Indianapolis Journal, Volume 54, Number 73, Indianapolis, Marion County, 13 March 1904 — Page 23

I AKT TTITiEE. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL., SUNDAY, MARCH 13, 1904. StriKes Do Not Pay, Says Powderly In a Talh with FranK Carpenter HER HAIR IS RED Former Head of trie Irtigrits of Labor Discusses Profit-SKaring System and OtKer Phases of the Industrial Question... Abram S. Hewitt's ExperimentAn Anecdote of Marh Hanna...Men Should Help THeir E-mployers THAT IS THE COLOR TITIAN LOVED

Chapel in Lognport Hospital

Miniature Chapel A Feature of a Logansport Hospital V ell-Equipped Refuge for the SicK That Would Do Credit to a Much Larger City

. JOSEPH'S HOSPITAL, the only institution of its kind in Logansport, has Just completed the tenth year of its usefulness in this community. Its noble corps of cus todians, the Sisur? of St. Francis, are able to point with pride to the excellent record made during the past fiscal year. The city has not as yet felt the need of a city hospital so long as St. Joseph's continues to provide for the wants of its citizens and those within Its confines who happen to require the attention cf hospital care. Without endowment. State or municipal grant or other description of fixed Income, the hospital is entirely dependent upon the -generosity of the public for the means necessary to meet its expenses. It la a Catholic charitable Institution, although non-Cat holies are cared for without distinction the same as Catholics, the question of religion, color, sex. nationality or wealth playing no part in preferment. While all classes of patients are welcomed to receive its charities and impartial treatment, the relief of the suffering por is one of its chief missions. During the year just end-d there were treated at the hospital

mrr JOSEPH'S HOSPITAL, the only 253 patients of varied nationalities and reI institution of its kino" in Lopans- llgions. I Ma Ko- 4.. mn!,tH iho tf-nth Thp hnsnital huilriine is the nronerty of

Old-Time Indiana Schools How the Boys and Maidens of Long, Ago Acquired an Education... Primitive Appliances at Old Bethany School

kRS. BALLTE PILLMAN. residing near this place, is a pioneer Clark county resident, who related a few days ago some of her experiences of early school life shortly after Indiana Joined the galaxy of States, ßhe was born near Pigeon Roost shortly after the terrible massacre there in 1K12. Borne of her kindred were slain in the butchery iy the Indians, and all of the twenty-two victims were buried on the farm now owned by Mrs. Dillman. or Aunt Salllt," as she is familiarly known, and over thsso remains the State has placed a beautiful monument to be dedicated this apring. Up to this time only a large sassafras tree marked the spot where the victims were interred, this tree being plainly visible from trains of the Pennsylvania lines which hurry past. Probably few persons ever noticed the historic tree which stands on the east side of the track on a sloping hillside. Pioneer alarms and hardships have dealt ently with the good old lady, and her lovable, motherly face, framed in silvery hair, does not record the ninety winters which have passed over It, while her still handsome figure Is full of much 'of the vigor of middle life. Her story of the pioneer Hoosler school was exceedingly interesting and Instructive, illustrating most forcibly the wonderful progress ma le since our grandparents were children and contrasting strongly the hardships and difficulties of the children of long ago with the comforts and conveniences of the little scholars of to-day. Mrs. Dillman started to school one autumn day in 120 at old Bethany School, in Monroe township, four miles east of Henryville. and in Pigeon Roost neighborhood, where settlers had built a rude log church. It had no windows or doors simply openings sawed out of the logs. Mother earth furnished the floor, and instead of the neat desk of to-day split puncheons (slabs hewn from the logs) furnished the seats. There was no fireplace or stove, the warmth being furnished by a wood fire in the center of the room, wher a pit had been dug to serve as m. fireplace. The pungent smoke rose from there, together with the heat, and wandered unhindered anywhere it listed about the building, coloring the logs a deep, rich brown and making the eyes of teacher and pupils shed penitential tears. But it was better than to suftVr from the cold. So the wee scholars grouped their puncheon benches round the fire pit and dangled their feet over the welcome warmth, experiencing no great inconvenience from what would throw a child of today into a spell of pneumonia. The teacher was a little, energetic Irishman. Jonathan McConnell. whose love was sadly divided between his dram and the children. McConnell loved his little charges well and did not whip them much, yet seems to have succeeded well with the few appliances of education which could be commanded Th ik of using such a primitive desk as Mrs. Dillman describes! A log was taken out of the wall, making a long, low tp n space, through which daylight and cold struggled In together. Below the space a couple of augur holes were bored at convenient distances apart, pegs stuck in slantingly, a puncheon laid uson these, and then- was the pioneer writing dsk at which the little pioneers tried to fashion their letters with fingers blue with cold. Aft r a while the schdol put on more style, and pap. i . ollt d or pr ased. u.i.- past d ovi r the opening, to serve th. purpose of a window. Nothing but the Three R's." reading. Ik 'ruing and rithmetic, was taught. Such a thing as a reader was long unknown, and Wl.-t.T"s blu -!.:. k "I .-p il r arwl a copy of the New Testament furnished the educational tipjipment of that day. The latter book wa.x rvad .nd memorized. Such a thing as a geography was then unheard of. as were other numerous volumes now read and studied by school children. Yet somebow the children of that far off day managed to get hold of a fair share of knowledge, and their intelli aCS is testified by th upbuilding of a great and prosperous .State. ( Mm. Dillman thinks that the present bocks pouring continually upon th. pabli is rather an evil than a bless ing. The lady thinks, and with good yea rn, that vi.- .loud book well read and di

the Sisters of St. Francis and is located on a large and heautiful tract of ground on the south bank of the Wabash river, but one block distant from one of the principal streets. It contains four commodious gen-

eral wards, several private wards, operating rooms, sleeping, dining and culinary departments and a chapel, the latter being one of the most interesting adjuncts of the institution. Nestling in a cozy nook in a remote part of the building is this miniature church, which, though small, contains all the accesories and accommodations necessary to conduct the services of the Roman Catholic Church, full and complete. It Is undoubtedly the smallest church in Indiana, and perhaps in the United States, being but nine by fourteen feet in dimensions, with a seating capacity of only fifteen grown persons. S. rvices are conducted in the chapel dally and the officiating clergyman is the veteran priest. Father John Mark, who only a few months ago celebrated the golden anniversary of his priesthood. gested ts worth a hundred carelessly skimmed over. In the early days, she says, people read and remembered. Now people cram their minds with all sorts cf Information, only to forget. School children played many of the games which are still in favor, and some which are forgotten. Among the latter was that of "deer and hounds," evidently borrowed from the experiences of the forest, still full of wild denizens. This was the favorite play of the boys, while the gentler girls made grapevine swings or played "ringle, rangle rosie." Only two of the company of twenty-five schoolmates who learned their a. b. c at old Bethany survive. Mrs. Cochran and her sister, Mrs. Nancy Collins, of Scott county. The old church has rotted down, and a frame schoolhouse occupies the site where descendants of Jonathan McConnell" s pupils are now taught the rudiments of learning. Other reminiscences, curious and pathetic, the venerable lady related, among them a pioneer burial. Such a thing as a wagon was not known in southern Indiana until 1S25, the people contenting themselves with sleds, and when a funeral procession did not have to walk too many miles, the coffin was carried by four strong men, relieved by turns by others. The entire neighborhood turned out, for a funeral was a great, if a sad event. The mourners carried hymn books, and as they slowly moved along hymn after hymn was intoned and sung until the cemetery clearing was reached. The simple ceremonies were deeply solmen and could not fail of making a deep impression. The first funeral at Bethany was that of a lad twelve years old named Charles O'Hara, and happened in 1822. In 1832 the first survey of a railroad through Clark county was made, the party of engineers camping on the Dillman farm. That road is now the Pennsylvania line, Jeffersonvllle to Indianapolis. Mrs. Diliman remembers well how amazed the people were at the idea of a railroad, an almost inconceivable thing to them, and they laughed at the surveyors when they told them that it would run over the hills and hollows and through the brush faster than a horse would travel, yes. covering the distance to Indianapolis in one day. The leading surveyor. ,Mr. Fischell. died before his project was realized, and even he would probably have been amazed had anyone told htm that the trip to Indianapolis would be made from Jeffersouville in considerably less than three hours. WILL DIETZ. Charlestown, Ind. For Those Who Like Cheese. Philadelphia Telegraph. Cheese lends itself to any number of tasty dishes. To make a cheese pudding, fill a deep baking dish with alternate layers of broken crackers (soda or sea-foam preferred), grated or chopped cheese, salt and pepper. Over the top put a tablespoonful of butter cut into bits. Pour in cold milk until it can be seen beneath the top layer of t rackers, then cover and place in a moderate oven. Uncover in half an hour and bake about fifteen minutes longer. With stale bread on hand, toast enough slices to make a good dish. Make a saute, allowing for eight slicts, two tablespoonfuls of flour, one-half of a tablespoonful of salt, onethird of a tablespoonful of white pepper and one pint of milk. Stir in one eupful of grated cheese, and as soon as it is melted pour the sauce over the hot toast. Cover and keep hot for four or five minutes, that the toast may soak and swell. Some may like to add to this sauce a tablespoonful of anchovy essence or Worcestershire, or a tablespoonful of tomato catsup. Tlie Se it -. I thank him for my eyes that s. The wondrous world Be made for me: Such beauty t.preal on hill an J lea. That 1 might feast perpetually. I thank htm for my oars that hear The lark, that heavenly traveler; All the blithe birds when spring 1 here. And winds and waters shrill and clear. I thank Him for the fragrance shed. Airs of dc light, nn hill and mead; Woodruff, sweet-briar, and roses red. And wild thyme neath the passing tread. I thank Him for my palate rlne. Flavors in fruit and meat and wine. That hid my hunger sit ami dine. And piatMe the Giver most divine. I thank Him for my feet that run. Hear me abroad in wind and sun. My aoods and fields and water lone That are His mercies every one. I thank Him for my hands so feat. Now write!"' He said, and they have writ. That know the feel of rosea aweet And the child's cheek so exquisite. The Lord of lnr th. n Master is. And all their diligence is Hta; Who run to serve Mm on their kn.es. And do His bidding with great ease. 1 Katharine Titian, in the Westminster Gasette.

f V DON' T believe in strike? for

I the laboring man." These were the words of TerJSJ3ß f'ncr V Powderly, ar, wo facing the Soldiers' Home Park, this afternoon. They are significant words, because they come from the mouth of a labor loader, a man who has worked with his hands and who has gone through every gradation of labor, organized and unorganized. Mr. Powderly was the son of a working man. At thirteen he earned his daily bread; at fifteen he was a switch tender; at seventeen he was an apprentice in the Delaware & Hudson car shops; at twenty-one a machinist, and for years thereafter he worked at his trade. A man of ability and an orator, he soon became a leader of his fellows, and after a time was made general master workman of the Knights of Labor, and, as such, the head of the organized labor of the United States. He held that position for fourteen years, during which time the Knights of Labor grew until they embraced unions in every part of the country and had more than a million members. They became a business and a political force, and Mr. Powderly. as their head, was the first of the labor leaders to inspire a respect for organized labor. He was cool and conservative, and was, in fact, the advance representative of the practical diplomatic, busi ness-like men who form the best type of the labor leaders of to-day. After leaving the leadership of the Knights of Labor Mr. Powderly studied law in Pennsylvania and was admitted to the bar there and also to practice before the Supreme Court here at Washington. He was, during President McKinley's administration, the commissioner general of immigration, but he has now gone back to his practice, although he has by no means dropped his interest in labor abd labor questions. "No, I don't believe in strikes." said he. "I have never believed in them and have done all I could to keep my men out of them. They don't pay. They are not necessar.v and they bring great suffering. Ninetenths of the trouble between employers and employes are based on misunderstandings and precipitate action. Both parties are afraid of each other, and thev stand off when they should come together. Sometimes the men have a grievance and one or the indiscreet among them complains of the situation to a newspaper reporter and a sensational article is published, saving the men are going to strike. This makes the employer angry. He asks whv the men did not come to him with their troubles, instead of going to the papers. The report hurts his business and he is in a fit mood for a fight. All this is wrong. The employers and employes should come closer together and each should try to know and understand the other. They should not wait for trouble, but should affiliate in the interest of industrial peace." MEN SHOULD HELP EMPLOYERS. "What do you mean by that?" I asked. "I mean that when the business is going on all right and the men are satisfied the employer should show an interest In them, and. if possible, get closer to them. I mean that the men at such a time should go to their employer and say: We are doing well, we like our job and we are satisfied with our wages. Now, we want to know if there is any way in which we can help your business. It is to our interest to have you make money, and anything that we can do to make the business pay better we will do. Such an action would bring the two together, and the average employer, if his success was greater through such action would be glad to reward It by higher wages." "Then the interest of the employer is the interest of the man?" 1 asked. "Yes, it Is." replied Mr. Powderlv. "The men are dependent for their work on the success of the capitalist, and he is depeudeni on mem. "Then why should not the two go into partnership?" "They are in a partnership whether the men will acknowledge it or not," was the reply; "but the partnership differs from the ordinary partnership in that each party has an individual interest antagonistic to the other. Each wants the biggest share of the profits; the laboring man his Increased wages, the capitalist his in cutting wages down to increase his profits. The two are working together, but at the same time always pulling apart. It Is oue of the most delicate relations on earth." "Do you think the laboring man is benefited by being a partner in the shop or factory for which he works?" "Yes. I do. Such a partnership, if the men have a place on the directorate, shows them how the business is really running. They learn the difficulties. losses and troubles of the management and get a look at the other side of the ledger. If business is bad they are less ready to strike and If good they get a share of the profits." PLANTS RUN BY WORKMEN. "How about the laboring men joining and starting Independent places of their own?" "Such enterprises seldom succeed." said Mr. Powderly. "They have been tried, and they are likely to be tried again now that so much money is accumulating in the treasuries of the trades unions. I see In the papers that some of the unions of Chicago have so much money they talk of starting a bank. The I 'nited Mine Workers, for instance, have over $1,000,000 in their treasury." "But. MM I have said." continued Mr. Powderly. "such things fail. Why? I will tell you why. Managing a great business is as much of a profession as the proper handling of certain tools is a trade. It is only to be acquired by natural skill and long training.

A Natural History Study

"nLTHpl'GH the severity of the past JjL I winter has caused the death of I m ,ii hnnc i rule of Kirrlc f hrz-imrh. RHUnl out the country, it is not unlikely. SmääJ i think, that the rtiMllnr may prove a blessing in disguise. Great numbers of people who never before gave a thought to the comforts of birds at any season, had their attention called to thtir feathered neighbors. hastened to give them relief. nd thus became enthusiastic bird-lovers. The school children were especially enthusiastic, and many of them wrote to the audubon societies, pledging themselves to feed the birds for the remainder of the winter. A letter from a little Indiana school girl is a fair sample. She said: "I. one of a number of willing school children, am anxious to assist you in your charitable work of feeding the birds. I never thought of such a thing as our wild birds starving! To be sure it was a great shock to hear it. and I shall set about at once to remedy my shameful neglect. Every morning I set out food for the birds around my home, but never thinking that the wild birds, our best singers, are starving. I live but a few blocks from the open country, and you may be sure the birds shall not suffer that pass over here hereafter. 1 can climb most as well as any boy, and though it may seem an undignified act for a girl to be perched up in a tree, 1 shall do it nevertheless for the sake of my feathered friends." That seemed the spirit In which the problem was met by the school children all over the couutry, and if the wild birds gained

If you should put a banker to building a steam engine he would fall, and so will the machinist fail who tries to manage a bank or a factory. There arc exceptions I grant

vou. but ninety-nine times out of a hundred either will fail. This is more so every year as business and trade are specialized. In the tdg undertakings of to-day the capacity required is greater than ever before." "What do the laboring men think of their chances of eventually becoming their own managers?" "I don't think their ambition runs that way. at least not as a mass. Individuals do rise and will always rise as long as God gives m.u different capacities and talents. We shall have Carnegies and Schwabs as long as brains married to brawn bring forth great fortunes. The peculiar brains will come to the top however hard you stir the business and labor kettle to keep them down. "But as to the masses of laboring men owning and controlling factories themselves, they are afraid of it," Mr. Powderly continued. "I remember when I Mil general master workman of the Knights of Labor, Abram S. Hewitt. Peter Cooper's son-in-law, who owned some of the greatest iron works of the country, offered to let his men in the iron works at Trenton take that plant and run it. Mr. Hewitt was noted for his friendship to the laboring man. He never had any serious trouble, notwithstanding he employed thousands, and in hard times he carried on his furnaces at a loss rather than close them and put his men out. Well, he offered to let the men take the Trenton works as they stood and run them on the condition that they were to pay the expenses, manage them and have all the profits. At first thought the men were very enthusiastic and they brought their proposition to me. I advised them to think the matter over before they accepted. ' 'Who among you understands the business of management?' said L They had not thought of that. " 'What do you know of the markets, how to advertise, when to buy cheapest and where to sell best?' All this they did not know. Well, to make a long story short, they thanked Mr. Hewitt, but retused to take the mill." "But in working for wages, Mr. Powderly, does labor get its share of the profits?" "Who can tell?" was the reply. "Sometimes it does, sometimes not. I think the working man should be well paid and that his life should be made easier in every possible way. It is to the interest of all that he have good wages, for good wages means more money in circulation, a greater consumption of all kinds of goods and good times. Again, if the wages be too high the business cannot pay, and the reverse of all this is the case." WAGES STEADILY RISING. "But wages are steadily rising the world over, are they not?" "Yes. especially in the Cnited States. Take this carpet." said Mr. Powderly, as he kicked a Turkish rug at his feet. "There was nothing like carpet in the poor man's house when I was a boy. My father was rather well off for a laboring man. He came to this country from Ireland in NM and settled in northern Pennsylvania, opening up the first coal mine in that part of the State. He had twelve children, and we had none too much. Still, we were as well off as laboring people generally. We lived in a cabin with no plaster or paper on the walls and no carpets on the floors. I slept in the loft, and the snow came through the roof in drifts upon my bed. often covering the floor. I renumber now how cold it was when I stepped out on the snow. Contract that with the working man's home of todav. He has his carpets, his comfortable furniture, and often his piano. He lives bett.r. has books, newspapers a:id magazines, and can educate his children." "How about your education, Mr. Powderl ?"' "I went to school until I was thirteen." replied Mr. powderly. "und then stopped on account of trouble with my eyes. I needed glasses, for I was born near-sighted, but I did not know what was the matter for years afterward. I could see nothing well at a distance. Indeed, until I was eighteen years of age I never saw the stars. I had heard of them, of course, but I looked upon them rather as a poetical fiction than as a visual realtiy. One day I took up a pair of glass- s that happened to fit me. and. like Columbus, discovered a new world. I could see things I had never imagined any one saw the leaves on the trees in the distance, faces across the street. Indeed. 1 never really saw as you see, until I was eighteen." "I don't understand how you could work with vour defective eyesight." "I can see well enough at close range." was the retdv. "I can take a red cent, and by nailing it with brads to a bench can tile off the nose of the Indian without cutting the edges. The Indian's nose is. you know, a little higher than the face of the cent. It takes good ev sight and good nerves to file it off. and this we often tried to do in the shns. I am one of the few who can do it without (Utting the edges of the coin I also used to pick out with my knife the splinters of steel that flew .into the eyes of my fellows. That is also a delicate ÜBT OF A LABOR LEADER. "When did you become interested in organized labor?" "I joinedthe Machinist and Blacksmiths' Union in lsTO, thirty-four years ago. and was soon elected president. Then I joined the Knights of Labor, and in 17! was elected general master workman. I held that office until 1893." "Was there much money in it?" I asked. "Sam Parks would have done well if he had had that place." "There was nothing in it but the salary," replied Mr. PMPU, and when I left the offlif I wns $T.O) In lebt. I was paid practi ally nothing for the first four years, then $ort a year, then $1.500, and finally $3,000. but the $5.000 was not always paid. The position was not financially profitable. As to Sam Parks, it is not fair to use him as a type of the labor leader of that time or now. He is a villain. The representatives of our unions of to-day and of the past are tnl have been men of the hinhst sense of honor. Indeed, they are philanthropic and many friends like that plucky little girl, tht thousands which starved to death before the facts were generally known, did not die in vain. It is quite possible that the sympathy awakened in so many people by their coming in closer touch with the gentle creatures which last winter were thrown upon their men y. will grow and eventually result in further legislation in favor of the birds. As spring approaehes those who have had a host of feathered visitors in their yards and gardens will doubtless feel more or less disappointed at seeing their guests depart for the woods and fields and for their homes in th-- North. But this is the time to make preparations for receiving other bird gutsts. many of them even now on their way from the South. These birds are coming North to seek homes in which to rear their young; they will certainly nest somewhere, and if we can give them the conditions they require, they are as likely to remain in our gardens as anywhere else. The climatic conditions, of course, we cannot control, but we can eon trol most of the others to a greater or less extent. First of all. if we would have bird tenants, we must provide them with suitable nesting sites, and to be suitable they must, above all things, be safe. It is quite unfair to encourage birds to nest on our premises and then allow them to be molested by .-.ts. dogs or even children. The greater the number and variety of suitable bird houses we have already when the birds begin to arrive, the greater number of tenants we may hope to retain. For the bluebirds we may have many styles of homes really lor occupancy. Neat boxes may be nailed against the house or barn, decayed stumps which have been hollowed out by woodpeckers, may be brought from the woods and set up in the garden, or holes may be bored in an old outhouse, and boxes or tin cans nailed up inside. Similar preparations may be made for the house wren, though, being a smaller bird, smaller accommodations will answer. If we do uut

Km!

TERENCE V. POWDERLY are conscientiously doing what they can for their fellows." "The Knights of Labor was the mother of the Federation of Labor, was it not? Are not the two bodi.s very similar?" "No, the Knights of Labor had. not only representatives of the trades unious, but also of the employers. At one time onethird of its members were employers." "Then it was something like the Civic Federation, of which Senator Hanna was the president?" "In a sense, yes.. It tried to settle labor disputes as far as possible, without recourse to strikes. It is true we had some strikes, but we settled 1.100 labor disputes without strikes. Indeed, I might say we prevented over 1.000 strikes." "Speaking of Senator Hanna." Mr. Powd' rly went on, "he was thoroughly in earnest In his desire to settle labor troubles through arbitration. I know that he began it more than twenty years ago. It is now twenty-two years since I was asked by his men to come out to Ohio to act as their representative in a strike there. I went and, as their delegate, called on Mr. Hiinna and tried to present the case. He treated me politely, but refused to talk to me. He said: " 'What Is the matter with the men? Why don't they come to me and present their own case? They know me. I kuow them. I don't know you.' " 'Will you receive a committee?' I asked. M 'Of course I will,' said Mr. Hanna. 'Send them in.' "I went out and brought in a committee of the miners and then started to leave. 'You need not go if you don't want to.' said Mr. Hanna. 'Sit down!' I looked at the men. They said stay, and I stayed." "Well, the discussion then went on between Hanna and the men. The troubles were taken up item by Item and threshed over. Sometimes Hanna gave in. sometimes the men. but in an hour or so it was all settled, and the men said they were satisfied anl would go back to work. It was hot at tim. s. but at the close Mr. Hanna said: 'Now. men. when you have any trouble in the future I want you to come right to me and we will talk it over. Don't ask Mr. Powderly to come clear across Pennsylvania and Ohio to talk for you. You know what you want. I know what I want. We are all sensible men and can do our own business, and we will do it!' From that time on Mr. Hanna and his men settled their labor troubles by conference and mutual conciliation. He was thoroughly honest and earnest in his advocacy of this policy and his life shows it." SAVED A RAILROAD. "In your strikes I suppose you have often had to deal with many violent men, Mr. Powderly?" "Yes, we had," was tho reply. "But we tried to hold them in check. I remember an incident of the great railroad strike of 1M?, when the Gould system of railroads and other roads in the Southwest were tied up. The men had left work for some time when I got a letter proposing a plan to blow up every bridge and culvert on the Gould railroad system upon a certain signal. The letter stated that the only way to reach Jay Gould was through his pocket, and that this action would prevent the trains from running and break the strike. The writer said that he had the dynamite and he gave a full plan as to how it should be placed and exploded to wreck the system. He marked his letter confidential and asked that it be sent back to him. He signed it with the name 'Henri Lee Caron." "I w-as horrified, and at once sent a warning to all the local assemblies of the Knights of Labor protesting against the sehonu . and saying it was better to lose the strike a hundred times than to resort to such villainy to win it. At the same time I filed away the letter. "Well, about three years after that." Mr. Pnw6ry c -ntinued, "I picked up my paper one morning and saw that a man named Henri Lec Caron was giving testimony in a damage suit brought by Charles Stewart Parnell against the London Times. Caron was on the side of the Times, and he pretended to testify as an Irish spy that Parnell had been mixed up in the assassination of Cavendish and in other fiendish outrages in Ireland. I knew that Caron had l longed to some of the Irish agitator organizations, although he did not belong to the Knights of Labor. The moment I saw his name I remembered lhat letter. I took it from the files, had it photographed tuid mailed prints to Parnell. T. P. O'Connor and Michael ,Davitt. and I sent the original to Mr. Gladstone, telling him to give it to Parnell." "Why did you not send the original to Parnell?" I asked. "Because I thought his mail might not 1 6 safe. I was sure that Gladstone's lettera would not be tampered with, and that why I sent the oriRlnnl to him. All the letters went through, however. As soon t.s they reached London I got a cable from Parnell, asking me to forward the original, but he got it the next day from Gladstone. Shortly after that Henri Ice Caron was put on the witness stand and was ready to make what I believe was a tissue of lies. He did give his testimony, but when his letter, proposing to wreck the Gould system with dynamite was read it had such an effect that his evidence counted for nothing and Parnell came out on top. I cot letters of congratulations and thanks from both Parnell and Gladstone in regard to it." FRANK G. CARPENTER. Copyright, 1904. Preparations for Bird Tenants By Ernest Harold B y reecut down all the decayed trees on the premises, we may possibly have woodpeckers, nuthatches, and even chickadees and creepers for tenants. If we put up a good-sized birdhouse with Sfveral openings tnd apartments on the top of a pole twenty-five or thirty feet high, we shall tempt the sweet-voiced purple martins if there happens to be any in our part of the country. These are the largest and handsomest Of swallows, ami a colony of them, teturning year after year to a house erected in our garden, will make us wonder again and again why we did not invite them before. If we are living in our own home, we may enjoy the delights of planning a perman. nt bird garden. There we cannot only make use of all sorts of artificial resting sites, but wc can make natural ones by planting such trees and shrubs and creepers as lirts delight to build in. Nor must igi. , t the question of food, a most important one at all seasons. A mulberry tree on the premises is a great attraction for many species of birds, some of which eat the truit itself, and others the insects attracted by the berries. Choke cherry trees are also useful in a bird garden, as are also mountain sh trees, junipers, pines and spruces. Harberry bushes, hawthorns, blackberries, raspberries, sumach, bittersweet and a score of other shrubs, all bear fruit which attract birds of one kind or another, while columbines, larkspurs, trumpet creepers, salvia and many other flowers will act like magnet! on the ruby-throated hummingbird. W tier should, of course, be present in such a garden and in gen, rous quantities, enough not oirly for drinking but for bathing. Running water is bist, but where this cannot be supplied shallow pans of any material may be set on the lawn or on the tops of low stumps about the grounds. If before beginning this work we get rid of the household eat and the neighbors' cats, of course, we sh ill not only enjoy the delights of a bird garden, but we shall prove ourselves true friends to the birds.

De Maupassant said that red hair Indicates temperament, black hair vitality, blonde hair complaisance, brown hair mediocrity. Henner's pictures of women show his love for red hair. It is a convention among painters to give red hair to Mary Magialen.

The Grass Widow's Hair

Is red. Not all grass widows are so blessed or cursed but one, the particular one whose portrait by Bryson will be given to you with the next Sunday Journal. She evidently has temperament, and she certainly has beauty.

Her Pouting Red Lips and her saucily lifted head, indicate a disposition that must at all times have made the man in her case her slave, and yet she has that grace, that fineness of figure, that alluring perfect taste in dress which attracts and even holds devotion. Her train of admirers is endless.

Bryson Painted Her In a typical moment. His portrait in oils is so charming, his color scheme so original and harmonious that every one vill frame the copy we will give you FREE

next Sunday.

A Striking Series of portraits, scenes and fancies by the world's greatest painters, which, at great cost of time, trouble and money, the Indianapolis Sunday Journal has bought for its readers.

If you fail to et a beautiful and novel sorry

It is one of

single one of these series you will be

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