hohenzollerns can not pose as ths champions of freedom and self-)government as against autocracy. When the German people enjoy the benefits of a truly representative government - and are no longer dominated by a military autocracy, Germany may appear in that role, but not until then.”

Danish West Indies Now Owned by United States WASHINGTON. March 31.—The dial act of more than fifty years’ effort to bring the Danish West Indies under the American flag was completed with formal ceremonies at the state department today, when a treasury warrant for 126,000,000 was handed to Danish Minister Brun. and ^when wireless messages were sent to the American and Danish authorities at the islands to lower the Danish flag and raise the Stars and Stripea At noon the new possessions passed definitely and finally under the authority of the United States. The Danish minister signed four certificates of receipt and four protecols of transfer, for the state and treasury departments of this government, the Danish foreign office and the legation here. The navy sent a wireless message to Commander Pollock, ranking American naval officer at the Islands, commanding the Hancock, as follows: ‘You may receive the islands in the name of the government of the United States ’’ At the same time the Danish minister sent a wireless message tu the Danish governor to give over the Islands in the name of the king of Denmark With the frraal transfer the Islands become known as the Virgin Islands of tha United States There are fifty of the Islands, only three large enough to be of Importance. St. Thomas to the most important and has one of the finest harbors in the W'est Indies The harbor will be transformed Into a strong naval base by the United States for the protection of the Panama canal and for general milltsuy purposes. St Croix and St John are the other two large islanda

CASE AND COMMENT

Touchy People COkio State Jourasi] Beware of touchy people! There are aiwaya some about, ready to pester you In •oms way. Hurry on past, so you can not hear them, and above all, refuse to deny what they say. Just kssp Sweet and go ahead, abd let their unkind word* swelter in the gloamiaz How much tiote and patience are waated on touchy people. And yet soeli people think they are the salt of the sarfo and everybody else dirty water. It fa a real wickednen to be touehy. It Is as bad as lying and cbeadnz. It doee the wortd as much harm. It tpoUiMiiore reUtekm than sweartns If you find a touchy person !tt your Church, tarn him out as soon as posalbis; if not. he wiit infect the whole brothemood and sttterbood with his sin w« kosw a touchy person one Urae whose touchlnee* struck in on httn and hs died We hc^ all our featls raadera iriU sscap* se sorry a

fata

France Doubtless the speeches that are to be made tonight at the great meeting to be held in Tomlinson hall are by this time all In type Yet possibly Freedom it mav. without presump- • tion, be suggested that the claims of France to oirr gratitude, lo\ e and honor shall be put in the forefront of everything that is said. No other nation m the world has made such sacrifices for freedom Nor has any nation, not even Russia, suffered so frightfully from despotism. To realize this one has only to read a few of the pre-revolution memoirs—those of St. Simon, for example The present writer recalls a short history of the French people that he read during his college days in which the sufferings of the French were set forth in the soberest language The only novel of Dickens in which there is no exaggeration or strained sentiment to his "Tale of Two Cities " The great glory of Prance Is that she refused to submit to such conditions Men, including Burke, had much to, say of the reign of terror and its atrocities, but for hundreds of years the poor peasants 6f France had suffered from a reign of terror Incomparably worse than that of which Robesj^ierre w’as the inspiration and ruling spirit Burke was terribly shocked because the French people cut off the head of their queen, but he never stopped to think of the daughters of peasants w'ho had been starved and outraged by the nobility. Nothing ts more discreditable to Burke than his utter failure to admit the existence of any provocation for the revolutionary horrors, or to realize that reaction la aiwajs likely to be much more vlgoroas than action. France won her liberty more than }00 years ago; she accepted Bonaparte only because he stood for the new order aa against the old, and waa by Ms very position bound to admit the validity of the principle of freedom. Never were the Bourbons able to re-ea-tabJlsh the old system Absolutism in France died with the death of Louis XVI. And today France is a republic, and has no thought of being anyUilng else She may be less "efficient” than Germany, but at least she Is free.

We were told by many. Including Dgvld Starr Jordan, of the peace party, that France was "decadent.” That can

not be the. opinion of Wil-

Eqaallty helm IL The greatest

miracle of the war is the

failure of the Germans to reach Paris Their failure was due wholly to the magnificent fight made by the French in defpnse of their native land. There Is nothing "decadent” in the armies that are now harrying the Germans out of France The French are superior to their enemies in man power and gun power, but their overwhelming superiority Js to be found in their passionate love for liberty and equality. In the early days of the last centuiy the French armies even when led by Bonaparte, wero welcomed by the people everywhere—even In Germany—as the soldiers of liberty. So they are today. The French are engaged in a war against the same old enemy—the divine right of kings We can not think of a Hohenzollem breathing the air of France A Hapsburg in Paris—except as a curiosity—is unthinkable Having freed itself of the Bourbons, Orteanlats and Bonapartists, France would make short work of the HohenzoUerns and Hapsbairgs The Influence of the American revolution worked powerfully among the French people, and It to still operative Matthew Arnold long ago showed that th^re was more equality In Prance than In any other nation in t|}a world, and he also showed how great had been the civilizing influence of that equality. The most democratic army on earth Is that now commanded by General Nlvelle. Even the American republic has much to learn from her European sister A victory of the Hohenzollern despotism over French democracy, and the awakened people of Russia, would mean the turning back, perhaps for centuries, of the clock of civilization Such a thing "must not be ” In the providence of God, it shall not be The American people can not. without treason to their own ideals, permit Europe to become the minion of the Prussian drlU sergeants. There nust not be a nation in the world In shich such an Infamous thing gs the Zabem incident can even b© imagined or

dreamed of »

— Mi

One can hardly think without tears of France’s splendid fight for her integrity and sovereignty. Her steadiness, per-

sistence, calmness, dlg-

Ft-ench nlty and serenity have Stability astonished those who

have been taught by

their Jordans to believe that she was "decadent " There has been no French propaganda in this country—no attempt whatever to Influence public opinion. The French people have fought their own battle, quite content to trust to the verdict of history. No French spy has been arrested, as far as is known, In any neutral country. Not for one moment have the American people wavered in their love for France, and their devotion to her cause. There Is nothing that the government could do for the French people that would not win the Immediate and enthusiastic approval of the people of the United Statea The name of Lafayette is still held In grateful remembrance If it is true, as Byron said, that "who would bo free, themselves must strike the blow,” surely the people of France are entitled to all the blessings of liberty. It Is for liberty that the French are striking now. The American people understand! this, and their hope Is that their government understands it, too. We hava all of us been quick to see sprightllness, wit, beauty, dash and daring in the Qaul —and courage of the rash and daring type_but now we see a steadiness, stability and grim determination that even the Briton might envy. In other words, the French are quallfled to be the guardians of liberty both for themselves and the world This they have proved over and over agftin, and in such a way as to -challenge the admiration of all mankind. The sad preachers of 'French decadence will from now on have very small audiences Our sister republic has proved herself, and earned, not only the admiration, but the support, of all lovers of liberty. One can not believe that the American republic will fall to discharge to the full the debt which It owes to Its sister republic beyond seas. To fail to do so would be to be guilty of treason, not only to France, but to the great and diriae cause of human liberty the world over. There ought to be great searchings of heart on this side

of the ocean.

Liberty

But liberty as w# know and love ft in this country Is, as a practical rule of life. largely our inheritance from the men who wrung Magna Evelotlea Cbsrta from the unwilling handa of a royal tyrant If our colleges and public schools fail to Impreaa that demonatrable truth on the minds of our young people they fall in a very important duty. The French revolution was a cataclaym There has not been a moment for a thousand years when there waa not a revolution going on in England But this revolution has been an evolution. This is what Tennyson meant wh«i he spoke of England thust: It is tbe land that frsetnsB till. That sobsr-suhsd rrs«dom choss. The land, wber* girt with friends'll fews A man may speak the thing h« will;

settled government,

A land of Just and old renown.

Where Freedom alowly broad*ss«down

From precedent to precedeny

Where faction seldom gathers heed, But, by d«gr*<M to funnels wrought, u •trengrth of some diffusive thought Horn time and space to irork and sproaA From this ancestry w« get trial by jury, habeas”corpus, the security of the citizen against the intrusion of government, and the supremacy of the civil oter the military authority. "Magna Charta," said sir Edward Coke as Iwig ago M M28. "Is such a follow that he will have no sovereign.” a hundred years later William Pitt, In a speech on the excise bill—and we of these days

may well heed his worda-said:

Poorest msn may in hia cottaga bid

**** **** W

may ^ frail, it, roof may shaka, tha wind may blow through it. the storms may enter, tne ram may enter—but the king of England enter; all his foroec dare not CfOM tn© threshold of the mined tenement. Such to the liberty—and how we should cherish It'-of which we Amer^ leans are the happy heln. It to In Its fullness unknown—even In Francs in any land In which Anglican Institutions have not been established. Those who doubt or question this should read the

mat book of that great German, Dr.

Francis Lieber.

Nothing is more Iraportaift than that the men of opr day should learn to think of liberty, not as a mere senti-

ment, but as an instltu-

The iBdl- Ion—as indeed a set of Invidaal etltuttons that "guaran'

tees to every man the use

of his own faculties for his own development.” Only so can there be any efficiency that Is worthy of the name. Man IS not a machine or fool, but a soul. We must be saved, if saved at all, not by organizations, but by personalities. And liberty consists in ths supremacy, of personality. Institutions have been framed to guard it agaflist the encroachments of tyranny, whether of the mob or the monarch. The result js, not gqvemraent by a superior class, or a divinely commissioned family, but selfgovernment. The question now before the American people is, not one of saving certain other people from injury and harm, not of protecting American rights solely, but of making liberty secure throughout the world. We are to decide, for Instance, whether the reactionaries shall prevail In Russia, whether the uncrowned czar Shan again be crowned. Can we not see that the people are on the march, and that any one who gets in their way is certain to be ground to powder’ Men are today talking much of liberty, often with a very faulty idea of what It meana It to Important that they set themselves right, and try to understand that it Is obligation aa well as privilege-that It to the product of restraints quite as much a«. of grants. It can not, of cour % exist apart from Individualism. We need men who know their rights, and "knowing, dare maintain ” But having maintained them they will, if they are true freemen, exercise them with a due regard for the rights of others—otherwise liberty will be the rawest mockery, Such, at any rate, has for a thousand years been the ideal of the soundest builders and truest and most steadfast champions of human liberty. Never was It more necessary than now for Americans to look to ths rock from which they were hewn. Their only desire should be that men of ail lands and races may, in the providence of God, entjer into their inheritance Those who know most of liberty are least able to define it—and definitions are not in this case, important Lib1 * erty to such people to Aa Ataioa- like the atmosphere, pherc something that they take

as a matter of course.

There to no need, as a rule, for asserting it, since it is never denied If perchance It should be, it would be easily vindicated For It is institutional, precisely as the law and society are. There is much sound politics In the following

lines of Kipling:

All ’*• have of freedom, all w# use or know— This our fathers bought for us long and long

ago.

Anclsnt right unnoticed a* ths breath w* draw— Leave to live by no man’s leavs, undsmeath the law. Lance and torch and tumult, stcsl and graygoose wing Wrenched it. Inch and sll and all. rtowly from ths king. TUI our fathers 'stablishsd, after bloody years. How our king to on* with us. first among hto peers Bo they lM}ught u* freedom—not at little cost— Whsrefore must we watch the king, lest our gain bs lost. "Ancient right unnoticed as the breath w# draw”—such ia liberty. M<»n ara bom in it, grow up in it, are accustomed to it, and are hardly aware they have It. But let any one try to take It from them and they will resist. They may not know that th^ have freedom, but they know very welUwhen it Is threatened. The greatest freedom comes, of course, from and through the truth—"ye shall know the truth, and ths truth shall make you free " Men can be thus free—as was the divine speaker of the words quoted—even under a political despotism. But spiritual freedom, if It ts reaL to likely to work Itself out Into poUtloaf freedom under free institutions. For the ^anclpatlng power qf truth to simply incalculable And where political institutions are not free, spiritual freedom, oa a rule, soon dies .out Body, soul and spirit must all be free if liberty to to suiwlve among men And | they are ail free when subject to laws of their own maWnf, but not otherwise. If we are to maintain the proper attitude toward the issues now m'eaented to ua we must have a deep and true realization of all that they Involve.

Th« Name of ‘‘Old Qlqry DM] Old Olory' say, who, By lb* shiiw sad the crew. And tbe long, btoadsd ranks of the gray and tb* blue— Rise gav* you. Old Olory, tbs iwaie thaf; you bmr Wltb such prld* •vsrywbore yourself free to tb# raptaraos And Imp out full Isngtb. a* sre'r* waatlitg you lot— ^ Who gave you that nsm*, with ths ring of the sam*. And the honor and fame an becoming to you?— Your trtriiiM rtroked in rtpptse of white and of red. With your stars at thetr glltterhig beat overhoad— By day or by night Thstr dsllghtfulest light iBughlng down freen Ihrtr little square • haven of blue'— ’IVho gave you the name of Old Glory?— w'hiO'w-' Who gave you the name of Old Glory’ The old benner Ilfled, and faltering then la %agu« lispe and whlapwii fell silent agala. Old Glory-speak ouf-wa are asking afout How you bai^rensd to "favor" a namo, m to say That aounda so familiar and carelsas and

gay

A* wo chosr It and rtwut ta our wild

breezy way—

We—the crowd, every man ef us. calling

you that—

We—Tom, Dick and Harry—each swlngtag

his hat **

And hurrahing "Old Glory!" tike you were

our kta, ♦

When—Lord'—wo all know we’re a# common

a* sin!

And yet It Just essina like you humor us

all

And waft us your thanks, as wa hall y«tt and fall Into llna. wl'h you over us, waving us Mt Where our glorified, saarttfted betters have gone And this to the reason we're wantiita t« know— * ^ (And We're wanting tt eo! Where our own fotntrs went we ara wfitlng et to go). Who gave you the name ef Old Olhry— O—ho!— ’ Who aave you the name of Old Glory? The old flag unfurled with a billowy thrill For an Instant, then wistfully sighed and was stni Old Olory; the story we’re wanting to hear I* what the plain facta of your christening were,— For your name—just to hmi It, Repeat it, and chear It, 's a tang to the

spirit

■alt

As salt as a tear,—

And seeing you lly, and the hoya marehing

by,

Thsre’s a shout in tha throat and a hhir tat

the eye

And an aching to live fer you alway*-or

die.

If. dying, we still ksep you waving on high. And ao, by our lov* -

For you. floating ahowa

And tha acars of alt wars and the aorrows

thareof.

Who gave you ths name of Old Olory, and

w}iy

Are we thrilled at the name of Old Oioryt Then the old banner leaped, Ilk# a sail in

the blart.

And fluttered an audible answer at last— And it Speke, with a shake of the voloe.

and it qald:—

By the driven snow-white and the living

blood red

Of my bars, and their heaven of star*

overhead—

By the symbol conjoined of them all. sky-

ward cast,

As I float from tha steeple, or flap at tb*

mast.

Or droop o'er the sod where ths long

grasses nod,—

Mv name 1* as old as th# glory of God • • • So 1 cam* by the name of Old Glory.

—James Whitcomb Rllsy

[Copyrtgat by th* Bobbs-Herrill Co 1

SCKAPS

Links va. Garden

Vox Poputi

pioc&ester Poat-Express) This sumwer wlU see the deteroita*t*oB of th* struggte M to which to the mlghUer, the putter or the spada

[Flttsburg Post] A gtxMl many soprano and contralto vote** ore now bsiitg heard on questloss of the day.

• Srfnging Trouble [The Lamb} "Thst fellow certainly to a dub." "For wbrY' "I told ktia I bossed ay wife, aad he went and told my wifo.**

• True to Form In Southern Jersey IWbodbjry TlmesI The Yblmblc Club m» satortaJsed by lira. Bcudder Sunday afrsraooa. A mesd b«aiitiful dinner waa asrved. whieh pregrsssed with every eridsne* of stlquetto.

f J ___ - ° t

In biblical time#-the strongest rope was made of strips of carnet hide, as still used by some tribe# of Arabs German breweries are manufacturing a form of yeast to be mixed with stock foods to Increase their nourishing qualities The darkness "ot er all tha land” (Matthew xxvil. 46). attending the crucifixion, haa been attributed to an eclipse. Cinnamon was Imported into Palestine by the Phoenicians and Arabians. It ts now found In Sumatra, Borneo and China, but of the beat quality in Ceylon. No historical account of an acltpsa o* the sun occurs In ths Bible, but there are passages In the prophets which contain manifest allusion to this phenomenon. The word brigandine Is used in Jsremlah xivi, 4, to signify a coat of mall, Milton says: "Then put on all thy gorgeous arms, thy helmet, and hrigandln# of brass.” ® The Jews learned ths art of brtek ® making In Egypt In Isaiah IxV, 3, complaint to made that the people built altars of brick instead of unhewn atone, as ths law directed. That the ancient orientals mads use of wins mads from ths dats palm trss ia svldstrt from Herodotus, Strabo and Pliny. This tree, ? ones abundant in Palestine, is now rars. Cinnamon is mentioned in Exodus xxx, 28. as one of the component parts of the holy anointing oil which Moses was dlrfected to prepare. In Revelations xvtll, it is enumerated among the merchandise of the great Babylon. Earthquakes, more or less violent, have been of frequent occurrence In Palestine. One of the most violent occurred in the reign of Uzzlah, This was • connected by Josephus with ths saorllege and punishment of that monarch The following countries are republics: Andorra, Argentina. Bolivia. BtazlL Chile, China. Colombia. Costa Rica. Cuba. Ecuador, France. Guatemala, Haiti, Honduraa, Liberia, Mexico. Peru, Portugal, Salvador. San Marino, Santo Domingo, Switzerland. United Statee. Uruguay and Yenezueto Fewer lives were lost In American coal mines during 1910 than In anv year during the last ten, notwithstanding the fact that more men were employed during the year than ever before, and more coal was mined. The number of min# WOTkers aggregated more than RO.OfiO^ it Is said; those killed by accident averaged less than m to every 1,<»9 workera. Five years ago J. Elihu Root Kunamann boasted of owning 100 fuifo of clothes He waa shabby when a New York Judge sentenced him to from five to nine years in prtoon. To prwe fine cloths# maJ|e little more than ilna show windows, Kunimann had been convicted of stealing iaS,0M from Insurance funds left in tnwt for widows and orphans. Thd Hebrew word pitch In the authorized version of the Scrlpturss (<3«nesls vl. 14) is connectsd with "‘^phsp wood ” It probably slgalfisd In foe firirt Instance the gum or rssin that exuded from that tree. Hence it was transferrea to all Inflammabie substances, and especially to sulphur, which Ii found on the shores of the Dead sea (Genesis xix. U) "To the Presldenb-Would advise you to come here and imond dajr arlth me In store. A hundred sure ways to settle every strike and European war sprung her# every twenty-four hours. You would rendsr great service to us by getting some ideas here " Thus ran a tslegram rscelved recently at the WhHe House from the proprietor of a cigar store In an Ohio town. DMplte the prevaiUng high prices, a shrewd citizen of Gloucester, Masu., recenUy obtained a quantity of potatoec of the finest kind for a comparatively small sum A fbw weeks ago he advertised in a local i»per that he would give 15 for the best ptHato given him within a certain time. Tor a number ot days foltowing oredmens continued to pour in until he hadT>ver six barrels. Considerable sentlineat against the use of electricity as a means of putting unwanted anlmato out of the way is growing up among members of humane societies In various parts of the coantry. The popular belief now is that uaimato when electrocuted suffer intense agony. Members of the Humane Society, of Kansas City. Mo., have been conducting a wide IntelHgenoe campaign ta which opinions of persons frL miliar with elasctridty and expertenesd in handUng it wars obtained. These people firmly believe that eleetrlelty inflicts pain, it to said, and atroagty aflvocate the adoption of some mUd^ way of putting animals to ttoatk.