Indianapolis Leader, Volume 2, Number 17, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 December 1880 — Page 2

LEADER, P0BLISBEP EVERY SATURDAY BT: CO., OFFICE, 12 MILLER'S BLOCK Corner Illinois aad Market Sits. J. D. BAQBY, Buciness Manager. Intend m arcend-cliss matter at the Postoffice At Indianapolis, lad. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Bio gl Copy, 1 yar......... " 6 months 1 month .12.00 - l.oo . .50 - .20 CI at of six 1 Tear, each copy. 1.75 1.50 ten, 1 year, each copy... THIS PAPER 52 be found on file at P. RoweU A Co.'a Newspaper Advertising Bureau (lOSprcce St ) where adrertUing contracts may be made for It in -MW TORK The Democratic party, like Sara Bernhart, is thin devilish thin, sir. General Schofield joins with the cadets in trying to keep colored boys out of the military academy. Indianapolis Journal. And thus disgraces the uniform of & United States soldier. Hon. Linus A. Burnett, of Terre Haute, is prominently spoken of for Trustee of the Southern Prison. Mr. Burnett is a life-long Republican, and his selection for this responsible trust would reflect honor and credit upon the Legislature. "Will the Indianapolis Leader . inform us as to the whereabouts of its swearing editor? "We miss his cheerful yet earnest "cussin" of the Democracy.- Sentinel (Trenton, N. J.) He's aroun' an' jes' as lively as a cricket. But what's the use of usin "cuss words when the beast dead? 13 Hon. W. K. McKeen, of Terre Haute, was in the city this week, stopping at the New-Denison. Mr. McKeen was a prominent candidate for the Gubernational nomination before tho Republican convention last June, and not a lew oi our Hoosier Legislators think he is just the man to succeed Senator McDon aid. While not a candidate for the senatorial succession, yet his selection to fill that important station would give great satisfaction to the party throughout the State. It is claimed by some of our newspapers that the Senatorial struggle has narrowed down to General Harrison, Judge Gresham, and Hon. John C. New. The friends of General Harrison claim that he will be nominated on the first ballot; the friends of other candidates are not willing to concede this. It is evident that while we are to have a sharp struggle for the Senatorial prize, it will be short and not promotive of much rancor and animosity between the friends of opposing candidates. The fight that is being ' made against General Harrison for ' the Senate because he is a gentleman and attends to his own business, is un worthy of any true Republican. So many good men are candidates lor the Senatorship that The ."Leader feels constrained to preserve & strict neutrality, but we can not rosist the temptation to condemn this base . appeal to the prejudices of the ignorant. The fact that General Harrison is a gentleman and a scholar certainly should not militate against him. Brethren, do help the manager to the 20,000 cash subscribers he wishes to get for the Christian Recorder. Remember every one makes the 20,000 one less. When tbig number is reached, then we can double our size and give twice as much news as now. Christian Recorder. The Christian Recorder ought to have fifty thousand .subscribers among the colored people of the United States. It is by all odds the best religious journal published by colored men on this continent. " We have noted with pleasure the marked improvement of the paper under the present editorial and business management. The colored people of New York have sent an address to Gen. Garfield, calling upon him in the name of the' 40,000 colored voters ofthat State, who decided the contest in favor of the Republican ticket, to give them their just share ef recognition in the distribution of official patronage. There is a feeling among the colored voters, especially in the close northern States, like Indiana, New York, and Ohio, that the policy of ignoring the claims of colored men for official re cognition on the "too soon'theory, has obtained long enough. In both Indiana and Ohio colored men have been elected to the Legislature by good majorities, which fact shows that the "too soon" theory is played out with the mass of Eepublican voters. Its advocacy therefore by politicians hereafter, will be without pretense of truth or good policy; and the man who advocstea it will be looked upon as one who has allowed his prejudice and greed to obscure

IIIDliPOLIS

bU beJAer judgment. All that the cotore4 voter demands is a- fair and honorable recognition in the distribution of official patron

age. There are p'entv of colored men who have rendered efficient service to the party, and who are quali fied to fill respectable and responsible positions. Mere menial positions will not suffice now, and managers must understand this. We are Republican to the core, but we do not 1 W -ft wisn our KepuDiicanisni and our color to be any further barrier to our official recognition. COLOIIOPIIOBIA AMONG CATH OLICS. We have always been told that the Catholic Church, as an organized ecclesiastical body, knew and recognized no difference among men on account of race, color, or condition. Indeed, we have been lead to under stand that one of the chief advantages which recommended it to the Negroes of this country, was the fact that within the precincts of its authority, all races of men stood on one com mon basis of equality, and received alike its ministrations to the intel lectual and spiritual wants of man kind. There is no doubt but that what few colored people aro found in the Catholic Church, in this country, have been drawn thither by a belief similar to that expressed above But the deliberations of tho Catholic bynod, at bt. Johns Cathedral in this city this week, and the conclus ions arrived at leave the Catholic Church in the same contemptibly foolish attitude as that occupied by some of the Protestant sects. It seems that the question of grant ing equal privileges to white and colored communicants in tho church and to white and colored children in the schools a rather queer question to arise among the only accredited agents on earth of Christ aoid His apostles was under discussion Father Andran, of Jeffersonville, and others were strongly in favor of an official order establishing complete equality in the church and school, but on the other side it was argued that such was the strength of the prejudice against color in some localities, that great difficulty would be experienced in extending equal priv lieges to colored people in church and school. It was finally decided to leave the matter to tho discretion of the priests. This is much after tho style in which other denominations dispose of this matter. Go preach ye to all nations separately, is the way in which many modern American religionists interpret the divj.no injunction to spread the gospel. Imagine for a moment Christ ard His Apostles discussing the question as to whether Ethiopians, Jews jr.d Greeks should be taught and jireached to separately or together. The thought is ludicrous. Anj' kind of religion, whether Protestant or Catholic, which makes distinction among its followers on account of their color, is a cheap kind of stuff, and the less of it a man has, the better off he is in this world and the next. We are informed that Judge A: B. Carleton, of Terre Haute, who, it will be remembered, was Senator Voorhees pioneer exodus witness from Indiana last winter, now has one of the female exodusters in his domestic employ. The object of the J udge's pilgrimage to Washington was to prove that while the harvest was great in Indiana, yet the supply of laborers already on the ground was largely in excess of the demand. It seems, however, that in his vicissitudes in search of domestic servants, he has been compelled to make a draw on the North Carolina supplies of last winter. Sich is life. Out of your own mouths are ye condemned. "We ask our friends the country over to remember that we, on account of slavery, have not those restraints and polishing influences around our firesides that we so much need, and which can be found in these boarding schools and universities. Send your children to the places, if you have to live on two meals a day, and let these blessings be imparted to "them. Athens (Ga.) Blade. The Report of the Secretary of the Interior. Washington, D. C, Dec. 1. In his last annual report the Secretary of the Inteilor gives a review not only of the operations of the past year, but of the four years of his administration. The larger part of the report is devoted to Indian affairs. In his opening chapter upon the subject the Secretary gives an explanation on the important change which has taken place with regard to the reserva tion system, lie says, aitnougn at nrst acceptin as he found it. the reservation policy which ha bo long been followed by the Indian Office, more extensive observation and study of the matter gradually convinced him that this was a mistaken policy. It would be better for the Indian, and more in accordance with Justice as well as wise expediency, to respect their home attachments, to leave them on the lands they occupied, provided such lands were capable of yielding them subsistence by agriculture or pastoral pursuits, and to begin and follow up the practice of introducing among them habits and occupations of civilized life on the ground they inhabited. In view of the fact also that the maintenance of the system of large reservations against the pressure of white Immigration and settlement would, in course of time, become impracticable, a different policy has been followed having for is object the settlement of Indians on lands In severalty; the disposal for their benefits of lands not required for this purpose, and gradually to prepare the way for their final incorporation into the body politic as independent and self-relying men, invested with all the rights which other inhabitants of the country possess. The results already accomplished in pursuance of this policy and promising an outlook In the same direction are described In general terms and illustrated by specific aeeounts of progress made by Individual tribes. The Secretary does not make any recommendation of importance with regard to land pant railroads, but recapitulates their last an-

nual report, and state a the result of an investigation made by the Government Auditor that

tneir property is In Rood condition, their earnings have largely Increased, and that although the rates both for freight and passengers have been reduced. It is believed there will be with the filling up of the country west of the Missouri remu nerative business enough for each one of them. uuring tne present Administration the agricul ture labor of the Indians has been moretVju: doubled In quantity and valne. The figures si ow that the civilhted and uncivilized tribes together cultivated last year 472.738 acres of land, or about one and three-fourths acres to each man. woman and child, upon the estimate that the total Indian population of the country is 250.000. Secretary Schura expresses a firm belief that agriculture industry Indians Mould be greatly stimulated, and Its product much Increased ll an assurance were given to them that they will be secure in the possession of their lands. The Secretary in a subsequent part of the report calls especial attention to a bill already submitted by him to Congress, which provides for a division of the farm tracts among Indians in severalty on their respestive reserva tions; the issuance of patents to them individually, and their investment with a fee-simple title to their farms, and hopes it will receive tne early consideration of Congress. The Secretary contmues: "I desire also to call attention once more to the bill repeatedly introduced in Congress extending over the Indian Reservations, the jurisdiction oi courts. of States or Territories. in which such Reservations are located, giving the Indians standing Ih such Courts, and securing to them the full benefit of the laws. I venture to express the hope that Congress may uot adjourn again without having taken actio upon these important measures, so essential to the progress and security of our Indian wards." Continuing his account of civilizing agencies employed by the present Administration, the Secretary mentions, next to agricultural pursuits, the Introduction ot freighting ana mechanical pursuits among the Indians. He hays: "Last year 8 experiment of employing Indians as freighters, with their own ponies, has proved to be one of the most benefioient innovations ever made in the Indian management. Nearly 2,000 freight wagons have been in use by the Indians this rear, with a result of saving con siderable money to the Government, compared with the amounts formerly paid for the same transportation (of supplies, etc., to the Agencies), beside furnishing a civilizing and welcome em ployment to a large number of otherwise restless Indians. The unmber oi Indian youins learn ing trades in the workshops at the Agencies has Increased from ISo last autumn to a this year, The policy of employing Indians as workmen, and even n foremen and machinists at the Agencies. has'een continued and extended, with great success. ttricK mating has been begun, ana tne houses for the Indians are now almost exclusive ly built bv the Indians themselves. The antituce shown by the Indians lor mechanical work has in many cases been surprising, and is considered ae serving of every possible encouragement. The expressions of an anxious desire on the part of the Indians belonging to tne so-caiiea wna inoes to have their children instructed In the ways of civilized life. have, it is stated, crown so numer ous and ureent that the inadequacy of the means placed at the disposal of the Department for this purpose has become particularlv'painful. "The desire and purpose of the Department is to largely Increase the present small numtier ot industrial boarding schools for the Indian youth, as the day schools at the Agencies do not withdraw pupils from the Influences of home surroundlnsrs sufficiently to facilitate a change in their habits of daily life." The report next mentions as another important civilizing agency largely introduced under the present Administration, the organization of a police force consisting of Indians, which has been put In operation at forty Agencies. The force now consists of 162 officers and 6ö:i privates. Its benefits, both as a means oi maintaining good order and as a moral influence upon the Indian tribes among whom it has been established, are set forth as worthy of special notice. "Looking at the present condition of things, it may be said, without exaggeration, that on the whole the Indian situation is now more hope ful than ever before. The desire of the Indians to maintain friendly relations with their white n-jighbors, to go to work for their own support, to cultivate the soil, to acquire permanent homes, to have their children educated, and to assimilate themselves to the civilization of the country is erowine stronger and more general every day." Secretary Schurz remarks that experience has strengthened his conviction (which, as this is his last report, he now feels at greater lioerty to express! that the management of Indian affairs should continue to be intrusted to the civil and not to the military branch of the public service. His argument on this topic haa been fully fore shadowed in former annual reports. He again SFSSSSi erals Sherman. Haruey. Terry and Augur, in which these distinguished ofheers of the army said, among other things of the same purport: "If we Intend to have war with them (the Indians of the United States) the Indian Bureau should eo to the Secretary of War. If we intend to have peace it should be in the Civil Department." I desire to say that it has not been the purpose of this Department, under my administration while amending all unnecessary outlaxsof money to cut down expenses, merely for the purpose of making a striking exhibition of economy. The history of Indian affairs shows that the pledged saviDg has not unfrequently led to serious trouble and very costlv complications. I am now con vinced that generous appropriations for agricultural implements, for stock cattle, to be distributed among the Indians, and for edu cational facilities made at this time, when the temper of our whole Indian population is such as to receive such aid in the right spirit and use the advantages conferred for general and rapid ad vancement will produce results certain to acceler ate one of the greatest difficulties we have so far been contending with, and will consequently bring about a great saving of money in the luture. hen an Indian lives in a nouse wnicn ne con siders his own and that of his family, as now thousands of families are living, and many more thousauds desire to live; when he cultivates his acres, has them fenced by his own labor, and enjoys the products of his agricultural work, either by ms own con sumption or sale of surplus; when he owns his plow and his wagon, and uses the latter with his ponies in freighting, oy wnicu ne earns iioerai waxros: when he has his cows and swine and poultry on his land, the care of which he finds useful and profitable; when he can send his children to school and begins to hope that they may become as civilized and prosperous as whi te he will soon cease to tninic oi leading a ife of a nomad, and the thought of war will no longer have any charm for him." The report also entere Into many Interesting : netalis concerning the present condition of individual tribes. The case of the Poncas receives minute attention. The injustice done them by their original removal from their Dakota lands is fully described, but it is also clear to the Sec retarv that it would be contrary alike to their own interests and to those of the country at large to remove them from their present homes, "Attempts by evil disposed persons to invade Indian Territory, and to take possession of cer tain unoccupied lands there, have so far been successfully frustrated by the prompt action of the Government, but they nave been as persis tently repeated. It is reported that another attempt is In preparation now. The military forces of the united States in the Territory are instructed to arrest intruders and to take proper measures to bring tnem to justice as they have done heretofore. But it is evident that the penalty .imposed upon repeated intrusion into Indian Territory, which penalty consists in a mere fine and is difficult of enforcement, is not sufficient to deter lawless characters from such undertakings. I concur with the Commisssoner in recommending that a law be passed adding the penalty of imprisonment to that of a fine. If this is done invaders will know such attempts are not without serious risks to them." Referring to the measures instituted by the Department to put a stop to depredations on public timber ianas, tne secretar reports that they have been highly successful During the past three years upward of $240,000 have been turned into the Treasury as the result of keeping the Department's special agents in the field to detect and prosecute wholesale timber trespassers, and the illicit cutting and exportation of timber from public lands along our coasts, which had grown to an enormous yearly aggregate, has been almost entirely arrested. The Secretary again urges upon the attention of Congress the great desirability of enacting laws to provide for the proper preservation of our loresu by preventing the reckless waste which now at tends the cutting of timber in many parts of the country without restraint. The secretary recommends liberal annronrla tions for the extension of the geological survey all over the United States and the adoption by legislative enactment of Commissioner Bentley's plan for taking evidence on pension cases by oral examinations throughout the country.- He concurs with Commissioner Larble in asking an increased force of clerks and examiners for the Patent Office. He recommends early action upon the public land commissions bill, and indorses General Walker's recommendations for authority to secure the prompt publication of the census reports by special contract, and in view of the present and prospective need of additional accommodations for the work of the Interior Department, Postofhee Department and other Government offices now extensively ccupying rented quarters, he recommends that four new Government buildings of adequate size be erected on the three blocks surrounding Lafayette Square.oppoeltetthe Executive Mansion. The report also contains, among other matters not above indicated, a series of synopses of reports furnished under special instructions of the Department by the Governors of the various Territories, setting forth their material resources and their respective attractions for immigrants. Annual Report of Secretary Thompson. Washington, Dec. 2. The annual report of Secretary Thompson has been made public. The total gross amount available for the year was $14,706,642. subject to a deduction by a surplus warrant of fl.PJH, which leaves thnet amouut at $14,704,644. The expenditures were f 12,91 6,63'., leaving a balance unexpended at the end of the year of $1.7S8,004. To this, however, should be added the net amount unexpended in the hands of pay officers.as shown at the office of the Fourth Auditor, $.$55,677, which shows that the net expenditures for the fiscal year were $2,141,682 less than the amonnt applicable therefor. The number of navy pensions on the roll on June 30, 1880, was 3,330, and the amount paid during thj year on occount of pensions was $752,771. The total amount available for operations of the present fiscal year, ending June 30, 1881, is $5,0J5.061, and the total estimates for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1882, are $15,953,761, The Secretary recommends the repeal of the proviso to the act of June 17, 1878, so as to restore to the President the authority to appoint ten cadet midahipmen-at-large annually. Calling attention to the growing commercial

Importanc of the Central and South American States, w here the trade is to pass entirely out of our hands, if prompt and vigorous measures are not taken to secure it, the Secretary' continues: "All that the Navy Department can properly do to this end has been done. I have deemed it an important public duty to seud our ships of war into as many of her ports as iossible, with a view of enabling the

authorities and people of those countries to un derstand that ft is our desire to continue with them the most amiable commercial relations, and that both their own and ours would be thereby promoted. The products of South America, which reach the Pacific Coast, can only reach this country by way of San Francisco or the Isthmus oi i'anama, consequently I have also felt it my duty to inaugurate such steps as were calculated to establish more relations with the states and people upon each side of that Isthmus. The authority of the Secretary of the Navy is limited upon this subject, and does not extend beyond stations at points where our vessels touch, or may be induced to touch in order to promote, commercial intercourse where it is already established, and to invite it where it is not. I have therefore caused steps to be taken for the establishment of a coalery station on each side of the Isthmus, at points eminently suitable, both as regards naval uses and commerce in that region. The one on the east side is located at C'hirlqiic Lagoon, in the Carribean Sea, and in the immediate vicinity of veins of coal already opened, and that on the west. at the Bay of Gold to. a part of the Gulf of Dulceou, thel'ncific. The distance between them is less than 100 miles. The only two safe and commodious harbors on the Isthmus are at these points, and although the Department did not. before making the deposit of coal aciuire the title to lands occupied, yet it assured itself that no difficulty will be likely to arise on that score. Although it was not anticipated that any political objection would lie made to a preliminary examination and sur vey ot those waters, with so useful an object to those ports, as well as to this Government, in view, yet careful instructions were given to the commanders of the vessels assigned to the ierforinance of the duty, to the effect that if either Government intended any objtction to the movement they should immediately suspend operations and reiort the matter to the Depart ment, in order that it might le made the subject of diplomatic negotiation. Inasmuch, however. as no obstacle ol this kind was encountered, either at L'hsrique, Lagoon or Golfito, coal in sufficient quantities was deposited at each harbor, and now remains there for future use by our vessels, whenever it may be needed. The question of acquiring a title to sufficient quantity of land upon these harbors is necessarily leu for the sub sequent action of the Government. The initiatory steps have also been taken to establish a like station at Puiita-Arenas. in Costa Rica, and it is believed the Department will be enabled to accomplish this before the expiration of manv months. It would be greatly to the advantage of the United States, and contribute much toward the economical management ol the Navy Depart ment, if acquisitions similar to thos I have main tained were made in other parts of the world within the courses our existing and contemplated omraeroe. The strong maritime powers of Europe employ great vigilince in this particular. and we should not be behind them in doing what we legitimately and properly can to extend our maritime influence over the world." In concluding his report Secretary Thompson calls attention to the special relations between the navy and the commerce of the country. "The subject." he says, "has pained fresh importance by the constantly increasing surplus of our agricultural and manufacturing products, now being sent by sea to all parts of the world. To this immense commerce the navy is a necessary ally, and must at all times be prepared to furnish it protection. It is impossible to do this effectually unless a sufficient number of the right kind of vessels are constructed, not for cruisers mere ly, but for all purposes of war. when an emerg ency shall require it. The cruisers we now have are constantly employed in various seas, and it is gratif ying to know that our flag is so much re spected in all parts of the world; that very few instances have oc curred where our merchant vessels have been interfered with, but undoubtedly it is true that whether the navy be regarded as a protector of our commerce or as an essential means ot defense, the numltor of vessels should be increased. It is equally true that good policy re quires the National Government to employ all its legitimate powers to Increase the strength oi our mercantile marine, so that it may become commensurate w ith all the wants and necessities of our commerce. The increase of one should be proportionate to that of the other. Our material wealth is in a large degree the products of our commerce uion the ocean. As this is extended so will our wealth be increased, and as at no time In the past has this wealth increased so rapidly as at the present. Now is a most opportune time for us to extend to it the necessary degree of protection. This is conceded on all hands, but about the best method of doing it there are differences of opinion. It is not the province of Congress to build vessels for the merchant service, nor is it expedient or possible to allow commercial articles to be transported upon vessels of war, but itundoubt edly is within its Constitutional powers to give the necessary protection to our ship building interests, so as to justify an increase of our mercantile marine to such an extent as the necessities of our commerce shall require. It is entirely competent to arrange with private ship-builders with reference to the extensiou of our postal service upon the Ocean, and to require that the vessels used for that purpose shall be so constructed that In event of war they may be employed immediately Such vessels built both for strength and speed. would add most materially in case of necessity to our means of National defense and Increase bur national force by this means, would soon enable us to compete upon the ocean with the strongest Naval powers in the world. England owes her present naval superiority to this policy, and it serves a valuable purpose to contrast our condition with hers. Unless we shall profit by her example; so long as her mer chant vessels, built under her protection and patronage, are allowed to draw annually from our wealth 5100,000,000 as compensation for freighting our commeree, just so long will our inferiority exist. Whenever ourlown commerce shall be carried on vessels owned and built by our own people capable of being turned into ships of war when necessary, then we shall reach a point of equality with her and be pre pared, wnen the necessity snail arise, to test with her the question of superiority upon the sea. Before the war we had nearly succeeded in running the British vessels from the ocean, and since then have contented oHrselves with uttering complaints against England lor her agency in destroying on while war was in progress. The time for acti and energetic measures has now arrived, and every future year of neglect will add to our infe riority." Garfield Makes a Speech Electors. to the Ohio Cleveland, O., Dec. 2. During a visit of the Ohio Electors at Mentor to-day in response to the address oi General urosvenor In their behalf. uenerai uarneict addressed tnem as tollows: I am deeply grateful to you for this call, and for tnese personal and public congratulations. If I were to look upon the late campaign and its re suit merely In the light of a personal struggle and a personal success, it would probably be as gratifying as anything could be in the history ot pontics, li my own conduct aunug tne cam paign has been in any way a help and a strength to our cause, I am glad, it is not always an easy thing to behave well. Jl. under trying circum stances my behavior as a candidate has met your approval, l am gratified, but the larger subject, your congratulations to tne country on the tri umph of the Republican party, opens a theme too vast for me to enter upon now. I venture. however, to mention a reflection which has oc curred to me. In reference to the election of yes terday. I suptosc that no political event has hap pened in all the course of the contest since the early spring which caused so little excitement and, Indeed, so little public observation as the Presidential election which was held yesterday at midday. The American people paid but little attention to the details of tne real Presidential election, and for a very significant reason, although you ana all the members of the Electoral Colleges had the absolute constitutional and technical ngnt to vote lor anybody you choose, and though no written law directed or suggested, yet every American knew that the august sovereign of this Republic, the niHe millions of voters, on an early day in November had pronounced the omnipotent tiat of the choice, and that the sovereign, assuming as done that which he had ordered to be done, entertained no doubt that his will would be implicitly obeyed by all the colleges in all the States. That is the reason why the people were so serenely quiet yesterday. They had never yet found an American who failed to keep his trust as a Presidential Elector. From this thought I drav this. lesson: That when that omnipotent sovereign, the American eoplc, speaks to any one man and orders him to do a duty, that man is under the most solemn obligations of obedience which can be conceived. except which the God of the universe might impose upon nim. It is probable (the returns will show) that our great political sovereign has laid his commands upon me. If he has done so. 1 am as bound by his will and his great inspiration and purpose as I could be bound by any consideration that this earth can impose upon any human being. In that presence, therefore, I stand, and am awed by the majesty and authority of such a command. In so far as I can interpret the best aspirations and purposes of our august sovereign I shall seek to realize them. You and I and those who have acted with us in the years past believe that our sovereign loves liberty, and desires for all the inhabitants of the Republic jeace and prosperity uuder the sway of just and equal laws. Gentlemen, I thank you for this visit, for this welcome, for the suggestions your presence and your words bring, and for the hope that you have expressed, that in the arduous and great work before us we may maintaiu the standard of nationality and promote all th it is good and worthy in this country, and during the coming four years we may raise just as large a crop of peace, prosperity. Justice, liberty and culture as it is possible for forty-nine millions of people to raise. Governor Foster was master of ceremonies, pre senting the visitors to General Garfield. After an interchange of greetings two hours were passed in social intercourse", after which the company returned here and dispersed for their homes, ex cept Governor Foster, who remained at Mentor. Political Matters iu Mexico. Galveston. Tex.. De. 2. The News Browns ville special says: "Telegrams from Mexico an nounce that General Diaz has accepted the portioiio or tne public worits. "In President Gonzale's Cabinet J. Marscal will be Secretary of State. President Gonzales was inaugurated yesterday." .

ALIVE AT 102. Most Remarkable Family The Largest Man in America. Honesdale, November 19, Correspondence Philadelphia Times.

Lewis Rockwell, aged 102 j-ears, lives in a rickety old house in Pike County, Pennsylvania," not far from this place. He is the eldest of a family remarkable for the longevity of its members, Of the Rockwell family there are eight brothers and sisters yet living. They are: Lewis Rockwell, aged 102; Abram Rockwell, ninety-five; Mrs. Annie Wells, eighty-three;' Miss Sallie Rockwell, seventy-nine; Eliza Rockwell, seventy-seven; Mrs. Phebe Gainsford, seventyfive; Mrs. Katherine Brown, seventythree, and Mrs. Lucinda Valentine, seventy. The aggregate age of this family is 643, or an average of over eighty years each. ' In spite of the fact that he has many wealthy relations, old Rockwell has been thrown upon the town and is now nearly the only. ."town charge" in the County. Lewis Cornelius, who died some years ago, was a connection of the Rockwell family. He was at one time the largest man in America, being considerable larger than the celebrated Daniel Lambert, Barnum's giant. Mr. Cornelius' dimensions are entered upon the record books in the Prothonotary's office at Milford, Pike County, as follows: "Lewis Cornelius Born 1794. "Height, 6 feet. "Circumference below waist. 8 feet 2 inches. "Circumference above waist, 6 feet i inches "Circumference of arm above elbow, 2 feet 2 inches. "Circumference of arm below elbow, 1 foot 6 inches. "Circumference of wrist, 1 foot 3 inches. "Circumference of thigh, 4 feet 2 inches. "Circumference of leg, 2 feet 7 inches. "Circumference of ankle. 1 foot 7 inches. "Weight, without any clothing whatever, 645 pounds." This is the only authentic record of Mr. Cornelius' size extant. As he had been sick some time, he lost over fifty pounds of his weight. He was not weighed until after his death, and when in full health would have tipped the scales at 700 pounds. His wife was a very slight woman, and weighed just 100 pounds. They had three sons. whose weight was 815 pounds, an average of zziounds each. Ihe only surviving son, John Cornelius, now weighs 3G0 pounds. TABLE GOSSIP. A visitor at Venice complains that gon dolas are painfully suggestive In their gen eral get up of floating hearses. During the past fifty years 2,400 persons have been sentenced to death in r ranee and of this number 1,461 have been executed, while 939 were pardoned or obtained a commutation oi tneir sentence. A mound near Swansea, supposed to con tain geological and antiquarian treasures, was opened for the edification of a large rartv of men of science of the British Asso ciation. A member of Parliament supervised the ceremony, but the mound proved to be nothing more imposing than a gravel and bowlder heap, "accumulated by the centripetal action of two small springs which met at the spot." Amos Briggs was the tallest and fattest man in Northern Georgia. "Seeing you're so big," said Henry Carter to him on meeting him at the country store, "it's strange I couldn't hit you last night. I fired twice from a distance of forty rods, I guess, and never touched you." Briggs knew that Carter was his enemy, but this was his first intimation that the firing he had heard was aimed at him. Carter added: "Here's for you at short range," and drew a pistol, but bystanders disarmed him. Ex-Minister Seward thinks it is highly Jrobable that the United States Commission las succeeded in negotiating a satisfactory treaty with China. He is certain that the Chinese do not care to promote the emigration interest He is quoted by the San Francisco Call as saying: "They look for an honorable and amicable settlement, and, in memory of their old friendship for the United States, are ready to concede a point in our favor. But it is unnatural that, when asked to give up a treaty privilege, they should seek a quid pro quo? Trade gen erally enters into diplomacy, as into ordi nary a flairs in life." The Second Presbyterian Church, of Chi casro. has called Rev. John Macintosh, of Belfast, Ireland, at a salary of $8,000 a year. The Committee who chose him think it necessary to offer the following explanation: "NVe canvassed the country throughly to find an American-born and Amencan-edu cated minister to present as the candidate for the pastoral office of the Church, and on whom the Church could unite, but have not been able to find the suitable person for the nlace who would or could be moved. Mr. Macintosh, whom we recommend to you, is a native-born American, of Scotch paren tage and Irish education, and this means a thoroughness of education that qualifies him to till any pulpit in the land. In 17G5 Legozt calculated that there were in France 79,000 Monks and 80,000 Nuns. The number of Monks is now far behind what it was a century ago, but the number of Nuns is considerably above it. Eighty-six different Orders of Monks are represented in France, and thev have 2.026 establishments; 281 different Orders of Nuns are represented and thev have 12.004 establishments. Seventy-two per cent of the Monks and 65 per cent of the Nuns are engaged in education: 2 per cent, of the Monks and 22 pei cent, of the Nuns are engaged in attending on the sick, and 22 per cent, of the Monks and k per cent, of the IS uns are aevotea to a purely contemplative life. Albert Wolff tells how, once upon a time, he and some of his chums, hearing that Offenbach was coming to Elretat, organized a triumphal reception in his nonor. A col lection of arms and costumes was procured from a friend s house, and halt a dozen hal berdiers, worthy of a place in the forces of the Grand Duchess of Oerolstein, were drawn up in military array in front of the hotel. A boy, attired as a herald,, was mounted on a jackass, and two toy cannon thundered a salute, while the halberdiers presented arms, olff himself came forward, and presented the keys of tne hotel on a plated salver to the maestro, who ' ac cepted the whole thing with effusion, didn t see through it a bit, and, as the tears stood in his eyes, exclaimed: "Oh, but this is too much, too much!' The Empress Eugenie aspired to ' be the leader of dress and fashion, and many a middle-class family in England was sorely embarrassed by the long dressmakers' bills which an imitation of her innumerable and always expensive costumes entailed. Several crowned heads m Europe, however, deter mined not to accept the parvenu Empress as their guide. The late Empress of Russia passed through Dijon and Lyons with her husband in 18G5, on her way to Nice, and the Courrier de Lyon recorded that her attire would have been despised by a shopkeeper's wife, but then the courtly journal added "When the lady has the honor of being the wife of the hmperor tx all the Kussias, such simplicity is only an additional charm." The late Queen of Holland appeared at Fontaineblcau about the same time in a hat and pelisse which had done long duty at the Hague. A Harvard law student of acknowledged uprightness was convicted in a Cambridge Court last Wednesday of sign-snatching on the testimony of a single police officer as against his own solemn assertion of his in nocence, sustained by the sworn evidence of five of his fellow-students. The Court would seem to have held that it was more probable that six young men would deliberately swear falsely in an issue of this kind than that a police officer could be mistaken in identifying a strange face or form among over a hundred students, in a dark night and at a time of no little excitement or confusion. If the real offender were to come forward and confess it would make the police officer and the magistrate open their eyes. The times must be degenerate if the oaths of six voung men of education and fortune are not worth as much as that of a policeman. Count Drohojeski, a youthful Polish patrician of Lemberg, was entertaining a select circle of noble friends at a card party, and. while his attention was riveted upon - . 0 i X. - 1 the game, had tne misionune 10 De dis turbed bv the langling strains of a barrel organ, played by a poor old blind man who had contrived to enter the courtyard of the house in the hope of earning a few , kreutzers. Moved to ungovernable indignation hr this intrusion uoon his privacy, the Count took down a loaded fowling piece . . i a . a r j from his gun-racK, mrew open me winaow,

and, taking deliberate aim at the audacious organ-grinder, dexterously shot him in the neck. The old man was conveyed to the nearest hospital -on a stretcher, and the

noble marksman resumed his game; but, greatly to his astonishment and disgust, was presently arrested by the police and conveyed to prison, where lie now lies, awaiting his trial for the murderous assault. In Berlin the average number of horses killed for food this year has been 450 per month, while last year it was 350. All the horses eaten are killed in a central slaughter louse, and each hores before it is killed is carefully examined by two veterinary sur geons. At the present time the butcher pays about forty-two marks, or $10.50 for a piece of horseflesh weighing from 2o0 to JOO pounds, but he retails it at forty pfennige or about ten cents) a pound for the met, twenty-five pfennige per pound for other pieces, and twenty pfennige for parts only lit to be made into sausages; and as horseflesh is naturally very dry, a good deal of it can be utilized Dy being mixed with lard and converted into sausages, which are, it is suspected, largely consumed by persons who are little aware of what thev are eating. In one or two other uerman towns the con sumption of horseflesh is. in proportion to their population, even larger than in Berlin Reminiscences of a Police Reporter. I Sew York Hour. The thieves in days gone by, said old Chief ot Police .Maxwell, were men of brains, and we had to circumvent them by stratagems secretly carried out. There was James Gibson, for example prince of pickpockets. He could rob you before your very face, at the moment when he was arguing that it could not be done. "Why, sir, ho came into my office one day and we had a little chat, 'You would not believe now," he remarked, bending toward me and pointing; to a sham diamond pin I wore in my shirt front; "that I could pick that out without your knowing it." I felt confident it could not be done, and said so. Jack laughed and chatted away he was a fine, easy, gentlemanly talker and then took his leave. In a short time he returned with the pin in his hand. remarking as he laid it on my desk, "I don't want this Hash sort o thing. ''The detectives of my force," continued the venerable officer this was Ehortl v before his death ''were shadowy, unknown, clever men, each of whom had a special aptitude for his work. There is no use in keeping a bad dog to point birds, and as little use in asking an ord'nary roundsman, who is well known by the law breakers, to catch a thief. My corps of detectives I divided up, and special men were sent to do a special class of work. The system worked admirably. One of the finest of mv men in those days was John lieid. He actually had the power of put ting one of bis eyes out of sight, thus dis guising himself so that no man could recog nize him. Captain "Williams used to say that there was much humbug about the 'mystery which the popular idea attaches to detec lives' work and the shrewdness of the men engaged. Ho mentioned in illustration, an arrest of river pirates. One stormv nierht in 1875, a boatload of ruffians boarded some schooners anchored in the North River off Communipaw, overpowered and nearly murdered the crews, rifled the cabins and escaped. Later, that same night, a man lounged into a saloon on the wharves, sat down by the fire and went to sleep. He was well known to be a thief, and another man, himself a thief, to satisfy an old grudge, "went through" his pock ets, with the hope of finding some evidence that would get him into trouble. The reward of his search was a series of bills of lading, and, thinking it auspicious, at least, he gave them to Captain Williams. The sleeping man was arrested and locked up. Next morning the Captain read in the newspapers of the piracy durin the night, and at once suspected that he ha one of the pirates. The Captain knew whom the suspected man's ''pal'' had been in other affairs and where to hnd him. Taking him into custody at once, the bruised skippers were summoned, both men were identified as having been among the assailants, and were convicted. This capture was quite an accident, yet the newspapers loudly praised the detective skill which secured so speedy an arrest of the culprits, whilst all that was really creditable to the police was their knowledge of the character of the men and their haunts and associates. Arrests are not always made so easily. Captain Byrnes, now Chief of the Detective Squad, could tell of many a frightful struggle, Sitting quietly in our homes, we little real ize what terrible things occur by night in the dark down town alleys and streets, and how stern are the duties and dangers which fall alike upon patrolmen, roundsmen and Captains. When Captain McDonnell "Fighting Charlie," as he is called by his command by a careful method of unravelling circumstantial evidence and an acute interpretation of clues had fiexd upon "Baldy" Henry as the murderer of the peddler whose killing at Hamburg, New York, excited bo much attention a few years ago, he learned that the criminal was concealed in the top floor of a house near the foot of Thompson street the very worst locality in the city for violence. Aware that he must neither lose time nor arouse suspicion by assembling a force there, the Captain went to the house at midnight, disguised and alone, mounted the rickety stairs to the third floor. There he found his culprit and surprised him into submission. The people in the house were aroused, and every man among them was capable of any deed and ready for it. But in an instant Captain McDonnell had forced his revolver into the negro's mouth and so backed the outlaw down those black stairways and through the dark and narrow halls to the street. The angry crowd knew Henry's life was the hostage for their neutrality, it was a brave thing to do, nevertheless. An Interesting Political Episode Recalled by the Recent Vote In California. New York World.l The defeat of one out of several Presidential electors in a State is an extraordinary occurrence which has just been officially declared to have happened in California. David S. Terry is the Democratic elector thus leit out in the cold." Had the pending election been as close as that of 1876 Judge Terry's defeat might have changed the complexion of our history for four years at least. There can be little doubt that the causes of this defeat lie far back of the pending election,' and must be traced to the killing of Senator David S. Broderick in a duel years ago by Judge Terry. Many old residents of the Eighth Ward remember David S. Broderick as a young Democratic "boss" in that part of New York thirtyfive years ago. "Dave," the "fire laddie" and stone-mason's apprentice, just before he left New York for San I rancisco, owned a DODular liquor saloon which was the head' quarters of the Tammany boys of Houston, Spring and Varick .street neighborhoods. Tne immediate cause of "Dave's" leaving on the first attack of the gold fever of 1819 was his unexpected aeieai ior uongress in a Democratic district, for which undoubtedly he was himself responsible, ne had become a thorough political organizer, and in his new home as a fireman and ward politician he almost immediately acquired an ascend ancy in Democratic politics. No sooner had he secured a residence than he was chosen State Senator, and by an accident during his term was made acting Lieutenant Governor. "Dave immediately aspired to bo United States Senator, and actually spent seven vears in a persistent and undaunted struggle for the prize. Three times in 1851, 1855 and 18ob he prevented a choice by the Legislature rather than see a rival chosen. In leoZ John 13. Weiler leat Broderick by only two majority. In 1853 no election for Senator occurred. In 1854 Broderick hit upon the ingenious plan of (kxsing himself in advance of the acancy and nearly succeeded in the scheme. Believed te be in 1856 as dead politically as Dennis Kearney now is, and actually so un-

popular as to be kept unae' watch by the aristocratic vigilance committee ot that period, Broderick, in !8o7, by bold political

moves was cnosen united Mates benator, and had so much power as to be able to dictate who his colleague should be, after obliging that colleatrue, Senator (win, in a memorable letter which afterward became public, to agree that Broderick f hould enjoy all the patronage. 1 his was an agreement which President Buchanan refused to acknowledge, and this led to a rupture between the President and Brcderick, who, on one occasion, on the floor of the Senate, averred that ''the President's policy toward Kansas should be ascribed to the fading in tellect, the petulant past ion atid the trembling dotage of an old n an on the verge of the grave. ' Thn ruptuu led to the deleat in California of the ßr derick Democrats at the Congressional elections. During that canvass David S.Terry, the recently rejected Hancock elector, made campaign speeches, although, like Judge Noah Davis, he was a Justice of the Supreme Court. Broderick having claimed in a stump speech that he was following the lead of Douglass, Judge Merry retorted by saying that "it was the lead, not of Stephen but of r red Douglass." Broderlck was breakfasting in the International Hotel, of San Irancisco, with Mr. Pen?vf a friend both of the Senator and of the Ji ige. when the speech was read out from a morning paper. Broderick was much nettled and lmpulfively said: "1 have said that Terry is the only honest man on the bench, but I take that back." Perley tpoke up sharply at this, and left the table to go and pen a challenge, wnicn Lfroaenck declined on the ground that he had no quarrel witk Perley, and that if he had, Perley was not his equal. Then Terry stepped into the gap and, resigning his judgeship for the purpose, sent Broderick a challenge, which was ac cepted. The duel was fought ten miles out of San Francisco, on the morning of September 13, 1859, with dueling-pistols, at a distance of ten yards. Broderick's ball struck the ground a few paces immediately in front of lerry lirod-ricks hair trigger failing hi rn while Terry' ball lodged in Broderick 8 left lung and killed him within a few days. His death was regarded by tne anti-slavery Democrats as an assassination -a sentiment which the late uenerai and Oregon Senator, E. D. Baker, made the topic of a celebrated funeral oration over "Dave" as his admirers continued to call him to the day of entombing his remains beneath & conspicuous monument in Lone Mountain Cemetery. Terry was indicted for murder and imprisoned but never tried. During the civil war he was in the Confederate army. ' After the war he returned to San Francisco and practiced law and re-entered politics. In August 1879, he unsuccessfully ran on the Kearney ticket for Attorney General. This year he was nominated as a Presidential elector. I believe he who hath not loTed Ilath half the ietuai of bis life aoproved; Like one, wt-o, batn the grape within hie graap. Drops it, with all its crimson jnice nnpreated, And all iu luscious iweetnee left UDgoeMed. Oat from hit careless and unheeding clap. I believe love pure and true I to the suul a iwet-t, immortal dew That genu life's petals in its hour of dusk. The waiting angels see and recgniz The rieh crown jewel. Love, of i'aradise, Whn life falls from ns like a withered husk. A Wouderful Perinon. We quote from Richard Henry Dana's paper, in benbner, on the late President Leonard Woods, of Bo wdin College: 'Some thirty years ago, it had been announced that President A ooda was to preach in what is now Ihe Par ich Church of the Advent, in Bowdoin street, but as then in the possession of a Congregational society, under the Easturate of Rev. Dr. Winslow. The ouse was well filled. President Woods spoke apparently without even notes. He spoke for nearly an hour and a half, of a warm summer afternoon, to a congregation which had been used to set their mental chronometers to twenty or thirty minutes. Yet it was a case of "Coriticuere omnes intcntiquo ora tenebunt," from first to last. There was not only attention, but an excited glowing attention. Iiis subject was 'The Delayed Justice of God,' the text being, Because sentence agaiiut an evil work is not executed speedily, therefore,' etc. For his space of time, and his purpose, he was the master of every one in the house, and Dr. Winslow, in hi? concluding.prayer, was so carried away that he entered unconsciously upon a eulogy on the preacher, thanking the Almighty for the great privilege we had enjoyed that day. At this time.it was rarely if ever, that a preacher bf the orthodox sects took examples or illustrations from elsewhere than the Scriptures; but in this discourse, it seemed that, as was said of Burke, there had gone out a decree that all the world should be taxed.. He drew his illustrations from all history, from all the known experience of mankind. As I have said, it is more than twenty-five years since I heard that sermon; but I can repeat, I think verbatim, many of its finest passages, and retain a clear memory of its thought and order. After some years, happening to speak with a scholarly and thooghtiul man on the subject of sermons, he said that the best he had ever heard was one by President oods, in the old meeting-house in Bowdoin street, on the delayed justice of God, and he proceeded to describe it. Again, at New York, at a gathering of men of letters, the subject of best sermons was started, and one of the number, a man of high repute as a writer, said that, chancing to be in Boston of a Sunday, some years before, he went to hear President Woods, at Bowdoin street, and there heard a discourse, on the delayed justice of God, which had ever remained in his mind the ideal sermon. Thus, the only three persons I know to have heard it, give it the first place; and I doubt if any intelligent hearer, on that day will tail, even now, to acquiesce in this judgment Trust the Children. It is vain to try to give the thoughts that surged through my young brain in that long ride to town, or how anxious I was jn the return ride lest 1 had forgotten something, or made some ill-advised purchase. But under all the anxiety and excitement was a dull pain, remembering as I did that father was not quite ready to trust me. This pain didn't leave me until, safe at home, all the purchases laid out and examined, he drew me to his knee, close by mother's sickbed, and kissing me, said, "Well done, my brave girl! Hasnt she done well, mother?" How much good that day's work, with the confidence given, did nvi in after years, giving me all needed courage when duties seemed too hard for me, I can never estimate; but the most precious of all was the thought of my mother's trust and father's approbation. It is only by such trust and teaching that children can be taught to find pleasure in labor, or in important cares. Exact labor of children as a duty, sternly command, watch with constant fault-finding and suspicion, and labor becomes drudgery, and care of any kind a terror to the young. The child either becomes stubborn, or, if timid and loving, is so nervously afraid of being blamed, that this very fear leads to prevari cation and deceit. Ahl if young mothers knew how many hours of self-reproach their mothers pass as they look back to the time when they had their little ones about them, recalling how many mistakes they made by overstnetness and lack of confidence, it might save the young mothers much after-regret, and their children from- yielding to many temptations. But each one must have her own individual experiences, and "old wives fables are not heeded until, after many mistakes in middle age, she learns to know their value. "Why should we celebrate Washington's birthday more than mine?" asked a teacher. ''Because he never told a lie!" shouted a lit tle boy, äj