Indianapolis Journal, Volume 52, Number 124, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 May 1902 — Page 21

SUNDAY

JOURNAL..

mm pages PART THREE JLJd PRICK FIVE CKXTS. INDIANAPOLIS SUNDAY MOKNING. MAY 1, 1902. PRICK PIVK CKNTS

A DISSOLUTE MONARCH

siiamkfii.lv m:rKi,is career of KIX I.KOIMH. OF IlCI.tJIlJI. SelflOi nnd Cynlcnl, Hp Goe III Own "Way Ileuii rl ! f III Family or the Public. THE QUEEN IS HEARTBROKEN o vnM)i:it mob arise at his capital amj tiiui;ati: his life. Av ffi! Poverty anil Ilopele Condition of the "Working C Ie KleetI Children. Correspondence of the India n.ipoh Journal. BRUSSELS, April 2. Statement by Kins Leopold: "It was eminently fitting for the rncst modern r-f kings to escape the revolutionists in the very latent of vehicle?. If my court marshal had i-nt a coach and pair to the station the rioters would have thrown themselves on the horses and wapon. dragged me out and possibly would have torn me to pit-res. My great uncle" (Charles X of Frar.ce said he, "preferred a post chaise to the executioner's cart; as for me, give ne an automobile." Statement by the Queen: "Blindness, revolution, bloodshed, loss of power elements of retribution all for the treatment of. our child, for indecency flaunted in the public eye. f.r poor. Charlotte and the Congo atrocities." The above comes from a courtier who heartily sympathizes with the. royal family In their present afüiction, and nothing could be more characteristic of both King and Queen. Leopold, for.d of intrigue and diplomacy, a chartered libertine, with autocratic leanings and selfish to the verge of cynicism, regards the molt slinking his kingdom from the egotistical standpoint only. He escaped violcr.ro, once more the army will be able- to save his crown, therefore, "let us be gay and after us the deluge." The Queen, the most womanly of women, may lack in political insight I am sure ihe is not of the stuff that made Elizabeth and Catherine, and Louise famous for all time but think of what she has gone through! Her only son, dead in the flower of hl3 youth for following in his father's" footsteps; her oldest daughter, Louise of Coburg, disgraced as a common thief and adulteress, behind the bars of a madhouse for the same reason; her favorite son-in-law a suicide, her beloved nephew killed in a brawl; her second daughter, Stephanie, In the shadow of the divorce court; her youngest, Clementine, pining away with consumption ami determined to take the veil to atone, if possible, for a beloved parent's wickedness. And, in addition to the sorrows affecting her fleh and bk-o.J, is the humiliation. Her own pride suffered for years and years wt k. i.u. .'i.ji i..i..'i.-t. .w. iiiv c, a. Hun dred times, did she have to bow down to a silly scarlet woman that Leopold brought to her table. How often did she read of "her travels' abroad in the King's company while at home, locked in her apartments for fear of having it become known that not herself, but some abandoned creature received the honors reserved for queens. Marie Henrietta, I am told by officers of the Brussels court, ses in the popular uprising and In the latest personal affliction of King Leopold, approaching blindness, the judgment of Cod for horrible stains, meanness, crime and shame. LEOPOLD'S CHARACTERISTICS. In Leopold's character the most contradictory sentiments fiht for supremacy. At the age of sixty-eight his heart is as inflammable as that of a boy of twenty. Abstemious and wildly extravagant at the came time, he is careful of his health in many ways and courts death in a hundred others. His love for art stamps him an idealist of hih order, yet it is only a fewyears since his prime minister dragged hlrn from the company of the lowest of the low in a small foreign town. Leopold's habits are regularity themselves unless they happen to be as irregular as Don Juan's, lie is an early riser if he goes to bed at all and never keeps business of state waiting even If ho must decide for or against most momentous government acts in the gaudy budolr of a cheap ballet dancer. "What a scandal there would be if the King's decrees and letters to ministers were actually dated fjom the places where he Indites them," said one of Leopold's Faris Intimates to me the other day. Like Catherine of Russia, Leopold vowed at the beginning of his reign that a death warrant should never leave his Cabinet, but as Catherine killed &C0O In war, so Leopold, despite his profound opposition to the death penalty, never falls to distribute ammunition whenever the Question of man's right to the franchise comes up. So it was In 1?S. so it Is to-day. Above all. Leopold Is a showy King. Having made Eeiglum a factor in the world's politics far beyond her size and importance as a state, he set to work beautifying Brussels by great parks, gardens and splendid palaces. As one of the few Catholic Kings, he might be a pillar of the Church of Rome If he dld't keep the Fop busy smoothing out scandals of his making. When King Leopold took up with Clara Ward, then Frineess Chimay, his Queen was still vigorous enough to protest. Marie Henriette sent the? Detroit girl from her palace door, red with shame and wrath, but her triumph was of short duration. The very next on the list- of royal favorites, Cleo de Merode, forced a suicide's halter .Into the poor Queen's hands; It was at the price of death that Leopold tied a string of his wife's pearls around Cleo's fair white neck. A tire woman, happening to enter her Majerty's apartments at an unwonted hour, saved Marie Henrietta's life and the kingdom a scandal that might have upset the throne, but tho Queen has never been herself Hsuln. A very religious person, she continually blames htr.-.lf for this act of attempted st-lf-ele-structlon, and both her body and mind never fully recovered from the shoes. A RUNAWAY KINO. The late Kin.? ef Wurtemburg used to run away to Paris to sell titles and decorations whenever his private exchequer ran dry. Leopold, too, is very frequently not "at horn'-" when the official paper.! record his dally doings in Krüssels or some other part of Belgium. He has a habit of taking French leave from his ministers and hiding In some secluded pot where ho Is unknown to nil except his bo--!, companions. Thus he leads his household olfice-ra and government officials many a n.erry chase up hill ami down dile, sometimes reporting for work from jdaces nobody would ever expect io ylilt. Still, us before said.

Leopold never, or seldom, r.e-gle-cts his duties for any length of time. He may vanish for a couple of days, thereby delaying business of state, but when absolutely needed he always bobs up again, ready to sign or veto, agree to a measure, or do battle. Once, while the Brussels Cabinet was almost despairing of ever seeing Leopold again, thinking he had been murdered or kidnaped or otherwise done away with, i.c sent a cheerful dispatch from Geneva, intimating that he was having a good time, but would be pleased to receive any communication the government might want to make. At another time the royal family was startled by newspaper reports saying that "King Leopold and his three daughters" had arrived in the royal yacht at some Mediterranean port, where they were received with all the honors due their rank by the authorities. The women masquerading as the King's "three elaughtcrs" were Faris ballet girls, and they must have been hugely amused by the attentions paid them speeches of welcome, flowers, brass bands, soldiers in line, shouting crowds, fourhorse coaches, cavalry escorts, "freedom of the city" and what not? As .the real daughters happened to be at the Palace of L3ken at the'time they had to keep to their rooms for ten days or more, while all visitors were sent away and the sign, "Smallpox," nailed to the gate. It is not easy to believe such extravagances on the part of a man whom fate gave so many hard knocks. Twice he saw the heir to his throne snatched away by death; his two married daughters experienced all the sorrow and shame a 'woman in any position may encounter. There is Leopold's mad sister, Charlotte, ex-Em-press of Mexico, the widow of the ill-fated and ill-advised Maximilian, who tried to set up an absolute European monarchy on American soil. Leopold has had her in hi3

PRINCE OF "WII,D

-v y - ' y v; 5 s5vN. Xt ' '"' ' ' ' -v-'- '- ' yV ( , Vi . , r- ' , ;Xy - HI! : vV 4 N K " ' ' ' - Jfff i " "x i? - - w x I tit III ' ' x t - ' v ' i iW I " V - A ' v V n tiff - f I V i i) W If : -'.v-' n - - j ' - .-.M ft if - "if V - v IVY o ' t L ff I 3)H vvNNi '' r y W I i( , ' , fi ft WW x a" . - , v v ill v. v v 4 y u v' Kviyy rt iI

m a

t l X X. SSM .4

Col. W. F. Cody, famous scout and plainsman, who, under the name of "Buffalo Bill," has furnished amusement for millions of people in this country and abroad, now has the "greatest show on earth" in its particular line. Mr. Cody opened in New York recently, and his exhibition has proved a great success.

care ever since the year 1S67, when she arose from a foot-fall before the the third Napoleon a raving maniac. As stated, his youngest and most beloved child. Princess Clementine, wants to take the veil. She could only be persuaded from doing so by her father's repeated promise to change his mode of life. At one time, too, the gay Kins seemed determined to keep his word, namely, when Clementina had. a narrow- escape from burning to death in the Laken Palace, but when the young lady recovered her father forgot all about his noble intentions and returned to his debaucheries. THE KING'S APPEARANCE. At tho same time the King retains his good looks. With a face full of character and an erect figure, he combines the manners of a perfect gentleman, while his intercourse with friends and strangers and people generally is distinguished for a certain hearty democracy that endears him to all meeting this many-sided monarch faco to face. Those who profess to know Leopold best claim that he is good natured and generous to a fault, but this favorable view is opposed by many disagreeable facts. A father turning out his daughter, who has fled to him for protection from a cruel husband turns her out in the middle of the night and carries her back to the gilded cage under escort, though knowing that her sufferings would be still greater In consequence of the abandoned flight a father who eloes that sort of thing can hardly be credited with excessive love or forbearance. Yet that is exactly what Leopold did with his daughter Louise, the Princess rhilllp of Coburg, who w as" declared insane two or three years ago, after eloping with an unloved man and distributing fraudulent checks all over Europe. There are many who clr.lm that Louise is not mad at all; that her husbands wickedness and her father's failure, to succor her simply drove her to wild acts of extravagance by way of revenge. As to the King's generosity true it is that artists of a certain degenerate school rind him a liberal patron, and that soubrettes and dancing girls and rrlma dor.nas and leading lady never appeal to him in vain provided they are pretty and gay, but as to his far-famed "gift" to the Belgian people, the Drusfels royal gardens. the act was one of economy pure and simple. The law forbade Leopold to dipoe of the ground, and ' eomp-.-Led hirn to pay for Its maintenance half a million francs per year. In conferring the title and cost of maintenance upon the people he still reserved the gardens for his own use and saved fA'.WO francs a' year. Good business, was it not? This same sense of business, which ho inherited from his grandfather. King Louis Philip, the broker on the throne, induced him, it is said, to invest the greater part ef his sister's, the ex-Empress Charlotte's, fortune in the Congo State, originally a privat speculation of his own. Nowadays the Congo State is a safö Investment, but 3urpc5Ä-th,$ epeculaUon ha4 miscarried? In

that cne i;mpros- Charlotte's heirs would have footed the bill and Leopold would be poorer in expectations but not in pocket. Still, the ten million? a year Leopold makes out of the Congo State now have brought him no luck. The history of this darkest part of darkest Africa is written in blood, nnd the Queen and her pious daughter Clementine are suffering death agonies on account of the cruelties committed in their husband's and father's name. Indeed, the Congo atrocities are forever on Marie Henrietta's mind, and she prophesied long ago that God would punish Leopold for his part in the awful business. BLINDNESS THREATENS THE KING. The. punishment has come, or is near at hand; total blindness threatens this gayest of monarchs. I saw much of him during his recent visit at the Riviera, in the fairy palace he built for himself near Villefranche. As he took us over his grand new house the latest and most beautiful of his numerous architectural creations, a veritable treasure trove of articles de vertu, bric-a-brac, paintings, statuary, bronzes, crystals and mosaics as he showed, or, rather, attempted to show, us the good points of his collections, I saw his eyes wander far from the spots he described; he was repeating a self-taught lesson, he was trying to deceive us about his real condition. On that occasion he reminded me of the late blind King of Hanover, who was wont to compliment every lady he met on the choice of colors in her toilet. And now, after devoting much space to the King's failings, let us turn to the miserable starved wretches among his subjects who class as workmen. Comparatlvely speaking. Belgium is the richest country In Europe, say the statisticians; yes, and her work people are the most degraded, the most down-trodden, the most alcoholsoaked and the mest underpaid. Having

WEST" SHOWMEN. ZZX just returned from a tour of the smaller factory and mining towns in Liege, I am going to set down here a typical view of one of them, Charleroi. hotbed of the riots of March, 1?S5, and of the present agitation. In the provinces of Ilainault and Liege every member of the family, except sucklings and children below the age of ten, work cither in the mines or factories. The man, woman or child who does not starves as sure as there is a sun in the heavens. During my first visits to the shops under and above ground I saw plenty of children risking their life, and health for a weekly pittance that an American bootblack would disdain as an hour's recompense, but "where are the women and girls?" I asked. "There, and there, and here, and' yonder." The guide's right described a circle, pointing to the crowds of "loaders," carriers and helpers. I looked again; really they might be women, but, as they wore trousers and a general aspect of uncouthness, I had failed to recognize the sex. I never thought it possible for women and girls oufside of slave countries to look such sights; round-shouldered, flat-chested, with scanty hair and enormous hands and feet. Even the girls of sixteen or seventeen were wholly devoid of comeliness; matron, young wife and maid were equally unattractive. "With poor blood in their veins, where should they get red lips and cheeks?" said one of the mining companies' physicians; "they aro all anemic" THE WAGES Ob WOMEN. There would be no use in giving the scale of wages. American readers would not believe me. A girl working twelve hours per day does not earn enough to buy a regular midday meal; coffee and bread is all she ma j- aspire to. I ran across a typical small family consisting of three sisters, all of whom were employed from one year's end to the other. They tell me that they eat meat only twice a week Sundays and Wednesdays. When I remarked on the absence of domestic animals goats, rabbits, dogs and eats the guile replied: "No one would b nble to keep either for more than a day or two; they would be stolen and devoured." Doss of the large kind are plenty because they Ferve as draft animals. They come cheaper than donkeys or horses and are well able to draw milk and vegetable wagons. Another thintr that struck me was the absence of pawn shops. "We have nothing to pav n," s aid the foreman of the factory with whom I was talking. Badly nourished, the miner and glass blower is subject to heart and eye disease, rheumatism and scrofula. -In summer, when the furnaces are going Inside and out the heat of the fiery coal Intensified by that of th- sun hundreds die of prostration, thes deaths being as "regular" as deaths from consumption, overwork or accident. Yet on that account no one complains; it is deemed quite natural. Thes work people, you raust-ksow, learned loc ago tc-laals jcoxe.-

plaisantly upon all evils suive actuil hunger. Hunger maddens them. If a beel trust invaded Belgium it would be strarvgleel to death within twenty-four hours with or without process of law. For hours I walked in Che workmen's cjuartcrs without seeing a single grown-up person. All the "grown-up" arul lialf-"grown-ups" and quarter "gnown-irps" arc in factory or mine, working twelve hours by the clock, either in daytime or night. Most of the houses stand in a little, garden, but neither vegetables nor flowTBS are planted. Who shoulel attend to thnü? Anel the children! Numerous as the sanei on the sea, but dirtier, less cared for, uniiappier than any crowd of little ones I ecer encountered' elsewhere. During seven days' travel in the Province of Liege I heiard not a single laugh, unless it came from a grogshop. Instead, grogshops, .drunkenness, beastiality galore! Day and night the brasseries and gin mills are running high, tow,n and suburbs sending never-decreasing swarms of customers. Horrible and heatt -rending are the scenes in and about the sin mills on pay day, when hundreds of women besiege and fight their husband, brother or father to give up a few sous for t'be house. Even Zola's realism pales before-:juch battles between domestic furies and the alcohol devil. Truly, a gayer monarch or a more miserable starved wretch than the workman, his subject, you cannot look upon. HELOISE COMTESS D'ALEMCOURT.

DEBT TO FRANCIS VIGO WHAT INDIANA OWF.S TO THIS NOTABLE "WESTEItX PIOXEEH. Without Iii Aid George lingers Clark Mislit Have Failed An disrateful Government. , No other name In Indiana's pioneer history deserves more grateful remembrance than that of Francis Vigo, yet none has fallen deeper into neglect. He was a Sardinian by nativity born at a period when the island constituted a petty kingdom: some authorities fix the date of his birth at ITU. others place it a decade earlier. 11 was eloubth ?s a gentleman ly birth.' for when scarcely twtn; he became a pewy .Tev v. the army o; tr. Spanish King, whi.-h, ia accord wit!-, the spirit of th" tiir.es. was otic-red by men from the higher r;.n!. Llk most of the adventurous youth-; of tint period he drifted to America in th c lonial service, and for nearly four yours HTved in tho Spanish possessio;;.. When he w;i about twentylive jv.-.r of ie he retired permanently from miUiarv life and became a general merchant and trader amon the Indians and the scattered white ei tiers of what was then known as the "Great Wilderness." His headquarters were in St. Louis, then an unimportant French village under Spanish dominion, ar.d from there he wandered far and wide. Hi latteau laden with the hides of deer and bion, peltries of the beaver and fox. dried flesh of venison and buffalo, aromatic roots and barks, found-passage through the lonely Wabash and the broad "La Belle Riviere" to this little port on the Mississippi He followed the "old Massac road," or trod afoot the innumerable Indian trails that webbed the vast forest with a network of paths with which he became as familiar as the savage himself. His acquaintance with the Indians of this region, of whom there were hundreds of subtribvß which had migrated from the East, was thorough; his friendliness for them was sincere, and they gave him their entire confidence. His tact and courage in dealing with them, so say nothing of his honesty and justice, must have been rerfect; for there is on record as far as can be learneel no account of elisagreement or Ill-treatment on the part of either. This life in the wilderness was solitary and adventurous, even dangerous, but Vigo sccjns to have followed it many years, and to some profit. It was while on one of these trading expeditions in December, 177S, that he first met George Rogers Clark at Kaskaskiä and rendered him such practical assistance that we may trace directly to this chance meeting the ultimate acquisition of the Northwest Territory. FRIENDSHIP FOR CLARK. Clark, a young man about Vigo's own age, had come from tho colony of Virginia with a commission from Patrick Henry which left him wide liberty of action, and his avowed object was to wrest the great Northwest Territory from the British with an army of less than two hundred men. Without difficulty Clark had possessed himself of Kaskaskia and Vincennes and two other insignificant settlements when one day the rumor reached him that the British had recaptured Fort Vincent, on the Wabash. This news was coincident with the arrival of Vigo,, who seems to have offered to learn the truth of it while seemingly on a trading trip, as he in truth was. In good weather It was a two weeks journey from Kaskaskia to Vincennes. In the winter season the time required could not be accurately reckoned owing to the state of the trail, for such the road was between the two villages. On the ISth of. December, 177S, Vig set out on horseback with one companion, Reneau by name, for the remote post on the Wßbash. When they reached the little creek called Embarrass river, scarcely ten miles from their objective point, they were captured by a band of Hamilton's Indian mercenaries officered by an English captain, who stripped them of their clothlnsr, arms 'and valuables and took their horses from them. Vigo was carried to Hamilton in Fort Sackville, as the British had renamed it, for examination, but nothing incriminating was found upon him, nor could be dragged from him. While he was somewhat in Clarke's confidence which never fully was given to any man, not even Fatrick Henry he could Impart little information to Hamilton which he was not already in possession of through his spies. Therefore, the "hair-buyer general," as he was called by the American pioneers from a little habit he had of paying money for their scalps, dismissed him ind permitted him to leave the post and return to St. Louis on the promise "that he would do nothing on the way home to Injure the British cause." This promise Vigo gave readily and kert literally; for he went directly to St. Ixuis. his fixed residence. But immediately on his arrival there he set off for Kaskaskia to Inform Clark of the condition of atfalrs at Sackville. He reached the town on the I7th of January. 1770, after an absence of forty-two days, which gives one a good idea of the difficulties of disseminating news in pioneer times. OF TIMELY ASSISTANCE. In his own narrative Clark says of this mission of Vigo's: "We got every information from the gentleman that we could wish for, as he had had good opportunities and had taken great pains to Inform himself M-lUi-a, dciisn fc ive lt&Uice&c."-

Vigo gave the Information that "Mr. Hamilton had weakened himself by sending his Indians against the frontier and to block up the Ohio; that he had not more than eighty men in garrison, three pieces of cannon and some swivels mounted." Clark, with the acumen of a born soldier, saw that this was the moment to strike. Said he: "We know what fortui e will eio for us. Great things have b?en effected by a few men well conducted." Unfortunately for his designs, the time of enlistment was up for the most of his men; they had not been paid for their service, and he could not hope for their re-enlistment under such circumstances. Nor had he heard from his urgent appeal to the Governor of Virginia for money to pay his men and to buy ammunition. With despair he saw the opportunity for victory slipping from him. At this juncture Vigo came to his aid. He became his security for supplies; he even advanced them. And the army of 170 men was enabled to make that momentous march across the "drowned lands." wading to their necks through swollen creeks in the bitter chill of February, to repossess themselves of the old fort of St. Vincent. This aid was given by Vigo through love of the American cause, with which he was

ever after identified; yet he never received i from Virginia in repayment one penny Nor was this the only instance of his assistance to the Americans, and In every case he was the loser. He was sued in the courts of Detroit on a note for 721 5s Sd, which had been thus applied. When the revolution was ended and government was established under the continental Congress, Vigo became an American citizen. But the government overlooked his claim for reimbursement, if he made any, which Is not ejulte clear. In consequence of his exceeding generosity to the struggling Americans old age found WIW, SUCCEED CAR P syy.W' J fy.r'',y.f - 7 ;. V. y -. f;V,J"v..' -y . ' ry n v. TT

tMify V:-'

iv yy?y . . v

-. J I V ' k V. .W ' f 1 . . ';.-

- : ?y;iy -h yv.v

1 I

Mgr. Diomede Falconlo, titular archbishop of Acrenja, nn4 head of the archleplscopal "e of Ottawa, Canada, who has been definitely chosen by the Tope to succeed Cardinal Martinehl as papal deiegata at Washington, is a. monk of the Franciscan order, a native of Italy, but a naturalized American citizen. Mgr. Falconio is sixty years of age. lie came to the United States in was ordained a priest in the following year at St. Bonaventure's CoUese, Allegheny, Pa. After ten years he was sent to Newfoundland as vicar general and administrator of tho diocese of Harbor Grace. Ia 15C-0 he was appointed archbishep and papal delegate to Canada.

him almost destitute; but for the compassion of an adopted daughter he would have been a pauper on tho public charge. He had early in life married a Miss Shannon, who lived but a short time and left him no heir. He never remarried, and on his death constituted his wife's two nephews his legal heirs. All he had to leave them was this old claim against, first, the colony of Virginia, and, secondly, the government of the United States. Twd years before his death his claim reached Congress during the session of 1S13, but nothing resulted to his benefit. There is no other case comparable to his save that of Robert Morris, and both always will be a discrdit to the Nation. POST-MORTEM JUSTICE. Vigo had been in his grave forty years when, at last, the government allowed his claim. The records say: "On the Sth of June, 1S72, Congress referred tho claim of the executors of Colonel Francis Vigo to the Court of Claims, with full .jurisdiction and power to act." And in 1S75 we read: "Judgement was given en a bill of exchange drawn by George Rogers Clark in favor of Vigo for army supplies in the sum of IS.616 of principal and 511,282.60 interest, being the interest at 3 per cent. from March 20, 1779, to Jan. IS, 175, making a total of Jtf.SOS.W." Yet Vigo died in poverty at the extreme age of ninety-six. None of his own blood was ever benefitted by this judgment. He felt keenly the ingratitude and neglect of the American people, and in his last impoverished days he said: "I guess the Lord has forgotten me!" Much of the last half of his life was passed in Vincennes, but no accurate lnfor.natlon can be found concerning his taking up his residence there. He was yrobably an inhabitant ( St. Louis at the time of the Iy-uislar.a purchase in NC. In religion he was a Catholic, having been, as one of the records say. "a trustee of the old. historic church of St. Francis Xavle r," which burned and was replaced by the present edifice. Bishop Brute, the first Catholic bishop of Indiana, was his friend and frequently visittd him in his last days, and to him he made the promise to remember the church should his claim be allowed. Nevertheless he died without the sacraments of the church and was buried in uncorsrc crated ground; why, no one knows. Ono authority ventures the. assertion that he w i s X'.e mmunicated for his partisansh'p w;th th-.- Ametl n:s; another thinhs it possible ho btcame- a Mason, but there Is apparently no way to verify either theory. Exactly how' this money from his claim was diibuiivd cannot be Iwaxucdi It L

known that at least one of his bequests was carried out. To Vigo county, named in his honor, he left a sufficient sum to buy a btll for the courthouse. This was done, and the bell is still in use. Francis Vigo died on the d day of March, 135, and was buried a few days later with the "honors of war." Empty honors indeed to a man who had made such sacrihee from which had come such tremendous res-ults, yet who had died a. dependent on the charity of strangers! His body lies in the Protestant cemetery at tho southern limit of the town of Vincennes. Above his grave is a small slab of common sandstone, and cut deep is the Inscription: Colonel Francis Vigo, : : Died '-LM March, 1. : : .Aged : : For many years the grave was unadorned, but of late some one unknown has placed above it a wire arch and trained upon it a rose vine. And this is his monument! There is in existence one authentic portrait of him painted in old nge, which is the property of the University of Vincennes. The town of Vincennes has honored him by naming a street for him and his chosen State has called one of her counties after him, but his adopted country has done nothing. CAROLINE V. KROUT. Crawfordsville, Ind. OLD IRON CURIOS.

A "den corner," devoted to an array of articles in old iron, is not, at first glance, calculated to Inspire general interest; but, on close inspection, such representation of the "king of metals" may rrove Itself equal to the average collection of curious objects made of pewter, brass or copper. Iron comes nearer to the every-day life of mankind than other metals; and, in this wide relationship, asserts itself as aboundDIN AI MARTINET W. 1 1 t' es - iv .y,r. St -'i:f;yiy ing in "human interest." "Most of these things I have picked up at junkshops," said the man who owns the old iron exhibit, "and some of them have belonge-d in our family since pioneer days. These old iron andirons, bearing the figure s of Washington and Lafayette in military costume belonged to my great-grandmother; also these old iron snuffers, thesetwo Iron candlesticks, and this primitive bacon-grease lamp the kind that was used in log cabins In pioneer days. These things hanging on the wall are an old iron bullet or lead-melting ladle, an oM-time bullet mold, a maple sugar skimmer, an old iron hob and a town pump dipper. The last rr.ßy be steel, but it is rusty enocgh to pass for iron. One of my grandfathers was a tailor he was a good, honest tailor, too, and I revere his memory; so this huge old Iron tailor's goose, heated on the inside by a charcoal fire, I preserve for his sake. These three old 'flatlron rots' are curious things, too. One bears a woman playing a harp, and the name Jenny Und beneath; this, of course, dates back to her American visit fifty years ago. Thackeray's face, in college cap and little side whiskers, spectacles and all, ornaments this old iron-rest which came from an old Englishman's tailor shop; and this other iron-rest is Masonic three links and other emblems In the handle, and across the plate. "This old rusty key belonged to an early log-cabin jail; these are iron handcuffs of an early date, and these old she-ep shears are also antiquities. A sickle always appeals to me it suggests pleasant things and this is an English sickle; notice its long, light, graceful curve, and the superior high temper of the metal. Old Ice-wagon tongs are droll-looking things, now; they weigh four pounds, and seem unwieldy enough, compared with the modern kind. "Did you ever see an iron bottle? This was found in scrap iron at a foundry the other day. It is a foot anl a half high ar.d a foot ar.d a quarter in circumference, with an iron cork to be screwed in. It was full of mercury when found; a druggist bouqht the mercury and gave me the rusty Old bottle. "Yes. indeed, there's no end to the Interesting curios in old Iron." Happy Family ltU Varlntinm. Philadelphia Times. The proprietor of a German menagerie keeps caed t"i th r a lion. ;i tij. r, a wolf ;:nd a lamb, which he l.tb- ! ' 'ih.- llaj;-y Family." Whn askd ti :": 1 n t i .t 1 ! y how h.rr-; ih'-se uniiv.als had lived toother he answered: "Ten months; but the lamb had to b renewed occasionally."

y: .-i

...n V

Kl in graphic inrnu'i io in wi:llk.vow.v c on :uru DEVI. Incident Tlmt Sliov merirnn oI Her llat lleeit lerelfii! I'.wu I nde-r Great lr urn I iu. NATIVES CRUEL, TREACHEROUS HAVE ALL Till! IM! TH tITJ or Tlin INDIAN AMI SPMRI). Jlorrors of "Waller" 31 roll SpenrIiendn In Manplt mid Siinke-LILe ntien in Tall .ra. In view of the attempt by Democratic senators and representatives in Congress to make political capital out of the all. g d cruel treatment of the natives of Si mar island by United States soldi ts, a Mier written by Stephen Ron.-ul. a w 11-ktiow a and reliable mm-spondent. print, d in tho St. Louis Republic, is interesting. Mr. Bonsai was with General Smith in Samar and had ample opportunity to udy th-- characteristics and methods of th- nio.-t tru.l, crafty and treacherous pop!- n ertlu Samar natives have the ry e,f tha North American Indians and all the retined cruelty and cunning of th-4 c iu atd Spaniards, from whom thy Ic.in.. d a gn at deal. Mr. Bonsai sajs. unuer i.it of Manila. March 2..: "Whin the news cf th- r.n.icre at Palauuir .iiid :dl tno limiibi.- u. t ills of tha atroeiius coa. inltte-l th- . i- li.dmg tho iiiuti!..Uon of the li-.i:. ; a v..!l u.- tin doa l. was n-covel it: Manin. :' on. tlivi.- w a unuiu:..ity ot i-piran an.oi.i, ..II A..:vricuii, eivili.tn.- and military .ti.l.e. Indignation, i'ighw ..ts as w- thought ih ;.. b: i :ü-'1 e etjr peTM :..d .Uid pelaie.il i i il 1. !1 . Uü ail tides :li.- Iwj was xpri.. ! that ..:. r.il Chut:.-- would act. not only wj:a .:urg, but v. ith tin- x-vetity ti.at Ui- .ea.-oii uemai:... l. Thi :eling i;n...t diät iy lou:. I expii..-:-.a ia th- iu-;,.itei.. s w id; h W'io cxchi.i.i i at tli'- tit:;.- i. tw - n ejcti.-r.il Chaf. e, tier., nil Iluh and th-- p".-i eo:v-iiiaiid.i.-i.t.iV se:.e of tlie tl.iughlcr ia fi utli. . ru S.itiiar. "li is a e-i-.n-tds co;n:ni ntary on tho short inen. -ri ot th public that in all the coir u::ms . ii iu .-ion vviu. Ii 1 1 . i jiai-. s made dutio.. .iiu ai!-r couri-iiiartial have provOiUt. ; I1. iv ha eu.iy !.- n hire aid there a tci' i.'.-.' to t Ii.- iaa.--.iire in' afty of our own i.i. I., who v rc cut t p;t-.-s while unarmea! iu l'.aial.giua. to vvhoi:;, ti.ougll helpless. :o Jii-.ii-y w.is f-hovvn. And yet tl.i4 vat in oe .tsion of the eh.ir.t- in the- ph:a ot e.i.r.iin Iroai extreme slackiuss to well-l i - aiu le d Tifcor. "1 v.. nt to Samar with General Smith, and iir.tained with him almost constantly ir th- i.i.-; month of the operations. During thi : time 1 can say that 1 never saw any u. due teverity exircin d upon women and ehildi-m, r.o did 1 hear lrom thd mouths of credible vvitnes-s.es of any such, unworthy acts having In n committed. General Smith plotted the hiatal into districts, ;ai.l appointed a commander for t at a of these. This eommataier, umhr instruction li.- tii General Smiih. ordered tho concentiai on of all inhabitants oT b.is distrh-t at lav desir r.atr ci by hi:n for their residence, 'i hose who oid not come in. but remained out in the liills with the insurgents, were warned that after the delay graute, L, of lifteen days if they .lid not come in they, too, would be regarded as insurgents. INCIDENTS OF HEROISM. "Let me recall some incidents of heroism and of matchless daring which have been displayed by our officers and our men ia this distant part of the globe. Certain I am there is not a chapter of our history which shows the Indomitable qualities of our race to better advantage than do soma of the episodes of the war in Samar whlea will pass unnoticed unless 1 am able to record them here. "It has been a war with savaces, and yet with such intelligent and subtle savages that while behind our men has been the best equipment und all that mum yian buy. in the way of engines of destruction, theru has not taken place an encounter after which it could not be said. 'Well, the Samarite ravages were better equipped, for the tussle under these condl ions than wo were.' Everywhere their weapons, bolos of beautifully tempered steel, have driven them, the advantage in the only conditions under which they would fight. "It can be paid without fear of contradiction that since the day when the first American pioneer crossed the Blue Ridga we have never Wen confronted by a more inaccessible and forbidding country thaa that with which our men have been confronted in Samar. No one can describe it quite so well as a soldier of the Ninth Infantry, who said to me, shortly: 'Samar? It looks like heaven, but it's hell to hlka through.' I shall attempt to describe it. though I have- no doubt. k small Is our present real knowledge of tho place, that In a few years, when tho more ierfe t knowledge comes, my description will be found in many ways inaccurate. "There were thirty garrisons scattered along the roast, of which 1 visited some fifteen. Each and e very one of th:-e garrisons was in a state of siege, and to some of them at least the long-looked-fer lelnforcments came at the nick of tlrr.e. I never penetrated more than live miles into rha island, but, ncverthe leys, I um ne-t to bo deterred from describing it. drawing my information as to what I did not tec from the accounts made to mo personally bjr koldier3 who have crossed the Island from end to -end. ' "To begin with, Samar Is not like any, other tropical island that I have ever seen. It does not recall Cuba or Java. Ceylon or Martinique, it just looks like s unar; and then, again. It doesn't look like Samar, for every section of it that comes to view is quite different from tho pre-c ding views you have obtained. ' The southern portion of the island, know-n now generally as th Santa Rita and the Balanglga districts, is composed, from the- coral coast line, to about twenty miles inland, of a jur.gie swamp, through which two or three narrow, deep, wift-running rivers furnish the only josi-l-ble passage. "The center and northern part of tha Island is a high tableland, covered with; denso forests, in whose shadow there, id always night. A tableland, it is intersected, however, by rivers rushing to the f. j, through gorge-like valleys. Ext nding front the middle to the northern end of the Island (which is computed to hav an ana of about 6,fXV) square miles), run crastwl chains of mountains f qual height n:d abruptness on both sides of the island. These mountains are higher and more difh cult to scale than those met with In tho interior, and I believe th-y have rm r been crossed except through the ijorgej by which the pent-up rivers ru-h on thir way to the sea. Behind th- b irrt rs are a succession of steep valleys and pr. lpituus hills. HARDSHIPS OF SOLDIERS. "Up hill and down dale e.;,r s ddi is hav advanced, until utterly worn out with the mountain bathes sutkin at th' ir Mo" !, djing of the dysentery e.n 1 with a battle- to be fought and an ambush t' be ova reome at every step. Und r tla :- e ireumtaiu . j it Is not aftonltbing that but few f the many column we have s.-nt out hue succeeded in cross-ing tho l-i.u:l fr ia end to end, and. coming out upon the ir.o-.r.i'a heights at the other i-ile, he -uht a g'.inip!.e of the Pacific, and. in f., toy, of God's country, .'"" mil.- b, y.,? i. "Indeed. th-re have U .n , : iv two ?jch expeditions w he-re all the ro-r: e j aj the suffering have been crown. .1 with sue1 rtt'T to that of t'i;i.i! Presen i now de-ad. withal 'I' t trh'n !:! ( f it.. e. from the Forty-third Fnlt'd Si t Vo! t t cr. ani tlia. of Mp.r Wal!--, w'ü, fi d--tachii-.e i.t f in. t:i.' -. E. n it. e.. , ,f HiCO-SS tVa- dlfhewltl.- o Ii.- ., !,.-.,- ht XMcte-1 , he- tv v tribute et t:- ::. - th casualty lists of the xp. ,iit:, : .-.v . "Htfore bnrrie-rn nun ms th.--. t American mule, the Pike county cM.ourt; iuuls

CAMPAION

SAB AH