Indianapolis Journal, Volume 52, Number 99, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 April 1902 — Page 7

Tirn INDIANAPOLIS JOURXAL. WEDNESDAY. APRIL 9, 1002.

FOR PRIMARY REFORM

?!t: from niTsini: tiik city atti:mi thi: .mkktimj. Vincent Clifford Herl the AVorkIne of thr Jnnn I.mr in Its Heeent Tet. PBOF. J. A. WOODBURN HEARD IHSCOtRAi.lNG WOItnS OF JOHN L. Ill' PK OF HICIIMOM). Chairman Harri Relieve in a Full and Free DIeiiftlon Another 3Ieetlne Called. Facts rather than theories were presented by speakers at the meeting of the Commercial Club primary law commission last night. Of the half dozen speakers all but one had something to say of the manner in which party primaries really work rather than how they should work. Practical party men pave their views frankly on the question for the benefit of the commission, pointing out the glaring Irregularities of systems with which they were familiar and making valuable suggestions as to how these defects might be remedied. The meeting was In the nature of an "experience" meeting, and as such was warmly commended by Chairman Addison C. Harris, who declared his belief that In gleaning facts from the experience of practical men the commission would attain Its object more quickly and satisfactorily than In any other way. He suggested that the meetings be continued, and the night of April 22, Tuesday, was selected as the next meeting right of the commission. Secretary Hunt will Invite men well known In the State and city to give their views on the workings of primary systems to speak on that evening. Among those who spoke last night on the general subject of "How Primaries "Work" were Prof. James A. Woodburn, of Indiana University, of the chair of history in that Institution; Vincent G. Clifford, of Indian apolis; John I-. Rupe. of Richmond; Judge M. A. Chipman, of Anderson, and Chairman Harris. There were present at the meeting R. O. Hawkins, A. C. Harris. John Sherwood, Vincent ClifTord, M. A. Chipman, O. II. Carson, A. O. Marsh, M. N. A. Walker, J. A. Woodburn, Edward lnsley, C. A. Bookwalter, John L. Rupe and Dr. George U. Hunt. WORKINGS OF JOSS IAV. Chairman Harris Introduced Mr. Clifford as one who might be rresumed to speak with accuracy and knowledge on the real workings of the present primary system of Marlon county. Mr. Clifford responded with an address in which, speaking from a partisan standpoint, he pointed out as he had observed them the results, good and bad, of the Joss law. He gave also his views as to what the proposed reform ehould Include. Mr. Clifford said: "The results hoped to be obtained by the primary law, I take It, are the following: "To give every member of a political party an opportunity to express most fully and effectively his preference as to his party nominations. "To Induce, as far as possible, every member of the party to avail himself of that opportunity and participate in the selection of his party candidates. "To prevent and render ineffective every resort to slates, to the Improper use of money and all other corrupt and questionable methods of securing the nomination. "To exclude from participation in party nominations all persons not bona fide members of that party; and all Influences not In harmony with the party or not proposing to abide by the reseults. and at least passively. If not actively, support the party "And, as a result of the above to secure a ticket more exactly representative of the wishes of the party and more likely of success at the election than by the old. or convention method. In so far as any primary law falls short of accomplishing the above results, it is bad. and in so far as It does secure these results it Is good. From personal experlnce and observation I think the following results may be charged and credited to the present primary law, and 1 might add that many of those results, in my opinion, both good and bad, will follow any primary law: "It brought out the party vote. The timid and fastidious voter had his opportunity to vote without frieght and 1 hope and believe, without any great amount of physical or moral contamnatlon. (This class of voters have the right of suffrage and must be considered, but they will not be really in their element until woman's suffrage becomes a fact and then they may take part and probably will. Just as Houtspur's Fop would hare been a soldier 'but for the vile guns.') UNUSUAL, EXPENSE. "The expense of the selection of candidates to the party, and to the candidates, was doubled and trebled over the expense of the convention method, both in time and money. The corruption, both direct and indirect, was far and a way more than by the convention method. As many, and it is probable, more of the opposite political faith and of no political faith, participated, as heretofore did by the convention method. (It is said that OuO more votes were cast at the Republican primary south of Washington strfet and west of Senate avenue than were cast for the last Republican candidate for mayor in the same precincts.) "Nearly one-half the nominees receive'! less than a majority of the votes east as low as one-fourth of the vote securing the nomination in some instances. The second choice of the voter was lost, the party thereby .losing, in many instances, the best Judgment of the voter. For, in possibly one-half of the cass, the first preference Is dictated, r.ot by the voter's Judgment as to the qualifications of the candidate for the good of the party, but by personal acquaintance, for a promise, or some other Indifferent motive. The second choice. In most instances, is the choice of the judgment based on the fitness and qualifications of the man both for the office and as a candidate, fates were as common and as ruccessful as under the eld system of conention. Trades were made and the goods delivered, but in my opinion, not so eontfletely nor so effectively as in the convenlon. The corruption was more insidious and more widespread and more Injurious, both to the party and to the body pc'itic, than under the convention method. "Reverting now to my statement as to the results to be secured by the primary law, I am forctd to these conclusions to the credit of the law: It does and did give every member of the party an opportunity to express. If net fully, yet directly. In most instances effectively, his preference. It did. to a far greater extent than the convention method, induce a general participation in the selection of candidates. To its discredit are the following results: It did not rrevent or mitigate the resort to slates, nor the improper use of money, nor 'trades.' nor moral intimidation and other questionable methods. It did not exclude all persons not members of tho party, nor apparently come nearer to so doing thtn the old convention method. Not only that, but it positively increased the participation of Influences not In harmony with the party and not Intending to abide the results of the primary. I refer especially in this to the Independent voter and the purchasable voter, and to the Independent press and the purchasable pre.s.s. And, finally. It did not secure a ticket more representative of the party or more likely of election thnn would, in all probability, have been secured by the old convention method. "Many of the results alove noted would probably accompany any primary law. Some, however, arise from patent "defects in the present law. among which. It seems to me. the following are most obvious: The fallure of the present law to provide for I the payment of the expense of holding the primary out of the. public funds, and j by expanse f me in to include all neces- ! nary printing, rent of room, pay of mem- j Lrs uf board, and pay fur mtaH. I think

If the State assumes to regulate by law the methods in which a party Khali select its nominees it must assume that right with the corresponding burden of paying all of the added expenses of the method so dictated for every party which is large enough to command a recognition. SECRECY OF THE BALLOT. "The secrecy of the primary ballot must be secured by every possible restriction and penalty. All that has been found effective In this direction in the Australian ballot system should be Incorporated In the primary election law. "It would be advisable, for the sake of economy if for no other reason, that all parties should hold their primaries under control of the same board and at the same time and place. These suggestions apply not only to the present primary law but to any amendment of or substitute for it, and, as the average board der.' not and did not understand and generali:, apply and enforce the provisions of the present law, it is hardly to be hoped that a more complex and indirect system would be successful, and every revision or amendment should be made, with one fact always in view that is. that the law must be so plain and simple that its provisions can be comprehended, applied, and its details successfully carried out by men without any special training day laborers, mechanics, merchants, etc. Added letalis and added complexities will probably result 'in confusion worse confounded.' "I shall not undertake any comparison between the present or so-called Joss law and the proposed Minturn bill. My present feeling as to that controversy is "a plague on both houses." Roth bills were theoretical and academic, barren idealities so to speak. The failure of one in many respects presages to the observer similar results with the other. My own views as to the kind of a law that would be successful are as follows: "The first step to practical and successful primary law is, in my opinion, the enactment o a registration law. A primary law, if good at all, i good for all parts of the State equally. Indeed, it would be in the smaller communities and counties in which the workings could be most rapidly tested and the remedies for the failures most clearly and easily worked out. I believe that primary reform should be. a growth and that therefore laws and law bodies should not attempt to accomplish too much. The primary law covering the selection of delegates, still preserving the convention idea, would probably be more successful than one that attempted to give a direct vote. It could be so prepared as to be Inexpensive and bo simple and would probably be carried out much better than a more complex law. "In addition to these considerations I feel that there ts a distinct loss to my party when it loses the deliberations of a convention, and the announcement of its principles in the form of a platform which shall be approved by the delegates, and in so far as it may, shall control the nominees of the party as an authoritative- declaration in the conduct of their campaign and, if successful, in the conduct of their offices. I am fully aware of the fact that platforms are made by party leaders more for the purpose of catching votes than of controlling th action of those who are supposed to stanu upon a platform, but even the necessity of considering carefully the needs and demands of the people and of forming a document that shall win the support of the people 1 a good thing. Its benefits, like that of prayers, are not so much to the power to which they are addressed as to the petitioners making them. A written declaration of the principles of the party at least form a basis for Intelligent discussion of the positions of the party and of the merits and demerits of the opposing parties, and it is to Intelligent discussion as much as to any other one thing that reform of any kind owes its success and its hope of success." TROF. WOODBURN'S REMARKS. Trofessor Woodburn, of Indiana University, was invited by the commission to speak on 'Tarty Politics and the Independent Voter." He talked from the standpoint of a man who exercises some degree of Independence in party affiliation. Dr. Woodburn said: "There is nothing more important to a political people, to a body politic, than the conduct of its elections. If elections could be free from corruption the great body of the people would rejoice. And it is a part of my political faith to believe that whatever tends to arouse a greater puhlic intelligence and public Interest in electoral conduct, whatever tends to bring the great body of the people, the rank and file, into actual control. of parties and elections, will make for better government and better laws. I repeat, elections are the concern of all, and they should not.be left to the few. The old lady may say in her Ignorance, or selfish bliss, that she cares not how elections are conducted so long as she has her roast chicken and her little game of whist, but if we all really teased to care how elections' are conducted our dearest Interests of life and property would be soon endangered. . "Elections aro not mere party affairs, not mere party business; they are public business. Parties are but a means; they exist but to subserve public ends. Every man, partisan or Independent, ought to recognize that election laws are to be made, not by the party and for the party, but by the public and for the public, and they ought to be operated for the same higher interest. A citizen's first allegiance is to the State; no party service should demand a betrayal of the State. As men and partisans we must recognize that the public welfare Is the highest law. As long as respectable gentlemen, who, in other fields of life, are recognized as men of honesty, honor and probity consent to bring to their political and party service the character anil conduct of the boodler and the perjurer, or who will In any way consent to and condone perjury and bribery, there can be no hope of electoral reform. A lot of mechanism cannot save us. All the pains and penalties, all the laws and machinery that men can devise cannot reform us. Honorable men must bring the standards of honorable commerce Into their political conduct to make politics honorable. If it be true that politics and elections are only matters of barter and sale, honorable men will abstain and they ought to abstain, and until they do abstain they can do nothing but contribute to the dishonor. Electoral corruption brings us face to face not only with our personal dishonor, but with a deadly public peril. There can be no more menacing danger to the State or to political liberty. Our American democracy can solve Its problems if it can be preserved free from electoral corruption not otherwise. The people may be poor, and that is a regret and a temptation, but if the people can be their own. If their manhood can be preserved, they can meet their problems, the great democratic mass will wabble right finally. Rut if it be a question of money and cattle in the shambles, who will care for public discussions, public education, public decisions? Why should one care? I sat in the National Educational Assembly at Detroit last summer and heard a New York economist speak of an educational campaign In politics and he mentioned a project of the notable campaign of ". by which an Eastern political bureau proposed to Instruct and educate the people by the distribution of literature. Word was received, so he said, from one of the lake States. 'Keep your literature and save your money; we find it cheaper and easier to curry our State at fcl a head and von mav depend upon us.' Well, the wind will bring the whirlwind, and If that is patriotism in the service of the State 1 confess I do not understand the meaning of terms." OTHERS HEARD. John L. Rape comes from Richmond, Wayne county, and he had few good things to ay of the primary system as conducted in his county. "As a practical politician," said Mr. Rupe,f "one who has served several times as county chairman, I have no hesitancy In saying that the primaries as conducted in Wayne county are bad for the public morals, that they load to general corruption, that the candidates are not always the real choice of the party, and that the men elected to office are not usually the best men that could have been selected. I believe the primaries in Va ne have lowered the standard of morality there, and that the standard is far lower now than It was twenty-five years ago in Eolitics. It leads to the formation of a oodle class. "I make the prediction that in five years from now. If the primary system Is continued by the Republican party in Marion county, the party will be disrupted, that bitter factions will be engendered and that there will be a bad state of affairs In general. Why. even in Richmond I can furnish you some Quakers who will guarantee the nomination of any persons whom you might name, and those persons would not have to be of good character either." Judge Chipman. of Anderson, spoke on "The Madison County Del gate System." and appeared rather a.s its c hampion than us a trader of its usefulness. In the m.iln. he said the delegate system has worked well. There has been a considerable absence of corruption, and voters have been enabled to express their choice with accuracy. Judge Chipman answered a number of questions. In closing the meeting Chairman Hanls said that It was evident tint what the i onunU s ion needed was this sort of a meet

ingone where experiences might be frankly given. "This is a good way to get at facts." he said, "better than reading books. There seems." he said, "also to be a general public awakening on the subject cf primary reform, and In a number of States the question is being vigorously agitated." CITY SCHOOL AFFAIRS

TERMINAL PROPERTY OF TLX EDO SCHOOL II KLON CIS TO CITY. Public Auction of Houses to Re Held Tu-MorroH-A Yleltor from the Argentine Republic. The School Roard last night received an opinion from Its attorney, Albert Baker, relative to the annexation of Irvington and Tuxedo. Township Trustee Mendenhall has been of opinion that the personal property of the Tuxedo school maps, desks, etc. remained in his charge as the property of Center township after the suburb was taken Into the city. This Mr. Raker denied in his opinion to the board. He said all the school property came into the hands of the Indianapolis School Board when the city annexed Tuxedo. The board decided to have a voucher made for the expense of operating the Tuxedo school during the remainder of the trustee's year. This voucher will be valid with the approval of the board's attorney. The attorney also advised the board that it owned a check for $300 given by Conrad Bender as guarantee of his carrying out a contract for an addition to school No. C3, at Sterling and Twelfth streets. He found that he had made a mistake in his estimate and could not do the work at the price he had stated. He is not liable to the board for more than the amount of his check. The board will hold a public auction tomorrow afternoon. It is to build an addition to school No. 41, in North Indianapolis, and has bought adjoining lots. The houses on these lots are to be sold. They are described as follows: Two-story, frame, nine-room dwelling, luol West Thirty-first street; two-story, frame, eightroom dwelling. 1003 West Thirty-first street; one-story, frame, seven-room dwelling, with bath and furnace, 1013 West Thirty-first street; one-story, frame, fiveroom dwelling, 101 West Thirtieth street; several stables and sheds. The houses must be moved from the ground within thirty days after the sale. A deposit of $T.O must be made by each purchaser at the time of the sale and the balance must be paid before the houses are moved. Valentla Meng was appointed a teacher In school No. 12. Fannie Murphy has resigned as teacher in the Oarfield school. An interested observer of the proceedings of the board was Dr. J. B. Zubiaur, of Buenos Ayre, a member of the National Board of Education of the Argentine Republic. He has been in this country tor several months and will remain until November. He is spending several days investigating this city's schools. The Argentine Republic maintains forty young men in the agricultural departments of North American colleges, and Dr. Zubiaur is to visit all of these students and report to his government on their progress. He will make other reports on various phases of the educational system of the 1'nlted States. His country is to change its high school Systran from the French to the North American. The French system of high school instruction does not carry its students nearly so far as that of the United States does. The Argentine Republic encourages expert teachers to go there from the United States. SALE OF OLD FIRE HORSES FORMER CHIEF IIA It RETT IX A It EMIXISCKXT MOOD. He Remember the Cood Service of TerrySpirited Hiddink for the An I mali. Dollars and sentiment were factors in the "dead boss" sale at fire headquarters yesterday afternoon when Auctioneer Long knocked off to the highest bidder three equine veterans of the Indianapolis fire department. Horses worn out in the fire service were sold to barterers in horse fiesh and the firemen saw old favorites led away from them forever. The voice of the auctioneer was the requiem or old associations. The first horse offered to the buyers was Terry, a gray horse that had been in the service for twelve years. Although Terry was in his seventeenth year he yesterday displayed to the buyers that he still possessed vigor and was not a dead "hoss." Terry is a horse with a history. He was purchased in IS.') and Thomas Barrett, then a driver, but at present assistant chief, was given him to "break in." Barrett placed Terry in No. 6 hose wagon and he was quickly heralded as the fastest horse in the department. For ten years he answered gongs and then was taken out of active service, being used as an extra. "Terry, old boy, 1 want to see you get a good home," said Assistant Chief Barrett, as he stroked the old horse's nock before the sale yesterday. Then the old fireman turned to a friend and said: "Terry -has been a good old horse. I broke him into the business down to the and he was a sprinter in his palmy days. Honestly, 1 would almost as soon see one of my own children sold as that old horse. The days and nights we have put in together! Terry was always up and going when there was an alarm in and" The chief's story was interrupted by Ixnig, the auctioneer, who had taken Terry from his hitching place and led him into the center of a group of men. Chief Rarrett stood at a distance and heard the auctioneer's cry of "Twenty dollars! Do I hear twenty-one?" When Ing had reached the $21 mark there was a lull in tho bidding. . "Oh. that horse is worth more than $21," said Chief Barrett. Long threw the halter to a fireman and Terry was given a run before the spectators. Instantly there was a rush to bid und Long saw the horse's valuation increase to $30. The old horse showed good life, even though the auctioneer's block had claimed him. "CJive him another run." shouted Long. The fireman again gave Terry a chase vp and down New York street, and again there was zest In the bidding. Up. up the price went until the auctioneer was crying "Forty-four dollars! Do I hear fortyfive dollars?" The bidding had been spirited between a Hebrew and a negro and in the battle of the dollars for Terry the negro won. He offered $4. and Terry became his property. The buyer was Charles Nunn. a colored market pardoner, living near Mt. Jackson. Nunn'took Terry to the farm. "I'm glad Terry Is going to the farm," said Chief Barrett as he bado his öld favorite good-bye. "He'll be happy out there. But I'd warn the gentleman not to let him I get too close to No. bs house when there s ! an alarm In." The next horse offered was none other than Corn Paul Kruger, "too light for tha business." Oom Paul was a small bay horse that went into the service a few years ago. He couldn't stand the wear and tear of fire department life and was soon relegated to the has-beens. Oom Paul waa bought in by Harry Rosenthal for tij. I The third anl last horse offered was i Brown Prince, an old favorite with the men at Houses a ana it. nrown 1'rlnce is a dark bay animal and went Into the service while ex-Chief Webster was at the head of the department. The old horse has had a sensational career. On his left side and back are several large spots that are Brown Prince's medal of honor. During a bit? fire in the wholesale district on South Meridian street several years ago Brown Prince was caught in an alley which one of the burnj ing buildings adjoined. Before he could be ' released by the firemen he was badly ! burned. Careful nursing by the firemen i restored him to the service. His "medal of I honor" makes him far from comely, but he looked good to Samuel Miller, who took him for $.11. Brown Prince will be found In a trading stable. The boys at Houses 4 and IT want to see the old horse get a good home.

END OF FAMILY TROUBLE

LITIGATION THAT LARGELY IXVOLVED AXDREW J. PATTERSON. A Peaceful Settlement !!Ieaed with a Fevr Teur Caned In the LochI Court. The litigation growing out of the attempt to have Andrew J. Patterson restored to sanity was amicably settled in the probate department yesterday by the petition being granted, the filing of a divorce suit by Patterson against his wife, and an agreement that his property should be equally divided between himself and Mrs. Patterson. The case has been full of interesting details since it came to the probate department, about one year ago. Several years ago Fatterson was sent to the Insane Hospital, and his wife was appointed guardian. The management of the estate did not seem to suit Patterson's relatives, and about a year ago one of his sisters filed a petition for the removal of Mrs. Patterson, alleging improper management and that she appropriated the proceeds of the estate to her own benefit. In the hearing it developed that Mrs. Patterson used such funds as she thought necessary for her support. She refused to resign on the ground that she was afraid of Patterson should he be released from the hospital. Along with the petition a request was made to have Fatterson restored to sanity. This contention was finally settled, after several lawyers had been employed and quit the case, and Judge Walker was forced to take matters into his own hands for adjustment, the superintendent of the hospital granting Patterson a thirty days' leave of absence with the promise that if he proved his ability to care for himself he should go to Kansas to live with a sister. In the meantime Justice Nickerson was to act as guardian. Last fall he was allowed to go to his sister's home in Kansas, but returned this spring, and the case was reopened on his petition to be restored to sanity. There has been much contention on both sides, but yesterday they seemed to get together and made what is thought to be a final settlement. Patterson's property Is valued at about $3,000, and It was agreed that he should give his wife half of this and enter a suit for divorce. After things were fixed up all shook hands. Patterson and his wife cried a little, and then a complaint for divorce was filed In the clerk's office. The complaint alleges abandonment, cruel treatment, and that Mrs. Patterson kept him confined in the insane hospital, but the agreement contemplates a cross-complaint, upon which she is to receive a decree. IX THE HIGH COURTS. A Fort Wayne Iuiirnnce Case Judgment Is llevernetl. The insurance case growing out of the death of George W. Mason, of Fort Wayne, was decided by the Appellate Court yesterday, the court reversing the Judgment and holding that Mason's mother was entitled to the insurance. Mason Insured his life in the relief department of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. He afterward married, and the company Issued a new certificate In favor of his wife as beneficiary. When he died the mother and widow both claimed the insurance money. The Appellate Court held that when a person insured in the relief department has once designated a beneficiary he cannot change to another beneficiary without the consent of the onp he first designated, and that in order to give Mason's wife a right to the Insurance it would have been necessary for his mother to Join in transferring it to her. The Supreme Court affirmed a judgment against Herman Brems on a note which. Including the signature, was in the handwriting of the holder. The holder said that he wrote the note and signed it at Brems' request, because Brems, was unable to write. He said that Brems then delivered it to him in settlement, and the court held that if he did the note was binding. The Appellate Court directed the sheriff to comnel the return by the attorneys for Will Nichols of the papers in his appeal. This involves taxing them with the costs of sending the sheriff after the papers, which are imposed on them as punishment for not obeying the rules of court as to returning papers. PETITIOX FOR (HARI)IAX. Elizabeth Ilomgardner Munt lie Declared Insane First. Emma E. Mcllvaln and two sisters and a brother filed a petition to. have their mother, Elizabeth Bomgardner, declared of unsound mind in order that a guardian might be appointed to take charge of her estate. The case was on trial before a jury in Judge Allen's court yesterday and is being contested by a son with whom Mrs. Bomgardner lives. Mrs. Bomgardner's husband died in l&tf) and left her ninety-six acres of land and a residence property In North Indianapolis. One of her sons occupies this property and she lives with him. The petition rs contend that their mother pays her son $20 a month to act as foreman and pays his wife $2 a week for her keeping. She has twice been stricken with paralysis and Is an invalid. The petitioners also assert that they contribute regularly to hire a nurse to care for their mother, ns she needs constant attention, and they ask for a guardian on the ground that she needs to be more properly cared for. SI IT AG A IX ST SCALPERS. It 1m nt Lnftt DlttiniMNet! In Judge Leather' Court. The suit of the Big Four against William L. Schömberg and other ticket agents for injunction to restrain them from dealing in excursion tickets to the Odd Fellows' convention, held here last fall, was yesterday dismissed In the Superior Court. The Big Four and the other railroad companies filed petitions to enjoin the outside ticket agents from dealing in the tickets for that occasion and Judge leathers granted a temporary restraining order, which served the purpose of the suit at that time. However, it was said at the time that the case would be carried to the Spreme Court to determine the right of the agents to deal In such tickets. The defendants stated that they would contest the suits on the ground that the Central Passenger Association, which is composed of the plaintiff railroad companies, was an illegal institution and operated in violation of the Sherman anti-trust law. No issues were made up on the charge and the dismissal of the case is perhaps the end of it. CHRISTIAN' IAHLirS "WILL. The Preamble Recall Hayn That Have Loiik Since PnseI. The preamble to the will of Christian Kaile, which was probated yesterday, is a departure from the modern twentieth century will. Under a caption "In the name of God, amen," the preamble proceeds: "Whereas. Owing to the uncertainty of our life here below, for in the midst of life we are nigh unto death, our life is but the breadth of our hand, as a shadow we pass away and abldeth not, and having already reached the age of three score and ten years and my days here below cannot be many more, and while I am yet of good bodily health and of sound and disposing mind and memory, therefore I, the undersigned. Christian Karle, of the city of Indianapolis, county of Marlon, and State of Indiana, have thought it best to make my last will and testament." The will then sets out that his four children Joseph C. Karle, Caroline Ruckeishaus. Genoveva Karle and Emelie Spahr shall share and share alike in his estate. The estate is said to be worth from JlWi to llS.Otu Probate Court Item. Theodore Pollard was yesterday appointed guardian of Otis and Maud Pollard and gave a bond of $1''. John Sturzeneggler was appointed administrator of the estate of John Sturzeneggler, sr., and gave a bond of $2,0fM. Joseph J. Green was appointed adminis

trator of tho estate of Henry E. Jones, giving a bond of J2". Mary Katharine Young was appointed administratrix of the estate of Washington H. Young and gave a bond of $7,). Frank P. Baker was appointed administrator of the estate of William II. Miller and gave a bond of $2it.

Liken Another Man. Charles W. Habig yesterday filed suit against his wife, Mamie Habig, for divorce. He avers that she stays away at night and is infatuated with another man. whom she regards so highly that she will allowno one to sqeak ill of him. He avers that at one time when he said something about this man she hit him with a poker and has at other times assaulted him. A Jury Famine. There was a scarcity of jurymen in the county courts yesterday and the ballffs had considerable trouble in making up panels for the courts. Under the new jury system there are twelve talismen and so many were excused from the regular panel for various causes that for a time it looked like a famine. One jury was allowed to stand with eleven men. A Suit Against Elkhart. Charles E. Russell and Henry Jennison, of Toledo, filed suit in the Federal Court yesterday against the city of Elkhart for $.12.743. They operate a paving company and they allege the amount Is due them for improvements made on Main street in Elkhart. the coirt record. Superior court. Room 1 John L. McMaster, Judge. Frederick Lichtenaur vs. Jacob Straffa et al.; foreclosure. Dismissed and costs paid. Sanford Hamilton vs. the Indianapolis Street-railway Company; damages. On trial by Jury. Room' 2 James M. Leathers, Judge Plymouth Savings and Loan Association vs. Jerome H. Scott et al. ; foreclosure. Dismissed and costs paid. Thompson R. Bell vs. Republic Chemical Creosotlng Company; account. On trial by jury. CIRCUIT COURT. Henry Clay Allen. 'Judge. Whitset &' Culver vs. Isaac D. Lemmon's Estate; claim. Submitted to court. Allowed for ?'Ü5.2ü, at cost of estate. Horace M. Cooney vs. Frank L. Glass et al.; damages. Finding for defendants. Judgment against plaintiff for costs. John R. Welch, trustee, vs. James E. Mann; foreclosure. Finding for plaintiff. Judgment against defendant for Jt and costs without relief. Decree of foreclosure. Union Traction Company of Indiana vs. Adah L. Higgins et al.; instrument of appropriation. Finding for plaintiff and defendants Higgins against defendant Leavitt on intervening petition. Judgment against Leavitt for costs on same. Finding for Adah L. Higgins. Clerk ordered to pay her $400 In his hands. Judgment against plaintiff for said costs. Emma E. Mcllvaln vs. Elizabeth Bomgardner; to declare Insane and appoint guardian. Submitted to jury. Evidence heard in part. NEW SUITS FILED. Andrew Patterson vs. Arabella A. Tatterson; divorce. Circuit Court. Hattie G. Gehler vs. John Gehler; divorce. Circuit Court. Sarah Hlnkle vs. William Hinkle; divorce. Circuit Court. Wulschner Music Company vs. Barbara Tollett; for possession of property. Superior Court, Room 1. George W. Stout vs. Albert M. Peck et al.: mortgage foreclosure. Circuit Court. George W. Stout vs. James M. Newby et al.; mortgage foreclosure. Circuit Court. Charles W. Habig vs. Mamie Alice Habig; divorce. Suprrlor Court. Room 3. Charles F. Sneed vs. Henry Baptist; note. Superior Court, Room 2. Addie Thomas vs. Henry Maag et al.; ejectment. Superior Court, Room 1. HIGHER COl'RTS' RECORD. SUPREME COURT. 19S13. Brems vs. Sherman. Starke C. C. Affirmed. Hadley, J. A special finding that a person did not sign a promissory note is not a finding that such person did not authorize another person to sign the instrument for him, or that he did not execute the note. PS17. Thompson vs. Recht. Iake S. C. Reversed. Monks, J. The failure to actually fasten an exhibit to a pleading of which they are a part does not render sdeh complaint insufficient on demurrer, or make such exhibit any the less a part of the pleading with which they are filed. i:CU0. Frankel vs. Michigan, etc.. Insurance Company. Huntington C. C. Petition for rehearing overruled. lfüS3. Turpie vs. Lowe. Cass C. C. Petition for rehearing overruled. 137H5. B. & O. S. W. R. R. Co. vs. Adams. Jackson C. C. Petition to dismiss postponed until final hearing. .144. Efroymson vs. Smith. Marion S. C. Motion to transfer to Supreme Court denied. Minutes. 19762. State of Indiana ex rel. William H. Hart, auditor, etc., vs. the Commercial Insurance Company, of New Albany, Ind. Marlon S. C. Appellee's brief (8.) 19755. James M. Bolton vs. William Clark. Parke C. C. Appellant's brief (8.) 137h'U. William H. Hart, auditor of state, vs. State ex rel. Margaret Hite et al. Marion C. C. Appellant's petition for additional time, (iranted thirty days. APPELLATE COURT. C507. Mason vs. Mason. Allen S. C. Reversed. Robinson, 1'. J. Where a single man became Insured In the "Voluntary Relief Department" of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company and designated his mother as his beneficiary, and afterwards married, it is held that the insured, without the consent of the mother could not change the contract so that the wife became the beneficiary. 3HS1. Wells vs. Vermont Life Insurance Company. Marion C. C. Petition for rehearing overruled. Roby, J. To "surrender" a life insurance policy for paid-up insurance means to cancel or yield up the policy. ,1614. Gordon vs. Miller. Franklin C. C. Reversed. Wiley, J. 1. Where a mill and fixtures are erected by the lessee upon the leased premises with the owner's consent, and having been treated by such lessee as personal property, and he executes a chattel mortgage thereon such property will be regarded as personal. 2. Where the right to remove fixtures from leased premises exists, such fixtures aro treated as personal property. 3732. Nichols vs. State of Indiana. Marlon C. c. Appellant ordered to return papers to files. 418. Zuelly vs. Casper. Terry C. C. Leave granted to file reply brief. 425R. Coffinberry vs. Madden. De Kalb C. C. Appellee granted additional time to file brief. 4.151. Thompson vs. Jamison. Jackson C. C. Publication ordered. 4404 Helberg vs. Hammond, etc.. Association. Lake S. C. Appellant granted additional time to file brief. 4i:$. Adolph Zuelly rt al. vs. Martin F. Casper et al. Perry C. C. Apjellants' petition for leave to file reply brief granted. Appellants' reply brief (S.) 4277. Benjamin H. Dugdale vs. Charles P. Doney. Marion S. C. Appellee's brief s.) 4213. Alfred M. Ogle et al. vs. William Hudson. Greene C. C. Appellee's brief 8.) 4347. Mary A. Crane vs. Frank E. Osborn. executor, etc. La port e C. C. Appellant's brief (5.) 427!. The London Guarantee and Accident Company, Limited, vs. Mike Siny. Lake C. C. Appellee's petition for additional time. S92fi. Thomas Gormley vs. James J. Kirkland. Martin C. C. Appellee's additional authorities. 34:C. William J. Guy et al. vs. William Liberenz et al. De Kalb C. C. Appellants' motion to dismiss appellees' additional memorandum. New Cases. HW. Chicago and Bloomlngton Stone Company vs. Parlie Nelson. Owen C. C Record. Assignment of errors. In term. RorM. Y. 31. C. A. Hobo Clnh'n Trip. The Hobo Club of the Y. M. C. A. will make a trip Saturday morning. The club will go by street.car to Broad Ripple, where the steamer Sunshine will be boarded for a trip up White river to the place where the Y. M. C. A. summer camp is to be held. A number of the members will be accompanied by their mothers. Cameras will be carried and pictures of the camp ground will be taken. County Ileeordrr HpiiKn. Governor Durbin yesterday received and accepted the resignation of John R. Gladden, recorder of Tippecanoe county, whose term expires next fall. Mr. Gladden resigns on account cf ill health, and desires his resignation to take effect April 15. His ruccessor will be appointed by the commissioners of Tippecanoe county.

FARM AND GARDEN j& INTERESTS

! ; GrnftM nml liny Crop. Philadelphia Record. Grass and hay are crops that depend largely upon an abundance of mol?ture to give the largest yields, and the object of every farmer 13 to get his grass crop as far ahead as possible before the dry weather of summer sets in. Sometimes a single shower, at a time when the ground is dry, is worth more than a prolonged period of rain early in the season. Sod la-.: la always ready to make growth a ioon as the warmth of spring begins, but when new pastures or grass crops are seeded down early in the spring the future progress of the crop will depend largely upon the manner in which the land was prepared and the amount of plant food supplied. There is no substitute for grass in the summer season, as it provides bulky and succulent food before other crops are ready, largely adding to the production of milk, butter and meat, and is harvested by the animals themselves while on the pasture, thus saving considerable labor in feeding, as well as providing a variety of foods that cannot be secured in any other manner. The grass grown for liy should be a separate crop. Clover and timothy are the standards for hay, although they do not ripen together. No hay grasses should be pastured, as the feet of the animals do considerable harm, while the field is never eaten off evenly. The pasture grasses, intended for grazing purposes only, should consist of as many varieties as possible, while such is not necessary for the hay crop. A variety of grass that is indigenous to the soil of the pasture lot may sooner or later crowd out all other kinds and take possession, but If such variety is relished by stock, and maintains Its hold on the land, it will probably be found better than any other kind on account of its hardiness and ability to withstand droughts. Whether for hay or pasture, the land should be deeply plowed and well harrowed, so as to have the soil in the finest possible condition. This is essential, for the reason that the young plants will have better facilities for feeding and will rapidly increase in root growth before the warm days of July and August. The more early growth the grass can make the better It will be able to endure a dry spell. If manure is used it should be thoroughly decomposed, in order that all seeds of weeds may be destroyed, as It is difficult to get at weeds growing on a grass plot. The safer method is to apply fertilizers. Wood ashes are excellent, but a mixture of 10) pounds of nitrate of soda. 125 pounds sulphate of potash and fifty pounds nitrate of soda, per acre, if the land is in moderate condition, will give the grass an early start and enable It to become well established before meeting with lack of moisture. The main point in the growing of a grass crop is to get an even and uniform stand at the beginning, for any gain at the start will be of advantage at later periods of growth. While mixed grasses should be preferred on a pasture field, it is better to grow hay crons singly unmixed the mixing of the foods to be done at the barn when feeding the animals, after harvesting the grass crops. It is better for the farmer not to depend upon a single kind of hay crop, as a prolonged drought may destroy it. Instead of growing clover and timothy only, there should be fields of cow peas, Hungarian grass and fodder corn, which can, if necessary, be seeded late and mowed at any stage of growth, according to circumstances. Pasture lands may include rye as a late fall and early spring supply, but grown separately from the grasses, while crimson clover is also another late and early crop that may be made to fill up a gap. being also an excellent green manurial crop. An old sod that has furnished a crop for several years need not be plowed under because of beginning to fail. It may only need a liberal application of fertilizer to become useful again, but if the best varieties of grasses have disappeared, and some undesirable kind provides the green food of the pasture, it should be plowed under and cultivated to corn, so as to give the land thorough working, though the best time to do so is in the fall, using lime on the sod and plowing in a manner so as to bury all the sod, in order to prevent it from growing the following spring. The cause of failure of pastures is largely due to close grazing and trampling by the animals: hence it should be the rule to have a change of pastures. In order to prevent cropping the grass too close to the ground. Spraying the Apple Orchard. L. R. Bryant, in Orange Judd Farmer. Orchardists cannot always control weather and other conditions which surround them, and therefore cannot follow exact rules at all times. This applies to spraying as well as other matters, but the following is what I aim to practice in my orchards. Apple trees should be sprayed three times each year. First, as the blossom buds are swelling; second, just after the blossoms fall, and third, eight or ten days later, using each time bordeaux mixture, with paris green added. The bordeaux mixture is made in the proportion of twelve pounds lime and twelve pounds blue vitriol to each 150 gallons water. To this is added three-fourths of a pound of paris green. A stock solution of blue vitriol la made by putting 100 pounds of vitriol in a burlap sack and suspending it in a cask containing fifty gallons water, for twenty-four hours, when it should be dissolved. The lime for each cask of water is slaked separately, two tubs being used so that one batch can be slaked while the tank is being filled and the contents of the other tub strained. Care must be used to have fresh lime, not air-slaked. All ingredients are strained into the tank, through fine wiro strainers. The paris green should be put into a gallon Jug. with two quarts of water, Und thoroughly shaken before it is added. For holding the spraying solution I use 150-gallon casks, which are laid on their sides and fitted to a rack and mounted on a platform truck. I use a pump which has Its working parts all in the cask and would advise never to buy a spray pump with a stuffing box and leather valves, or one that has an air chamber outside the barrel or tank. A pump with sufficient capacity and force to send a fine spray all over the trees should be used.' Knapsack and small pumps of any kind made to carry around bv hand may be convenient in a garden, but are useless for general spraying in an orchard I use two lines of hose, fifteen or twenty feet long, to which nre attached light bras rods ten or twelve feet long, incased in bamboo, the nozzles being on the ends of these rods. The men with the rods operate from the ground or the wagon, according to the size of the trees and the convenience of reaching all parts with the spray. Fruit trees of all kinds are sprayed with the same mixture, except peach trees, for which the strength must be reduced about one-half, as the foliage is easily injured by too strong a solution. Currants and gooseberries are planted so that they are accessible with a wagon, and whn signs of the currant worm are discovered, one good spraying ends all trouble with them for that season. In planting potatoes 1 put in six rows, three feet apart, then one row with a four-foot space eacn side of it then six more rows three feet apart, and so on I can then drive over every seventh rowspraying it and threo rows each sioe without injury from the wheels of the w.igon The bordeaux mixture, with paris green added. Is used for all spraying, the bordeaux mixture being applied to prevent the leaf scab and other fungous diseases, and the paris green for insects which eat the leaf and fruit, but when the common leaf aphis is troublesome I have found spraying with a solution of whale oil soap, one pound to ten gallons of water, effective and the most satisfactory application. Getting; lire in Shape. Up-to-Date Farming. There is but one time In the year that bees can be put In proper shape, and that time is during early spring. When col onies get strong later in the season and i the hives become full of brood bcrs and j honey it is an impossibility then to manipulate the combs or In any way change t them into frames in a perfect manner. I

Bees hived Into gvl farm hives and bets that may be hived In ordinary boxes can at this time be transferred into frame hive?, and those that may have afterward received but little attention are possibly In as bad shape as those in ordinary boxes. Hiving bees in a frame hive dots not insure them to be in condition afterward to get the benefits ()f such hives, hut they must be watched carefully until they have completed the building of all their com'bs. and thus have each and every comb ahlutely stralght In the frames. Get the bee in good shape by going

oldffleda: AT PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION UNLIKE ANY OTHER! The full flavor, the delicious quality, the absolute PURITY of Lowney's Breakfast Cocoa distinguish it from all others. No "treatment" with alkalies; no adulteration with flour, starch or ground cocoa shells; nothing but the nutritive and digestible product of the choicest Cocoa Beans. ASK YOUR DEALER FOR IT. through every hive, cutting and straightening every crooked comb and trimming off any surplus combs that have been built out of place. The frames arc usually coated heavily with propolis, and thua stuck fast in the hive., and especially so where the frames hang on their bearing, and all of this should be removed and the insides of the hive scraped perfectly clean of wax and propolis. Our large honey crops depend principally upon the manipulation of the hives and bees, and a hive that is in good order can be handled so that it is simple and easy to get the best results. After eirh honey season many of the combs in the frames have become too thick in the sections of the same that the bees that stored honey; hence it is almost impossible to get the required number of frames back in position, and these can be shaved down to the required thickness with a Kharp knife. A comb In the brood chamber is supposed to occupy about one and a half inch, and this space allowed to each frame, so that a hive twelve Inches in the clear inside is Intended for eight frames. Clenrfnir Streams of Cur p. Correspondence Indiana Farmer. It will be interesting to all old fishermen to see the fish deputy catch and rid the lakes and streams of turtles and carp. Al?o to see them throw buck good fish. What an idea to catch carp with a seine. A carp buries himself in the mud when he hears & noise; you can seine n. week and not get a carp. There is only one way to get rid of them and that is to spear them. I can kill more carp with the spear In one hour than they can catch with the seine in a week, livery man that spears will kill a carp when he can. A carp is the only fish that I know of that will destroy the spnwii of nil other fish, and since we are not allowed to spear them they have taken the rivers. If they will give us ninety days In the fall to spear them in a few years they will be scarce, and there is not a fisherman n the Wabash that would violate the law. Talk about protecting the fish with the present law, when you are Allowed to go in the spring v.ith hook and line and cath bass before the spawning season and while they are protecting their spawn. The present law suits the. city sports. They have no crops to plant and fish the streams out before we have time to look in the river. Leave the present fish law as it is and la ten years the carp and turtles will Uki the streams. Good Example to Follow. Kansas City Journal. A Keytesvllle man is making a commendable effort to encourage schoolboys to try their hands in an experimental way at agriculture. He offers' three valuable prizes to the three who shall raise the three best half-acre patches of corn In Chariton county this season, having done all tho necessary work themselves. Each contestant must also present a self-written LtoO-word. account in explanation of his achievement. Rerkfthlrea, the Old Breed. American Swineherd. A breeder in Pennsylvania attributes to the Berkshlres the fame of being the oldest breed of nwine In the United States. Ho states that for 150 years they have ben bred pure. That they have been used in improving most of the improved breeds of the day that have a black color. He gives as their prominent characteristics prolificness, as good sized litters of even pigs is the rule. He believes them to be able of producing the most pork for the least money in food consumed. They should have access to plenty of charcoal, salt and, ashes at all times. Feed some mill feed, such as shorts mixed with water into a thick tdop, to be followed by all the corn thev will clean up. Hogs fed and cared for in this manner will fatten very rapidly and should make a gain of at least two pounds each twenty-four hours. I'nrm Note. Have at least one hive of bees if fruit is a sjecialty. Bees are valuable asr-itants in fertilizing the blossoms. Arsenate of had is preferable in many ways to paris green. Its two great points of superiority are cheapness and safety from burning the foliage. It will stay in suspension much better than paris green, hence the bottom of the spray barrel is not apt to contain an undue amount of poison. A grower whose small patch products rhubarb of enormous size explains his success from Ids practice of throwing soapsuds ovr the ground on washing days. Jit: sold thirty dollars worth from the patch of two and one-half rods in a hingle season. Manure from the hogpen Is also applied and would, no doubt, of Itstlf produce a good yield. Rose bushes should be well trimme! and given shallow cultivation. They will not thrive if surrounded by glass. If the bushes are weak water them once a week with a solution made by dissolving a tcspoonful of nitrate of soda and the sntne quantity of phosphate of j-dash in a pint of water, saturating the ground around each bush. Always stir the surface of tha ground when it txcomts dry. When selecting peas for an early supply the iwar! varieties will be found nmi suitable, as they do not have to make heuvv growth of vine before com in? into bearing. The more wrinkled the the better the quality of the pea. though some of the earliest peas are not wrinkled. The Champion 1 one of the be-t in quality, but is not early and is not as prolific üs some varieties. This is an exrelUnt time lor planting peas. Ducks or geese should nver be allowed on lawns. The gooe will pull grains out by the roots. Being vorac ious feeders and not very dainty, all aquatic birds should b kept in orchards, as they destroy young weeds and consume many insects. Tim goose is ery partial to purslahie and will utilize it to go ! advantage. Ducks will also consume almost any kind of KTfn fond, and can be kept at but little expense if made to forage for food. David Rankin, e.f Turklo. Mo., who In pist years ha? fed out to market as many as H.i' head of Me-ers and II hogs in a single se.ison. says that this year, owing to Khort ieti anu in" iimn price or gram, he will not be able to feed over v head of cattle. All will have to retrench. u he is doing, by buying a smaller number than usual, and the result will be a shortHge In beef and pork, and everybody hae to pay higher for these products. It takes lime from the planting of the trees to the bearing stai:e to deri result from an apple eirchard. but the alue of the eirchard will dejw-nd upon the work given it during the first two or three years. When an apple orchard of selected varieties has once be. n secured It houId gh a large profit every year, n-t only In fruit, but alio In using the land for stock at certain times, and even by occision.tlly growit.g a hH or gra-s crop. S.me large orch trd ate now u d as locations for poultry.

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