Indianapolis Journal, Volume 52, Number 364, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 December 1902 — Page 4

THE INDIANAPOLIS-' JOURNAL, TUESDAY, DECE3IBER 30," 1902.

THE DAILY JOURNAL

TUESDAY. DECEMBER 30, 1902. Telephone Calla (Old anil Ner), Lusir.fr 0fflsc..'..V3! Editorial Rooms SO TEnsis OF sinsciiiiTiox. BY CARWER-INDIANArOLIS an-1 SUBURBS. lUliy, turviay IncIudH. -0 cnt pr month. Daily, without MuBday, 4 cents pr month. hurnJay. without cally, I2.C0 per year. fcfir.fi cujies: Daily. 2 cent; Sunday, S Cents. BY AOEXTS EVERYWHERE. Dully, ptr week. Jft ctnts. iHlty. Sunday included, per week, 15 cents. fcur.-iay, per issue, ä cent. BY MAIL PREPAID. TlalTv .llHr.n n voar IS.OO Dally aad Sunday, one year fcunday only, one year 7.50 .50 REDUCED RATES TO CLUES. Weekly Edition. On copy, dm year W cenU Fl cent per month for period les than a year. No subscription taken for less than three month. REDUCED RATES TO CLUBS. Subscribe with any of our numeroua agents or sen 4 subscription to JOURNAL NEWSPAPER COMPANY. Indianapolis, Ind. persons sending the Journal through the malls In the United Stat should put on an elfcht-pa&e cr a. twelve-page paper a 1-cent stamp; on a sixteen, twenty or twenty-four-page paper, a 2-oent stamp. Foreign postage la usually double these rates. AM communications intended for publication in this paper muft, in order to receive attention, be accompanied by the name and address of. the writer. Rejected manuscripts will not be returned unless postage Is Inclosed for that purpose. Enter! as second-class matter at Indianarolls, Ind., postofflce. the; Indianapolis .journal ; Can be found at the following places; NKW YORK Astor House. CHICAGO Palmer House. P. O. Newa Co.. 217 Iarborn street; Auditorium Annex Hotel, Larborn Station News Stand. CINCINNATI-J. R, Rawtey & Co., Arcade. LOUISVILLE-C. T. Deerlng. northwest corner of Third and Jefferson streets; Louisville Book Co., 24 Fourth avenue, and Bluefeld Bros., 413 West Market street. 6T. LOUIS Union News Company, Union Depot. WASHINGTON. D. C--Rlggs House, Ebbett ' House, Fairfax Hotel. Wlllard Hotel, DENVER, CoI.Txmthaln it Jackson. Fifteenth and Lawrence streets. DAYTON, O. J. V. Wllkle, S3 South Jefferson street. COLUMBUS, O. Viaduct News Stand, 581 High street. Those who are urging the naming of the proposed army post near this city Hacklelaan are doing so with the knowledge that a large post occupied by troops at Helena, lient. ia named for General Benjamin Harrison, Advices from the Florida orange belt are that owing to timely warnings by the signal service the growers were able to protect their trees from injury during the two or three unusually cold nights of last week. The signal service pays for Itself fn many ways. If the Na.vy Department is going to compete with, a private corporation In constructing warships, it will be safe to predict that the department will be second In the race, unless a degree of efficiency has been attained at the Brooklyn navy yard that will be new In its record. The refusal of the allied powers to lift the blockade of Venezuelan ports until the conelusion of the arbitration looks like a needless continuance of an unnecessarily harsh policy. The blockade Is a serious 'interference with commerce, and it ought to be raised as soon es the preliminaries of the arbitration are settled. Considering the testimony, even as given by ex-Sheriff Dudley's friends. Governor purbln could not have done otherwise than he has in that case. Without authority he arrested a man in another State, where he could have been safely detained in prison. and brought him to the place where the mob was waiting for him. Those who know of ex-Secretary Olney are pot surprised that he declined to go to Nebraska to attend a democratic banquet, for, be it known, Mr. Olney is very much of an aristocrat of the Beacon-street va riety. Besides, he is getting bo near sev erity years of age that if he were a differ ently constituted man than he is he would riot travel two days and two nlgh-j to attend a banquet. Tbe Interstate-commerce Commission has discovered that vulcanite cement has been shipped from Belgium or Germany to East pt. Louis via New York for 63 cents a bar rel, while the rate from New York city on the domestic article is 66 1-3 cents a barrel. Crockery, if Imported, Is taken from New York to Chicago for 13 cents a hundred pounds, while the charge on the domestic is 63 cents. Why this discrimination In favor of foreign manufacturers? The respective aspirants for the speaker ship nave settled the candidacy among themselves. This is well, even if it de prlves the small prophets and gossipmakers of a topic. Mr. Marshall has legis lative experience fitting him for the post tion and a good record as a legislator to commend him to the confidence of the pub lic, There are few positions of greater responsibility and few where a man can ren der the State more effective service. The official opening of the durbar at Delhi yesterday was probably the most magnificent and spectacular pageant that ever occurred. The mingling of British officers with Indian princes, the combined trumpet ing of heralds and elephants, and the contrasting uniforms of royal dragoons and native maharajahs must have formed a scene of unique splendor. And all to em phasize the fact that a fleshy, good-natured man in London is Emperor of India. This city can never be sure of an ade quate coai supply at an times until we have a coal road organized, built and man aged in the Interest of Indianapolis to the exclusion, if necessary, of all other local ities. Considering the location of the city, its nearness to the mines and the, great importance of cheap coal and plenty of It, it is surprising that such a road has not been In operation for years past. While the manufacturers of this city are wishing. hoping and praying for cheap fuel those of tome other cities are getting it by welldirecttd effort. Not long ago several free-trade papers found considerable conse'aMon in their own asfertion that lha export of merchan dise were falling off and that the falling off wji among the protected articles. The Court's showing the value of exports for the eleven month of the calendar year ending with November show that these ex cellent people, as usual, are wrong. Instead of falling off the valuo of the export cf manufactured goods was Increased $15,r"'0 during the last eleven months over 3 t rrtrcndinj period of 1501, and the

claim that the protective tariff is cutting down our exports of manufactured goods is not correct. Our exports were $115,476,O&S less during the eleven months of YM1 than the same period the previous year because of the short crops of 1001. The export of the products of the farm was about $130,000.000 less the last eleven months than during the corresponding period of 1301. As showing what an important article for export corn has become, the value of that grain exported reached $13,501,374 during the eleven months of 1011. but fell to $6,743,151 during the last period of eleven months. CONGRESS AND THE CIDAX RECIPROCITY TREATY. Congress will meet again on Jan. 5, and

the Cuban reciprocity treaty will come before the Senate immediately. Under the provisions of the treaty it must be ratified by Jan. 31. This will give the Senate twenty-six days in which to act on It, and this should be ample time. The trouble which was threatened by reason of the House disputing the right of the Senate alone to ratify a treaty affecting the revenues has i robably been averted by the action of the President Informing the leaders of the House that In the event that the Senate ratified the treaty without consulting the lower chamber, he will send a message to Congress requesting that enabling legislation be enacted. This will enable the House to participate at least indirectly in ratifying the treaty, and thus satisfy its claim. On this point, however, it should be remarked that the Constitution vests the treaty-making power in the President and the Senate exclusively. This applies to all treaties, and the fact that a treaty affects the tariff does not give the House any concurrent power with the Senate in the matter of ratification. The House, was reminded very early in the history of the government that It had no share in the treatymaking power. In 179 it passed a resolution requesting President Washington to lay before it a copy of the instructions to the minister of the United States who negotiated the treaty with Great Britain, together with the correspondence and other documents relative to the treaty. Wash ington declined to do this, and stated his reasons for doing so in a special message to the House. In this message he said: The course which the debate has taken on the resolution of the House leads to some observations on the mode of making treaties under the Constitution of the United States. Having been a member of the General Convention, and knowing the principles on which the Constitution was formed, I have ever entertained but one opinion on this subject; and from the first establishment of the government to this moment my conduct has exemplinca that opinlon-i-that the power of making treaties Is exclusively vested in the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, provided two-thirds of the senators present concur; and that every treaty so made and promulgated thenceforward became the law of the land. It is thus that the treaty-making power has been under stood by foreign nations, and in all the treaties made with them we have declared and they have believed that when ratified by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate, they became obligatory, Washington concluded a brief argument on the subject with: "Therefore, It Is per fectly clear to my understanding that.the assent of the House of Representatives s not necessary to the validity of a treaty." In this connection it may be remarked that the journal of the constitutional conven tion shows that a proposition was made that no treaty should be binding on the United States which was not ratified by a law," and the prpposltion was rejected. In some Instances it may be necessary for the House to make an appropriation to carry a treaty into effect, but under no circum stances can It have any voice in the ratification of a treaty. The text of the Cuban treaty shows It to be very favorable to American interests. It gives the sugar producers of the United States protection against Cuban competition to the extent of one and one-third cents a pound. This ought to be sufficient, and the reduction of the duty on sugar Is insignificant compared with the important concessfons gained for other American products These include reductions Jn the Cuban tariff of 20 per cent, on all agrlcul tural products, of SO per cent, on butter, raw wool and raw cotton, of 40 per cent; on cotton manufactures, of 40 per cent, on rice. of 30 per cent, on American wines, of 40 per cent, on preserved fruits, of 25 per cent. on all manufactures of cast and wrought iron and steel, and so on. The concessions on the part of Cuba cover almost every branch of American manufactures, and are large enough to insure a monopoly of the Cuban trade, which is now controlled by Europeans, to the producers and manufac turers of the United States. These conces sions, made in return for a slight reduction in the duty on Cuban sugar, will benefit every farmer and manufacturer in the United States. The treaty should be promptly ratified by the Senate, and if any appropriation or enabling legislation is needed to carry It into effect, the House should act with equal promptness. THE PHI SI AR Y ELECTION RILL. Quite a number of Important measures will be before the next Legislature, but few are more Important than the primary election bill which a committee of the Com mercial Club ha3 been considering and which Senator Thompson Is now drafting Any measure which will secure better primaries, whether they select delegates for conventions or nominate by direct vote, should receive the earnest support of the friends of good government. Popular gov ernmcnt begins at the primary, since one or the other of two sets of candidates emanating from the primary, either by direct vote or delegate convention, wil shape legislation, vote appropriations and execute the laws. Such belnsr the case, it follows as a logical conclusion that the primaries should be as carefully safeguard ed against fraud as Is the general election in which the candidates of the primary are passed upon and one set of them chosen. The law should make It a felony for a man to vote in a primary outside of the voting district In which he has a legal residence, or to vote in the primary of a party of which his voting record does not make him a member. All of the proceedings of the primary should be as deliberate and as carefully guarded as those of a general election. Until such a law shall be enacted and apply to every precinct in the State the best In popular government will not have been attained. It is often objected that a primary, with the details of what it Is proper to call the secondary election, is expensive. Everything that has value costs effort and money, but the very cheap things are often the costliest. Primaries In which delegates are selected by hired hands, mustered at the nearest saloon, are likely to select delegates who will sell tne.r ut uo the candidate who will make the moat inefaclent

official. In such event the cheapest Is often the most expensive. The Journal believes that a primary election law should extend to every county in the State, but, if such law cannot be enacted now, let one be enacted and made obligatory in the more populous counties and optional in the others, to be determined by a direct vote or some tribunal. In this county a rrimary election, with all the safeguards and penalties of the secondary election, is an imperative necessity. It is understood that thc bill upon which the Commercial Club committee has practically agreed provides for party primaries in a few of the larger counties. It provides that the Circuit Court shall appoint commissioners representing both parties.

who shall name the precinct primary officers; that the county commissioners shall furnish election booths; that each precinct election officer shall be paid $2 by the county or city; that the ballots shall be paid for by the candidates and pointed under the supervision of the primary commissioners. That Is, the party organizations will have no more to do with the operation of the primaries than they have with the management of the general elections. It will be a high misdemeanor for a man to vote in any other precinct than that in which he has a legal residence, or in the primary of a party in which he has not a voting record, unless he furnishes satisfactory evidence that ho proposes to vote with the party at whose primary he asks to vote. The law will further provice for an official challenger. These last provisions, designed to make the primary a strictly party affair, are most Important. It is the weakness of the aw in some States that such is not the case, in Minnesota the requirement in tnis respect Is so vague that men vote for the candidates they please. Because of this ooseness In the law Dr. Ames was made a candidate for mayor in the Republican primary of Minneapolis by his friends, who were numerous in the free-and-easy ana lawless element. He was nominated as a Republican by men who were not Republicans, but, when nominated. Republicans elected him. The result was a municipal government that was utterly mercenary and depraved. If there should be any loose provision n the law which would make it possible for one party to nominate the candidates for the other party, it would be a survival of the worst. It is Important that the Thompson bill, or one equally effective, should be considered by citizens to the end that they may exert a positive Influence In ts favor. JUSTICE TO ST. LOUIS. Some comment has been caused by the fact that the municipal corruptionists, or, to use the common phrase, "boodlers," re cently convicted at St. Louis, include a grocer, a capitalist, a banker, two insur ance men, a professional politician, a brewer, a tallroad clerk and a saloon proprietor. The fact that ten convicted persons represented nine different vocations has been thought by some to Indicate that municipal corruption was wide-spread in St. Louis, that all classes are corrupt, and that personal honesty is the exception rather than the rule. Such a view Is unreasonable and unjust. The fact .that the convicted men In this case represent 60 many different occupations is doubtless accidental and does not furnish any rea sonable ground for thinking that personal dishonesty is more prevalent in St. Louis than In other largo cities. As a matter of fact, the country knows that as a chss the citizens of St. Louis are as honest and honorable as those of any other city, and that its business men are noted for conservatism and adherence to correct business methods. Unfortunately, for the city, however, municipal corruption succeeded In getting a strong foothold, and while it did not permeate the whole community it did develop very shocking conditions. The corruption, however, was that of Individuals, not of classes, and still less of the community at large. There are corruptionists In every large city, and eternal vigilance is required to prevent them from plying their vocation. Instead of being stigmatized on account of her convicted boodlers, St. Louis should be congratulated on the fact that the ring, when discovered, was so vigorously attacked and that so many of its members, some of them prominent citizens, have been convicted and sent to the penitentiary. It required strong public sentiment to bring this about. It could not have been done In every city. There are scores, perhaps hundreds, of- corruptionists as bad as those convicted in St. Louis walking the streets of other American cities to-day without the slightest fear of prosecution and confident of their ability to escape conviction if they should be Indicted. St. Louis deserves credit for having brought her corruptionists to justice, and that cannot be said for all American cities. It is stated that the beet-sugar manufacturers will hold a conference soon and determine whether or not a cut in the duty on sugar, as proposed in the reciprocal treaty which has been negotiated with Cuba, will injure that Industry. About the first thing such a conference should feel It necessary to do would be to explain the statements regarding the great profits which the manufacturers have made. If the conference should assert that the industry cannot live without the present duty of CO to 105 per cent, ad valorem on raw sugar according to the quality, in face of the report of the officers of the Charlevoix Beet-sugar Company to its stockholders given in the Journal yesterday. It would not be believed. Those officers, showed that with ordinary success a 600-ton plant could yield an annual profit of 57 per cent, on the stock and that the average cost of producing sugar from beets is 2.3 cents a pound, while it sells for not less than 4.25 cents a pound. These are statements which any conference cannot ignore. The Indiana school-teachers now holding their annual meeting can congratulate themselves that they belong to a profession whose ranks is not crowded. On the contrary. Information comes from all parts of the State that there is a scarcity of schoolteachers who can pass the examinations which the Board of Education prepares every year for those who would become instructors. Were the requirements less positiv and the law and officers less watchful, a few might smuggle in to receive the lowest compensation. With the present high standard of qualifications the teachers profession in Indiana is not likely to be crowded. It can be said that the compensation of teachers is low compared with that of persons requiring less education In other fields of effort, still, the compensation Is much better than It was a

quarter of a century ago. The teachers lot, like that of many others, Is far better every yay than was that of their predecessors. There is a large number of men and women living in this State who taught school for li to $20 a month and boarded and not very well boarded at that. That was before teaching was a profession and when most anyone who had been to school a fow months at an academy could be a teacher. Now teaching is a profession and the teacher must not only take a thorough

course of study, but he or she must keep at - the front by constant study. Just now a new field for teachers is opening In the manual training schools. This new demand, in connection with the fact that the State is short of good teachers, tends to make the future of school-teaching as a profession cry hopeful. THE HUMORISTS. English or American t Life. "Where 'do you cany your money In your vest?" "When I'm broke I do, but when I have a wad I carry It In my waistcoat." A Totally Different Fault, Baltimore American. Ruymster Don't you think my verses have been exceedingly uneven in quality of late? Roaster I had Just been noting how painfully otherwise they were. Retter Left V'nntd. Chicago News. Witless Who is that handsome girl standing near the pianoT Mrs. Homer That Is my daughter. Witless Inieed J She doesn't resemble you in the- lcact. Must Be a Freak. Cleveland Plain Dealer. "He certainly has a remarkable head on his khoulders." "I hadn't noticed It." "Hadn't noticed what?" "That he hasn't any neck." Had n Chance, Kansas CJty Journal. "How do you suppose Methuselah managed to reach suvh a sreat age?" "Why, everything was In his favor. There were no automobile, or trolley car, or operations for appendicitis, or health foods in those days." Encouraging. Chicago Tribune. "It's a fact. Aunt Kate," paid the young man. "Father says he will ray my way through

". am? J iiv mil I'll in jr nay iuiuu(,ii i , .. .. r ., " . . ' - i . . . - . ,tt0 . j , ...ijn.-i j I imu ivj uutj r- ... " . college but afier that I'll have to stand on my solicitation of the saloon keeper, and for outgrowth of different social, political and u wh,cn lne gChooL, m their loyal appllcouege. ut aner mat ill nae to stana on my tne purpose of induclng the saloon keeper religious conditions-they were themselves ",on if the test laid down by the over

own merits "Let us hope it will not be so bad as that, Rodney," soothingly replied his elderly relative. An Ideal Playmate. Little Chronicle. One day Jack, overcome with lonellnees, said: "Oh, I wish I had a little brother to play with me!" "Well," said Mama, "if you had a little brother he would be Mania's little boy, and Mama would be his mama, too, .and you would have to be unselfish and kind to him." Disheartened at the prospect, the little fellow exclaimed: "I don't want a little brother. I with I was twins, so I could p)ay with myself." THE DRINK TRAFFIC. An Effort to Deal with It In Conserva tism and Benson. To the Editor of the Indianapolis Journal: Everybody wishes to have temperance govern in all things, of course; in one man's advocacy of a measure which he considers good as well as in another man's practice of what others think is a vice. That is to say, all so wish who are broad of vision, generous of purpose, charitable in temper; who do not arrogantly assume that wisdom and all desire for the better ment of mankind will die with them For right and wrong are so largely relative, the thing that Is right for one may be so far from right for another, or that which 13 right at one time for one may so easily be at another time not right for him and so, precisely, with wrong that temperance in Itself, whether in commendation or condemnation, In indulgence or abstention. Is alwaya to be counted as a chief amongst the virtues. And, on the other hand. Intemperance Is always a vice, no matter by whom practiced nor In what behalf. The purpose that Induces it may relieve one of guiltiness, for guilt is of the Intention to do evil, .but the vice element is not thereby eliminated. No matter what the cause Is which one purposes to further, intemperance In the behalf remains a vice; from which it follows that efforts to accomplish a thing In itself good may very well result in a greater evil than that which they are designed to cure. No very deep thinking is required to get at so obvious a fact as that, Jt should seem, and yet our miscalled temperance friends appear never to have grasped it which, upon a further glance, Is not so very curious, because they start upon their crusade against "rum" from several false postulates. As, for Instance, that to in dulge oneself in a beverage containing alcohol Is forever and always wicked; that he who does so Is pretty certain to become a drunkard; hat the misery of the drunkard comes from his drunkenness alone; that If "rum" were but banished irum me eana ecryimng wouia De au right; that all who do not approve this II . 1- A 1 1 M . I particuar measure are against their cause: and so on and so on In all of which and all of thc sort they are largely If not altogether wrong. As for the first of these specifications It may be ungenerous but one cannot always be generous to remind our prohibition friends that one of tho greatest of the apostles advised another of the great apostles to take a little wine for his stomach's sake, and that Jesus himself upon a festive occasion where wine was served and the supply fell short replenished it. Are they prepared to maintain that Jesus did wrong? And further, as to this. It la now seme twenty years or so ago that a company of English physicians announcea tneir conclusion. Da sea upon a series of experiments and investigations on this line, that not more than one ounce and a half of absolute alcohol taken daily as beer or wine or whisky, according to the- per cent., was beneficial to the animal economy. Now, we may speculate and philosophize as we please about man's origin and destiny, but the fact remains that all our knowledge of him comes through manifestations of his physical structure, and it certainly cannot be that anything which, used aright, conserves that physical structure. Is altogether evil. And once more, there arc many men still living who know for a certainty that they came out or that peninsula campaign In ISC? In better form because of the moderate ration of whisky then issued them. So of the assumption that al who drink are on the road to drunkards' graves; its refutation Is all about us every day. It would be just as rational to Insist that all who engage in in a church raffle are liable to become confirmed gamblers. The possibility lies In both cases, no doubt of it. but not the necessity. And are all things to be without qualification condemned in which lies even a possibility of danger? That would knock out a good many things, for a certainty; marriage, for Instance, and mushrooms, and the theater. And. again, there can be no doubt that the larser number of those who drink to exces3 do so in the first instance to drown their misery. The folly of such a course needs no insistence, since it can but lead from misery to destruction; but the fact is not thereby changed. The rational course to adopt here suggests Itself: remove the cause. Prevent, and there will be no disease to cure. A great deal has already been done on this line, not. however, by the Prohibitionist, who works, and always worked, from the wrong end. A more absurdly irrational attitude was never taken by anybody towards anything than was that assumed by our Prohibition friends In their appeal to President Oarfield to abstain from tho use of alcoholic ettpulapts rather than set a bad example

to the youth of our land, though he lay dying and his doctors had ordered them given him. So they have at times advocated making illegal the manufacture of any form of alcohol, though then the arts and manufactures would have to suspend, though no other one article of the materia medic is as indispensable In preparing drugs for use in the treatment of diseases. Certainly, fanaticism can never go farther nor show Itself more Indisputably

an unsafe guide r,, .7ii hoc and SSlr in u ?555i?vSv imaii con..rJLJ neol Ti'LZSrSEYÜ. VhJ S55 sim seouence pie are directly concerned; while thc plan of operations, the policy, of the promoitlonist, which he persistently follows in defiance of reason and the teachings of experience, tends, at all events, to the subversion of order, the insecurity of property and life, to even, in the final event, the destruction of society. Of course, no very dire results will come of his actions so tending, because the conservative common sense of the people at large will take care of him, along with the rest, in the future as it has in the past; or he, if once clothed with responsibility, as now he is not. might be born into reason. But as now he works his methods tend to the abo lition of order as well as alcohol. It must be plain enough to the most casual glance that we are not peculiarly a law-abiding people. It is not necessary to attempt a catalogue of the grounds for this conclusion. A reference to one of the more atrocious of them must be sufficient to justify It. There are no figures afmy hand which cover tne field if such existbut I venture to suggest that most probably we have burned to death here in our United States during the last ten years a larger number of negroes with an occasional white man to make good measure than our Indian predecessors in the field burned of white men during the entire period of the conquest of the continent. And our burning-s of human beings are of unqualified devilishness, while an clement of their religion extenuated the burnings by the Indians. And the curious thing about it Is that our so-called, or It may be, our absolutely best people, those whom we exploit, or who exploit themselves, as the luiciuanera ana assurers ui ueutx aim i juster and loftier conditions to come for all men, who do not hesitate to criticise the better state of affairs than any that ever before existed, and which we, our good fellows, that is. have established in Cuba and the Philippine Islands these are they at whose doors may be laid the very worst I ' . 11 M ,, A. 1 A. M A. . n nyi an ui tne evns inai conironi us today and menace us for the long to-morrow. And for this reason: That all their efforts tending to "reform have been persutently on lines that cannot fall, by their ad vocacy alone, to bring Into disrepute and contempt all that now is practicable for good. In so far as they have any effect at all. One or two recent happenings show this very clearly. In a late trial before our mayor to deprive a saloon keeper of his license one of our city preachers was pres ent and took notes. The case was decided In favor of the saloon keener. Then from his pulpit on the following Sunday the preacher insinuated that the mayor's de cision was induced by Improper motives. But one of the "good" ones who work by whatever means against "rum" testified at tne trial that he had entered the saloon at an illegal hour and tempted the saloon Keeper to sell him a glass of beer. This he did of his own free will, not at the to violate the law in order that he mlaht testify against him of that violation; which the saloon keeper thereupon did; and as the preacher above mentioned had no word of condemnation for this, it is fair to assume that he approved of the "good" man's contemptible act. And again: We were told latelv bv a Journal correspondent of great weight in mis crusade that our Prohibition friends would be only too glad to have certain of our national legislators vote to re-establish a thing that they knew aealnst the testl mony of all experts, to be sure, but to their own satisfaction. nevertheless to be wrong. In the pride of their boastful is norance they would have evil that evil may more abound. And not even experience can drive them to be rational. This view of the questionable methods which good people can brine themselves to make use of in furtherance of what they consider good is strengthened by the eircumstances of a case decided bv a ludere here in our town but a day or two aero, in which it appears that the remonstrants against granting a saloon license made use of the most approved and unscrupulous methods of the commonplace ward heeler. as far as they were applicable, In obtaining signatures. There are numberless facts makintr to a like purport, if one had but time or it were of any avail to catalogue them. If our Prohibition friends could but once firmly grasp a fundamental fact or two touching tnis general subiect they would Ereatly en large their at present very limited capacity ror doing good on the earth. One of these facts is that the saloon Is not a cause, but an effect. The people want it and will have It or Its equivalent; and, therefore, the Idea of a church-canteen is by no means as aw ful as it must at first glance seem to most good church people. It is not a new idea. but has been advocated by even some of the highest churchmen in England: while a state canteen, upon which, possibly, our traduced army canteen was modeled, is operated with excellent effect by the Scandinavians of northwestern Europe. The idea is, it need scarcely be said, to reduce an evil that cannot be eradicated to the small est possible proportion. And how can that better be done with this drink traffic than by putting It In the hands of responsible people who shall have no pecuniary interest in its returns, while they are held to the strictest accountability, both by legal enactments and the sentiment of a united community? Of W, SEARS. Indianapolis, Dec. 28. i r A I.AB0R UNION KICK. Organisation Doesn't Like the Idea of . Mall Boxe on Street Cara. Harper's Weekly. It Is reported from Washington that' the proposition of the postmaster general to put etter-boxes on the sidas of street cars in cities, to expediate the conveyance of letters to the postofflce, is hotly opposed by the labor unions. They argue that the use of street cars as mail-carriers will be a source of embarrassment to street rail way employes when they go on a strike, since strikers will not be able to obstruct the cars without risk of getting Into trouble with Uncle Sam, Separate mallcars on trolley roads they tolerate, but this idea of mall boxes on ordinary nassencpr car3 ia Verv reDUnant to them A snnk canJ ,y repugnant to mem. a spokes man of the American Federation of Labor is quoted as saying that that organization is "opposed to any proposition that looks to furnlshlng.,the protection of Federal Courts and troops to the operation of a private enterprise employing a large num ber of workingmen, under the guise of protecting the mails." All that Federal Courts or troops can do is to prevent stoppage of mail by violence. Neither courts nor troops could compel street car employes to worK, or to run cars against their will. This active opposition of the labor interests to the postmaster general's plan involves a somewhat contumelious re flection on tne anility of state or local offi cers to keep order. By so much as the labor unions rear the Federal authority. by precisely so much they show themselves to despise State authority, and to relv on successful violence to carry through their undertakings. Indiana Statues in National Capital. To the ndltor of the Indianapolis Journal: I have carefully read your editorial on "Indiana's Statues," and cannot Indorse it, nor the article in this morning's Journal by J. B. McFadden. As I understand the law the design was to enable a State to select two of its most prominent citizens whose statues should be chosen to adorn the na tional Capitol. Oliver P. Morton has been selected as one of tho two. Has Indiana had any citizen more prominent than Benjamin Harrison, either In time of war or peace? Oliver r. Morton was a ereat citizen of the State. Let the other statue be that of a soldier of the State, alike distinguished in war ana peace as a loyal man to nis country at an times. The aw did not contemplte a compliment to political parties. I hope that the political Idea will not enter Into mm matter and more com plimentary action nad in the premises. THOMAS M. LITTLE. Connersville, Ind., Dec. 20. If Conkllns Had Known. Cleveland Leader. A magazine which makes large preten sions contains an article on Thomas Jeffer son, written by a man of at least equal self-complacency. In which the amazing statement Is made that the subject of thc sketch sen-ed one term as vice President. and, finally, three ternrs- as Itsldent of the Unitea states, jr conitiing had only known that what an argument he might have made for Grant's third candidacy in

TRAINERS OF THOUGHT (CONCLUDED FROM FIRST PAGE.) sympathetic. The result was. he declared, that our educational system was built with entire defiance to the laws of architecturefrom the top down instead of from the bottom up. Mr. Prosser hinted more than obscurely

mat mere nas Deen too mucu Paid to thc university as a unit of educa tion. to the comparative exclusion of th common school. . He gave to the universit: that there has been too much attention he y all the credit that is its due, but main tained that hereafter, when the educational system Is reorganized, as It surely will be, the intermediate schools will come In for a larser share of attention ana a more sane manner of administration. WHAT SHOULD BE TAUGHT. One of the most pointed periods of the president's address was the declaration that there is too much attention paid toward preparing the child for the university and nQt h tQward hlm for life. He epitomized thc idea with the sentence. IT the country school cannot teach both Latin and agriculture, let It teach agriculture. for the science of farming is of vastly more Importance to those whose destinies must be wrought amid the clover tnan me achievements of Caesar in Helvetia." Teachers are too far separated from life itself, he thinks. Because of their strange Isolation they are looked upon as strang ers by thc great public. The teacher must get closer to life, said Mr. Prosser, or children will continue to be ruined in the makinz. The subiect of the inaugural ad dress was "Needed Readjustment of Our School System." New President's Address. In part the new president's message to the teachers was: Our educational svetem. like the creature who hnilt it. hns been fearfullv and wonderfuuy made; made by piecemeal; made at snasmonic intervals: made oy warring builders who little dreamed of the ultimate purpose cf the structure; built from the top down in opposition to every known canon of architecture. Not only were the school units duiu from the top down In order of time, but thev were the handiwork of different countries. The university and the interme diate schools came from sunny trance. The secondary school originated beneath Italian skies. The primary scnooi ana tne kindergarten are the sturdy children of the fatherland. "The school units not only originated among different nationalities. They were the progeny of different and in almost every instance of hostile institutions. The university was the favorite child of the Catholic Church; the secondary school was founded by the rlchand well-born ror tne benefit of Us favored few; the grammar school was established by the great mid- J die class of a commercial age as a stroke of commercial expediency; the primary school was the pet institution of Protestant ism for the uplifting of the common peo Die: the kindergarten has been the out growth of a democracy which recognized the universality of childhood. "Not only were these school units tne euucavional insiiiuiiuna viraicu tut aai7 difterent purposes and holding fast to vastly different aims. The aim of the uni versity was philosophical", professional and theological training; the aim of the sec ondary school was culture and discipline; tho aim of the grammar scnooi was prac tical utility, the getting command of the svmbols of learning; the aim of the kin dergarten was moral development. ISOLATION FROM LIFE. tu i-tron tricrin rst nr Htia Mnnai "c P system brought about an Isolation from life, which within the memory of the I defect. At its formation the only continulty- of purpose running through all the schools was not citizenship but graduation; not preparation for complete living but preparation for more education. Not one of the units had for Its ancient ideal an aim which could be expressed in terms of well-grounded life. "It is questionable whether after the lapse of three centuries the isolation be tween the schools ana life has been less ened. Had life been a constant quantity even the slow, variable education would have overtaken It long ago. "Little by little an awakening public sentiment forced the forbidden things of the world into a reluctant curriculum and the process of education moved In the di rection of life. "It is not contended that the defects of our educational system are as flagrant or as widespread as formerly, lie who failed to recognize the wonderful improvements of the past twenty years would be blind indeed. When tne new education spoke to the schools they arose from their stupor like the son or tne widow of wain "It is contended, however, that valuable and sweeping in character as the new movement has. been, Its beneficent effects have not permeated every schoolroom nor every school system; that the efforts of enthusiasts in its behalf have often been spasmodic and ill-judged; that its efficiency has been mucn ninaerea by the lack of a clear understanding of educational aims and values and by the absence of a clear and commonly-accepted definition of the meaning and purpose of education; and that the results or the efforts to eradicate the defects of the educational system will continue to be unsatisfactory until there has been a complete readjustment of that system Into whose very web and woof these defects have been woven. PROFOUND DISSATISFACTION. "A profound dissatisfaction with the ex isting order has taken hold upon the pro fesslon and the laity. Everywhere the schools are being weighed as never before; educational aims are being scrutinized; educational values measured; ancient au thorities challenged; the ancient order overthrown. There Is well-nigh educational chaos. "Out of this confusion must come either compromise or readjustment. Compromise, coward-llkc, would bequeath the problem to posterity; would retain tne old system slightly modified: would soften the domina tion from the top; partly bridge the gap between the units: abbreviate the overlap; reduce the educational waste; retain in a great measure the defects of the ancient structure; graft the new upon the old; and intrust twentieth century educational ideals to a sixteenth century reclme mere remains but one thing needful, and that is a knowledge of life. If the schools are to be brouKht into a close union with human activity, then a knowledge of the practical affairs of life must aid very largely in deciding the content of the course of study. Here the profession can not be sir oracle for the schoolmaster does not Know life "Whether we are willing to acknowledge it or not and whatever may be hia position in the future, in the past the' teacher has not been in close contest with human ac tivlty. Rightly or unrightly, he and the preacper have been looked upon as joint members of a class set apart in the community, the pe cunar character of whose calling was such that they must refrain from nartlci pation in any business or civic activity. The astonishment with which the recent bold utterances of university chairs upon grave public questions have been received in many quarters emphasizes the isolated position cf the educator. Subdued by political domination and burled in an at rnosphere of books and childish minds, he has been as much isolated from the prac tical affairs of life as the educational system of which he has been a faithful ser vant. Like all other democratic institu tions, if the schools are to be of the people and by the people, then the people have a right to be heard. In so far as a practical knowledge of life can aid In determining tho content of the course of study, the great patient public that by gift and by taxation is eagerly pouring out its treasure in the cause of education must be heard "The school men know the world of liter ature and philosophy; the people know the world of reality. The people know what the schools must teach if they would fit childhood for the strenuous life that lies at the threshold of the schoolroom. The school men know what the schools must teach If they would send the youth into that struggle with a quickened spirit that shall lift him above the sordid things of life and make him a man and a citizen. REMEDIES PROPOSED. "Viewed In this light, the two are not antipodes, but friends and coworkers. Let the school men enrich the course of study with the cultures that make for a nobler citizenship, but let the people enrich it with thc utilities that make for a material suc cess without which citizenship is a mock ery and democracy a farce. "By emphasizing the practical side of the educational problem the people, If they have a voice, will save the schools from fossillsm and folly. By emphasizing Us spiritual side the school men will redeem them fron sordldnesa. Both working hand

in hand will chancre education from av

static to a dynamic procets that shall pre pare cnlldhood for complete living ana meet the rapidly unfolding requirements of a dynamic civilization. "In that readiustment certain well-de fined principles, which are the teachings of the past, should be observed. Reorganisa tion should be based upon a fundamvntii philosophical idea of the meaning and pur pose of education. That idea must receive the approval of the thinkers, the support or the public arid the loyalty of the profess Ion. It must be capable -of being expressed in terms of an unfolding life and a progressive citizenship; broad enough to serve as a founoation for our educational system and for every unit of that system; great enou;h to win the allegiance of the schools; ana strong enough to force even the unit at the top to yield to its high purpose. wonaerrm as nas been us development. vast as is the treasure wii"h the American people are pouring out with a willing hand for Its manUrnance, our educational tys tern is still marked by the defects which its peculiar origin fastened upon it. These defects may be classiticd as !)- defects f domination and t2) defects due to isolation. In all the history of the schools, though) in our day in a gradually lessening degree, there has been too much domination from the top. It Is not the Intention of tin speaker to array himself in opposition to our higher institutions of learning: to call Into Question the efficiency or the sincerity of their fatlhful teachers: to detract oue jot or tittle from the glorious part which they have played and are yet to piay lu the emancipation of humanity. No man who has trod college halls and reit tne quicKening touch of college life can be other than lojal to the common cause of his alma mater and her contemporaries. "It is certain to the close student of our educational history that the supremacy of the university was necessary to me progress in education which we have made; that without the university to blaze the d lead the van wltn lts ciarion call our educational system wouia not nave mankind past so many milestones in tne millennial march. But, In spite of all this, much of the domination of the over unit In the affairs of our educational system hn hoen of an inlurlous character. rhiidhood is lust beginning to have Its day In the courts of the pedagogues. What crimes have been commuted against it la the name of education: in tne name oi a process which In Its derivation means a leading forth of the possibilities of children our educational system has throttled their interests, rejected their needs, dwarfed their intellect, perverted their tastes, crucified their talents, ougniea uinr ambition and narrowed the boundaries of their achievement. LOSS HAS BEEN NATIONAL. "The loss inflicted by this misguided ed ucational policy has been national as we'4 as personal, since whatever represses the individuality of chilhood limits the pro ductive or directive power of citizenship. robg State of Its heritage and undermines the safety of the Republic. "The history of every public and prl vate school system is but a history strewn with the wrecks of childish lives who have been forced from school into life's treadmill to bury in Its grind latent posslblllunit have neither encouraged nor unaer stood. "Darwin's law may be Jehovah s method of originating plant and animal types. It has no place in a civilization mat na H.iiit rhnrrh( and schools, libraries and. hospitals, asylums and sanitariums with; wnicn to comuai in me iiaujc jl the cruel operation of natural law. The law of the survival of the fittest has no nlace In the educational system of a re nnhiin which must be saved from the dan ir ."ü l l,v. o mnro intelligent VueriVhip. "Readjustment must observe the canons nf architecture and build from tne doitomup nstead offr XSfet Wm destined to become the foundation of the system upon which must be built as one "r, ,sth" intermediate school, the secondarv school and the university or their ov.w, - , . . , r univalents. "When in less iavorea piacs me senwu are not able to serve all. then they must seek to prepare the many for completo . v living and leave to paternal saennce ana wise State aid the task of fitting the few for brilliant scholarship ana proressionai careers. . . "If the rural schools cannot teach both agriculture and Latin, let them teach agriculture, for a knowledge of the science of farming is of more Importance to the many who must work out their destiny amid the clover than the story of Caesar's operations against the Helvetians. If the schools anywhere cannot teaen Dom civics ana fimk. let them teach civics, for a right understanding of popular government la m.,r(i necessary to the impetuous citizenship of this Republic tnan a mastery or tne r.rcpk testament. "Above all. education must De trans formed from a static into a dynamic pro cess, ine ieei Ol ine rraujusicu bcuuuia must rest upon the mountains of progress; their face turned toward tnat Meeting mystery men call life; in their eyes a holy purpose; upon their lips the word "Excelsior;" In their hands the eternal verities; upon their brow the laurel wreath of victorious service; in their thought a mastery of the social purpose, and within their heart of hearts a saving faith In the Republic and a devotion to fallen humanity that, with the aid of the teachings of the man t Galilee, shall lead it Into the redemption of complete living-." THE NORMAL FIGHT. One of the surprises of the first session was the presentation or a resoiunon Pledging the association to the support of the proposition to establish a pew State normal school. The advocates of the new school lost no time In making their move and the resolution, prepared. It is stated. by Superintendent John Carr, of Anderson, was handed to the president immediately after the naming of the committees. Its text is as follows: 'Resolved. That in the judgment of this association the time has come when Indi ana should have increased: normal school facilities. The present State Normal School has done and is doing a work of incalculable value to the schools of the State. The same Is true of the private normal schools, colleges and universities, itecauso school officials find teachers trained in these superior, the demand for trained teachers is tar greater than the supply. This associat on. therefore, recommends to tne General Assembly of Indiana the passage of an act for the establishment of a second, State rormal school." President Proser handled the resolution gingerly, but he did not hesitate to act de cisively. It was not nis intention to allow discussion of any kind to get Into tho first session of the meeting, and he realized that discussion upon this proposition was liable to be pretty warm. Therefore h3 ruled that discussion of the subject should be postponed until the meeting to-plght. Strenuous strife is looKea ror on tnis resolution. The association is known to ba divided on the proposition, and no man pan tell just how it will swing. There are at the levers of the association machine clever men from the State and private pormal schools and their Influence Is recognized to be tremendous; but, on the other hand, there is a vast body of teachets who are known-to hold the view that an other school is really needed. THE MATHEMATICAL SECTIO. Some Concise Views on Teaching Arithmetic In the Schools. The new officers of the mathematical section of the Indiana state ; Aeacncra Association are as follows: President Supt. Linnaeus HInes, of Union City. it Vice President-Dr. Robert J. Aley. professor of mathematics. Indiana University. Secretary and Treasurer Miss Amelia, Waring "Platter, of the Indianapolis schools. . . Executive Committee Prof. W. P. Morgan, of Terre Haute; W. J. Early, of Huntington, and Miss Arda Knox, of Bedford. The discussion of the teachers of mathematics was characterized by the utmost frankness and they found much to disapprove in the teaching of arithmetic In the secondary schools. The general opinion was that while mathematics is well taught In the colltges and hish schools and in many towns in the grades, there Is room for Immense improvement In teaching the subject In the country schools. One teacher f txnerience made the statement point blank that If arithmetic were taught in the proper way that there would be a much advance made in two years there is now in six years with the present methods of leaching used by many teachers. In some cases, he said, he had found that children who should be far along in frictions did not even know the multiplication tab!e perfectly. Prof. O. L. Kelfo, of the Terre H&uta Normal School, read & notable paper at ttt

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