Indianapolis Journal, Volume 53, Number 47, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 February 1903 — Page 4

THT: INDIANAPOLIS JOüRNALi MONDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 1903.

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Subscribe with any of our numerous agents or end subscription to JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY Indianapolis, Ind. Person sending the Journal through the mails In the United States should put on an elffht-pa?9 or a twelre-pfce papr a 1-cent stamp: on a sixteen, .twenty or twentr-four-page paper, a 2-cent stamp. Jcrtlgn postag Is usually doubl these rates. All communications intended for publication In this paper must, in order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name- and address of the writer. Rejected manuscripts will not b returned unless postage Is inclosed for that purpose. Entered as stccnd-class matter at Indianapolis. Id.. poatoffiee. THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL Can be found at the follow Ins places: NCW T0RK Aster House. CHICAGO Palmer House. P. O. News Co.. 217 Dearborn strc-et; Auditorium Annex Hotel. Dearborn Station News Stand. CINCINNATI J. R. Hawley & Co., Arcade. LOUISVILLE C. T. Deering. northwest corner of Third and Jefferson streets: Louisville Book Co.. 2M Fourth avenue, and Uluefeld Bros.. 412 West Market street. BT. LOUIS Union News Company, Union Depot. "WASHINGTON. D. C Rl?s House, Ebbitt House. Fairfax Hotel. Wlllaxd Hotel. EENVER. Col. Louthaln & Jackson. Fifteenth and Laurence streets. . DAYTON, O. J. V. Wilkle, S9 South Jefferson street. roi.UMBUS. O. Viaduct New Stand, 2S4 High street. The Statehouse was never Intended for a laboratory, consequently the bill to turn It into one should tx deprived of its enacting Claus. . . SBSBBSBBBlSBBBBHSSBBSSBBBBMHSSSBBSBSBSBBSBSSSBBBBBBSBBBBBBBBBBBaBWSB It is probable that Senator Tillman is invited to meetings of press associations1 to ive variety to the exercises. He does, and a bad variety at that. SSUSSJSBSSBaSBSSSSSSBnBSBaBBSSSU The amendment of Senator Starr to the fee and salary bill, requiring county officers to make an annual sworn statement of all the sources of their revenue and the amount received, is a reasonable proposition. Those who may say that the Legislature la doing nothing because it has passed but sixteen bills forget that it takes as much time to defeat a bad measure as it does to enact a law. About fifty bad bills' have been killed thus far. Germany's conduct in the Venezuelan affair has been such that it will probably be a long time before any other power will care to form a temporary alliance with her .'for a special purpose. Great Britain will be very glad to have the present one ended. There is little doubt that the Standard Oil magnates sent telegrams to senators demanding that trust legislation be stopped. The answer Is the passage of the bill creating the Department of Commerce with the Nelson publicity amendment, which Is regarded as a slap at the Standard. It is probably fortunate for the present British Ministry that the Venezuelan "pacific blockade did not last long enough for the British-German alliance to be ventilated and voted on in Parliament. The Ministry could hardly have escaped defeat. The raising of the blockade will probably end the alliance. The exposure of the get-rich-qulck turf concerns and their wholesale swindling ought to be a warning to persons who think that any such profits as they promised can be made legitimately or paid for any length of time, but the lesson will be soon forgotten. The crop of focls la one that never falls. The text of the protocol between Venezuela and Great Britain speaks of it as an agreement between Mr. Herbert W. Bowen and hLs Excellency th Right Hon. Sir Ulchztl IL Herbert. II. M. C, C. B., His Britannic Majesty's ambassador and minister plenipotentiary to the United States of America The American was plain Mr., without any titles, but he got there. The subscribers to a coliseum fund which Is being raised in Louisville met on Saturday to discuss the situation. The subscriptions up to Saturday amounted to 1106,000, which, the Courier-Journal says, "is an averag of $1.500 a day since the project was Inaugurated." That would indicate seventy days s the period In which $106,000 has been subscribed. The subscriptions for a coliseum in this city reached nearly that Vflgure in half the time. Pope Leo XIII Is making a remarkable record for longevity and well-preserved powers. Within a few days of his ninetythird birthday his physician says he "reads without spectacles, walks without a cane, dresses and undresses without assistance, and works about fourteen hours daily.' The responsibilities of the most important ecclesiastical oOlce In the world sit easily on him, and with hi regular life and sorene temperament he may fulfill the doctors' prediction of living to be one hundred years old. A woman who died in St. Paul a few days ago, bequeathing $2,500,000 to charity, stipulated in her will that no politician should ever have anything: to do with the administration of the. bequest. This may afford ground for some future contest of the will and compel the courts to define the word politician." There are thousands of men holding public offices, national and state, who would make admirable administrators of any charity. There are politicians and politicians, and the proportion of personally dishonest men among them is not greater than that among business men. The failure of the jury in the Alexander eas to agree upon a verdict Is not surprising. The State made ä strong prima facie case against the defendant, and when It closed Us case the opinion was general that th Jury would convict, but the attack on the principal witnesses for the r;rc:cur.ion was so effective that it is'not curpri-ir j xszzv of the Jurors could not cet

rid of reasonable doubts of the defendant's guilt. A regrettable feature of the case is that the outcome of this trial will probably prevent any of the srave-robbers from being punished.

THE DIRECT PRIMARY ON TRIAL. The Journal has already mentioned the fact that "ft. S. Dwinnell. a former member of the Minnesota Legislature and father of the primary election law in that State, has admitted that the law Is not only a failure but is hurtful in Its tendency. His objections to It. after four years of trial, go not merely to the form and detail of the law, but to the principle. He still believes the system has some advantages, but has concluded that they are more than counterbalanced by the disadvantages. He thinks a direct primary is beneficial In that it arouses great public interest and causes people to take a general interest in the selection of candidates, and he thinks it will usually accomplish1 desirable results when applied to municipal offices because the people are usually more interested In that government which Is nearest to them, and will therefore exercise a more Intelligent choice. He thinks, however, that the direct primary will not work well for members of the Legislature, Judges and State officers, because the average person knows little of the requirements for these offices or cf the qualifications of the respective candidates, and therefore their choice, no matter how honest it may be, is not intelligent. Following are further points In his letter; I think, however, that the principal argument against the primary is the basic one namely, that it applies the theory of a pure democracy to political parties. I have always been a strong believer in a representative form of government, and it seems to me that all those who hold to this idea should consider carefully the underlying principle involved in a direct primary before advocating the ame. I supported and secured the adoption of the first primary law in this State, believing that it was a simple way to avoid corruption in public affairs. In two primary elections in the State, however, I have seen that no advantage has been gained. One other suggestion, which I have omitted, is the disagreeable nature of an ante-primary contest to a self-respecting man. Under the convention system it was customary for a person desiring office to see some of the leading and more active citizens in each precinct and secure their support, if possible. If their support was secured the contest within that precinct became not only the contest of the candidate, but also of the supporters, some of whom, perhaps, had consented to go on the ticket ms delegates to the convention. The amount of labor required to secure an office by a person who was acknowledged to be well qualified was, therefore, not great. Under the primary system, however, the candidate for the most insignificant office is required to give up his entire time for at least two months before the primaries. The only issue is, himself. He cannot discuss party politics, because the contest is within the party and all the candidates, presumably, are committed to the same issues. The contest is, therefore, purely personal, and. therefore, disagreeable to a person of any modesty or self-respect. This Is interesting because it represents the changed opinions of the man who framed and fathered a primary election bill which became a law, and because he writes in a spirit of perfect candor. Whether one agrees with his present views or not they are worth considering. Legislation on the subject Is as yet 1.J the experimental stage, and lawmakers need all the light they can get on it. Election laws of all kinds are largely dependent for their efficacy on the honesty of the people and the extent of public Interest In securing the right kind of public officers. If the friends of honest politics and good government who allowed the old convention system to fall Into disrepute because they did not attend primaries and ward meetings continue. to maintain their indifference to politics no primary election law will help matters much. When a people become so immersed In business and so commercialized that a large proportion of them cease to take enough Interest In politics to see that they are kept pure at the fountain head, no amount of legislation can make them pure. Good nominations, honest elections and good government do not depend on any particular kind of machinery so much as they do on the kind of people that run the machine. WHAT PUBLICITY MEANS. As the Nelson amendment to the Department of Commerce law is now In force and will be put In practice as soon as the Bureau of Corporations can be organized, the public is Interested In knowing Its exact scope and probable operation. It has become known as the "publicity" amendment. It .is Section 6 of the new law, and after creating a Bureau of Corporations, with a commissioner as chief. It says: The said commissioner shall have power and authority to make, under the direction and control of the secretary of commerce and labor, diligent investigation into the organization, conduct and management of the business of any corporation, joint stock company or corporate combination engaged in commerce among the several States and with foreign nations, excepting common carriers subject to "an act. to regulate commerce," approved Feb. 4. 18S7, and to gather such information and data as will enable the President of the United States to make recommendations to Congress for legislation for the regulation of such commerce, and to report such data to the President from time to time as he shall require; and the information so obtained, or so much thereof as the President may direct, shall be made public. This gives the commissioner of corporations the same supervisory power over Industrial combinations and all kinds of corporations engaged In commerce among the several States that the Interstate-commerce Commission has over railroad companies. The new commissioner will have nothing to do with railroads, but the law says he "shall, have and exercise the same power and authority in respect to corporations, joint stock companies and combinations doing an Interstate business as Is conferred on the Interstate-commerce Commission in respect to common carriers." The powers of the Interstate-commerce Commission, as defined by the law of 1SS7, are as follows: That the commission Is hereby authorized to require annual reports from all common carriers subject to the provisions of this act, to fix the time and prescribe the manner in which such reports shall be made, and to require from such carriers specific answers toall questions upon which the commission may need information. Such annual reports shall show in detail the amount of capital stock issued, the amounts paid therefor and the manner of payment for the same; the dividends paid, the surplus fund, if any. and the number of stockholders; the funded and floating debts and the interest paid therein: the cost and value of the carrier's property, franchises and equipment; the number of employes and the salaries paid each class; the amounts expended for improvements each year, how expended, and the character of such improvements; the earnings and receipts from each branch of business and from all sources; the operating and other expenses; the balances of profit and loss; and a complete exhibit of the financial operations of the carrier each year, including an annual balance sheet. All of the foregoing powers relating to railroads may be exercised by the commissioner of corporations over industrial combinations and corporations doing an interstate business. He will have power to examine books, issue subpoenas, compel attendance and take testimony. The Information thus obtained is to be submitted to the President cither In regular or rpecial

report, and as much thereof as the President may direct shall be made public. It remains to be seen what practical benefits, if any, will result from this "publicity." The commissioner is not required nor even permitted to investigate all industrial combinations or corporations, but only such as the head of the Department of Commerce may direct him to Investigate. Whatever Information he may obtain will be kept secret, unless made public by order or permission of the President. Presumably, therefore, only such information will be made public as the people are entitled to have for their protection or as may be useful In exposing or preventing illegal practices of a corporation. It is not a drastic law, and probably it will be used only against such combinations or corporations as have already fallen under public suspicion or as may fairly be suspected of illegal practices.

MR. OVER STREET'S SERVICE. It now seems that the military post Is assured. It has passed through many vicissitudes and has been beset by many dangers. The wonder Is that Indianapolis and vicinity obtained the prize, since at one time or another many of thoso who should have been Its friends were its foes, simply because they could not have the post located where they would have it and could not share the profits of the sale of land. Of the value of such a post to the city, and particularly to ' the country roundabout, there can be no doubt. It is a great prize for the city and vicinity to have drawn. If the spiteful opposition of citizens In attempting to defeat the purchase of the land when the location ' had been fixed by tho board of army officers was not so unusual an exhibition of malignity, the course pursued by Representative Zenor would seem less culpable. He opposed the location here because he Imagined that the post might be located in Indiana close to Louisville. If Mr. Zenor could have had his way he would have given a Kentucky city tho military post in preference to an Indiana city. While others did their parts in getting the military post. It is not too much to say that by far tho most difficult part of the task fell upon Representative Overstreet. In all the vicissitudes which have surrounded the enterprise Mr. Overstreet has been faithful. A less persistent and resourceful man would have failed. Enjoying the confidence of the War Department, he always obtained a patient hearing when others might not have got it. When all had been arranged with tho War Department, Mr. Overstreet was confronted with tho fact that It would require $30,000 more than the arsenal grounds will sell for to purchase the site. To get an Item into the general appropriation bill is a hazardous experiment. Only the most influential men in the House can do such things. Those who try usually fall. Mr. Overstreet did not fail because he has the confidence and good will of his own party In the House and the respect of the opposition. So it Is not too much to say that we have the military post chiefly because of the efforts of Mr. Overstreet. THE ANTI-REBATE BILL. A dispatch In the Sunday Journal stated that the Senate had agreed to the House amendments to the Elkins anti-rebate bill, which now goes to the President. As it embodies part of the administration programme of anti-trust legislation It will, of course, be promptly approved. It has the singular merit of being distinctly protective to the publio and at the same time entirely satisfactory to the railroads. It has been generally conceded for years past that the practice of railroads In granting rebates was a vicious and mischievous one. It has been a potent means of favoring large shippers and oppressing small ones. It Is for the Interest of everybody that the same rate should be charged to all shippers, yet the railroads had yielded to the demands of large shippers until they became practically powerless to enforce equal rates. Reports now on file with the Interstate-commerce Commission show that the railroads gave up anywhere from 1 to 10 per cent, of their freight earnings as rebates. For the year ending June 30, 1902, the Michigan Central Railroad paid back to shippers $1,312,900, which was nearly 10 per cent, of its total receipts for the year. The management admitted that $373,000 of this was for rebates. Out of receipts last year of $42,000,000 the New York Central paid back to shippers nearly $2,000,000. The freight traffic manager of the Lake Shore Railroad testified that approximately 5 per cent, of that road's freight earnings were paid back to shippers as rebates. Other railroads have pursued the same policy until It had become intolerably burdensome. They will be glad to have it prohibited by law. For obvious reasons the law will be beneficial to the people, as well as to the railroads, because it will put all shippers on an equality and do away with a practice that was hurtful to small shippers and demoralizing to business. The Elkins bill, which will probably become a law to-day or to-morrow, prohibits rebates of any kind or in any form whatever, gives the courts the right to enjoin railroads from making discriminating rates and makes not only railroad companies, but their officers and agents indictable for violating the law. The new law will put an end to one of the worst abuses In the transportation business. Now that Great Britain and Germany have agreed to the terms for the payment of the email debts owed by Venezuela to their respective subjects! it will bo asked if, with the present experience, they would repeat tho experiment. The sending of warships to blockade Venezuelan ports must have cost several times as much as the claims amount to. Both powers probably understood this at the outset. What was their purpose? Was King Edward inveigled Into the affair by his energetic nephew. William of Germany? Many think they can find a reason for William's anxiety to blockade Venezuela. They suspect him of schemes with reference to South America which would set aside the Monroe doctrine. In spite of all his friendly assurances, many Americans suspect that William was inspired in the Venezuelan affair by a purpose to see how far he could go without getting into trouble over the Monroe doctrine. He must have discovered that he coüid not go very far. Doubtless William foresees, as do others, that during the next quarter of a century South America must be opened up. It Is a' great country capablo of sustaining a vast population. The . crowded state of Europe makes its rulers solicitous for the populating of South America. This would mats colonics necessary, and ultimately

the control of them by Germany. There are large German colonies in South America. Why not have more and the revocation of the Monroe doctrine? William professes to be more than desirous of maintaining toe Monroe doctrine, but the German press, which teaches and Influences the people, is hostile to it, - The American people cannot understand the purpose of Germany. They would like to be on the best terms In the world with the German empire because this Republic is nearly a third German. But there will not be the cordiality Inspired by full confidence while William fays one thing and quarrels with such South American governments as Venezuela as if he desired to possess their territory. THE HUMORISTS.

Waited Too Long. New York Weekly. Tollte Gentleman (In street car) Take my seat, madam. Lady Never mind, thank you. I get out here, too. The Culture Didn't Take. A pious old dame from Detreuth A pilgrimage made to Raireuth, But when she heard sung "Die Götterdämmerung" She really didn't enjeuth. Chicago Tribune. Knew Little of Her. Philadelphia Press. Mrs. Dauber This is one of my son's paintings. ' Crittick-Ahem! Yes? Mrs. Dauber Yes, he's quite wedded to his art and Crittlck Rather & hasty marriage, wasn't it? So Pleased. New York Times. Queen Anne was rejoicing in her title of "The Good." "And to think it was so easily gained!" she mused; "Just by having cottages named after me instead of flats'." Glad of the success of her plan, she went forth to receive the acclamations of her people. A Slow Enterprise. Kansas City Journal. "You are an able-bodied man, why don't you go to work?" "Dat'a wot I'm goln to do, mum. Me and nie pardner is go in' to dig de Panama canal soon as dey gits de treaties fixed up right. De Senate is distressing slow, mum. You couldn't advance me a couple of dem pies In dere and take an order on de secretary of de treasury, could you?" A Modern Version. The prodigal son of the modernday Journeyed homeward from far away; "Weil treat It all as a harmless joke," Ills father said, "when he comes home broke." But the young man sported a necktie red. And his hat reposed on the side of his head. And he put his feet on the parlor chair And told them to get him the bill of fare. They stood and waited in great suspense For him to begin his penitence. Hut he simply said he would like to know What made the town so confounded slow. And he never aUowed them to forget That he was cn deck as the family pet. And they sold -the calf, 'mid vexations grim, 'Cause veal wasn't good enough for him. Washington Star. AS TO SUNDAY QUESTIONS A CANDID AND LOGICAL PRESENTATION' OF THE WHOLE MATTER. An Argument for a Day of Rest, Without Artificial or Arbitrary Restraints from Any Source. To the Editor of the Indianapolis Journal: Tho recent heated discussion of the Sunday question in connection with the demand of the baseball players to be exempt, as an industry, from the restrictions of the civil law which relate to every industry, furnishes a very appropriate occasion to study the whole Sunday question with candor and with a willingness to adjust our personal views and habits to the result, however much that may conflict with previous notions, with only an incidental reference to the Immediate occasion of this discussion. To my mind, those who have opposed the demands of the ball players are right as to the end sought, though radically wrong as to their rationale, hence they have been practically defeated, as they deserved to be, and as they always will be while depending upon religious considerations as the basis of their contention. In this investigation of the question I shall refer to the Biblo as the supreme and first authority in the case, though of course not conclusive with Vtny who do not accept it as authority on any question. To the remonstrators in this case It must, however, be final; hence to show what it teaches shall be the aim of this paper. Strangely enough, the first mention of It occurs in a historic sketch in which it Is used to. represent an institution with which everybody was familiar. The Hebrews were not yet out of sight of Egypt when the rest day was referred to, not as a new creation but as a familiar thing. It was, in fact, a part of the civilization of Egypt, the most cultured nation of the period, to acquire which the nomadic tribes of Israel had gone to Egypt 'more than four hundred years before. There was not in It, with the Egyptians, tne least morsel of religion, nor is anything of a religious bearing Implied in this, the first allusion to it in the Hebrew history. It was with the Egyptians purely and solely a police regulation founded upon hygienic considerations. What It meant is more fully shown when Moses, a little later on, dotted down a few general rules for the guidance of the new nation which had Just graduated from the training school and was entering its forty years of post-graduate lessons before entering on statehood on its own account. Among other wise things they wero to remember the rest day to keep it holy. What that holiness or completeness consisted in Moses distinctly specifies: there shall be no work done on that day, not even by servants or the strangers nor the domestic animals that were irsmblc in work. It is certainly not presumed that any religious 'considerations entered Into the inhibition as to animals. It was long after this that religion became complicated with the rest-day observances, and then It was as an incident, not a an essential constituent. When. In the development of the embryo nation, religious ceremonies were prescribed, such of them as did not require manual labor were assigned to the rest day which had already been recognized, and because it was a rest day and not because It was any more sacred than any other day. The "preparation day" was quite as sacred, though a work day. DOMINATED BY RELIGION. It Is not strange that during the centuries which followed. In which these Hebrews were now captives, now conquerors; now weeping by the rivers of Babylon, and now rejoicing amid the splendors of Solomon's times, that these companion but distinct Institutions should become so merged as to lose their respective identities and become, In popular thought, one, and that the religion element should dominate, since in all their mutations their religion re mained unchanged, while they were oftenunable to enforce the rest-day obligation except as they did It as a religious obligation. It was thus when the Christ came. The- Hebrews were a subjugated people, and yet free to exercise all their religious obligations; hence, in a degree they prescribed what might or might not be done on the rest day. It will be noticed that from the beginning to the end of Ills pub

lic teachings He antagonized the traditions of the Jews in regard to the rest day and what might or might not be done on the Sabbath. In short. He was a chronic Sabbath-breaker Judged by the standard of the times, though all the time religiously keeping the law as He understood it while going about doing good and rebuking the narrowness of the Pharisees by saying the rest day was made for man. not man for the rest day. It will be noted, also, that the disciples, in the institution of the Christian church, ignored the traditions which had been substituted for law. While they, too, observed the religious rites of the Jewish Sabbath they transferred the weekly religious services, in so much as they differed from the proper temple services, from the seventh to the first day of the week, and when they went among the gentiles they observed only the first day, distinctly teaching that the observance of any other day as a holy day was a matter of personal conscience which every Individual was at liberty to observe or not. as his individual conscience dictated. In the process of time this religion day became also the rest day with Christians. Again, it is not strange that, in the centuries which followed, these companion but distinct institutions became so blended as to seem to be one, and that again the religious absorbed the rest idea, and a violation of the rest-day law was regarded as a desecration of the rest day a sin against the church, not a crime against the civil law. It was thus in all the middle ages wherever the church and the state were united. So absolute was this absorption that the renaissance of the sixteenth century failed to seriously affect it. so that as late as the attempt of our Pilgrim fathers to establish a theocracy in America the most absurd notions obtained as to Sabbath desecration. The most cruel punishments were Inflicted for the violation of the Sunday laws, and it was not until the absolute divorcement of church from stato that any material modification of the socalled "blue laws," otherwise called the Puritanic laws, was effected. But such reformations are not effected In a day or a decade, or even In centuries. The wrong becomes o interwoven into the warp and woof of social and civil life that It lingers in form long after the better thought Of the people has moved far away from it. It finds a hiding place in the language and even in the laws of a people where it Is hardly expected, hence the violation of Sunday laws is often called, in our own laws, the desecration of the Sahbath, and many of the decisions of the highest courts use the same phrase when meaning only that in the proper exercise of the police power of the state it may forbid this or that when prescribing what may or may not be done on the national day of rest, without necessarily meaning to ascribe any special sanctity to that day. A QUESTION OF POLICE POWER. What then? It is not probable that one Intelligent native-born American in a thou

sand will gainsay the wisdom of the Egyptian rest day of 4,000 years ago, whether considered as a hygienic measure or as a protection of the poor man against the oppression of the rich man. The unvarying law of animal life, both in man and beasts, demands It, and Moses was wise to incorporate it into the civil laws of the Hebrew people, and Christians have been wise in all ages and in all countries to recognize it and enforce it, but it constitutes no part of religion, except in so much as being subject to the powers that be Is an ever-abiding tenet of the Christian Church. The enforcement of rest-day laws is as necessary a function of the police power of the State as is the enforcement of any other sanitary law and not a prerogative of the church except where church and state are one. Sound economic reasons require that, as far as possible, the rest day be national if not international. It follows, therefore, that preachers and church people not only have a right to, but it is their duty to protest against the Sunday baseball industry's violating the rest day laws Just as they should protest against the saloon industry or the theater Industry, or the carpenter or the bricklaying industries disregarding the same laws, and for the same reasons and for no other. The church has no right, nor has it any desire, to seek special legislation in Its interest, neither does it need any such legislation. That Sunday baseball and Sunday liquor selling or Sunday theaters may be more damaging to the morals and religion than open stores or groceries, or running factories and foundries or Sunday house building or farming may legitimately quicken their zeal as to the enforcement of law, but the" right and duty, as good citizens, to see that law is enforced Is the same In all cases. How the rest day is to be observed by individuals cannot properly be a matter of law, for It must depend upon conditions that cannot be uniform. What would be rest for the farmer, or the mechanic, or the factory hand, whose occupations require only the exercise of muscle, would be torment to the lawyer, or the banker, or the bookkeeper, whose life is a continuous mental strain. These require relaxation from brain work, while those will rest best If the brain is more than ordinarily employed. The details In each case cannot be prescribed by law, nor even suggested In discourse. Common sense will generally dictate to each individual what Is best for him or her, and a decent respect for the rights of others will restrain criticism in every case. No one need fear the influence of this liberty upon the work of the church; it will only afford additional opportunity for what legitimately belongs to it. No advantage accrues to it through any arbitrary or superficial restraints upon the inherent right of every man to be his own judge of what is best for his individual case, except the law of restraint which prohibits his harming others. This ideal rest day may not be in sight, but it is coming. The time is coming in which the state, not the church, will so enforce the rest-day law that industries which require continuous service will be compelled to give the emploj'es who must work on the natural rest day a day of rest equivalent to it in all its possible appointments, and no agency will be as effective in bringing this to pass as the church, whose special mission is to the workingman, and all of whose truths tend to the bettering of man; but before this is done all suspicions of coercing must be removed. Compel a day of rest for the reasons the Egyptians did 4,000 years ago, and a door will be opened to the church that otherwise will be closed forever. U. L. SEE. . Indianapolis, Feb. 14. And the Public Pays It AIL Detroit Journal. N Whether the new wage scale adopted at the Indianapolis meeting of delegates of the miners, a scale affecting 300,000 miners, is a substantial advance or a small one, It is only deducing logically from historical precedent to infer that the price of soft coal will not be lowered by the change. The general consumer knows nothing of the merits of a claim for more money for pick mining, screening or chain mining. What he knows is that agitation of any kind by the miners or the operators Invariably advances the price of fuel, and that the advance is generally out of proportion to the advance to the miner. Thus out of the demand, not yet conceded, for a trifle per ton advance by the hard coal miner, the consumer has had to pay not a few cents, but several dollars more per ton for fuel. Where those dollars have gone is a mystery. The miner did not get them at least, he says he did not; the operator swears he did not; the jobber's conscience is as pure as baking powder, and the local dealer and the railways also furnish a complete alibi. All that is certain Js that the dollars are gone and going, going, going. Our only hope of cheap fuel lies in peat, and It is time the statement was made that the coal trust had bought up all the peat beds and would work them only when the sort ana nard coal supply had given out. Founder of Smithsonian Institution. Washington Times. The grave of James Smlthson, founder of the Smithsonian Institution, is about to be disturbed to make room for a quarry. His body lies burled where he died, in Genoa, a fact not generally known. Nor is it known by many people in this city, living within sight of his splendid foundation, that he never visited the United States. As the illegitimate son of the third Duke of Northumberland, he chose to avenge the stain of his birth by bestowing the greater part of his estate a very large one in his day upon what was then his native country's dearest foe. We can have no quarrel with him on that or any other score. On the contrary, we are disposed to sympathize with the movement which has for its object the transfer of the body from its present resting place, where it is threatened by removal, to within the shadow of the noble foundation which bears his name. Something; Dae from Them. New York Commercial. If the Monroe doctrine is to receive con tinued recognition from South American republics they might chip in and contribute a few battleships to our navy. - May Have To. Kansas City Journal. In view of recent announcements, we may have to go Mr. Hanna two letters better and stand Patti.

SENATORIAL

TROUBLES

STATEHOOD BILL 3IAY SERIOUSLY 131PEDE LEGISLATIVE WORK. With Only Fourteen Working Days Left There Is Much Anxiety that the 3Ieaaure De Disposed Of. MUCH BUSINESS TO BE DONE 4 31 ANY I3IPORTANT BILLS ARE PRESSING FOR CONSIDERATION. House Is Well Up with 1U Work Mr. Moon, of Tennessee, Still Blocks the Way to Quick Action. WASHINGTON, Feb. 15. The ' Senate still finds itself burdened with the statehood bill, and while Just as anxious to dispose of it In some way In order to proceed unimpeded with other business It Is not even as confident of being able to do so as at the beginning of last week. With only fourteen working days of the session left. senators generally feel that the matter must be got out of the way. but when a suggestion of this kind is made the reply Invariably is that notwithstanding the statehood bill has held the right of way position, practically during the entire session, there has been no lack of legislation, and that all bills toward which there has not been serious opposition has been passed and that not a single appropriation bill has been delayed for a moment by the statehood bill. The feeling Is none the less strong, however, that the statehood bill will be seriously in the way at the close of the session unless disposed of very soon. There are still numerous appropriation bills to be considered. Senator Cullom wants to call up various treaties; Senator Lodge is anxious over the fate of the Philippine bills; Senators Penrose and Fairbanks are clamoring for "time for the immigration bill; Senator Aldrich wants his national bank bill considered; Senator McComasMs urging the eight-hour bill; Senator Quarles the land entry bill, and Senator Warren his omnibus claims bill. Indeed, there is scarcely a senator who has not some measure which he desires to press, and all feel that the statehood bill may be In the way of consideration. Senator Quay, moreover, yesterday gave notice that he would insist on having the statehood bill taken up promptly after the close of routine morning business each day in order to cut off other measures. All thought of compromise on the statehood matter apparently has been abandoned, and no course except to fight it out now seems open. The Democrats have refused absolutely to accept a compromise which would link Arizona with New Mexico, and Senator Quay has decided not to make any agreement which would not be satisfactory to his allies. His intention, therefore, is to stay with the bill to the end, and the question now awaiting his decision is whether or not to adopt the bold and hazardous course of pressing the measure as a rider. or amendment to one of the appropriation bills, it being conceded some of the friends of the statehood bill will not carry their support to the length of voting to attach it to a supply bill. It is now quite definitely decided to use the postoffice appropriation bill as the vehicle for carrying the statehood bill, provided the Senate shows a willingness to put the measure on one of the appropriation bills. It Is expected that the postoffice bill, as amended by including the statehood proposition, will be reported to the Senate on Tuesday or AVednesday, and Senator Mason, chairman of the postoffice committee, announces that It is his purpose to ask for almost immediate consideration. When the statehood amendment Is reached the critical test is likely to come. A point of order will be made against It that it Is not germane to the bill to which it wis attached. President Pro Tem. Frye will sustain the point If he rules on it at all, but the supporters of statehood contend that under the Senate rules he can and should leave the decision of the matter to the Senate itself, without passing on it from the chair. A large number of senators advocating the omnibus statehood bill recently signed a petition to Mr. Frye asking that this course be taken. He asked, however, that the paper should not be presented to him, and accordingly it was not formally laid before him, but such a suggestion may be proffered later. If the amendment should be carried, the statehood fight would be transferred to the postoffice bill, with the resultant danger of an extra session If the fight became protracted. If the amendment does not prevail, the general opinion is that the statehood advocates either will have to accept a compromise or allow the entire measure to fall with the expiration of the session, for the opponents of statehood show no disposition to yield. The chief supporters of the two Important treaties now before the Senate, the Panama canal treaty and the Cuban reciprocity treaty, are greatly puzzled over the situation. The statehood bill stands squarely across their respective pathways. After allowing a day or two for consideration of the Panama treaty. Senator Quay has declined to yield any more time, and as a consequence Senator Cullom, who is in charge of both treaties, finds the end of the Senate session approaching without seeing his way clear to get either treaty ratifled. The one day given to the Panama treaty has served merely to demonstarte that it will require considerable time to secure action on it. , After Senator Morgan had talked most of the day Thursday last, he told some of his senatorial friends that he had only begun his discourse, and It was made evident that there would be sufficient opposition on the part of other senators to prevent the success of the treaty. The present purpose is not to attempt to take up the Cuban treaty until the Panama treaty is out of the way. Most of the Democratic senators and two or three Republican senators will vote against the Cuban agreement, but If a vote can be reached it is believed that it will be ratified. To-morrow the Indian appropriation bill will be taken up again and its consideration probably concluded. Senator Tillman has announced his Intention to speak during the day in reply to Senator Spooner's recent speech on the race question In the South, and It is not improbable that quite general debate may ensue, regard)ess.xf the fact that time in the Senate is quite precious just now. On Saturday a part of the day will be devoted to eulogies of the late Representative Burke, of Texas. . WELL UP WITH ITS WORK. House Has but Three Appropriation BUI Mr. Fowler's Measure. WASHINGTON. Feb. 15. The appro priation bills are well advanced In the House for this stage of the session. With less than three weeks of the session ahead, only three of the supply bills remain to be acted on. Two of these the naval and for tification bills are on the calendar and will be passed this week. The general deficiency Mil will follow next week. Delays or. these bills In the Senate, however, now promise to crowd things during the final hours. The Fowler currency bill, which has been postpened from time to time, is to have a special rule making It a continuing order at the first opportunity this week. But if it reaches the stage of considera tion it will be sidetracked whenever an appropriation bill or conference report is ready. Consequently considerable skepticism is now manifested as to whether it will be brought to a vote. To-morrow is suspension day, but only matters of minor Importance will be con sidered. Mr. Moon (Dem., Tenn.) still re fuses assent to requests for unanimous consent, because the Indian Territory bill Is not given consideration, and his course compels recourse to suspension day for wa0 hum v v v liitivs siJcaDUi cot which usually go through by unanimous consent. White House Callers. WASHINGTON, Feb. 15.-There were a number of callers at the White House to day. Including members of Congress, with whom the President conferred on pending

legislative matters, xney included senators 4ian3 &sd Altrich, nlQ refined rlth

Mr. Roosevelt until nearly 11 o'clock. Mr.

J. Pierpont Morgan, who rvturn-l to thw city from Richmond. Va., shortly lefure tf o'clock, also callvd during the cvtnir.g. Ih left the house with Santors Ham. nr.l Aldrich. going as far hs thrir botti with them, when he returned to his car at tm; railroad station, later leaving for .Sw York city. LEGISLATIVE INQUIEY 3Iay Be Mnde Into the linn na-t nldvrell Case at Charleston. CHARLESTON. W. Va., Feb. 11-W. G. Caldwell, mersbor of the Legislature from Wheeling and chairman of the Hou.e Jfdlciary committee, was able to get out of bed to-day, but he was In a badly battered condition. He expects to be in his scat to morrow in the House of Deputies, when it is said that his colleague from Ohio county, Mr. Schwabe, will offer a resolution to Investigate the failure of loal officers to serve warrants on Hanna and Winders. After Caldwell was ejected from his hacic Capt. J. B. White and Officer Spradiing went to the crivate car occuniol by Winders and Hanna, but found it locked. As Sheriff Jarrett was on the same train taking some prisoners to the penitentiary the matter of arrest was left to him wnen the train left, but it Is charged that telegrams were afterward sent frr no arrests to bo made. Winder's Version of the Trouble. ' COLUMBUS, O.. Feb. 15. Concerning the alleged assault on W. G. Caldwell at Charleston, W. Va.. John H. Winder, of this city, to-night made the following statement to the correspondent of the Associated Press: "Myself and party were on our way to the station and hailed a passing cab. The driver stopped and we asked him to take us to the station. He said he would and we opened the door of the carriage but found an occupant seated there. We asked him If he objected to letting us ride with him, as we were going in the eame direction. Instead of giving us a civil answer he became abusive, and one of the party struck him. We left him in the cab and walked to the station. That was all there was of iL" MEMORIAL TO FISHERMEN BEAUTIFUL SERVICES ON ATLANTIC WHAnF AT GLOUCESTER. Floral Emblems of the Lives Lost at Sea Last YearDeath Record of the Fort for Seven Decades. GLOUCESTER, Mass., Feb. lS.-Nearly one thousand people, including men, women and children from all walks of life, crowded Atlantic wharf this afternoon and witnessed the beautiful yet pathetic ceremony when seventy-four flowers, emblematic of the seventy-four lives sacrificed In the fisheries from this port during the past year, were cast on the -waters of Gloucester harbor by seventy-four children. Following the exercises at the wharf a memorial servico was held at the City Hall, at which David I. Robinson, of Governor Bates's council, presided. The Rev. D. C. Charlton read the names of the fishermen whose lives were lost during the past year, and brief addresses were delivered, the speakers paying eloquent tribute to the lost fishermen, adding words of sympathy and comfort for their survivors. These memorial services are conducted annually under the auspices of Gloucester Seamen's Bethel, of which the Rev. D. C. Charlton Is the present director. The records of the bethel show that during the past seventy-two years the deep has claimed 5,016 lives from among the fishermen of Gloucester harbor. Nine hundred and eighty-nine widows and 1,980 children have been left to mourn these tragic deaths. Seven hundred and thirty-two vessels have been lost, representing a total value of $3,493,046. , . REMEMBERING THE MAINE MEMORIAL SERIVICES ON TIID FATEFUL WRECK AT HAVANA. No Bitter Allusions Mar the Tributes to the Dead Eulogies of Sampson and Cervera The New Maine. HAVANA, Feb. lS.-Four hundred Americans this afternoon observed thefifth anniversary of the destruction of the Maine, proceeding to where the Maine now lies, with a flag draped with crepe and a wreath, which were hung on the wreck as tributes to those who lost their lives In the disaster. Representatives of the Cuban Veterans' Association took part in the ceremony and brought the finest of floral offerings. The exercises were purely memorial, references calculated to revive animosities being avoided. The United States legation was not represented. Minister Squiers holding that any possibility of stirring up the feelings of the ßpanish residents by public exercises commemorative of a bitter incident in the war ought to be avoided. The Cuban government officials finally decided not to attend, but a government launch accompanied the procession to the wreck. United States Consul Rublee, Vice Consul Springer. and some representatives of the United States army were present. A United States quartermaster's launch led the way to the wreck, followed by two small steamers loaded with Americans and numerous little craft. All about the harbor American and Cuban flags were flying at half-mast. The strains of the Dead March played by the band of the United States artillery corps, floated across the water as the procession made its way to the Maine. After completing the decoration of the forlorn wreck, the boats clustered around the quartermaster's launch, the awning deck of which was utilized as a platform. After a prayer, offered up by Rev. Mr. McPherson. General Nunez, the Governor of Havana province, who is also the president of the Cuban Venerans Association, spoke In Spanish to the effect that the Cuban veterans would never permit such an occasion to pass without testifying their regard for those whom the Cubans were proud to regard as comrades. Ernest Conant delivered the memorial address. He paid a tribute to the victims but commended the mutual respect now existing between those who for a btlef period fought each other, and In his reference to the late Admiral Sampson the speaker especially eulogized the Spanish Admiral Cervera. Other speakers urged the co-operation of Cubans, Spaniards and Americans in working out Cuba's destiny. The ceremony concluded with the sounding of "taps." New Maine Ileady for Sea. PHILADELPHIA. Feb. 15. The new battleship Maine, built to replace the warship of the same name which, five years ago today? sank in the harbor of Havana as the result of a submarine explosion, to-day left her dock at the League Island navy yard and anchored in midstream. To-morrow the will proceed down the Delaware river on her flrft official assignment, that of Joining the North Atlantic squadron. The Maine is commanded by Captain Loutze and is manned by her full complement of (40 seamen and marines. Her armament consists of twenty guns.

Cruiser Albany Sails for Europe. NEW YORK. Feb. 13. The United States cruiser Albany sailed from the Brooklyn navy yard to-day for her cruise In the Mediterranean. She was to have started several days ago. but the nonarrlval of ammunition delayed her. The cruller probably will touch at Gibraltar for her first .port or may possibly keep on to Algiers, where Captain Rodger will communicate with Rear Admiral Crownlnshleld for further orders. She carriers a crew of 3C-Q sailors, firemen and marines. May De Signed To-Day. HAVANA, Feb. 15.-Minister Squiers has received a message from Washington, and it Is believed that the naval coaling station agreement will bo signed within u. Xen hours.