Indianapolis Journal, Volume 53, Number 93, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 April 1903 — Page 4

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THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL FRIDAY. APR1X 3, 1903.

THE DAILY JOURNAL FRIDAY, APRIL 3, 19C3.

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Persons sending the Jcumal through the malls In the United States ahouli put on an eight-page or a twelve-page paper a 1-cent stamp; on a sixteen, twenty or twenty-four-page paper, a 2-cent stan.p. Foreign post ige U usually double these rates. All communications Intended for publication in this paper must. In order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name and address of the wrlier. Rejected. manuscripts will not be returned unless postage is lacloaed for that purpose. Entered ax second-class matter at Indianapolis, Ind., postofBce. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL Can be found at the following places: NEW YORK Astor House. CHICAGO Palmer House. P. O. News Co.. 217 Dearborn street; Auditorium Annex Hotel. Dearborn Station New Stand. CINCINNATI J. R. Hawley & Co.. Arcade. LO U IS VI LL.7; C. T. Deerlng. northweet corner of Third and Je Servo n streeets; Loulsvtlls Boole Co.. 264 Fourth avenue, and Bluefeld Bros., 412 West Market street. ST. LOUIS Union News Company. Union Depot. WASHINGTON, D. C Rlggs House. Ebbltt House, rafrf.tx Hotel, Wlllaxd HoteL DENVER. CoL -Lou thaln & Jackson. Fifteenth and Lawrence streets. DAYTON. O. street.L V. WUkle. 33 South Jefferson COLUMBUS. O. Viaduct News Stand. 384 High street. . The canvass made recently of the South and Central American states for revolutions showed bet five then In full operation, which shows that the canvasser did not do his work thoroughly. The millions of Americans who live In States remote from the seaboard have some definite Ideas regarding marine legislation. They are opposed to a ship subsidy bill, but In favor of a strong navy. If Justice . Murphy, of Buffalo, has the services of a newspaper clipping agency these days he must come to the conclusion that the public, so far äs represented by the newspapers. Is very much disgusted with his performance In the Burdick inquest Mayor Harrison, of Chicago, was very Insistent that the President's reception there should be strictly nonpartisan. He will not find any partisan politics In the President's speech of last night. Americans can all stand together for the Monroe doctrine and a, strong navy. The dissolution of the Inlunctlon In th "case of the Wabash Railroad employes ought to ccnvlice worklngmen that the federal courts will not interfere with their rights as long as they keep within the law. They should remember, however, that United States judges know the law better than they do. It Is hoped that the Department of Justice will Investigate the circumstances of the shooting of union miners in "West Virginia as requested by President Mitchell, and while the Investigation Is on that it will be extended to'cover the charges of shooting and Intimidating nonunion miners and other Inhabitants of that terrorized locality. After the precedent of the settlement of the anthracite coal strike upon the basis that union and nonunion workmen shall be treated alike, and the approval of the same by Presidents Gompers and Mitchell, the head of the labor organizations employed by the American Bridge Company should not call a strike simply because nonunion men are employed. A Kansas City correspondent of an Eastern paper. In describing its rapid growth, says: "In lfs relation to the cities of the '. Nation Kansas City is in the group with Indianapolis, St. Paul, Rochester and Denver, ranking after the first named." Kansas City has the advantage of this city in being located on a navigable stream. When It comes to strictly inland cities. Indianapolis maintains a safe lead and we cannot allow any city with a waterway to compete. , Whether or not Mayor Tom Johnson will succeed In the Cleveland election cannot now be predicted, but his opponents have put him on the defensive, and the Business 'Men's League presents a statistical sum mary of the Johnson administration in comparison with that of his predecessors. .These figures show that with an Income of J2.500.0OO greater than bad his predecessor he has also increased the city debt $4,000, 000. The election will be held next Tues day. . A company of prominent Finns who settled In this country several years ago and have prospered have purchased 300.000 acres of land In the lower peninsula of Michigan .on which to colonise Flnnteh Immigrants. Between the harth policy of the Russian government and a general famine the peo pie of Finland have been having a hard time of late and. they will be glad to emigrate. They are a hardy, industrious. lawabiding people, and will make good Amer lean citizens. . Secretary cf the Treasury Shaw delivered a speech at Pecria, III., a few nichts ag In which, referring to industrial combina tions and trusts, he said: "Individual wealth seldom has built a railroad, or erectfd a factory, or opened a mine, or constructed a steamship. We have reached a point In our civilization where the things we undertake require associated capital." .All reatonable p?rcon3 have reached this conclusion, and consequently the occupation cf the corporation killer and the trust taather Is about sone. Mr. Hoke Smith, of Georgia, who was a member of 'ex-President Cleveland's last Cabinet, la certain that the conservatives trill control tho next Democratic national convention, and that cither Mr. Olney or Judge Parker will 'be nominated and elected. Going on to speak of tha business situation In Georgia, Mr. Smith gays the farmers

arc making: money and all dflre these conditions to continue. If that is the case the people of Georgia should make up their minds to forego the luxury of a Democratic President.

THE PRESIDENT'S SPEECH. The President's speech at Chicago last night, published In full in thi3 issue of the Journal, was a plea for a strong navy as a means of maintaining the national prestige and discharging the duties Imposed upon the United States by virtue of its position as the dominating power of the western hemisphere. The greater part of the speech was devoted to an exposition of the Monroe doctrine as exemplified by the action of the United States in the matter of the Panama canal and in the recent Venezuelan trouble. The conduct of the United States in both of these matters was cited as evidence of its friendly attitude towards neighboring American states and towards all European powers. No President has defined the scope and meaning of the Monroe doctrine as clearly as President Roosevelt or has done so much to commend It to the approval of foreign powers. In his speech last night. as In his first message to Congress, he showed that the doctrine makes for peace by declaring that there must be no territorial aggrandizement by any non-American power at the expense of any American power on American soil, while at the same time It leaves European powers free to en force their Just claims against any American power in any other way than by the acquisition of territory. The President showed his familiarity with the protracted negotiations by which the United States acquired undisputed control of the Isthmian canal enterprise under two treaties, of which he said: "These treaties are among the most important that we have ever negotiated in their effects upon the future welfare of this country, and mark a memorable triumph of American diplomacy one of those fortunate triumphs, more over, which redounds to the benefit of the entire world." The President showed that in the Venezuelan affair, while the United States did not propose to interfere needlessly in a quarrel that did not touch its own Interests or honor, it felt obliged "to keep an attitude of watchful vigilance and see that there was no infringement of the Monroe doctrine." These references to recent events led up to the main point in the President's speech. which was that in order to defend the Monroe doctrine we must have a strong navy. The President expressed the belief that the doctrine might some day become a recognized principle of international law, but he added: "This is not necessary as long as It remains a cardinal feature of our foreign policy and as long as we possess the will and the strength to make It effective." He declared that whlje he believed In the Monroe doctrine, heart and soul, he would infinitely prefer to abandon it than to have the United States put it forward and bluster about It without creating a navy "which In the last resort can alone make it respected by any foreign power whose Interest it may ever happen to be to violate it." The remainder of the speech was devoted tq enforcing this Idea and showing the Importance of preparing for war In time of peace. His concluding words are worth emphasizing: .It Is too late to prepare for war when war has come; and if we only prepare sufficiently no war will ever come. We wish a powerful and efficient navy, not for purposes of war, but as the surest guaranty of peace. If we have such a navy if we keep on building it up we may rest assured that there is but the smallest chance that trouble will ever come to this Nation; and we may likewise rest assured that no foreign power will ever quarrel with us about the Monroe doctrine. The gist of the argument is that if we are going to continue to assert the Monroe doctrine we must be prepared to fight for it, and as such a war would necessarily be a naval war we must create and maintain a powerful and efficient navy. The speech was in no sense boastful, but it was statesmanlike and far-sighted. A WORLD-WIDE MONOPOLY. An article in the Century entitled "The So-called Tobacco Trust," by George Buchanan Fife, bears the marks of having been Inspired by the great corporation to which it relates. At any rate, the tone of the article is that of laudation from beginning to end. Assuming that this must be the case, here Is a trust which openly proclaims that it started out to monopolize the tobacco trade of the world and glories in the measure of success It has already attained. Other combinations like the Standard OH and the American Sugar Refining companies have undoubtedly aspired to monopolize the oil and the sugar trade in this country, but they never called their customers into the confidence to the extent of imparting to them their designs upon them. The American Tobacco Trust, in this article, with hilarious frankness, tells the whole .world that it is the master of the tobacco trade to an extent that it can make the world's prices. It began business in 1S90 with a capital stock of J25.000.000, of which only $10,000 was paid in. From that date the corporation has grown until Its capital Is $400.000,000, the amount of which represented In value paid in is not stated. Its applauder. Mr. Fife, declares that the trust believes in a Donnybrook Fair plan of action modified from "when you see a head, hit It," to "when an obstreperous factory pops up, buy It." That Is, In this country the magnates of the American Tobacco Trust have attained ascendency by making war on the. weaker and buying up the stronger firms and plants, until, to use the language of their magazine writer, "the tobacco trust to-day commands the trade of virtually every country on the globe, save those in which the business is a government monopoly." If Mr. Fife is correct the magnates of this trust are not hampered with fear that they may be accused of restraining the freedom of trade, sin.-e they declare that "the middleman la fUi.urf.uouf; he must go." ThU means that the trujt does net propose to sell tobacco to Jobbers. When, however, it comes to rota'lers, it is announced in something of a tone of vehemence that the truit la net in the retail trade except in a fewstores In New York, where the retailers would rot accept the liberal terms offered by the trust. The American trust's great fight was with the Btltish, tobacco combination. Two or three larg- dealers monopolized the British trade. The American trutt went In, and, after both had sunk fortunes In the competition to wreck, the British were forced to ask far terms. The terms made were those of a conqueror who holds the conquered in subjection. When we are hearing so much to the effect that the trusts which aim at monopoly arc built up by the protective tariff, it is well to call attention to the fact that this

,nost wonderful of monopolistic ventures ha extended to every country where' the government does not control the trade. Free-trade Great Britain was more easily captured than the United States. Far-away Japan is under the sway of this monopoly. The larger part of the world's tobacco Is grown In this country, but the small fraction Imported and going Into consumption cannot affect the great trade, since it Is controlled by the trust. The American Tobacco Trust controls practically the world's trade because the tobacco magnates are among the most remarkable organizers of production and trade that the world's commercial activity has developed. UNREST IN THE LABOR WORLD. It is probable that never before were there as many workmen on strike in this country, at one time, representing as many different trades and employments, as there are at present. The number of strikers runs into the hundreds of thousands, and they represent scores of different occupations. The demands are either for higher wages or fewer hours, and ln many instances there Is a deadlock between employers and employes. It Is probable the strikes have not yet reached their culmination in point of numbers, and may not before the latter part of April or May 1. This remarkable condition of Industrial unrest Is due partly to the greatly increased strength of labor unions, giving them confidence in their ability to enforce demands, and partly to the universal prosperity which prevails, in which wage-earners desire to get as large a share as possible. The labor unions of the country now claim a grand total membership of two millions. The secretary of the American Federation of Labor at Washington stated a few days ago that during the month of March he had received over 200 applications for new unions throughout the country. Five years ago there were but fifty-six central bodies connected with the American Federation of Labor; now there are 520. At the former period there were fifty-eight international organizations, while now there are 111. The number of organizations affiliated with the American Federation at present is given as

21,640. with a total membership of ap proximately 1,700,000, and organizations not afilliated with the federation are said to have an aggregate membership of 300,000, making a gTand total of 2,000,000. This does not include nearly all of the workingmen, but it makes a powerful organization. The railway expressmen have Just held a meeting in Chicago to perfect an international organization, the railway clerks will: meet there April IS, and the building laborers, to the number of 150 organizations, will meet in Washington, April 13, for the same purpose. Most of the organizations which did not make a demand for an eighthour day on April 1 will do so on May 1, when more strikes may be expected. The indications are that this demand will be granted In a large majority of cases. The rapid increase in the strength of organized labor Is likely to have an Important bearing on social and economic conditions. It should make worklngmen conservative and reasonable in their demands and furnish a new reason fir employers to be Just and fair in their dealings with employes. A general reduction of hours will diminish the aggregate productiveness of manufacturing Industries, and, as it is equivalent to an increase of pay, it may lessen the ability of American manufacturers to compete for foreign trade. For the protection of Industrial interests generally employers and employes should try and get together on a common basis of mutual understanding and co-operation. Labor controversies are expensive to both parties and to the country at large. Manufacturers who have located in the South because of the cheap labor and freedom to employ children of tender ages are sure to be disappointed in the latter. For years legislatures in the Southern States could not be induced tc prohibit the employment of children in cotton factories, but those which have met in several States since Jan. 1 have been led to see the Importance of action and have enacted quite satisfactory laws. Since the beginning of the year child labor la'ws have been enacted in Alabama, North Carolina, South Carolina and Virginia. Thus far the spirit of commercialism has prevented legislation In Georgia, but the opinion is expressed that public sentiment Is so powerful against the working of little children in factories that the Legislature which will assemble in June will prohibit it. The Alabama law totally prohibits child labor In factories for all under twelve years of age, except in the case of widowed mothers or disabled fathers, which is a weak feature of the law. Child labor is" prohibited without conditions for all children under ten, night work Is prohibited for all under thirteen, and night work is limited to forty-eight hours a week for all under sixteen. Such regulations are not adequate, but they are a vast improvement over conditions in which children from six to ten years of age have been worked thirteen hours a day. The Southern women c lubs have taken an active part in bringing about this reform. When 63,000 immigrants, chiefly ignorant and degraded, land In . New York in a month, and a larger number will land during April, a great many people who see danger ahead in this mass of -strange and poverty-ctrloken people regret that the reading and writing clause was stricken from the Lods? immigration bill before Its enactment. The immigrants now coming are the dregs of southern Europe, and at best will be a burden, even If the prosperous times prevent their wholesale pauperism. The best of them are the element which has taken a part In all the lawlessness in mining regions and wherever troubles with Ignorant and vicious labor occur. The wonder Is that a majority of both parties in Congress car.not s-ee this menace in something like its true proportions. Charles A. Conant. former treasury expert, who has Just returned from Mexico City, taya that Mexico will take early action to give stability to her currency. II thinks she will establish a fixed exchange standard which will continue the large use of silver coins, but will provide for keeping them at par with cold by government control of the quantity and by a gold exchange fund in the leading financial centers. This will be a virtual adoption of the gold standard. With a stable monetary system Mexico will be a very inviting field for the Investment of American capital. After the conference of the mine operators and the representatives of the miners In this city a few weeks since, re

sulting in an advance of wages, the public is not prepared for the present strike over some apparently trivial affair. For a long time the coal miner has had all the benefit cf public sympathy, which has helped him, but if. aftercoal has been made from 25 to 50 cents higher to insure him. better pay, he continues the habit of striking, be will forfeit the good will of the people. The St. Louis world's fair commissioner who tells such a thrilling story about his experience with -Moorish rebels In Morocco ought to have It exhibited In a panorama. He says that of a guard of 500 picked men given him by the Sultan all but four were killed by the rebels, and that after capturing him they released him on learning his business. He says that in addition to a bodyguard of 500 men the Sultan presented him with four Jet black horses, whose tails reached the ground and which had manes four feet long. Unfortunately,

the horses died at sea, so they cannot be placed on exhibition. The managers of the fair should send him abroad again, with Instructions to exterminate the Moors with his long bow. THE HUMORISTS. One Comfort. New York Times. "Dut we are so horribly new," pouted Eve. "True,, my dear." answered Adam, "but we. do not have to read any historical romances." Then he seized a club and began throwing It at the fruit In a choice apple tree. A Chew from Sola. There was an old Sultan in Sulu. Who barred chewing gum from Tolulu. His wife chewed the plastic He vowed he'd be drastic With all who gave tolu to Lulu. Baltimore American. . Not a Despot. Chicago Daily I'ews. "Are you the man that sells tickets in the boxefflce?" queried a stranger in the playhouse. "Do I look like I put on airs?" replied the other man, in an offended tone. "Why. I am only the owner of the theater." The Way He Came. New York Weekly. Miss Pepprey She's quite superstitious. She thinks It unlucky to come out of a house by any. other door than the one she entered. . Miss Nurltch Papa's the same way. He always believes in going back the way he came. Miss Peppery indeed? Then when he went to Europe last year he really went In tha steerage, eh? An Excuse. Philadelphia Press. "Balcony scats," sniffed the haughty beauty. "I assure you. Mr. Stinjay, I am not accustomed to sitting in the balcony." "Well er you see," stammered Stinjay, "to tell you the truth. I would have asked for seats downstairs, but I didn't know whether It was pronounced 'parket' or 'parkay and I hated to show my igncrance." Entitled to Clemency. Chicago Tribune,The prisoner had been found guilty of having six wives. "George Washington Hockafus." said the Judge, "what have you to say why sentence Of the court should not be pronounced upon you?" "Your Honor," responded the prisoner, his pale check flushing with Indignation, "is that ttre reward a no .in gits In this country for havln' a large family?" Not Nice. Cleveland Plain Dealer. "What a nice, big boy you are. Tommy," said the pleasant-voiced neighbor "I'm big all right," said Tommy, "but I ain't nice." . . "Don't you want to be called nice? That's strange. My Georgle is never happier than when people allude to him as a nice boy." "An I can lick Mm with one hand tied behind me," said terrible Tommy. ROOT DISCUSSES TARIFF WARNS AGAINST REVISION IN ORDER TO DESTROY TRUSTS. Speech by the Secretary of War Before the Home Market CI nb Address by Senator Lodged BOSTON, April 2. Ellhu Root, secretary of war, and United States Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, of Massachusetts, were the guests of honor and the principal speakers to-night at the annual dinner of the Home Market. Club, the representative Republican organization of New England. Mr. Root spoke on the tariff and Mr. Lodge on Canadian reciprocity and of the charges made against the American soldiers in the Philippines. ' Governor John L. Bates spoke briefly, greeting the guests. All three speakers were accorded ovations. The dinner was held in the beautiful banquet hall of Hotel Somerset. Charles N. Hutchlns, president of the club, was toastmaster. The Governor paid a tribute to Senator Lodge and Secretary Root he recognized as one who has been a wise administrator in a critical period of the country's history. He welcomed Root, as a statesman, a diplomat, and a friend and adviser of two great Presidents. Secretary Root launched at once Into the subject of the tariff, saying in part: "There Is no festlsh in the tariff schedules and no sacredness in particular rates of duty. If through original error or changes of condition the provisions of tne law work 111 to the country then at the proper time and in the proper way a sensible people will change the law. If a law Is working well as a whole, common sense requires that we should endure some faults, even though they be serious, rather than destroy the general good effect by constant tinkering. A revision of the tariff is a great and difficult task, not to be undertaken except for grave and serious reasons. The decrees of an absolute monarchy can make and change tariff laws without discussion or delay, but 14.000.000 voters, represented by 308 congressmen and ninety senators, cannot. The effect of this necessary discussion furnishes the chief reason why revision is an evil In Itself of no small proportions. "A second conrideratlon Is that you cannot get rid of trusts by revising the tariff, unless you are ready to reduce the duties In the classes of manufacture in which the so-called trusts are engaged; that Is to say. In all the principal kinds of manufacture to such an extent as to put an end to all American manufacture. In each class the trust 13 the strongest, and if duties are lowered below the point of adeciuate protection the Independent manufacturer will go to the wall first. It is Impossible that reduction of duties should wipe out trutts. except as it woes out American manufacture. When that happens, as trust.-) are the feature of the day In foreign countries, free trade and protectionist alike, you will have substituted the foreign trusts for domestic trusts, and the prosponty of foreign workmen for the prosperity of American workmen. "Whatever principle the people of a country wish tn have embodied in a tariff law, the men who believe In the principle should frame the law. If the American people nre ready to abandon the principle of protection and face the crash and downfall cf our present prosperity, which would immediately result, then they should hand the revision over to the Democratic party, and that is the meaning of the men who are crying. 'Revise -the tariff in order to destroy the trusts. What they really mean Is. abandon the principle of protection in order to destroy the trusts, and make all American producers take their stand on an equal footing with foreign competition." Suicide of a Grave Dinger. JERSEYVILLE. III.. April 2. Carper Saho, an aged grave digger, committed suicide with carbolic acid yesterday because he was no longer able to dig graves.

PLACE FOR Wm

APPOINTED SECRETARY OF LEGA. TION AT GUATEMALA CITY. Indlanlan Who Declined a Consulship and Who Found No Similar Place Open for Him. MORE RURAL MAIL ROUTES ADDITIONAL SERVICE FOR WAYNE, CLINTON AND HANCOCK COUNTIES. Appointment of Indiana Postmasters Miscellaneous News of the i National Capital. Special to the Indianapolis Journal. WASHINGTON. April 2.-A. A. Winslow, of Indiana, has been appointed secretary of legation at Guatemala City, to succeed J. W. Bailey, who was present when young Godfrey Hunter, son of the former minister, shot Fitzgerald. Mr. Winslow was"appolnted consul at Guatemala City some time ago, and subsequently applied for another consulate, which he failed to land. xxx Office? s of the regular army will soon visit Indiana to inspect the National Guard of that State. The assignments will be made by Gen. John C. Bates, commander Department of the Lakes, who is now in Washington. xxx Colonel Sanger, assistant secretary of war, who will represent the government at the ceremonies Incident to the dedication of Indiana monuments on the Shlloh battlefield, left for Louisville to-day, where he will Join the Indiana party. XXX Indiana postmasters appointed to-day: John Mettert, at Fleming, Jackson county, vice Michael C. Day. resigned; Ellen Cochran, at Hopedale, Carroll county, vice Carrie O. Snyder, resigned, and Wilb.ert F. Mathers, at Wailesboro, Bartholomew county, vice Isaac M. Wantland, removed. xxx Rural free delivery has been ordered established in Indiana, to take effect May L as follows: Cambridge City. Wayne County Area covered, sixteen square miles; population served, 430; postofflce at Jacksonburg to be discontinued: mail to Cambridge City, Ind. Colfax, Clinton County Area covered, twenty-four square miles; population served, 500. ' Mount Comfort. Hancock County One carrier; length of route, twenty-two and five-eighths miles; area covered, sixteen square miles: population served, 5S5; number of houses on route, 130. xxx Representative Brick is here to confer with postal officials relative to the extension of rural free delivery in his district. He is accompanied by D. D. Bates, his law partner. ; XXX Clyde E. Freed has been appointed regular carrier and William Gilbert substitute at LIgonier, Ind. JOHN E. MONK. RECENT ARMY ORDERS. Leaves of Absence Granted a Number of Officers. WASHINGTON, April 2. First Lieut. Clarence S. Nettles, Twentieth Infantry, has been granted leave of absence for three months. Leaves of absence have been granted to the following named officers: First Lieut. William S. Wells. Jr., Seventh Cavalry, extension of one month on surgeon's certificate of disability; First Lieut. John D. Long, Twelfth Cavalry, two months; Second Lieut. George M. Russell, Fourteenth Cavalry, two months; Capt. Patrick H. Mullay, Twenty-seventh Infantry, one month; First Lieut. Marshall Childs, Twelfth Infantry, one month on surgeon's certificate of disability; First Lieut." Thomas W. Gunn, Twentieth Infantry, extension of one month on surgeon's certificate of disability, and Capt. Robert W. Rose, Twenty-first Infantry, one month. . First Lieut. Nathaniel M. Cartmell. Tenth Cavalry, has been ordered to report in person to the commanding officer. United States General Hospital, Washington barracks, District of Columbia, for observation. Second Lieut. C. E. T. Lull, Thirteenth Infantry, has been transferred to the artillery corps and assigned to the Thirtieth company. Second Lieut. Charles F. Herr, Tenth Infantry, has been transferred to the Fourth Infantry and ordered to Join his company In the Philippines. First Lieut. Harry S. Howland, Thirteenth Infantry, has been transferred to the Twenty-third Infantry, and will accompany that regiment to the Philippines. Capt. Edward B. Cassatt, Thirteenth Cavalry, has been granted four months' leave of absence. Second Lieut. K. L. Pepper, Twenty-second Infantry, has been granted two months leave of absence on account of disability. Return of Spencer Eddy. WASHINGTON, April 2. Spencer Eddy, secretary of the United States legation at Constantinople, has arrived in Washington on leave from his post, and to-day paid his respects to Secretary Hay and to Assistant Secretary Loomis. It was in large part due to his energy that Miss Ellen Stone was ransomed. The money paid to the captors. It is learned, has gone towards supplying firearms and ammunition to the Macedonians, who are in revolt against the Turkish government. The leading spirit of the rebels is Boris Saranoff, who at one time was accused of killing Stambouloff, the Bulgarian premier. The American claims remaining against the Turkish government are said to be technical In large part, and, at any rate, they are not financial In their nature, all such claims having been settled In full by the Turkish government. What is now desired is a fuller measure of recognition of American educational, religious and charitable Institutions In Turkey, and this is In a fair way to be gained. Regulations for Marksmen. WASHINGTON, April 2. The secretary of war has issued a circular announcing the regulations prescribed for the tests for a national trophy and medals and other prizes for marksmanship in accordance with the provision of the last army appropriation act. These tests will be conducted upon the direction of a board of twenty-one members, of whom eight shall be the president and board of trustees of the National Rifle AssonaiLm. Ei?ht will be selected by the secretary of war from the country at large and five from the War Department, the army, the navy and the marine corps. The board will meet at the War Department April 15 to frame and report for approval such further regulations as may "be necessary. Florida Owns the Everglades. WASHINGTON, April -Commissioner Richards, of the General Land Office, today practically took the final step in the settlement of the long-drawn-out contention between the United States and the State of Florida known as the Everglades. The entire land In dispute Includes about S.OOO.OOU rcres, all of which goes to the State in fee flmple and will be at its disposal. The lands are al within the frostless belt, and It 1 believed that with drainage they will soon become valuable for fruit-growing purposes. National Capital Notes. WASHINGTON. April 2.-General O. T. Spaulding, former assistant secretary of the treasury, has been designated to prepare and secure the enforcement of customs

regulations covering foreign exhibits at the St. Louis Louisiana Purchase Exposition. As a result of a long crusade the Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia to-day adopted a regulation forbidding expectorating on the sidewalks, making violation thereof subject to a fine of II. Colonel Singer, acting secretary of war, left here this afternoon for Shlloh. Tenn., to represent the government at the dedication of the nineteen monuments to be erected on the battlefield at that place by the State of Indiana. Assistant Secretary Loomis, who has been making an investigation Into certain charges against United States Consul Maxwell Greene, at Hamilton. Bermuda, in connection with the wreck of the tourist steamer Madiana. to-day received a reply from that officer which is regarded as satisfactory, and there will be no further proceedings in the matter. The consul makes it appear that he was not Informed of the fact of the grounding of the ship until some time after it occurred, and asserts that as soon as he was informed he did everything within his power to alleviate the condition of the castaways. Judge A. B. Hagner. of the Supreme Court of the District-of Columbia, has informed the Department of Justice that he will retire May 31. He has reached the age limit and Is entitled to retire on full pay. Tests of 644 tons of armor plate for the battleship Nebraska and the conning tower for the armored cruiser West Virginia, with six-Inch capped shell, were made at the Indian Head proving grounds Thursday with these results: First impact, 1.001 foot seconds, showed 3 inches penetration; second impact, 1,662 foot seconds, Vt inches penetration, and third Impact, 1.C51 foot seconds. 5 Inches penetration. No cracks were observed. GREETED BY MANY.

(CONCLUDED FROM FIRST PAGE.) begun in the territory of Colombia by a French company. .The rights of this company were accordingly obtained and a treaty negotiated with the Republic of Colombia. This treaty has Just been ratified by the Senate. It reserves all of Colombia's rights, while guaranteeing .all of our own and those of neutral nations, and specifically permits us to take any and all measures for the defense of the canal, and for the preservation of our Interests, whenever in our Judgment an exigency may arist which calls for action on our part. In other words, these two treaties, and the legislation to carry them out, have resulted in oar obtaining on exactly the terms we desired the rights and privileges which we had so long sought in vain. These treaties are among the most Important that we have ever negotiated In their effects upon the future welfare of this country, and mark a memorable triumph of American diplomacy one of those fortunate triumphs, moreover, which redounds to the benefit of the entire world. THE VENEZUELAN CASE. About the same time trouble arose in connection with the republic of Venezuela because of certain wrongs alleged to have been committed, and debts overdue, by this republic to citizens of various foreign powers, notably England, Germany and Italy. After failure to reach an agreement these powers began a blockade of the Venezuelan coast and a condition of quasi war ensued. The concern of our government was, of course, not to interfere needlessly in any quarrel so far as it did not touch our Interests or our honor, and not to take the attitude of protecting from coercion any power unless we were welling to espouse the quarrel of that power, but to keep an attitude of watchful vigilance and see that there was no Infringement of the Monroe doctrine no acquirement of territorial rights by a European power at the expense of a weak sister republic whether this acquisition might take the shape of an outright and avowed seizure of territory or of the exercise of control which would - in effect be equivalent to such seizure. This attitude was expressed in the two following published memoranda, the first being the letter addressed by the secretary of state to the Germsn ambassador, the second the conversation with the secretary of state reported by the British ambassador: 1 "Department of State. "Washington, Dec. 18. 1901. "His Excellency. Dr. Von Holleben, etc.: "Dear Excellency I Inclose a memorandum by way of reply to that which you did me the honor to leave with me on Saturday, ind am, as ever, faithfully yours, ' "JOHN HAY." "Memorandum. "The President in his message of the Sd of December. 1901, used the following language: -" 'The Monroe doctrine is a declaration that there must be no territorial aggrandizement by any non-American power at the expense of any American power on American soli. It Is In no wise Intended as hostile to any nation in the old world.' "The President further said: 'This doctrine has nothing to do with the commercial relations of any American power, save that it in truth allows each of them to form such as it desiies. We do not guarantee any state against punishment if it misconducts itselt. provided that punishment does not take the form of the acquisition of territory by any non-American power.' THE EMPEROR'S ASSURANCE. "His Excellency the German ambassador, on his recent return from Berlin, conveyed personally to the President the assuranuce of the German Emperor that his Majesty's government had no purpose or Intention to make even the smallest acquisition of territory on the South American continent or the Islands adjacent. This voluntary and friendly - declaration was afterwards repeated to the' secretary of state, and was received by the President and the people of the United States in the frank and cordial spirit in which It was offered. In the memorandum of the Uth of December his Excellency the German ambassador repeats these assurances as follows: 'We declare especially that under no circumstances do we consider in our proceedings the acquisition or the permanent occupation of Venezuelan territory. "In the said memorandum of the 11th of December the German government Informs that of the United States that it has certain Just claims for money and for damages wrongfully withheld from German subjects by the government of Venezuela, and that it proposes to take certain coercive measures described in the memorandum to enforce the payment of these lust claims. "The President of the United States, appreciating the courtesy of the German government in making him acquainted with the state of affairs referred to, and not regarding himself as called upon to enter Into the consideration of the claims in question, believes that no measures will be taken in this matter by the agents of the German government which are not in accordance with the well-known purpose, above set forth, of his Majesty the German Emperor." . mm Sir Michael Herbert to the Marquis CI Lansdowne: Ä . "Washington, Nov. 13, 1902. "I communicated to Mr. Hay this morning the substance of your lordship's telegram of the 11th Instant. "His Excellency stated in reply that the United States government, although they regretted that European powers should use force against central anu ouuui Ainencan countries, could not object to their taking steps to obtain redress for injuries suffered by their subjects, provided that no acquisition of territory was contemplated." KEPT THEIR' PROMISE. Both powers assured us in explicit terms that there was not the slightest intention on their part to violate the principles of the Monroe doctrine, and this assurance was kept with an honorable good faith which merits full acknowledgement on our part. At the same time the existence of hostilities in a region so near our own borders was fraught with such possibilities of danger in the future that it was obviously no less our duty to ourselves than our duty to humanity to endeavor to put an end to that. Accordingly, by an offer of our good services in a spirit of frank friendliness to all the parties concerned, a spirit in which they quickly and cordially responded, we secured a resumption of peace the contending parties agreeing that the matters which they could not settle among themselves should be referred to The Hague tribunal for settlement. The United States had most fortunately already been able to set an example to other nations by utilizing the great possibilities for good contained in The Hague tribunal, a question at Issue between ourselves and the Republic of Mexico being the first submitted to this international court or arbitration. The terms which we have secured as thoe under which the Isthmian canal is to be built, and the course of events in the Venezuela matter, have shown not merely the ever-growing Influence of the United States In thewestern hemisphere, but also. I think I may rafely say, have exemplified the firm purpose of the United States that Its growth and Influence and power shall redound not to the harm but to the benefit of our sister republics whose strength is less. Our growth, therefore, la beneficial

to human kind in general. We do not Intend to assume any position which can give Just offense to our neighbors. Our adherence to the rule of human right is not merely profession. The history of our dealings wltii Cuba shows that we reduce It to performance. The Monroe doctrine is not international law, and. though I think erne day it may become such, this Is not necessary as long as it remains a cardinal feature of our foreign policy and as long as we possess both the will and the strength to make It effective. This last point, my fellow-citizens. Is all important, and Is one which as a people we can never afford tp forget. I believe in the Monroe doctrine with all my heart and soul; I am convinced that the Immense majority of cur fellow-countrymen 60 believe in it: but I would Infinitely prefer to see. us abandon It than to see us put it forward and bluster about it, and yet fail to build up the efficient fighting strength which in the last resort can alone make It respected by any foreign power whose interest it may ever happen to be to violate it. BLUSTERING OBJECTIONABLE. Boasting and blustering are as objectionable among nations as among individuals, and the public men of a great nation owe it to their sense of national self-respect to speak courteously of foreign powers. Just as a brave and self-respecting man treat all around him courteously. But though to boast is bad, and causelessly to Insult another worse, yet worse than all is It to be guilty of boasting, even without insult, and when called to the proof to be unable to make such boasting good. There Is a homely old adage which runs: "Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far." If the American Nation will speak softly, and yet build, and keep at a pitch of the highest training, a thoroughly efficient navy, the Monroe doctrine will go far. I ask you to think over this. If you do. you will come to the conclusion that it Is mere ' plain common sense, so obviously sound that only the blind can fail to see Its truth and only the weakest and most Irresolute can fall to desire to put it into force. . Well, In the last two years I am happy to say. we have taken long strides in advance as regards our navy. The last Congress, in addition to smaller vessels, provided nine of those formidable fighting ships UDon which the real efficiency of any navy In war ultimately depends. It provided, moreover, for the necessary addition of officers and enlisted men to make the ships worth having. Meanwhile the Navy Department has seen to it that our ships have been constantly exercised at sea, with the great guns, and In maneuvers, so that their efficiency as fighting units, both individually and when1 acting together, has been steadily Improved. Remember that all of this is necessary. A warship is a huge bit of mechanism, well nigh as delicate and complicated as It Is formidable. It takes years to build.it. It takes years to teach the officers andsmen how to handle it to good advantage. It Is an absolute Impossibility to improvise a navy at the outset of war. No recent war between any two nations has lasted as long as It takes to build a battleship; and it is Just as impossible to Improvise the officers or the crews as to Improvise the navy. To lay up a battleship and only send it afloat at the outset of a war, with a raw crew and untried officers would be not merely a folly but a crime, for it would invite both disaster and disgrace. The navy which so quickly decided In our favor the war In 1898 had been built and made efficient during the preceding fifteen years. The ships that triumphed off Manila and Santiago had been built under previous administrations with money appropriated by previous Congresses. The officers and the men did their duty so well because they had already been trained to it by long sea service. All honor to the gallant officers and gallant men who actually did the fighting; but remember, too, to honor the public men. the shipwrights and steel workers, the owners of the shipyards and armor plants, to whose united foresight and exertion wo owe it that in 1S98 we had craft so good, guns so excellent and American seamen of so high a type in the conning towers. In the gun turrets and In the engine rooms. It is too late to prepare for war when war has come; and if we only prepare sufficiently no war will ever come. We wish a powerful and efficient navy, not for purposes of war. but as the surest guaranty of peace. If we have such a navy If we keep on building It up we may rest assured that there Is but the smallest chance that trouble will ever come to this Nation: and we may likewise rest assured that no for

eign power will ever quarrel with us about the Monroe doctrine. At the conclusion of the address there was renewed and continued applause, and while the greater part of the audience was leaving the hall the President was holding an Impromptu reception on the platform, as all the members of the committee that had been seated with him on the platform and many men from the audience pressed around to offer congratulations on the ad dress. Scant time was allowed for this. however, and the secret-service men closed about the President during tie short handshaking and quickly escorted hlni back to his apartments in the hotel. Immediately preceding his address In the Auditorium, President Roosevelt was en tertained at dinner In the banquet hall of the Auditorium by the members of the local entertainment committee. About 150 guests were present besides the President and his party. Colonel Frank C. Low den presided and announced that the dinner was to be entirely informal and that there would be no speeches. President Roosevelt remained at the dinner until 8:05. Then he entered the Auditorium hall. RECEPTION AT EVANSTON. The President Greeted by Northwestern Students A Drlef Speech. CHICAGO. April 2. Soon after the President's arrival here at 8:43 o'clock this morning his special train was switched to the tracks of the Chicago. Milwaukee & EL Paul road for the run to the north shore suburb. As the guest of President James and R. D. Sheppard, of Northwestern University; F. D. Crandon, G. R. Jenkins and J. C. Shaffer, of Evanston, the presidential party, within half an hour after arrival, again entered the cars amid the cheers of the assembled crowds and the waving of hats, and the train pulled out of the station. At Evanston the President was grc-ted by Mayor J. A. Patten, and then, headed by a detachment of cavalry from Fort Sheridan and a military band, the party made its way through lanes of school children on the streets and of capped and gowned students on the campus to the steps of Lunt Library. As the university grounds were entered a salute of twentyone guns was fired. On arriving at the university the President was Introduced by President Edmund J.jarr.es and was received with deafening cheers. President James of the university welcomed the President, saying In part: "You. sir. are the first President of the twentieth century, not merely In time but in temper. Your predecessors for more than fifty years looked forward to, grappled with, or looked back upon problems of the nineteenth century problems which seem to us now more than a century old. They belong to history. You are the first to face resolutely and fully the problems of a new generation and a new age. May God grant you wisdom and strength to inaugurate this new era, and as unparalleled opportunities have come to you. so may unparalleled success attend you. I thank you. sir, not only in the name of tnls Institution, not only In the name of this college and this university, but all other colleges and all other universities, for the grand Illustration which you have given to us. and our faculty and our students of the fact that college life and college opportunity properly lived and properly utilized are a most valuable element in the preparation for the manifold activities of the great world outside. Welcome, thrice welcome, to our midst." Addressing the students, the President referred to the value of a college education. The better your training." he said, "the better the work you can do. We have no room for the idler the man who wishes to live a comfortable life and if a man has not the rle.ht spirit in him. If he goes from this or any other university feeling that the fact puts him in a special class, he will fall. But if he feels that he has received special advantage to succeed In this life and proceeds vigorously with that rpeclal advantage In reserve he will succeed. He spoke of athletic sports and stamped his approval upon their value. Intellctual supremacy, he said, was good. Physical prowess was desirable, but better ttan all, and without which none could succeed, was an uptight character. At the conclusion of the Presidents address the party re-entered the train and was hurried back to the city without a stop, although along the entire route crowds gathered at the stations and esuctl